Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 December 1895 — Page 4

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 28, 1895.'

THK DAILY JOURNAL SATURDAY, DEC EM HER 28. ISOo. Wiiticxlca Oiflec 1410 Pennsylvania Avenue Telephone Coll. Ban Utim 05 v. 23M Editorial Koom A M T CIIUS OP SLUSCIUPTIOX. laily vr MAIL. parly only, cue month $ .70 Itolly only, three months too Imlly only. on year. ................... 0.00 Dailr, including Sunlay, one year 10.00 tsubUay oulj, oce year. lov whu mniKHCD vr Aunn Pally, per we a, by carrier....... 15ct Fandajr, tlDple ropy 5 ct Lail) ana bunUajr, per week, by carrier 10 cu WKKKLT. Teryear. $1.00 Reduced Rate to Club. Subscribe with any oi our uumerou agent or send lubsrrlptloDii to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, Indianapolis, Ind. PrrsotM sending the Journal through the malls In the lulled Mate shouM pat on an eight-page paper a 09K-CC9T postage stamp; on a twthe or lxteen-paga rarer a two-ckst postage Mats p. 1 orelgn postage 14 baually double these rale. f7AI2 com roun kat lona intended for publication In this paper rount. la ortier to rrrrlre attention, be acccrnj anled by the name and til.lrtM of the writer. TUB INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL. Can be found at the following pla?e FA HIS American Jixchauge la i'arU, M Itoulerard de Capacities. JiEW YoiiK eJCiy House, Windsor Hotel and Astor llonte. CHICAGO Palmer rfone. Aodltorlam Hotel and P. o. hew Cv l ACami fetreet. CINCINNATI J. K. Haw ley A Co.. 154 Tine street. LOUISVILLE C T. Deerlnjr, northwest corner of Third and Jefferson (is., aud LouuvlUe Hook Co., X Fourth ave. ST. LOUIS Union Sews Company, Union Depot.

Washington, d. a itinr limine, Ehbitt House, v Ward a Hotel and the W hlnctou Newe Lxchauge, 14th street, bet. Pens. are. and r ttrecL WARNING AGAINST A FRAUD. A man, caning himself F. E. Taylor and other aliases, Is traveling about in the gas belt, representing himself as a general agent of the Journal and collecting money for subscriptions from unsuspecting persons. He is a fraud end unworthy of any confidence. The description given of him is that lie is about five feet four inches in height, weighs about 135 pounds, is smooth shaven, except a close-cropped, gray mustache, wears a cutaway coat and soft hat, and looks to be about fifty years of age. All persons are warned not to pay money for the Journal to him, or any one else, unless at Their own risk. The only traveling agent the Journal has, who is authorized to collect money, is Mr. William Smith King, and he carries credentials that are unmistakable. Spain has nothing to fear from the Monroe doctrine. There Is no Immediate danger of her extending her American Dossessions. As long as the Russian bear is Intently watching "the situation in the East the British Hon would better avoid new complications In the West. The House has made a revenue tariff of the woolen schedule of the Gorman tariff law by Increasing the duties and making them a compound of specific and ad valorem. If the President counted upon the nonaction of the House after his panic message as an excuse for another trade with the syndicate of foreign bankers, he now knows how a boomerang works. Evidently a few men new to the House desire to get their speeches Into the Congressional Record on the bond question. It will delay the passage of the bill a little, but the session is young. During the discussion of the emergency revenue bill in the House, Representative Turner, of Virginia, referred to Secretary Carlisle as "the greatest Secretary of the Treasury since the days of Alexander Hamilton." And the report dees not say that the House roared. Mr. Cleveland ought to know that he could not get twenty votes from his party in the House, and not half as many In the Senate, for his gold bond, greenback retirement scheme. A decided majority of his own party in Congress stands on the financial platform of the Topullsts. "While It is probably true that the greenbacks should be retired ultimately, it should not be done until the conditions are favorable, nor without making some arrangement to prevent a contraction of the currency. The present time and conditions certainly are not favorable, and It would be neither good politics nor good financiering to attempt it. . There are two classes of men in "Wall street, One class, the presidents of the associated banks, met last Saturday night and resolved that no solvent investor should be swept Into the gamblers whirlpool and there wrecked for the lack of the' anchor of credit. They were the same men who broke the panic 'of the frightened depositors in July, 1S33, by issuing clearing-house certificates. The report of the committee appointed by the Teachers Association to draft bills and urge legislation on educational matters fully Justifies the appointment of the committee, and should Insure its continuance. While not all of the measures recommended by the committee Tvere passed by the last Legislature, come valuable ones did pass, and this partial success should encourage future efforts. The teachers and county superintendents of the State understand its educational needs better than any other class, and their recommendations are always likely to receive favorable consideration from the Legislature. One Is pleased to know that a professor la economics has discovered that Secre tary Carlisle is mistaken that what he needs Is more revenue. The average person who knows the four fundamental rules of arithmetic and has learned from experience, and usually sad experience. Is aware that one cannot pay $1.15 of obligations out of a one-dollar bill or a standard silver dollar. Even the pious inscription "In God we trust" on the disc of the big dollar does not help the matter. The one dollar, gold, sliver or paper, will only pay a dollar's obllga tlons. Still, the President. Mr. Carlisle, LXr. Crisp and others have not mastered that simplest lesson of common expe rience. Foreign dispatches say that Lord Callsbury Is negotiating with France, Epaln and Holland, as owners of Amer Iczn colonies, to form an alliance to protect their American possessions Rnlnst the United States. This Is probably un true, because plainly ridiculous. Lord Taiisbury knows as well as ; anybody that no European possession on this con tinent la in the least danger from the T'!lcd Ctatea except in so far as the

