Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 June 1895 — Page 14

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, SUNDAY, JUNE 16, 1895.

BIBLE SPIRITUALISM

MOSCS IIILI. CLAIMS THE ISPIRA TIO CASIB FnOM SPiniTS. ' The TrophrtH of Old Sought the Me- . liam .IlevelAtinnn a, 3IeillaraUtic Chronicle by John. Moses Hull, in New York Recorder. Ever lnce the rise of the manifestations known as the spiritual phenomena the cry has been hoard. "Oh, the Pihle Is against you" or "Spiritualism Is opposed to the Hible." With many that seemed to be an all-sufliclent argument. The Bible was set down per se as the source of all authority, and if spiritualism happened to be out of harmony with a supposed statement of that book or a doctrine deduced from it that was enough; spiritualism was of the devil and had only evil ends in view. Few spiritualists in the beginning of the movement were biblical scholars. They had witnessed phenomena that were convincing and had been introduced to a philosophy that was charmins and elevating in its nature. If the minister said the Bible was opposed to them and. that that book had predicted Its rise as the monarch of the last-day delusions why, of course, he knew. Many of them felt as Theodore Parker did when told the Bible was against h?m on the slavery question. His answer was: "So much the worse for the Bible. If the Bible has placed itself on the wrong side of this question that will stand as one count in the final Indictment against thaUbook." Hundreds of spiritualists, hearing that the Bible was against spiritualism and knowing that. Bible or no Bible, spiritualism was true, without further ceremony rejected the Bible. Thus many of the most sincere and honest men and women in the world have been made to believe they were infidels. Every new development in philosophy or ethics has had to run the same gantlet. The arguments used against uallleo and other heretics were stated as follows; 1. It casts suspicion on the Cocttlne of incarnation. 2. It upsets the whole foundation cf theology. 3. If the earth is only one among many planets then other planets must be inhabited, and if so. all men did nt descend from Adam or Noah. This was all the proof needed that Galileo and his confreres were working to undermine and overthrow the Bible. Andrew D. "White, president of Cornell University, said: "When Galileo had discovered the four satellites of Jupiter the whole thing was denounced as Impossible and impious. It was argued that the Bible clearly showed by all applicable types that there could be only seven planets; that this was proved by the seven golden candlesticks of the Apocalypse, by the seven branched candlesticks of the tabernacle and by the sevens churches Of Asia. Mathematical and other reasonings were met by the words of Scripture. It was declared that Galileo's doctrine was proved false by the standing still of the sun for Joshua, toy the declaration that the foundations of the earth are. fijted so firm that they cannot be moved, and that the sun runeth about from one end Of heaven to the other." I hope no spiritualist will ever receive quite the same,trefctment that was accorded to the above named heretic. , GALILEaSJ2RSECUTION. After being Imprisoned fourteen years and suffering Irjjosi beyond endurance he was flnallyompjelf d to kneel before church dignitaries nd say: "I, Galileo, -beinff-in my seventieth year, being a: prisoner and on my knees and before your Eminences, having before my eyes the' holy gospel,' which I touch with my hands, adjure, curse and detest the heresy of the movement of . 1 .iL Iff uie farm. For several years past a few of the spiritualists have claimed that the Bible Is the spiritualists own book; that so far from it being opposed to spiritualism, the spiritualists are the only people who can explain exactly how 'the Bible came Into existence, and that Catholics and Protestants will yet be compelled to go to spiritualism for correct interpretations of the Blbie. Spiritualists do not take the Bible as an Inspired book; they do not believe that any book ever was or ever can be inspired. Even a god could not inspire a book. Men, women and children are inspired; not plenarity or fully, but in accordance wllh their capacity to receive inspiration. These inspired men and women write out as best they can some of the results of their inspiration, and that writing, not the inspiration, Is copied "translated, arranged and put into books. Inspiration itsrlf is more or lesg perfect as the inspiring spirit may have more or less Wisdom and as the subject or medium may be more or less capable of receiving Inspiration and handing out Us results. The claims for inspiration, and that the collection of tracts which are now called the Bible make up the sum total of "the word of God." "God's- revealed word," etc., is not made in or by the Bible. It is a comparatively modern claim. Inspiration Is everywhere in the Bible called "the word of God." I will give a few instances. Genes!3 xv, 1: "After these things the word of the Lord came unto Abrani In a vision, saying, fear not Abram; I am thy shield and thy exceeding great reward." Verse 4 of the same chapter says: "And behold the word of the Lord came to him saying, this shall be thine heir." Nobody believes that a Bible walked up to Abram with these revelations. The whole of the 119th Psalm Is full of similar expressions. :Thy word." "Thy laws," "Thy statutes" occurring In almost every one of its 16 verses. In Verse 3S the authcy says: "Establish thy word unto thy servant." That is, according to the previous verso, quicken mv mediumship. In Verse r.0 he says: "Thy word," that is, mediumship, "hath quickened me." I will quote no more from this psalm. The render is requested to read It all with the idea that the author Is praying for inspiration under the name word, statutes, judgments, laws, precepts, etc. Jeremiah xvlii, 18. says: "Then said they come, let us devise devices against Jeremiah, for the law shall not perish with the priest, nor counsel from the wise, nor the word from the prophet. Come and let us smite him with the tongue, ana let us noi give neea xo any of his words." rnoriiETS had dreams. In xxill, 23. he says: "The prophet that hath a dream let him tell a dream, and he that hath my word let him speak my word faithfully. What is the chaff to the wheat? saith the Lord." Many other testimonies of this kind might be adduced, but the above are deemed sullicknt for the candid, and 1 write It r n cth r TJ.e Ulble, v.iVAn'j it all in all, is but little t-l.se In-side an imperfect history of spiritual "manifestations among the Hebrews :tnd the early Christians, together with discourses, essays and poems delivered undtr Fphiiual influence. The ten commandments constituted a portion of the law that the God or guide of Abraham undertook to speak to a circle of Israelites through a trumpet or horn In the dark. See Kxodus. chapters nineteen and twenty. This Yahwth, cr Jehovah, as he is generally called, did not get through giving the law on the mount for the people, broke the circle and spoiled the conditions of the eance, and the remainder hud to be given to- Moses alone on the mount. The. people srot afraid and broke the circle, and said to Moses: "Speak thou

