Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 35, Number 22, Indianapolis, Marion County, 17 July 1889 — Page 5

vi 7 THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL. WEDNESDAY, JULY 17. 1889.

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WEDDING, WAKE AND FAIR.

MR. WAKEMAN'S TOUR OF IRELAND. Market Day Universal and Interminabl Itslinslness and Social AdTantages Courting and Wedrlinc The Origin of the Wake. Athloxe, Ireland, Jnly 1, 1SS9. For the purposes of illustration there is as little difference between the Irish fair and the Irfch market to-day, as there could be found between "a rale drop of the right sort" and "a drop of the rale right sort," which from time immemorial has been inseparable from the proper conduct of either. The actual difference is this : The Irish fair, whether held at the little village in Donegal or Kerry, or attended by thousands, as at Ballinasloe, Atblone, Cork, Belfast or DubliD, is an fTair for the display and sale of animals horses, cattle, asses, pigs, sheep, ats, and occasionally poultry. Perhaps tishtv Irish towns and cities hold from one t four fairs each year. Some are for he sale of one class of animals only; of cogs, as at Liirerick or .thione ; of cattle, as at Ballinasloe ; of hcres, as at probably the greatest annual horse fair in the world, that of Dublio ; c-as at Cushendun, for the exclusive sa'.e of the noted Cushendal ponies bred on the heathery mountains of Antrim overlookinz the wierd and stormy Irish tea. But at most of the Irish fairs all animals bred in Ireland are exposed for pale; at many others farm products inay be found ; while the great butter fairs of Cork would almost give one the notion that half the world's butter was made in the sunny vales of Ireland's South. The market day, on the other hand, is a universal and interminable arfair. Hardly a day has passed in my nearly a year in Ireland when I have not come upon some town or -village in my trampingrs where the fair or the market was in full progress. The area of Ireland is 23,125 square -miles less than that of the state of Illinois, yet Ireland boasts of 2A market towns w here market-days are held from one to three times every week in the year. All this is picturesque and interesting to the traveler, hut my observation leais me to believe that there is vastly too much market, of the sort, and vastly- too little to market, of any gort, in Ireland. The shopkeepers, petty traders, and "shebeen" men like it well enough, for it brinps the people together for trimmins at both ends of the vard-stick, but the murderous landlord system behind it renders this very custom through which the peasantry arc bo repeatedly and systematically robbed a necessity. The tenant-farmer must have, because his condition is never else than precarious, a handy means of ready money. The market-harpies discern with unerring scent all who are pressed for rent or interest money, and they instantly combine against his need and dependenov with matchless cunning and blarney. 1 bus those most needing fair return "for the pitiable trifles they are forced to sell are invariably plucked at "both ends of their need by the landlord who keeps the rod of eviction-horror hanging over their heads, and at the small market towns, where the buyers, just as fortune-telling Gypsies, learn all the closetg host of half a county before they begin operations, knowing that this one or that one, from this place or that, dare not return home without money, contrive to send him back "o'er an aiah road, for the h'ghtness that's in his pocket." Mill another reason , makes the Irish market day popular, though disastrous to the acquisition of means among the masses cf the people, if opportunity in their unfortunate condition for securing comfort and competency were given. It is almost impossible for the American to conceive of the barrenness of diversion or incident in the lives of the Irish peasantry. Education and books there are not. Something must occupy the human mind aside from the scourgings of human slavery. The market-day, in its exchange of countryside greetings, information, forgivable go'ssipings, simple excitements and general hurly-burly, with this primitive folk stands entirely in the stead of the weekly paper of our own remoter country districts. Indeed it is far more. The telegraph and the railway penetrate nearly every county of our country. In more than nine-tenths of Ireland country folk have never seen . railway car. The market village is still the ultimate of their horizon. The little holding on the mountain side or in the valley, the little chapel where they gather for Sunday mass, the little village where market-day brings them all together, the rustic dance or wedding with their rude and boisterous convivialities, the wake which most powerful priest or prelate cannot prevent by direst sacerdotal thundering, and finally the little graveyard where all must eventually come, provide the farthest metes and bounds of their humble lives. One may wish it different, but it is idle to discuss itall save on the exact line of their uneventful lives; anil because the warm Irish heart yearns for something better than it ever may know in this unfortunate land. I do not want the regard of that better-conditioned man, who would deny every sonl environed as these, every hour of diversion and iightsomeness that" can be got from either fair, wedding or wake, even if the poor souls return to their dreary homes "a tride hearty and soft'' for the day's or night's "divarsion." If you are a member of the over-wise and over-good class of the earth, help compel a change in the governmental infamy which .you would rptoudnre, hut which, through centuries, hss gradually wrought this texture of character, from hopeless conditions; for one oaly demonstrates his own bigotry aad ignorance when he feels scorn, or expresses condemnation, for customs of a people which practically attest the only nurr.an traits that can f 'irvive generations of heartless inhumanity. . Whatever trifle the tenant family may have for disposal on market or fair day, the entire family accompanies it. The old mountain-but of a cart is got out and eparingly greased the night before; the ragged donkey or illy kept horse, is given an extra portion of food an$ additional combing and fcrapinjr, that his old bones may gain new luster ; and long before daybreak, from mountain borenen and misthidden valley chattering groups begin moving toward the village. "The children dear" are "towed away aloneside the pigs, ducks, chickens or vegetables, for the common excitement has kept them awake all night; and now over the stoniest of Irish roads they are "fclapein' rings around their pwate pelves;" the youths may be trudging hopefully alongside; but the "oald woman" and '"ould man" are ever found lovingly humped together upon the only seat the cart affords, often agreeably exchanging puffs from the same comforting pipe. But step with me here beside the way near the town, and see the motley crew constantly augmented rti number from every by-way lane and intersecting road. What a queer, kindly lot thy are. Here are "the byes," edging along in concentric groups, settling questions of neighborhood moment in tremendous though friendly harangue and dispute. Every manner of cart drawn by every manner of animal, but chiefly by rebellions donkey?, and all piled with every manner of Irish produce and humans, clatter and rattle through the nisty morniny carta with ebeep bleating piteonsly, with jreese craning their zwecks ia viclously-hitsed interroga- ,