moral example and influence of a successful republic may be dangerous. If

Lord Salisbury should attempt to form an alliance of 1 European governments against the enforcement of the Monroe doctrine it would be equivalent to a confession that they contemplate or desire an extension of their American possessions. It would be an edifying spec tacle to pee England at the head of an alliance to overthrow a doctrine which she herself was largely instrumental in calling Into existence. WUAT DOES THK PRESIDENT MB AS? If there is truth in the report that the President ha3 already made arrangements with the same bankers who took his last loan to take another, he has been trifling with Congress and the coun try. On Friday of last week he issued a panicky message calling upon Con gress not to adjourn until it had provided for the maintenance of the public credit. He suggested the issue of gold bonds adequate to the redemption of all the greenbacks and treasury notes outstanding, to the end that they may be destroyed. The House promptly responded to the President's urgent request; it could not, in its Judgment, yield to his demand, but it gave assurance that it would promptly pass such measures as In Its opinion would relieve the treasury, fortify the reserve, and at the same time put the treasury notes where they could not be used to deplete the reserve in order to obtain its gold for export. Almost simultaneously with the Issue of the President's remarkable message, Mr. Morgan, who represents the syndicate to which the last bonds were sold, was reported as being in conference with Mr. Cleveland, presumably with a view to the negotiation of another issue of bonds, as it is now stated by one of the bankers' newspapers that a new loan will be announced within a brief period, and that it will be negotiated by the same syndicate. The report of the New York Evening Post may not be true, but, if it Is, the President has placed himself in a very unenviable attitude before the country. What did he intend by that message? Did he assume that the House would not act promptly and that Its neglect to heed his warning would afford him apretext for the Issue of th,e bonds to the syndicate and make, him a defense? The bonds which he will Issue, if the report is true, will be coin bonds bearing 4 per cent., standing, so far as their redemption is concerned, on the same footing as the 3 per cents, which the House bill provides. The last issue of bonds was quoted Thursday at 116 to 117. If 4 per cent, coin bonds bring that price, may not a 3 per cent, coin bond be sold at par, and would not the certificates designed to afford immediate relief for the treasury be sure to be taken at par in exchange for greenbacks or other legaltender money? What does Mr. Cleveland mean If it is true that he has arranged for another sale of bonds at 4 per cent, to the foreign syndicate? The publication of the Indiana bulletin of charities and corrections affords information regarding the management of the State's institutions which come under these heads. The Issue for the quarter ending wltft this month presents many interesting facts regarding these institutions and those who are in them. Beginning with the fiscal year 1S91, the amount of money expended for the maintenance of these institutions was: 1831, $1,104,063.86; 1892, $1,073,768.12; 18D3, $1,0S6.733.41; 1894. $1,120,289.73; 1893. $1,151,741.33. During these years the total population of the State institutions was 5,790 In 1891, 5.952 in 1892, 6,117 in 1893, 6.473 In 1S94. and 6,710 In 1S95. The most deplorable thing about these figures is that the population of the' charitable and penal institutions of Indiana has increased 920 In five years, which is 13.9 per cent., while the total increase of the cost of maintenance is 4.3 per cent. Each year the cost of maintenance per inmate has declined, from $190.63 in 1891 to $171.64 In 1S93. In all the institutions the cost of maintenance has been reduced in the five years except in the Woman's Reformatory, where the cost was $200.70 per capita in 1891 and $217.19 in 1895, and in the School for the Deaf, in which the per capita cost has risen from $212.56 to $226.80. In one of the papers read before the Teachers Association, yeatercay, it was stated that experiments of injecting the blood of a fatigued dog Into a fresh dog showed that fatigue was produced in the fresh dog, and from this It was concluded that fatigue had an effect on the blood. The argument seems lame. It is probable the injection of the blood of a fresh dog into another fresh one would have the same effect as the injection of the blood of a fatigued dog, the fatiguing or stupefying effect being due to the artificial Increase in the volume of circulation rather than to its character. The theory that fatigue has its seat in the blood savors too much of t'ie theory that sin is pink in color to be practical. Pure blood is an essential of health, but the blood of a tired person may be Just as pure as that of a fresh one. The muscles tire more than the blood. In taking Issue with the author of the paper on this point It is not intended to criticise other parts of the paper, which contained some excellent ideas. If the committee on public buildings of the House would send a subcommittee to this city to Inquire Into the needs of this community for a public building there can be no doubt that, acting upon the policy announced by Chairman Milliken, of that committee, it would report In favor of an appropriation. The country will be searched in vain for a city the size of Indianapolis which is the center of so much federal business, which has such utterly Inadequate public buildings. It is safe to say that in no city in the land of 20,000 are" those who purchase postage stamps compelled to go out of doors into another building to mall letters. In no other city, it may be added, are Btrangers compelled to inquire, when la the building where stamps are sold, where they can mail their letters. Ferhaps the word correlation was a trifle overworked by the teachers yesterday. There was one raper on "Correlation of Activities," auother on "Correlation as Interrelation of Subjects," and a third on "Correlation of the Institutions of Society." The papers were all good.; but som of them came dangerously near the deep waters of metaphysics. We suggest as a practical subject for next year, "Correlation of subjective and introspective analyses on eso

teric lines, with the . defferentlatlon of objective applications for exoteric purposes." E. M. it., Brazil: All who served in the Confederate army were prohibited from serving in the army or navy, whether officers cr privates. Consequently, the Senate LIU simply repeals the law which prevents ex-Confederates from entering the military service. Hyuarus: Gocd authority gives the pronunciation "as "Padaxefsky" or "Padarevsky," the letter "w" in the Polish language, as in the German, having a sound which may be described as a combination of T and "v".