with Ai, and we. will hear; but lpt not G,-))f lr?;k with us lest we die." Exodus Thl Yahweh, or God. is not the suppdlM infinite ruler of the universe. He firstwerit to Abraham and said: "I am thy shield, and thy exceedingly grrat rewarthneFls xv, 1. That is, I am thy guId.Vttay protector. Next he went to Isaac in the night and said: "I am the God ofAbraham, thy father; fear not, for I 'am -with thee and will bless thee and multiply thy seed for my servant Abraham's sake." Genesis xxvi, 24. Here He claimed to be nothing more than the God of Abraham. Genesis xxviil, 13 the same God appears to Jacob In the night again and says: "I am the Lord God of Abraham, thy father, and the God of Isaac, the land whereon thou liest to thee will I give it and thy seed." Here he claims to be the Lord; that is, Yahweh. the God of both Abraham and Isaac, and proposes now to be Jacob's God. Next, in Exodus ill, 6. he appears as Moses and says: "I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob." That Is. be was the guide first of Abraham, then of Isaac, then of Jacob and then of Moses's father. See verse fifteen. Ever after that he is called the God of the Hebrews, the God of Israel, etc. See Exodus lii, IS; v, 3; Exodus xxiv, 10. The idea of one universal Deity never entered the mind of a Hebrew until after 'the Babylonish captivity. Even when they were in Babylon their great desire to get back to their own country was in order that they might worship their own God. When they were asked for a song they exclaimed, "How can wc sing Yahweh's songs In a strange land?" Psalms exxxiii, 4. NEW TESTAMENT SPIRITS. The New Testament Is all susceptible to interpretations similar to those given above. As we began this part of the argument with the first bcok of the Old Testament, it will be appropriate to close it with an application of the argument to the last book of the new. The Apocalypse, commonly called the book of Revelation, Is nothing more nor less than a series of spirit communications coming from a circle of spirits who call themselves "the seven spirits of 'God." It purports to be "the revelation of Jesus Christ which God gave unto Him to show unto His servants things which must shortly come to pass, and He sent and signified it unto His servant John, who bear record of tne word of God and of the testimony of Jesus, and of all things that he saw." , . Here the revelation was of, or from,' Jesus, and the object was to show unto his servants things which must shortly come to pass. John was undoubtedly a trance medium. He says: "I, John, was in the spirit on the Lord's day." . That is, I was in a spiritual condition. John heard behind him a voice a spirit voice. He turned to see the source of that voice and saw Jesus, a departed human spirit. This spirit Jesus in his preliminary address says seven times, "He that hath an ear let him hear what the spirit saith to the churches." If the churches as the last sands of the nineteenth century are running out could be Induced to listen to spirit voices they might have some of the power of godliness. As they are they hug to their bosoms the . old dead carcass forms, ceremonies and cymbals, while the real, power seeks and finds a recognition among a people whom themselves will not recognize. In the language of this spirit on this occasion I counsel them to "buy gold tried in the fire,' and white raiment and eye salve" in order that they . may discover their own nudity. This medium John several times sees the communicating spirits. He describes a few of them. He saw one with hair as white as snow, with a golden girdle and with feet which shone as burnished brass. In chapter twentyseventh, verses eight and nine, he says: "And I, John, saw these things and heard them. And when I had heard and seen I fell down to worship before the feet