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tions; with goats and kids lamenting in pathetic aitos and trebles; with pigs springing on all-fours from side to side while snorting violent protest and surprise; and you will notice, as you must all over Ireland, that the Irish pig boasts a pink in color that vies with the most radiunt tlush of the rarest sea-shell. All along the way are old men, humped and severe, admitting and protesting in ethics and politics with other calm old men who argue, a priori, in the blandest and mo6t convincing tones. There are maidens, too, straight as a Croagh Patrick iir, glancing with those entrancing Irish eyes, smiling with those ruby Irish lips, and setting the lads wild with that most delicious of all rhodomontade, the lovable blarney of the musical Irish tongue ; while the great packages of 'yarn they carry without effort would break an American woman's back completely. Not far from them ever are the old, old women with braideen-cavered baskets on their backs. These contain a few cones of butter, a brace of fowls may be a dozen or so eggs, or any other product of the holding or their labor that may "bring a few pence the day;" but old or young, they are knitting away vigorously in time to step and gossip; and all still, old or young, with their shoes elung across their shoulders, or hidden in the baskets ; for they are saving then until the edge of the village is reached, where a brush from a wisp of dewy grass will make them shine from their late greasing, and their owners will walk proudly into the fair with their shapely feet hidden from the gaze of men, in broeans that 'Wu.l harm an lnulter, Or bate s deal table. With murtherin' power While their owners wor ahie'" It is catch-as-catch-can at an Irish market, or fair. The first upon the ground is bcßt served as to location. At the village market there is no attempt at system or arrangement; and the market-place itself is never a covered structure, but simply a large walled inclosure along the principal street, with gates like a castle, with walls of enormous bight and thickness as though attacks from battering-rams were apprehended, and usually it is surrounded, at least on three sides, by the quaintest structures, village home3, inns, groggories and shops, furnishing as picturesque scenes as the excited groups within the inclosure. From the niarket-gate3 there extend in every direction temporary avenues formed by carts ranged side by side with their backs to the way, and the constant crowds coming and going with the large numlers belonging to each cart, all entraged in heated arguments over values, make much good-natured squeezing and pushing a matter of necessit'. There are seldom inner inclosures. Cattle fare herded against the walls at one point; asses at another; pigs on foot, kept gently moving in circles by the skillful use of their drivers' long ash pikes, will be massed at another point; goats and sheep, both extraordinarily combative by the enforced,association, at still another; while all manner of lollipop eellers and bravevoiced market-amusement purveyors are huddled together in any extra space that may be found. For the first hour or two of the morning the sale of the small truck, such as butter, eggs, poultry and vegetables, proceeds merrily enough; but the attitude of buyer and seller of whole cart-loads of potatoes and of all animals, is amusing indeed. Bevies of buyers for the Dublin and London markets, men of cigantic stature with red, puffy faces and greatcoats hanging over top-boots to their heels, each carrying a whip of tremendous length, will saunter in, take a hasty run about the place, shrugging their shoulders as if nothing worth their attention had been seen, and finall' hastily depart. The while the Irish yeoman, with folded arms and nose in air expressive of fine scorn, bid them all a cheerful defiance in ludicrous attempts to appear unconscious of their presence. These double pretenses may proceed until noon with now and then a bargain struck on the sly; but the entire populace at the market are on the alert for the seductive wiles of the buyer, and protect each other valiently from being carried away for Heecing singly to the enticing groceries near. Toward noon buying is likely to begin in what might seem to a stranger as an alarming riot. The big traders will make an onslaught upon a willing subject. Bravely he apparently resists their efforts to bully or deceive bira. If by main strength he is taken from among his friends they will rally and sot upon the traders and rescue him. Some rough tussling may follow, but no one is alarmed at this-' It is" a way they have of impinging upon formality. The ice once broken, buying begins in earnest, and higher and higher rise shrill voices, often aided in pitch and intensity by John Barleycorn, who is ever the real master of ceremonies here, until one would think murder must follow the excited dickering. Buyers thrash the air with their whips, and pour fearful objurgations on the poor animals and their owners, while the latter, aided by their valiant wives, pay back the fierce blackguarding with rich interest. The "luck-penny," which goes with each single beast or group of animals sold, is shrieked over as though it were the value all the market holds. Babel has begun. The lesser sellers crowd around and "rise their voices" lugubriously. Every one has drank enough to be interested in everv other person's affairs. Sales are now rapidly made, "dirtying the bastes" sold, or rubbing mud on their haunches to so distinguish them, and driving them from the grounds creates constant commotion; cart-load of pigs are dumped, amid deafening porkers' 6hrieks from the farmers' carts into carts of the buyers, whose donkeys are pounded and rushed through the crowds vociferously ; an escaping hog drives through the forests of legs madly, often giving old ladies and young enforced aerial experiences amid shouts of laucrhter; the hurdygunlieB blare; candy-sellers roar ; pipersadd to the universal din ; the young people crowd the dancing spaces and beat the turf or improvised floors amid whoops and yells; and the whole place until the evening comes is a wild conglomerate of commotion, laughter, yelling and rude but good-natured enjoyment, which, for unrestrained heartiness and unrequalified decency, is something delicious and wonderful to behold. Irish literature is full of the Irish sfielelegh and broken heads. It is untrue of these people as 1 have seen them; for at over 150 fairs and marketday scenes I have visited, I never yet saw a human being harmed saved by whisky, and that was the "heartsome sthroke" they loved. I think that weddings among the Irish peasantry are a natural sequence of fairs and market days. Courting among the Irish has many drawbacks. It is absolutely unknown r.t mass, or with'n tho the solemn confines of any religious ceremony. There is still a queer old custom extant down in the south of county Kerry. It is called "shrafting," from Shrove or Fhraft Tuesday. All the marriageble girls and boys got together, clad in their most attractive attire, and "look each other over for the love there is in it." Fathers and mothers are near by to grimly adjust the terms of union if matches happen to be made on "fchraft dav," as many happy ones arc. Bnt as a rule the Irish peasant lad and lass relv on the more favorable conditions which the freedom, general excitement and good humor of market days provide. But the keen-eyed father and mother are never quite out of the way even there, and the moment the fires of love are lighted, the heads of the respective families hold solemn conclave to Children Cry for