Ill BULES IN TUB AIR. Dlnlnfr-Room DlMcaanlun. "My," said the waiter; "this tablecloth ! getting awfully ragged." The table groaned and remarked sulkily, "You needn't lay it on me, if It is." Clt rla t mil m Clours. Mrs. Watts I see that the Cuban revolutionists are within twenty or thirty miles of Havana now. Mr. Watts That Is a heap closer than these cigars ever were. His Uadxe. Weary Watklns Say, is that there a society button that thing you are wearin on your coat? Dismal Dawson Naw. It's the stopper out of a whole bottle of beer I owned at one time some years ago. Slmllur Case. Yabsley I saw another one of those stories about a man losing his watch and not finding It for two years, and when he did find It, It was still running. Mudge Well, I know " I found an old tailor's bill I had mislaid seven years ago, and it wa3 still running. REVIEWED BY A NATURALIST. Amos XV. Butler's Paper on the Chances In the State. j President A. W. Butler called the Indiana Academy of Science to order yesterday morning at 9 o'clock. The morning session was devoted to transaction of business and the election of persons to membership. The programme was taken up as announced, C. E. Newlln opening the programme with a discussion of "Unconscious Mental Cerebration." Dr. Guldo Bell presented a paper on "Human Physiology in its Relation to Biology.", Dr. D. W. Dennis discussed mean3 of preventing hog cholera, which demonstrated that the disease is largely controlled and prevented by giving animals for drink only boiled or sterilized water. Part of the studies and observations made in preparing the paper were by Dr. Dennis in Hamburg, Germany, where much attention has been given to the subject. B. M. Davis next described the work 'done at the Hopkins seaside laboratory, at Pacific Grove, Cal. Geological subjects were next taken up as follows: "Glacial and Eollan Sands of the Tippecanoe River." "Recent Earthquakes East of the Rocky Mountains," by A. H. lurdue; "Some Minor Processes of Erosion." "Kettle Holes at Maxlnkuckee," J. T. Scoville; "Relief Map of Arkansas." John F. Newsom; "Collection of the Fauna of the Black Shales of Bartholomew and Jackson Counties," V. T. Masters. This work occupied all the time till noon, after which the academy met in two sectionsbiological and physlo-chemlcal, in which technical papers of these characters were discussed. In the evening the academy assembled again in general session, before which was given by request a poem by W. W. I'frimmer on "The Naturalist." In which was portrayed the view and opinions of the collector of natural history specimens. The retiring president, A. W. Butler, gave his address on "Indiana: A Century of. Changes in the Aspects of Nature." The address began with a portrayal of Indiana at the time it was first visited by men . of . the white race with its dense forests of magnlflclent trees, its prairies and swamps, with the wild animals and strange birds that Inhabited it, of the Indians who roamed over it. It gave an account of the first settlement of the State and the impressions of these wild surroundings from the early pioneers. It told the story of the clearing away of the forests and the draining of the swamps with its effect upon the drying up of the streams and the destruction of animal life therein, of the destruction of the vast herds of bison which formerlyroamed over the State, an account of their old highway on the prairies of Illinois across the Wabash beiow Vlncennes to the barrens of Kentucky. The former abundance of elk, deer, bear, wolves and other wild animals was noted, and an account was given of the Immense numbers of wild pigeons and of the abundance of the characteristic paroquet, quails, pheasants and water fowl. The effect was shown of the clearing away of the forests and of the persecutions of the pioneer upon the extinction of some of these animals and almost total destruction of others; upon the change In the character of the vegetation of the State and of the animal life in its streams and lakes. The wild pigeons have-been almost entirely exterminated not only in Indiana, but in the United States and the paroquets, which formerly ranged from the great lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and from Texas to New York, are perhaps now only found In a few Isolated localities In the peninsula of Florida. The hog was mentioned as a great factor in the destruction of iKjisonous snakes. The removal of the original vegetation was followed by the absence milk sickness, and many favors characteilstlc of a new country. Birds and animal from the prairies came and occupied the newlyopened land and frequented the orchards and meadows in Increasing numbers as the land was prepared for them. Man not only made the wilderness to blossom as the rose and gathered fruits and flowers from all the world to minister to his necessities and enjoyment, but also sowed with the grain the tares and planted with his orchards the blight. Canada thistles, wire-grass, plantain and prickly lettuce occupied the ground, fruit bliRhtf, smuts, rusts and black knots began to Infest his fruit trees and flowers. Cabbage worms, clover Insects, . Colorado potato beetle and chinch buss contested with him the right for the crops he had planted. Birds and other animals changed their food and habits in many instances In accordance with the new conditions. Changes still continue. Those to come may be of more moment for human weal or woe than those of the past, but none will be so vast and Impressive ns have been those of the century Just closinsr. A telegram of greeting and congratulation was r??elve.l and read at the meeting from the Ohio Academy of Science now in session at Cincinnati. To-morrow the academy will meet In general session at 9 o'clock in the rooms of the State Board of Agriculture. The election of officers for JKW will occur and after the transaction of other business scientific papers will 'be taken up. The discussion of the work of the State biological survey, which is being mde bv the academy, will be a special order of business. COMMERCIAL TR4VELERS DANCE. Larf?e Number of Ont-of-Town Guesta To-Dny's Meeting. The annual dance of the Commercial Travelers' Association took place at Tomllnson Hall last night. The event was In the nature of a complimentary ball to the delegates who will attend the annual convention of the association at the Board of Trade to-day. The "drummers" were there from all over the State, and brought with them their wives and daughters. Roses and , attractive toilets and pretty faces were everywhere. The committee having the entertainment In charge issued about five hundred Invitations to traveling men, nnd a large number of those receiving invitations responded. The grand march, at 9 o'clock, was led by Mayor and Mrs. Tangart. The dancing began Immediately after the grand march, and continued until after mldnlcht. Cameron's orchestra furnished music. Tables were spread on the stage, and refreshments served throughout the evening. Among the out-of-town guests were the following: T. A. IHan and wife, of Chicago; Isco Pottlltzer and Ralph Clark, of I-afayette: V. N. Griffith. C. It. Duflln, A. C. Major and wife, Chris Miller, Miss Catherine Hopewell. Miss Rose Griffith and Charles F. Wood, of Terr Haute; Gustave Sch'.ndler. Gustave Weyland, Ezra Lyon, C W. Scheverdt. A. I FUckner and J. U Knauss, of Kvarsvllle; F. U Shindler, of Muncle; A. L. Bowman, of New Castle; Harmon Meyer, of Richmond; Robert W. Wilson, of Crawfordsvllle. and Philip Smith, of Cincinnati. The association will hold its buslneps meeting at the Board of Trade hall this morning.