of the angel which showed me these things. Then,;saith he unto me: 'See thou do it not. for I am thy fellow servant, and of thy brethren the prophets, and of them which,. keep the sayings of this book, worship God'. " ' A better rendering would, be: VI am a fellow servant with thee, and with thy brethren the prophets, and with them that keep the sayings of this book." Thus I have tried to show from the earlier and later parts of the Bible that it originated as the result of communion between this and the spirit world. Now I have space left to point out only one of the many places where the spiritual phenomena come to the front In such a way that they cannot easily be misunderstood. WITCH OF EXDOR STORY. The case of the visit of King Saul to a medium is as appropriate as any one case In the Bible. The minister usually calls it the case of Saul and the "Witch of Endor." Even Rev. T. DeWitt Talmage fell into the error of calling this woman a witch. The Bible nowhere calls that lady a witch. On the other hand, it proves that she was more than an ordinarily good woman. The story is found In First Samuel xxviil, 20. Be it remembered that Samuel and Saul had been Intimate friends. Samuel was Yahweh's prophet, at the head of a school of prophets. The time came when Samuel demanded greater sacrifices to Yahweh than Saul was willing to make; he even demanded human sacrifices, and when Saul refused Samuel himself hewed Kin.? Agag to pieces before Yahweh. First Samuel xv, 33. The breach between Samuel and Saul had become so great that Samuel refused to see Saul any more until the day of his death, nor could Saul get communications from any other prophets or by any other means. Saul, under Samuel's directions, had driven all who had familiar spirits out of the land. Now he wanted a communication, and after trying in various ways he inquired for one who had a familiar spirit. He was Informed that there was a woman at Endor, but she would do nothing for him, as she was one he sought to kill. He, however, disguised himself, and with two of his friends went by night to visit the lady. She at first refused to sit for him, but was finally persuaded to do so. As soon as she entered into a clairvoyant condition she saw that her old enemy Saul was before her. This frightened her and she cried cut, "Why hast thou deceived me, for thou art Saul?" Saul, after assuring her that no harm should come to her. asked her what she saw. She answered that she saw gods ascending out of the earth. A better translation Is; "I saw one with a godlike form ascending out of the earth.". Then Saul asked her to describe him. whereupon she describes an old man with a mantle. From this description Saul recognized that it was Samuel. Why, there was the very old mantle that was torn in twain at their last parting. See First Samuel xv. 17. "And Samuel said to Saul: 'Why hast thou disquieted me to bring me up?' " "To bring me here" would be as good a reading. Then Saul told of his "dire distress." Samuel In his reply to Said refers to their last talk on earth as follows: "And the Lord hath done to him as He spoke by me, for the Lord hath rent the kingdom out of thine hand and hath given it to thy neighbor, even to David." The conversation continues, "Samuel said to Saul and Saul said to Samuel." etc. Finally the seance closes and the record says: "And Saul was soim afraid because of the words of Samuel." Who. after reading this, can doubt that this was a genuine spirit communication from Samuel to Saul? Xot Good. Detroit -Tribune. "SV4 looks good enough to eat." fh overheard his words and they troubl J Although he was a mere canni bal rftuiJme a vnrtive in his hands, her conscience acused her. "I- vttll'tcU him all." she said. Taking him aside, then, she informed him that sho was a woman with a p.ist, whereat