arranee settlements all around. If this is not adjusted satisfactorily, that must be the end of that affair. H it is, there must be "a brave little av coortin'." Execution follows with wonderful rapidity in either case. The wedding itself must perforce be a humble affair, but none are too poor to provide some sort of a frolic for their friends. There will be plenty to eat, such as it is, and somehow there is "slatherin's to wash down joy." The dance, the wandering piper, the blind fiddler, and scores of couples aching to follow in the happy pair's footsteps "widout paddock, praties nor pig," are all features of the simple festivities. If the bridal couple be comfortably off, a rido in the jaunting cars about the country may be taken. When that cannot be" afforded, then a score or two couples will "convoy" them in a "march" full of fun and frolic about the townland roads, where from every wayside cabin cheers and "Grah go wid ye!" greet them from lips, eyes and hearts that knew the same blessings when their own lives were blossoming with love and hope. One naturally speaks of the Irish "wake" with feelings of hesitancy. Yet I think any kindly-hearted person should put aside their ignorant, or educated, prejudice regarding the Irish peasant', and endeavor to know the Irish thought, feeling and purpose behind the fact. That is a kood way to do about anything we mav not happen to like. Every priest in Ireland has thundered anathemas against the wake. The church has sought, in every possible manner, to exterminate the custom. But the Irish heart clings with stubborn tenacity to all customs which are the outgrowth of affectionate regard. Many believe the wake to be Irish, but it is of Greek origin; and similar customs to this day prevail in remote provincial parts of England. I have thought upon and visited wakes extendedly in Ireland; and while not defending them, my own notions are much changed. It is wrong to condemn the Irish as unfeeling for the occasional apparent irreverence of the wake. On the contrary, the reverse is true. The whole idea in the wake is to honor the dead and assist the mourners to overcome their grief. "Och, thin, it's a line berryin' :" or "Faith 'twas an illegant wake!" expresses the feelings of those who live for what the have set their hearts upon at death. They long for even this poor sign of their neighbors' regard, even if they should make a slip and not quite deserve it. They are also a wonderfully tender-hearted people, and gather in the house ot the dead exclusively with the sympathetic purpose and feejing of "rising the heart" of those who mourn. Bepulsive as this may seem to us unaccustomed to these scenes, there is still a human practicality and beneficence in the custom; and if the hna, or wailing for the dead, be now and then varied by a little jollity and courting, even that is the outcome of a natural law not altogether unforgivable or wholly to be condemned. For my own part I began looking into the matter of Irish wakes with a good deal of .American airiness and superiority ; but upon attending several some boyhood memories returned of where, in my own loved countryside region, very excclfent methodist, presbyterian and baptist folk, "watched" at the house of the dead, counting it no sin that among the young there was occasional mirth and often the first kindling of the fires of love; and somehow, for one, while not approving of the Irish wake any more than you, I have been so touched by the true manifestations of grief, and simple efforts to cheer those in dolor and misery, that I can not find it in my heart to wholly condemn what is prompted in the tenderest spirit of the sympathetic human heart. Edgar L. Wakemax.