A TWO PER CENT. BOND

DOARD OP C03IMERCE SUGGESTS A FOri'LAR NATIONAL LOA Monroe Doctrine 3Inst Re Observed Venezuelan nnd Cuban Resolution Strong Addresses. The Indiana Board of Commerce yesterday afternoon adopted a number of important resolutions, one of which concerns the financial questions that occupy sd much thought at present in the public mind, and the other was an Indorsement of a firm stand in behalf of the Monroe doctrine. The committee that prepared the resolutions consisted of William Fortune, chairman, Justus C. Adams. Daniel M. Ransdell, G. W. Smith, A. C. Rosencranz, M. J. Clavey. The board expressed Itself In favor of a national issue of long-time, low interest-bearing bonds in the following resolution: "Resolved, That it is the sense of the Indiana State Board of Commerce that Congress should provide for the isaua and sale to the people of the United States of a popular 2-per-cent., small denomination, bond, exempted from taxation, running from ten to twenty years, payable thereafter at the option of the government In coin. Issuing the same In sulficient quantity to take the place of greer tacks and silver certificates on which gold is now being drawn from the treasury; that if such opportunity is given to the people within ten or twenty years at. furthest, they will become the holders of the principal, part of the bonds of the government as they now are in France and Germany." On the subject of the Venezuelan trouble the following was unanimously adopted: "Resolved, by the Indiana State Board of Commerce. That we hope for a rightful settlement in a peaceable way of the contentions between the United States and Great Britain, growing out of a controversy over the Venezuelan boundary, affecting American principles, and we believe that the r.rjiu nf an ml rni; t flense of right In adjusting pending differences will permit no disturbance or inenoiy reiauons wiweeu these two great countries. While we entertain this view of the situation It is the sense of this board.' representing the united commercial bodies of Indiana, that we most earnestly Indorse the demand for impartial determination of the rightfulness of Great Britain's claims and that we support the utmost resistance to encroachments upon American territory conflicting with the Monroe doctrine, which we believe should be firmly upheld by our government." Sympathy for Cuba in her efforts to throw off a monarchical form 'of government was also expressed in the following: - "Resolved by the Indiana State Board of Commerce that we sympathize with the people of Cuba in their struggle for Independence end hope that .they may succeed in establishing In their country American principle of government." Upon motion, the secretary was directed to forward copies of the foregoing resolutions, together with that referring to the erection of a new federal building, to the Indiana members of Congress and the Senate, with the request that appropriate action be taken thereon.Another resolution adopted expressed the sentiment of the Stato Board of Commerce that the bill Introduced by Senator Turpie in the United States Senate, and by Representative Henry, in the House, providing for the erection of a new federal building in Indianapolis, should be passed during the present session of Congress. Like approval was given to another, providing that the committee on organization be instructed to prepare and present to the business men of the cities and towns of the State a number of reasons why they should organize boards of trade, chambers of commerce, commercial clubs, etc.; and in order to facilitate the organization of such associations, furnish them with copies of approved constitutions and by-laws. A resolution was also adopted stating it to be the sense of the board that provision should be made for the publication by the. Indiana Bureau of Statistics of printed matter briefly setting forth important facts as to the advantages of Indiana for liberal circulation among .capitalists, investment companies and Interested people throughout the world. This resolution was referred to the committee, with Instructions to present the same to the Governor with a recommendation that he call the attention of the Legislature to the rubjtrt in his next annual message. It was also resolved that the different organizations represented In the board be requested to take active Interest in carrying forward the work of reformation and in securing the support of the State press in pointing out existing evils in laws governing municipal form of government and that. the next Legislature be requested to enact, a le w providing for the appointment of a' commission to consider the whole subject, prepare appropriate legislation and present It to the succeeding Legislature. , It was also resolved that the board heartily Indorses the proposed Indiana cen1 ti i.kMfinn i7 ioiW the resolution It 11 inti i win u i ."v.., 'embodying the suggestion that the plans therefor be Riven orcau scoie, nnu nui me Legislature be urged to give unstinted support to plans for a celebration which will give to every citizen1 cause for pride In the greatne? of Indiana. Provision was aNo made in the' resolution for the rdpolntment of a standing committee on the centennial, with Instructions to present the subject to the constituent bodies of the board, with the request that such bodies give active support to the project. The report of th committee on by-laws was submitted and adopted. The report embraced some changes In. the articles of association, and removed some features that were considered restrictive to accession of members. Following the adoption of the report came the annual election of olflcers. as follows:-Presldent-R B. Martlndnle, city. Vice President James H. Crozler, of Madison. ... ,, ,t Secretary Evans Woollen, city. THE MORMXG SESSION'. Municipal Improvements. Torrens I,n ml System and Other Topics. At the beginning of the second day's session of the annual meeting of the Indiana State Board of Commerce the assembly room of the Commercial Club was well filled with delegates from commercial bodies throughout the State, the attendance being much larger than at : the opening sessions Thursday. Further reports from committees were heard. Georgo W. Sloan, chairman of the committee on. mercantile interests, reported renditions to be fair. Although the hay and wheat crops had been small, the fruit and corn crops wero unusually good. Failures reported have not been above normal, and collections have been fair. Business" has bcea more extensive in the aggregate, but as a result of increased competition, profits have been smaller. This Is declared to be a natural condition when competition is enhanced, and corporations are satisfied with 6 or 8 per cent, profits. In line with Mr. 'Mason's suggestions at the preliminary meeting, the committee on municipal affairs recommended that the board actively carry on the work of municipal reform, ilrst. by securing amendments to the laws governing municipal corporations, correcting the grave defects existing in those governing towns and cities, as well as counties and school and civil townships. Except in the cities of Indianapolis, Evansville and Fort Wayne, the committee said, no attempts have been made to reform laws. Many reiorms that have been successfully tried In other place have not leea attempted In this State. Tho committee recommended that the board use its inlluence to secure the pasape of a bill by the next Legislature providing for the appointment of a commission to examine existing laws and report to the succeeding Legislature such amendments and new laws as ought to be embodied in the statutes of the State. It was suggested that the aid of the press iw Kouirht to nolnt out existing evils in laws governing township trustees, county com-1 mls.'ionera. cities anu towns, a rtsuiuiion conveying the board' thanks to the Commercial Club for courtesies and hospitality extended was unanImou?ly adopted. E. I Cothrcll, of Evansville. read the first paper. His subject was "The Physical Improvement of Cities." He touched lightly upon the' subject of needed Improvements In tho way 6f scientifically constructed sewer system, after which he parsed to the. discussion of streets, boulevards and parks. There Is r.o vail J excuse, he thought, for any public-spirited citizen to oppose the physical development of cities, as the results obtained were remunerative. COMPLIMENTS TO THE CITY. "The heme question," said he. "Is often the paramount one with the manufacturer, and the inviting and pleasant city Is the one that gets his family and those of hla work

men. . Cities are great magnets, the stronger, the greater the result. The powers tf these magnets Is amply illustrated in 'our own State by the beautiful city of Indianapolls. Its attractive force U felt, not only all over the State, but all over the United States. There is not a city or town ia the State of Indiana which cannot attest the power of this magnet by the loss of some or its best citizens, and the people of this city are preparing to further develop it by including In Its physical Improvement a grand system of parks and boulevards." A general discussion of the paper followed, in which Mayor Hawkins, of Evansville; E. B. Martindale, of this city, and II. G. Thayer, of Plymouth, took part. They commended in strongest terms the Ideas advanced by Mr. Cothrell, and added some valuable suggestions. Professor J. D. Jenks, of Ithaca. N. Y., president of the White School of History and Political Science, at Cornell University, next read a paper on "The Torrens System o Land Transfer." In part, he said: "The sytem of land transfer adopted by Illinois last spring marks a revolution in our American methods, though a similar system has been in use on the continent of Europe for centuries. It was, however, much Improved - and made applicable to laws like our own in Australia in 186MS70. and is now in use in seven of the colonies there as well as in four of the Canadian provinces. Wherever Introduced it has given the greatest satisfaction. "Our present system is. first, very expensive. Expenses for abstract of title and legal searches and opinions average in Chicago $25 for each deed or mortgage, and cost the State of Ulnols J10.000,0Ca a year. Second, our titles are very Insecure. Even when the records show a clear title, many things In the nature of claims against one's land may come up that will be enough to take the land, or will make a cloud upon the-title which will lessen the value of the land. Third, delays in real estate transactions are often very long. Title Insurance companies have helped matters some, but they are expensive, and are only a costly makeshift. - "The remedy proposed is a registration of titles instead of deeds. The transfer of ownership is made, not by giving a deed, but by registration in the recorder's office: the registration shows the exact condition of the title, and the government makes the title thus shown indefeasible There Is never need of going back of the record of the last transaction to see .how the title stands. Each new certificate of title in the office is of itself a new root of title, and cannot be quesloned except on the ground of fraud. "Provision Is made by which rll mortgages, trust liens and equitable claims of all kinds are shown on the same ctrtlflcate, and no claim is valid unle3 so recorded. The system is optional with counties in Illinois, each adopting It' at will by popular vote. Cook co.inty, v;lth Chicago, has adopted It. In the county each land owner, who can show to the satisfaction of the recorder s ex e mine rs that he has a clear titb may hrinsc .-.Is land under the system. Th? nie'-hri is cheap, simple, gives secure title;, facilitates In all ways transfers - f real estate, and ought to be generally adopted. TORREXS SYSTEM DISCUSSED. Messrs. Scott, of this city, Hawkins, of