STORIES OF DANIEL DREW. The Package of Fine-Cut lie Rent To a Member of the Legislature. Detroit Journal. The seats in the smoking compartments of the Lansing car the other morning were all filled and the air was odorous of cabbage leaves.and odoriferous of burning Havana tobacco. Each smoker had some stories to tell, and from the lot a few samples are are given below : "My first experience," said W. R. Bates, was in the New York legislature. I was a boy then and I held a clerkship in the document room. Those were the days when Daniel lrew was one of the princes of the state. One day Mr. Drew came into the room and said to me : " 'Boy, can you write ?' " "I said I could. "'Well, I want you to fill out these passes,' and he threw down a handful of the pasteboards, which I filled out according to his list, while ho slowly and laboriously put in the signature that made them good. When the work was done I said : "'Mr. Drew, you haven't got another of those passes, have you?' "He looked keenly at me a monent, and then said: ' "'Young man, you're learning your lesson earlv. What is vour name?' "I told him. " 'My secretary,' he continued, 'will bo here at noon and will bring you a pass.' "I supposed that Mr. Drew would forget all about the matter, but he didn't. I got the pass." "That reminds me of a little experience I had with .Mr. Drew," said Capt Joe Nicholson. "I had a cargo consigned to him with orders not to deliver it without taking Mr. Drew's personal receipt. When I went to get the paper he stepped up to sign it and I asked him to have some one identify him, as I had never seen him lefore, and I did not know how big a man he was. He readily complied, and then I applied for S-fK), as I had authority to do, to buy supplies. " 'Certainly, certainly,' he said, 'but first get Fome one to identify you.' "In vain I suggested that he had just given me a receipt as the captain of the vessel. That wouldn't do, and you can believe it took mo some time to find a person who knew both Daniel Drew and myself." "Well, sir," began Mr. Bates, promptly taking up the thread of the discourse, "Mr. Drew came into the document room one day and asked me if there was a bright young lad about. I called a sharp little chap. Mr. Drew pulled from his pocket a big roll of bills. He took a piece of tissue paper, such a? chewing tobacco was then rolled in. Then he wrapped the roll of bills neatly and twisted the ends until the package looked exactly like a roll of fine cut. He gave it to the boy, saying: "'You know Representative Blank?" The boy said he did. 'Well, you may go up pretty near him, and just as the man who is now speaking starts to sit down you give this fine cut to Representative Blank and tell him Daniel Drew sent it.' "The boy obeyed his instructions to the letter. Representative Blank pocketed the package, and when the honorable member had finished Mr. Blank arose and made a learned and eloquent speech against the bill. Mr. Drew listened with satisfaction, and then jrave the boy $10 and told him to keep quiet." Tarnln' Somerset. fHnrllncton Free Pre. Mrs. Dumpy ''tt here, Jobnny Dumpsey I Yoa hare been in swimming. Now, don't deny it." Johnny Damptey "Cross my heart, I hain't, mal" Mrs. Duropscy "Careful, air T Horn does yonr shirt happen to be oo wrong side outf Johnny Iumpt.ey "Me and Bill Brown ha bf en tarnin' somersets all the morning." Pitcher's Castorfs. iave

MID-SUMMER FARM TALKS.