Evansville, Clancy, of Elwood, and several 1 others, took part in the dlsousdor to technical questions 'nvolved-ln the adoption of the system. It seemed t'j b-j the impression the system would conflict with Indiana laws. Professor Jerks eatd : he knew established laws could riot'3 overturned to admit of ihe idop:i-u of the system, but it was possible to modify existing laws and the plan of ihe 'systeji so there -would be no lncon3ist;n:is between them. On motion of ex-Rcpraintatlre Uynum, the subject was referred to the committee on municipal affairs, which wa instructed to investigate the quoiUoa thoroughly and report plana for the consideration of the Legislature at its next session. It was admitted by all the speakers that the subject was one of vital Importune, as It effects not only the security of t.Ues. but Involved the question or public economy as well. The subject of "Defects In the Interstatecommerce Law" was taken up by H. J. Thayer, of Plymouth. He called attention to the falling off in Indianapolis shipments, caused by the law. Mr. Bynum, who was a member of the congressional committee that framed the law, thought as a whole it had been of grtat advantage to the country. John S. Lazarus, traffic manager of the I., D. & V.t spoke on the defects of the law from the railroad companies' standpoint. He said he nad be in opposed to the law at the time of ita passive und for some two or three yea:s subs.'quentiy, but from later experience was satisfied no one could object to Us provisions, with the possible exception of large shlnprr. vho were opposed to the section which . prevented the formation of railroad pools for the handling of large consignments at less rates than those made to small shippers. He thought it was also unfair that the agent erf the company was liable to imprisonment for cutting rates, when his action was directed by the heads of the corporation. He said he thought the Patterson bill, now before Congress, would operate to remove all features to which fairminded railroad men and shippers co.i'd object. It provides pools may be formed, under the control of the . Interstate-com-merco Commission, and that the commission may refuse to sanction pools wh."n it is apparent unjust discriminations ar lo be made. He arxued it was bit-r'ht tome slight concessions in the way of lowr rates should be granted shippers who transport grain In thousand-car lots as against the dealers who handle but ten carlo.id. The subject was referred-to tho .'.,mmittea on transportation with instructions to report It at tho next meeting. SBasassMsaaaaassBaaBMaHssBMBSB) . RESULTS OF THE CHARTER. Ex-City Attorney Scott's Pnper Polities In City Elections. "Indiana's Commercial and Productive Facilities" were discussed during the afternon by Dr. A. A. Hamilton, of Marion. Marcus R. Sulzer, of Madison, and A. C. Rosencranz, of Evansville, discussed "Indiana's River and Canal Interests."' Sev-; eral other delegates took an active part In the discussion. One of the main lines upon which the board hopes to accomplish much Is that of municipal reforms, and a great deal of the discussion of the session has been directed to the subject of needed legislation In this direction. Ex-City Attorney John E. Scott read a paper on the subject of "Municipal Government." Ho said: "The gross mlsgovernment of our larger cities has been an universally recognized fact. The question has been as to the remedy. After considerable discussion, the conclusions of reformers and legislators found rorm and expression In the Brooklyn charter. Many of the larger cities of the county, incluuing our own, have adopted chatters of like character. The Brov.ulyn charter has been in operation thirteen vears. In our own State our capital city has entered upon the third administration. Evansville ana fort Wayne have had brief experience, and other cities have given varying periods of trial to this new system." Mr. Scott then touched upon some of the features upon which disappointing results have been experienced, and contrasted old and new methods. Under the old form of organization a city was a miniature State. No officer possessed much power. With little power tnere was little responsibility. The conception of a city under the new system is the reverse of this. Tho ultimate power and responsibility is in one man the Mayor, "in order," said he, "to remove so lar as possible all 'inrtuences which might tend to prevent the citizens from th exercise of their best Judgment in the Felectlon of a Mayor, and in line with thti theory that a municipal corporation had nothing lo do with the tariff, the currency or any other question of national or State policy, it was deemed advisable to sever the municipal from the national and State elections. It was thought that in. separate municipal elections the people would not continue fully divided upon the same lines as in national and State politics, but that the better elements In all parties would unite in the selection of an executive. Municipal elections are still conducted by party organizations, and the parties organized for municipal elections are the same as those organized for national and State elections, and are not divided by matters of local concern. They are divided by political traditions, and the citizens continue to vote for presidential electors at city elections, rather than for an executive officer for the business corporation of which they are members. In the adoption of the new system it was argued, also, that the most thoughtful and discriminating vote would be sufficient to hold In check party choice, compelling the wisest selection which could be made for an executive within party ranks and then to elect the best so chosen. I fear there has been disappointment In this respect." The independent voter was discussed and the assertion made that while he wields a free lance he holds to the opinion that party madness in the madness of the many for the gain of the fsw. He, therefore, usually votes against the party In power on the theory It Is thfre for the benefit of officeholders and ought to be ousted. 'The next time he -votes those out he has Just voted in upon the same principle." continued Mr.. Scott. "He has sometimes aided In continuing or reviving evils which It was hoped he would assist to eradicate. It may be said to the credit of independents, however, tl.y have been friends rsrner than Xos of better civic conditions The oncrv

may arise, 'Has there been any real progress made? and 'What should be the lines of further effort? I doubt not In populous cities, and perhaps, also. In smaller cities and towns, how best to secure efficient administration of affairs will remain a problem. There will always be room for improvement I think, however, the new form of municipal corporate organization, and the new conception which it emoodies, are more" logical, better suited to the ends sought, have given and wKl continue to give, better results than old forms. The idea that municipal organization is for the exercise of political functions, and that all power should be diffused and distributed, have constituted the chief infirmities of municipal government In this country. Under the old system the Mayor had little power; departments acted independently of him and of each other, and much of the administrative work was done by council committees having but little aptitude for it. The centralization of power certainly presents a system far better calculated to secure intelligent, economic and skillful conduct of the corporate . business of a large city. In these respects, notwithstanding disappointments In results to which I have alluded, the experience of the cities which have operated under it have demonstrated the superiority of the new form of city government. That the results hoped for have not been fully attained is no fault of the law. Under the old plan, good government for large cities was impossible. Under the new plan good government is possible. While the problem may never be wholly solved, the next necessary step is to secure the larger recognition on the part of the citizens of their civic duty. There has come an awakening in this country upon the subject of civic duty. The work of the future must be largely educational. This process of education is now progressing in many ways. If these influences are continued the time is not far distant when no political party will dare to nominate persons for municipal offices not worthy of the trust." The paper closed with the statement, until thlj time has arrived, existing laws should be Jealously guarded and no new legislation countenanced which is not in the line of reform. C. B. Cardwill. of Madison. Augustus L. Mason, of this city, and Mayor Hawkins, of Evansville. discussed Mr. Scott's paper. Mr. Mason spoke of some of the objections which have been raised to the new charter in operation here, which Is practically the same as that of Brooklyn. He said the

main objection was to the manner of making assessments for street and sewer improvements. He showed that the law operates to the oppression of the poor property owners, as a man owning a lot worth XX) in the outskirts has to pay the same relative assessments a front foot as the man owning a lot on Washington street. Among the advantages resulting, he said, the chief thfr? that might be mentioned was the reauction of the tax levy. Mayor Hawkins spoke of the experience of Evansville under the new charter, modeled after that of Indianapolis. He said about the same-objections were ratsed In his city as here, and it has also been their experience the new form of government reduces taxation. He said the first impression was the city could be operated more cheaply under the old system, but experience demonstrated ths only a3oitlonai expense was It the payment of salaries of two additional officers the controller and oollce Judge. Additional revenue romlng Into the city coffers, however. In the way of fines, more than overbalanced the Increase in the salary list AXEXT THK CEXTEXMAL. Talks on This Event at the Commercial Club Dinner. . At 6:30 last night the delegates were entertained at dinner by the Commercial Club, President D. P. Erwln acting as .toastmaster. Mr. Erwln spoke of the great good such an organization as the Indiana State Board of Commerce could accomplish in the way of binding the cities of the .State together in the effort to advance mutual interests. In the absence of Representative Steele in Washington the vice president of the board, James H. Crozler, ofeMadison, responded to the toast, "The Indiana State Board of .Commerce." He spoke of the difficulties encountered by the board during the first year of its existence, but said he believed It was now In fair way to accomplish much good by uniting the different cities of the State in enterprises for their mutual advancement. He said he believed the board was destined to have a great effect upon the legislation of the State, and would be able to secure much needed legislation, and would be .able to accomplish much in the direction .of promulgating idess that would make the people of the State. wiser, wealthier and tetter in every way. . "The Indiana Centennial in 1W was the subject discussed by C. C. Shirley, of Kokomo, member of the centennial commission. Ho said it was generally understood the commission had been appointed by the Governor as a result of a resolution passed by the last Legislature, directing the iormaiion of a boay to consider the question. "I believe a great deal is to be ga.ned by the cultivation of State pride,' sild he. "But at -the same time, it Is not mere sentiment that is to be catered to. A great deal In the way of material Interest has been lost to the State, because It has not been sulticlently advertised. There is probably no State of which so little Is known to tne world at large. We hope to accomplish great things, but wnat we shall actually accomplish depends upon the Stale luelf. We expect, however, to cultivate not aisne the sprlt'cf State pride, but we expect that the material Interests of the State shall be benefitted as greatly." Mr. Shirley, spoke of the work accomplished by the people of Georgia !n giving body to the Atlanta exposition- and said there was no reason why Indiana could not prepare for an exposition that would be as great and that would advertise the resources and natural advantages to the world at large. Owing to the central location of the State, he thought there was no reason why ten million people could not be relied upon to visit an exposition here. A circle two hundred miles in circumference, with Indianapolis as the center, would touch Chicago, Toledo, Louisville and almost take in St. Louis. While the commission had accomplished a great deal In effect, but little had really been accomplished so far and It rests with such organizations as the Indianapolis Board of Trade, the Commercial Club and the State Board of Commerce to make the nterprlse a success. All such organizations, he said, ought to unite In th common purpose and then results would be attained which would reflect great credit upon the stat-. E. B. Martindale, of this city, also speke upon the subject. He advocated his wellknown ideas of celebration of the centennial that had In contemplation the erection of a permanent exhibit. From the point of financial success, he thought It was important the exposition should be held In this city. It has puperlor , facilities for transportation, and could be reached from surrounding cities and States better tf'an any other city In Indiana. He spoko of the needless waste that has been the rule In other similar celebrations where temporary buildings costing thousand? of dollars have been torn down and destroyed after the expositions ended. Bv the erection of a permanent building such waste would be avoided. W. D. Bynum sal J he had geneiaily been opposed tc centennial celebration., and had vph1 eerl-st h-' hut lU'e.-'lrg to all that had br-en said on the subject during the meeting cf the board he had become taken with the idea, and b'lleved mu ir-.od to the State wou'd result from an exposition properly managed. F. T. Roots, of Connersville. sail that Indiana has remained in the background up until now, but would take a front rank In the future. In some respects she now stand- first, as In the way of natural resources, in educational respects and Intellectual attainments. "England." said be. "has her Gladstone, Germany her Bismarck, Italy her Crispi, but Indiana has her Benjamin Harrison, the peer among statesmen of modern times." He said Indiana could have a centennial celebration that would rival those of Philadelphia. New Orleans and Atlanta. If such bodies as the State Board of Commerce would, bend every effTt to Pke the affair a "iccrsa. C. C. Rosenernnf. of Evansville. also rroke on the subject of the centennial celebration. He wss followed bv Mayor Jonathan Rlrch. cf Greenoastle. w ho spoke of the mutual interests of Indiana cities. He said there were so many questions that were of mutual interest to the cities of Indiana he hardly knew which to take uo first. One idea he would like to Impress, he said, was that relating to the control and management of cities. The tendency of modern times Is to crowd Into cities. Young men no longer seek fortunes in agricultural pursuits, but seek opportunities to Increase their intellectual and financial stores by ruhlng Into the whirl of city life. Another thing that tends to build up large cities Is the Influx of foreigners, bringing with them Ideas that are foreign and dangerous to our. institutions. Great efforts should be made to maintain the supremacy of the laws. Another thing that Is overlooked, he thought, was the cultivation of the artistic arJ aesthetic natures of the people, -and more care should be given to the beautifying and improvement of streets. He hoped to see the time when there would be parks and . boulevards In every city. Another thing that is needed is a system of libraries. S. T. Cast, of Huntington. Justus C. Adams, I. S.. Gordon, of this. city. H. G. Thayer, of Plymouth, and -Josenh Balsey, of Katmnur. slan msds abort zttttZZZZ.