SOME POINTS ON CROPS FORSOILING. About Planting Pumpkins Agriculture the Basis of Social Order Small Frnlts in Gardens Fruuing; Screens Farm Notes. Several crops commonly used for soiling, says the Country Gentleman, are biennial or perennial, and the perennials must be provided in the previous years, such, for instance, as winter rye, clover and orchard grass, for early soiling; while the annuals, including Indian corn, Hungarian grass, sorghum, and barley, are used the same year that they are sown. The time is now approaching when the annuals may be started for autumn feeding. Corn is, perhaps, the most valuable of all, on account of facility in sowing, certainty to come up, abundance of crop, and the ready succession which may be secured with large and small varieties, and a long continued succession in sowing. At the North it may be sown about the first of May, and good crops of green and succulent ßtalks have been obtained from seed sown in July, after the removal of early potatoes from the land, and it would doubtless do well following early sown and early cut barley. Barley has the valuable quality of enduring such frosts as kill corn and other tender plants; and on good soil two good crops may be grown and cut in a single season the first as early as the soil will admit, and the second early in August. Being cut for eoiline before the usual time for the ripening of the grain, the two periods required are reduced in length. Suwn in August, it will furnish green fodder late in autumn, after the late frosts have cut the crops of corn and sorghum. A larger amount of seed should be used than for a crop of the yrain. Winter rye, for spring Eoiling, should be sown early in autumn, and it may follow the later crops of potatoes. When the potatoes have left the ground clean and in good mellow condition, the rye may be sown without plowing and vith only a free use of the Acme harrow. For ripening the grain the next season, or for a littlelater soiling in spring, it may be sown any time during September or October. We briefly refer to these, various crops, to remind those who might otherwise overlook the time, of the various periods when annual crops for soiling may be put in, and also such biennials as winter rye for spring use. Corn may be planted at midsummer if seed of the early or small varieties are taken ; barley during the last half of summer, and rye throughout autumn. As a general rule, a larger amount of seed should be used than for the ripening of the grain. Practical farmers will make improvements or modifications of the course here suggested; our object is merely to call attention to the subject at the present time. Agriculture the Basis of Social Order. The followinc from the address at a Grangers' picnic in California is a tine illustration of the farmer's relations to social order and prosperity : "Agriculture lies at the base of social order and stability. One great distinction between civilized and savage men is the relation they sustain to the soil. The savage has no fixed abode. He makes no claims to the earth. He knows nothing of fee-simple deeds and leases. All he asks is a place to pitch his tent for a night, or during the hunting season. There can be no social organization, no law, no order, so long as men are. nomadic and unsettled. Agriculture attaches men to the soil, and this lays the corner-stone of the sociai fabric. It fixes them to some chosen spot they call home, and clothes it with sweet and tender memories and associations. There the stars sparkle more brightly, the flowers bloom more fragrantly, the fruits taste more deliciously. Every tree, nill, field and stream is daguerreotyped imperishably upon his soul. It is the fairest, dearest spot on earth to him. The garden, the orchard and the field represent more to him than the annual yield of fruit and grain. It is the home of his wife, the place where he has unfolded his heart-history, and written upon cradle, play-ground, school-house and rural graves the evangel of his love. You can easily see how, m ith this attachment to the soil, this love for a chosen spot you call home, becins the development of social stability and order." Pruning Screens. When screens and hedges are in a state of rapid growth, it will do to cut them back moderately at midsummer, especially if they are too tall and rampant, and the cutting back is done with a knife, shortening in irregularly the longest shoots or branches, and not shearing of to an even surface. A sheared screen has too still" an appearance. One cut back with a natural surface has not only a natural appearance, but its continuous growth is preserved. A screen of Usage orange will bear a moderate and irregular pruning in summer better than some other feebler growers, and will spring up sooner with a second growth ; and Norway spruce is less injured by cutting to a moderate extent than some other evergreens. But if the full vigor of j oung trees and screens is to be preserved, they must be pruned when in a dormant state, or else the protruding shoots are to be merely pinched back. Small Frnlts in Gardens. Small fruits can bo conveniently grown in a garden with but little loss of room. Currants, raspberries and gooseberries may be pianted near the fence, out of the way of the vegetables, and will thrive better in such locations than anywhere else. Strawberries may be grown in close rows, and will give a fair yield on a small space. A few grape vines can be allowed to trail along the fence, or on arbors, and even a few peach trees may be grown, but it is better to have no trees in a garden, as the trees will largely appropriate the plant food and shade the plants from the warmth of the sun. Planting Pumpkin. Pumpkins should not be planted in the corn rows until the corn has been thoroughly cultivated and th.e grass kept out. A pumpkin vino among the corn rows sometimes interferes with thorough cultivation and harbors weeds. It does not ray to grow pumpkins if done at the expense of injury to the corn crop, rumpkins may be planted among the corn, however, and with profit, if the ground is kept clean and no weeds allowed to seed. Farm Notes. It will ray to shake off a large proportion of the fruit from trees that are over-loaded. Contined damp weather is very unfavorable to sheep, especially if they hare no shelter. When youn? chicks come out this month ex amine them for lice, which come from the bens to the chicks. . Bnlls are very treacherous. It is usually the frentle bull that injures his keeper. Toe older they become the more dangerous they are. Wagons and carts that are need daily should hare the axles well creased at least three times a week. It lessens the work of the horses. Grass growing around peach trees will do the trees more injury than any other source of damage. The peach orchard requires thorough cultivation. July is the month when the melons, squash and encumbers will make quick and abundant growth. If the grass has been cleaned out it is best to disturb tha vines as litt! &i poüiLla

now, hut any weeds annearine amon; the vines

should be pulled out and thrown on the com post heap. The strawberry patch should be given a thorough cleaning of jrrass and weeds so as to allow the old plants to throw out runners and to give the runners a chance to root. Horses should have at least two hours' rest at noon. On very warm days horses suffer severely. They should be watered often, and at night should be swabbed and wiped dry. The hens will now begin to molt. Keep the hens that molt early, as they will lay in winter. Late pjllets will seldom lay before next spring, but pullets hatched not later than April should lay in November. Filthy quarters cause lice on all classes of stock, and at this season the vermin multiply very rapidly. An animal that is infested with vermin cannot be kept in good condition, even with the best of feeding. The only level, arable and fertile tract of farm I&nd without negroes in the Southern states is in Cullman county, Ala,, there being only fourteen neproes in a census population of 16,000. The territory includes 550 square miles. riant turnip peed. The ground is in excellent condition, being damp, and the seed should germinate quickly. As soon as the young plants throw out leaves scatter wood ashes along the row. Give the crop extra attention when the plants are young, and but little work will be required later on. A gain in one direction may sometimes entail a loss in some other quarter. The bountiful rains of this season have given the crops an excellent opportunity, especially corn, but rains also benefit weeds and increase the labor of cultivation. The work is necessary and should not be neglected, as it may entail greater labor next season. Sweet potato plants should now be spreading, and unless they are cultivated the task will be more difficult after the vines cover the ground. They should be hilled up in order to avoid heavy rains. It is not too late to replant the missing places if a handful of fertilizer be scattered around the plants that may be set out. The best time to use the cultivator is on warm, dry days. All weeds and grass will then be quickly killed by the sun, and will have no opportunity to take root and grow. If the ground is damp when it is cultivated the weeds and grass will not be entirely destroyed and the work may have to be done over again. The season has been damp for potatoes, but if seeded now a late crop may be put in, as July is usually a dry month, the fall rains beginning in August. Use plenty of fertilizer and make the rows deep and broad. The seed should be of the best, and some care should be exercised in cutting the seeü, so as to have strong sprouts, and good cultivation should be given. The windmill is an implement that costs very little compared with the advantages derived. Water pumped into a tank can be conducted to the barn-yard or to the pasture through pipes, thus savine the expense of pumps and the labor of pumping. Where there is no running water troughs can be arranged for Block and may be kept full without difficulty. Hies and other insects often cause the stock to lose tiesh, even when the best care is given. The small insects may give more trouble than the lareer, being more numerous. Horses should be protected with nets whenever possible, and the pens and stills should be kept clean. The hog-pen is a fruitful source of insects, and should be well littered with dry dirt to absorb all liquids. Cookluf Iteclpes. Beets Wash and boil till tender; remove the Ekin while hot, cut into thin slices and serve with pepper, salt and vinegar, or with a drawn butter sauce. Lettuce Wash each leaf separately, breaking them from the head; crisp in ice-water and serve the leaves whole, garnished with hardboiled eggs cut in slices. Egg Plant Peel, cut in thin slices, sprinkle with salt and let drain for an hour. Jip the slices in beaten egg, then in cracker dust and fry brown in a Utile butter. Molasses Cookies Two cups of molasses, one cup each of suaar and shortening, eight teaspoonfuls of hot water, one tablespoonful each of vinegar, soda and ginger, flour enough to roll. Bake in a quick oven. Black Cake One pound each of flour, butter, sugar and citron, cut fine; two pounds each of raisins and currants; twelve eggs, one tablespoonful each of nutmeg, cinnamon and mace: bake nearly four hours in a moderately-heated oven. Scrambled Eggs Rub ateaspoonfulof butter with a teaspoonful of Hour, and add to it one cup of boiling milk: into this put six beaten eggs; stir until thick, season and pour into a frying-pan in which has been put a tablespoonful ot butter. Stewed Onions Select small ones of the same size, skin and throw them into cold water. After an hour put on to boil; when half done drain and again cover with water; when tender ponr off' the water and add & cup of milk, a small piece of butter, pepper and salt. Macaroni Take half a pound of salt pork snd one large onion, both cut into small pieces, fry brown and add to them one dozen stewed tomatoes; let simmer together half an hour; break the macaroni in small pieces and boil till tender; drain and add to the tomatoes. Fig Cake Two cups of mgar, one cup of butter, whites of eight eggs, three and one-half cups of flour, three teaspoons of baking powder, one cup of sweet milk ; bake in jelly tins. For the filling take one-quarter of a pound of figs, seven tablespoons,! sugar, one-half-cup of water; boil till it forms a jelly. Baked Onions Select very large ones, boil half an hour, drain, push out the hearts, chopping them fine with a little bacon; add bread crumbs, pepper and salt and moisten with a little cream. Fill the onions, put into a dripping-pan with a very little water and bake until tender in a slow oven, basting often with melted butter. Lyonnaise Potatoes For one quart of cold potatoes cut in cubes, melt a lump of butter the size of a walnut in a pan, and when it boils add a small onion minced very fine. As soon as it colors a little put in the potatoes, and season with a half teaspoonful of salt and a saltspoonful of pepper. Let them brown lightly, stirring often, and serve very hot. Apple and ltice reel and core apples, being careful not to break them, put them in a deep baking dish, and pour over them a syrup made of a pound of sugar to a pint of water boiled till thick; put a small piece of lemon peel inside the apples and bake slowly until done, but not broken. Take out the lemon peel and put any kind of jelly or jam inside the apples, and between them put little heaps of well-cooked rice. Serve either hot or cold. Apple Snow Bake six good sized tart apples in a covered dish, with a little water in the bottom to prevent their burning, until they are so tender a straw can pierce them; take oft' the skins, scrape out the pulp, mix it with two (scant) cups of sugar and the juice and half the grated peel of one lemon : beat the whites of four eggs to a stiS froth and add to them bv degrees the apple; make a custard of the yolks of the eggs, a generous pint of milk and a half cup of sugar; when the custard is cold put it in a deep glass dish and heap the apple snow over it. Th Trystlns; Place. Ism waiting, darling, waiting At our trystlng place., Listening for thy footMeps, Watching for thy face. I have learned to know thy footfall From all the echoing throng, Its sound is full of music As thy voice is full of song. Who says I cha'l not love her. Shall not with burning kiss. Upon her tender ruby lips, sek more than heavenly bliss? She's romingnow, I know, I fel From my heart-throbs quirk'ningbeat. And my pulses thrill with a Joy intense, And the breath that I breaths grows sweet, O, laugh in the sunshine earth! Grow mellow and soft, O air! For there's coming to meet me now The queen of the pure and the fair. What She Thought. ruck. The Widow OTIara (in front of a marbleyard, in which there ia a fine granite monument.) "What is it, raly?" Mr. Shafts "That Madam, is a Scotch granite monument," The Widow O'Hara "Shure an Ol tho't it was saasige-mate in a glass case." As a rule, a person who ha a good appetite has good health. Itut how many there are who enjoy nothing tbey eat, and sit down to meals only as an unpleasant duty. Nature's antidotes for this condition ore so happily combined in Hood's Sarsaparilla that it soon reStores good digestion, creates an appetite, and renovates and vitalizes the blood so that the beneficial effect f good food is imparted to the whole body. Truly hungeris the best sauce, an! livui's ampariUa inducts hunter.

C v'-VjlvV v',1 V. wrr-'T'

for Infants Castorf is so well adapted to children that I recommend It as superior to any prescription known to me.- IL A. Aar-Hio. JI. D., Ill 80. Oxford St., Brooklyn, jf. y

CHRIST BEFORE'PILATE.