GUARDIANS OP BOOKS

t LIBRARIANS OF THE STATES DISCCSS TOPICS OF ttCXEKAL IXTEnEST, Slow Gmnth of Library .MoTfinrnt li the South-Reception In th Evening. , The fourth annual meeting of the Library Association of Indiana met yesterday afternoon In the Lieutenant Governor's room at the Statehouso.' 'There was aVood attendance of librarians from al! over the State, and among the visitors were Mr. George E. Meleney and Dr. George E. Wire, of tho National Library Association. The programme presented was one of much "interest The opening address was made by the president of the association. Miss Mary Eileen Ahern, formerly State librarian and now a student in the Armour Institute of Technology In the department of library science. Miss Ahern was formerly the secretary of the association. She paid that all movements require organbatlon and com binatlcn of efforts In similarity of interests, and that It was on account of this that there had been an attempt to build up th library association. The work has not reached that rolnt of influence she had hoped for It The only security for a frea government Is in the education of Its people. Placed side by side are the church and the school, the source and support of morality and education. With, increasing population and the growing perplexities of modern society, these two supports am proving insufficient There had been a .strange Indifference on the part "of tha teachers of the State of Indiana toward the great lack, which has been so long felt, of proper provision by law for the maintenance of public libraries. What is needed is not more or better institutions for th few, but more free libaries for the many. In speaking of the duties of the librarian Miss Ahern raid he or she Is not only expected to know the contents of books, but to have a respect for their outsldes. On can never be successful unless he or she understands the mysteries of scientific cataloguing, classification, book arranging, Ehelving. binding, etc. The foundation for success must be the genuine, hearty lovt) for the work. Following Miss Ahern's address Charles Martindale, president of the Indianapolis School Board, spoke about the books that make up the library. For the home library, there are the books which are slowly accumulated year by year, and for the publla library there must be many and varied books. In regard to the taste to be developed in the selection of books by children and young people, a great deal depends on the parent. If the parent finds vicious books have been taken from - the library and are read by the children, it Is not the fault of the librarian. One woull not have "Boccaccio" taken from Ihe library, nor Shakspeare, nor many others. The parent mut know what the child Is reading. A taste needs to be developed. The leading paper of the afternoon was read by Dr. G. E. Wire, of the Newberry Library of Chicago. He took for' his subject, "How a Busy Librarian Reads." Ha said: "The popular Idea Is that library work is easy work, and that the librarian . m a. S a ft . . nas .ois or time to read, i win attempt io show how many minutes may be put to use. A librarian must keep posted on science, art literature, engineering and many ether subjects. Now I have a plan In regard to the weeklies. I have certain days of the week for different publications, three or' four each day to look over.. Then in soma ' there are certain parts to read. There is something in Harper's Bazar besides ths patterns, but if you try to work them o.t', you will have time for nothing else. I find' that the most valuable publication Is ths Review of Reviews, it !s really-a busy1 man's magazine. Some time ago I read all: about Venezuela and the boundary line. I felt that I knew the subject so thoroughly that I have been able to skip all that has' been written about It since. The index or table of contents are the librarian's best working tools. Now, In regard to the mechanical part of reading. Rapid reading is a necessity. If one is naturally a slowr reader, he must use system and discrimination. Skipping Ij an art 1 have formed a habit of reading prefaces and Introductions and hav found it good. It is well to learn to recognize authorities. I do not believe in ready-made courses. I have yet to find the first single complete, unbiased history of the United Statts, but there ara many histories, and reveral have to be read and then the reader can decide for himself. I prefer the small books, and never feel as.iamed to face a learned man and acknowledge to him that 1 have not read a book. I like long books for reference, but for reading I prefer the small boo!.', which Is new so popular, which may be held easily or sllrpcd into the pocket. 1 advise a regular time and fixed course of study. A ilbiarlan should have some time to read, but he has no right to sit down and gorge himself on favorite authors. It Is a librarian's duty to read something about everything. I have a half hour ride each day to and from my work, and this time, as well aa a half hoursome time in the day, I devote to reading. Now, why should a librarian read? To help himself and the public it is only by reading and study that he knows tho difficulties of the readers." At the conclusion of th paper. Miss Ahern announced time for a discussion of tlm subject Mr. Arthur Cunnlngnam. librarian) of the Terre Haute Normal School, said his plan of reading bocks was to look over the titles and tabs of contents In order to keep In tcuch with what Is being written, to note special articles and reul them accordingly. LIBRARIES IN THE SOUTH. Mies Merker, of Louisville, said that she lived where the doctrine of State rights was Jealous of the public library. In Louis ) ville there Is the Polytechnic Library, but

for its privileges the patrons have to pay $t a year. In the South the taxpayers do not want to be taxed for public libraries, and the question she asked was not what more can they get In Indiana, but how can libraries be made to go through the South.' She said that when trie had a particular subject about which she wished to study, she took the train snd came up to Indianapolis, spent a week In the library. founJ out all she wanted end then went home. Shs paid a high tribute to two Indianapolis women, and said: "A city that has Charity Dye and Mary Nicholson will have a public HLrary. 1 wonder if this city knows what It has in those two women and what they have done? If you'll let me hav those twu women in Louisville, w e w ill have 'libraries all through the South." Jacob P. Dunn, at one time State Librarian, raid that it is not merely a question of taxation, but a city must first donate $1,010 before It can have a library. In the South this can be secuted by m!srlonary work. locally It is a matter of education of the ieople. In relation to Mr. Wire's paper, he said that the time of the librarian belongs to his employer, and all reading for pleasure should be dene outside of library hours. Mrs. Davidson, State Librarian, and otters also tpoke regarding the subject and the meeting adjourned. Last evening a rectptlon was held at thd Commercial Club rooms, at which the visiting librarians were special guests, and Dr. G. E. Wire, of the Newberry Library, Chicago, and George B. Meleney, members of the National Library Association, were guests of honor. The entertainers were the officers of the association. Miss Ahem, president: Mla Nancy Baker, secretary; MIfs E. G. Browning, city llbrcrian; Mrs. Davidson. State Librarian, and Others and the members cf the library department of tho Bowen-Merrlll Company. All frUnds of the librarians were Invited to attend, and there was a large company. The programmes for the Library Association are souvenirs, and have a vi-ry fins rhotngrxvure of James Whltcomb Riley on the title page. The meeting to-U&y will begin at 9:30, and the programme will be: "A Visit to the Forbes Library, Northampton.' by Miss Helen Tracy Guild, of the J. E. Hamilton Library of Fort Wayne; "The School S1J V by Prof. W. A. Hester, superintendent of the schools of Ev.nvll; Biographical Aids," Jamea H. Asherbrunner, of the New Albany Public Library. This afierrf on at 2 o'clock there will b a paper on ' Lrorurj In the Library" by Mlsa Mauc lieadrrson, of the Armour irr tit rtr, Chl:c. and an informal discussion, t allowed t tht election of ofilcers. nrrt O corr.rrJ'.tCM sd rr.irllr.:rua tu -'- . In a-