By MUNKACSY.

pHEcrlziml of tab p-cftir? H on' cf th jmn 1-rt pifntintrs that. h?s Ln given to the wTrM fa

The P"sed, isalem. representor: or t-;ps&r on tHe.ju I-TncLtt;-ono. the ri?ht f Pilate stands Ca ir '!. tho chief r,ccn

cene i. early mornhiz ia tho lYa-orimn t.r oi.i. i.U r.i !orc? of t';V Tinman iWrtlor at J-ru-n. In the centre cf the pvturo is t:i? f i-.re f f tl.i s.-ivir.vr.Trith i.w hmd. i. .

tnzlllZ FtcadfO-StlT OD th fire of A-n-r.l n:. 1 h SurA l.f-n (mu-J S -.1 t.,.

some frantic, other?? srwrer.tlv t.t mo.- iv m U i n-r tin!- p..n-inw ir. ,w

i y. i i.u uji4;ii-u ui is a ruiun ot i; lowest type, i Mioin:;; (nu"ify Him ! Cpjct Him!" On tiie loft of Pilitcsittwoei lers v.nt sr tue pro-editiTS wiru !v'n ii:-rst "lietwwi Christ and Caiapnas. sitting on a hncti. Isnr'th hanker Itolcms; on with cnmVrrptu'.tis curitr Perched on a hi;h stool by t)i eiJe of tho jui!inrnr at uu l rotir.j Lis lie.id airaint the waU is a 8cr.be who views the scene with an air of wt-nry indulcrer.ee. A knot of old m-n is seated in aa an;r!e of the room to the loft of tho backer. Thcyareappa'vriMparuin'j Christ's cl.iim that be in thfl prorr.isM Messiah. Conspicuously ra sed above th" hci1 of the crowd is se-u a voimr mother wi'h a boautiful face, holdins a chil l in her ann, and lookinsc at Jsiis with t-m1prnpa and compassion. Through th whole picture aro groups of figures and faces retlecti Lg the cünereiit emotion that acirrmts earh individual.

This pictnre has been on exhibit ion in the principe! eftips o Furop and America. It has bej ed r,y mi) lions of people, and lia-s crat-l umre e-ns t ;-n tln-ouchout the entire ciTj'ized worH a any other painting ever rrodiioerl. In the city of Nw York it wa on rthii,ihnn i

view than

months, and was Pcn bv ruvireus of tiieasatids of people. It was buld to Joha acamaker of Philadelphia, for in c&3.. , ' THE SENTINEL Has ordered a large number of these beautiful enjrravinjrs for its pubscribern, who can obtain them by paying a nominal sum to cover the cost of putting up and forwarding the picture. The engraving is readily fold at retail for SI, but we propo?e to ask an advance of little more than one-tenth of that amount over the rc-jrular subscription price for TIIE WEEKLY SENTINEL and the picture We will send the picture new subscribers, or old subscribers renewine their subscriptions, and THE WEEKLY SENTINEL one jear for SI. 13. This is only 15c to cover express charpes from New York, postage, wrapper, clerical work nnd other incidentals. The picture is piven tree. Remember, THE WEEKLY SENTINEL, ONE YEAR, WITH PICTURE, $1.15.

hubscribere now on our list can obtain BNTS. Remittance mav be made in one CENTS nominations can not be accepted Ad-lrcss MEDICINE For Weak stomacli Impaired

NsL h'v hcnI

SOLD BT AIX DRUGGISTS.

PRICE 25 QEmS

Prepared only by THOS.r.EKCIUX, St.Ueleiis,I.ancashire,EnzIan!. B. F. ALLEX & CO., Sole Agents TOK UilXIIO STATES, 3C3 Jt 3G7 CAAL ST., HEW YOH1X, Who (if your druggist does not keep them) will mail Beecham's Pills on receipt of price but inquire first. (Please mention this paper.)

HAY FEVER CATARRH Is an inflamed condition of the lining membrane of the nostril, tear-ducti nd throat. The acrid discharge 1 accompanied with a Imming tmnsalinn. Thre are severe auift of sneezing, frvuent attacks or hfMlaeho, watery and inflamed eyes. Trr the Cure, ELY'S Cream Balm hay-fever A particle Is applied Into each noairil and U agreeable, frlo SO oenta at lruraUA ; br mail, regiiterod, 60 cent. ELY UKuIUUKi, M Warren street, Saw York. GRATEFUL COMFORTING. EPPS'S COCOA. BREAKFAST. "Ft a thorough knonledi of the natural laws which f)Tern the operations of diction and nutrition, and bT a careful application of tiio fine properties of well-selected Cocoa, Mr. tpps has proidöl cur breakfast table with a delicately Darore 1 hererage which may sare us many hcary doctors' bills. U is bT the judicious use of such articles of dlt that a constitution may be gradually built uo until rtrou enough to resist erery tendency to disrate. U tinareas oi suuwe maiaaies are noaung around im reaiy to attack whereTer there is a weak point. We msy escape many a fatal shaft by keeping ourelTes wall fortified with pure blood and a properly nourUhei frame." Civil ÖorTic Gazette. Made slraply with boilinr water or milk. Soli Only in half-pound tins, by Grocer, la Hp Hud thus' JAMfcS m'l'Ö X CO., liomosopHihic Ui.-miiij, Lonloa. t-nglanA Notice to Creditors. CIRCUIT COURT, Eau Clairje Coi NTY, Wim OSljr. In the matter of Jam-s Adam, by uoni a petition fnr tho discharge trim hi d-bt, wndfr CMapter 179 of the Kvivd Statute! ol ' Wi-cninin an I Act amendatory thereof, wat niadfl on the 1 ,th day of May. A. I., 1M;. Notice is hereby giTen that In pursuance of an order of the Circuit Court of Kau Caire county, Wiconjin, made on the day a(rc:iid, all cred tors of the iid .Tames Atlanta are required to ahow cause, if any they haTe, before the said Circuit Court at the court-house in said eotir.ty of Kan Claire at a Kotier! term thereof to be held on the'd dy of heptt-nilH-r, 19, at 9 o'clock In the forenoon of ' that day, or a soon th-reaiter as counel rnn be he.ir I, hy jid James Adams xhould not I adj'.ytrcd to Itean inolent debtor within the purview ol Chapter K'.i of the KeTiaed Matutei of Woonfin. and hr an asiiiiiin nt of Ihe eMate of such insolTnrit debtor ihould not be made, and why he should not be. rlioc Larked from his debta, and such other and further order should not be made as shall le Jut in tl pr.tnic.v May 17, A. 1. lsy. JA MKS I'OK.LA.S li-10t Attorney for said Petitioner. sVawJ r-.sx sm fjp-iv. h-

829V fs -vw r t pswsiu k,

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and Children. Castorf enr-g Co!'e, Cons!patfB. Pour fctomach, liarrhcea, fcructation. , Kills Worms, gives sleep, ui promote SS? pestion. Without injurious medication. , Thb Centicr Coxpaxv, 77 Murray Street, Ü. TV 3 lid is in- d. :;;! enl U rr-a!v rerplex-d Oa - .r of CärKt. The tire pr.-s-W forward in tbe the picture by fendin? us TWENTY-FIVE or two-cent pVwt.itre stamps, but larger de 111 ki L.MI.NLL, Indianapolis. )fV i---J m intra m Digsslion Disorrisred Liver. PER BOX. Wimm tf"COU-VID W, TH THE C0OPHY OF THE CCJKT WH CETAIN MUCH ISFOSMATIOX FHOM A CTUCVOF THIS NAP OF Tu GREAT ROCK ISLAND ROUTE (C, R. I. & P. and C, K. & N. Rts.) West. North wert and Southwest It tnelud CEICAOO, JOLIFT. HOCK ISLAND. DAVElA PORT. EES MOrNT8, COVNCIL BLUTF8. WA TEKTOWN, SIOUX FAXLS. MINNEAPOLIS, fer. PACT,. 6T. JOSEPH. ATCHISON, LKAVTNiVTOr.TTI. KANSAS CITY, TOPEKA. COLORADO BPKIK&S, DENVER, PP-BLO, and hundred of prosperous cities and towna traversing- vaat axe&a cf tho richest farming lauds in the west SOLID YESTIBULE EXPRESS TRAINS IO adln ell competitors In rlendor end luxcrw Cf nccoomod.-itioiis (rtaily between CHICAGO ar.-t COLORADO BPKIN03. DENVER and PTJ BLO. 6iinilnr mafrnificent Vl-STIBtLE TRAPS pprriro (duilr) between CHICAGO end COTTNCH BLUFFS (Ü7IAUAI, and between CHICAGO end KAN3A3 CITT. Modern Day Coacoes, elesnmt Diaiiijr Cars (sorrtrt; delicious meals et modern pricc3. restful Kecluiia Chair Cars feeats FKE wi1 Pr.l-vca Slceri"? Cor. The direct line ta NrLSON-, IIOKTON. ITUTCimSOK, WTCHTTA. AEILNE, CALDWELL, ecd all points in Boutb em licbrask-i. Kansas, Colorado, the Indian Ter ritor7 end Texas. California Excursions daily. Cboico of routes to tho f aeiüc coast. Tho Famous Albert Lea Routo Runs eup-rbly eQ j'pped Express Trains, daily, hotweea CliicaPD. BU Joee J h, Atchison, Leaven worth, Kansas City, and MiCDcapo!; and P Paul. Tho popular tourist line to the scenic raaorte end hunt.ps? and hehir.ff (rounds cf the north weft. Its WatcrtoTvm and Bioux I'olie branch tniTereee tho rrat "WHEAT AKD DAXKT BELT" 4 Xiorthcml3wa, Southwestern hluxoeectaaad East Central Dakota. The Chart Line via Eeneca tnd Kankakeo offer facilities t? trr.vcl to a:id from Indianapolis. Cin t tmati and other Southern points. ForTkliets, ITaps, Eoldors. or dmrd Informs ticn. apply at any Coupon Ticket CCice, or addreei E.ST. JOHN, CA. HOLBROOK. Oenl X&anafrer. 0nl TVt. As Pass. Act. Chicago, nx. 'A SOLID' S?TEEL FENCE-! wws c 13 Ct8. per FOOt, wsterlal t feet srlda. A4ti m Res!l4ncs, Churches, Cemeteries , Farms, Carotene. o. AH iKKxtiriB K"". iM. Arhom, Vmilm CSavrda, Treliioea. etc., write lor ur ilium, pnoe liM.maiivd lme THE NEWEST THING AND THE BEST, fcatnlliMsM IrUKa. I I. W. FtMl44 BtalCa Pittsburgh I CMoago. St. Locls Exiasdfd Jlctsl Co., 1C Loafs,

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