I deceptive are appearance.

THE SALOON IN PARIS

rhACR WJIEItK XICHOLSO.V HIL.I WOULD DC A USELESS MEASITIE. Parisians Detest Screens and liarrooms anil Drink Their GroR with Delight on the Sidewalk. Paris Letter In New York Press. By far the" most interesting phase of Paris Is the night street life. The Paris cafes are an institution and a law unto themselves. Their like does not exist elsewhere. In Vienna there is a tendency in the same direction and In Berlin a poor substitute, but nowhere are the Taris cafes equaled. There is scarcely a street in Parte which has not one or more of them. It should be explained here that In Paris there Is nothing at all like the American saloon, with its screens and swinging doors, nor like the the English public house, with its tiny compartments. The traveled Frenchman regards both these institutions with horror. Paris may be wicked, but it is frank about it. It may be a city of hard drinkers, but the weakness is not hidden. Whenever the Frenchman wishes to do a thing he does It, and he does It in the sight of "tout le monde.". All the world is at liberty to know that he takes absinthe at 4 o'clock In the afternoon and that his wife takes hers with him at the same time. He doesn't think of hiding the fact that he enjoys a lively story or a risky photograph. The Moulin Itouge is probably the most vicious exhibition in Paris, yet it is open to everybody, and nobody thinks of denying that he or she has visited it. It is as much of an institution here as the Museum of Arts is in New York. The cafes in Paris take the place of the saloons in other cities. Most of the drinking places and nearly all of the restaurants have along their entire front two or three rows of little round tables on the sidewalk. The Parisian sidewalks are so wide that this does not make a serious obstruction. A large awning covers them, and frequently glass screens at the end shut oil the wind. These are the cafes. The best are on the great boulevards and avenues. The Boulevard des Italians, being the most popular street of Paris (It occupies a position like that which Broadway holds in New York), is the location of the biggest and best of them. Of these the Cafe Ilich and Tavern of Pousset are the most popular. Next to them, perhaps, comes the Cafe Terminus, an annex of the Hotel Terminus on the Rue St. Lazare. It was into this cafe that an Anarchist threw a bomb a year or more ago. Everybody frequents the cafes. In the morning they get their coffee and rolls there, in the afternoon, at about 3:30, they begin to drink absinthe there, together with other debilitating concoctions, such as vermouth cassise. In the evening, after dinner, they go to the cafes for their coffee. BEER FOLLOWED COFFEE. Coffee is not served with the French dinner. After coffee, nowadays, comes beer, although a long and bitter, fight was Waged against the advancing popularity of this beverage of the hated Germans. Cognac is always served with coffee at the Paris cafes. Unless one demands his coffee in a cup It is brought to him in a glass, and with it a little decanter of brandy. This decanter is marked In lines and figures, as Is a medicine glass, with the number of drinks which it contains. When one calls for his bill the waiter invariably holds the decanter up to the light to see how much brandy has .been .taken. The decanters are, of-course, filled afresh for each customer. Whatever is served at a Paris cafe, be it served In a cup or glass or mug, Invariably stands at first upon a saucer. When this saucer is removed it means .that you have paid your bill. In the cafes one is expected to give the waiter a sum equal to 5 per cent, of his bill. There are no cafes where 10 per cent, is expected. It Is from the chairs and over the little tables of the cafes that one can get the best idea of what Paris night life really Is. On pleasant evenings the street procession is ceaseless from 8 o'clock till 1 a, m., and all sorts and conditions of men and women make it up. Family parties stroll jollily by, tourists walk slowly with the. unmistakable air of sightseers, young men about town and old men about town pass jauntily the gay Pariscnne, who Is without an escort unless she can find one in the crowd, trip gayly by. All kinds of venders cry their wares and exhibit them seductively to the people at the tables, newspaper and flower sellers being omnipresent. Young army officers at the tables ogle the girls on the sidewalk and from the sidewalk ogle the girls at the tables. Staid matrons and prosperous merchants of the middle class enjoy it comfortably, and now and then a group unmistakably made up of aristocrats is seen. After the cafe palls, if it does, go to one of the cafe chantants or music halls. There are some where an admission is charged, but there are many where very good entertainments are free to those who drink therein. Down in the Quartler Latin from whence "Trilby" came there are one or two which are particularly Interesting. Indeed, they are more interesting than clean. A CELLAR MUSIC HALL. One,, which Is near to the Seine end of the Boulevard St. Michel known to the students as the "Boul Mich" is in a cellar, and It said that from It some of the best cafe singers of Paris have developed. The singers there are not professionals. They are generally young men and women who want to be professionals, but often the students themselves take their places on the little rostrums before the piano and sing the songs of the Quarter, sometimes even telling good stories. If you do not understand French you will not be shocked either by the songs or the stories. If you are a linguist, keep away. in Montmartre, also, there arc many cafes chantants. Some of them are very handsomely fitted up. and one or two are worth a visit merely for the purpose of seeing the pictures on the walls. Many famous artists have contributed to the decoration, and there are pictures worth looking at which have been done by artists who yet have their way to make, and who take this strange opportunity of . getting their work before the eyes of the public. . Near to the best known of these Is the "Cabaret de Neant," or Cabaret of nothingof the end. It was the original intention of the enterprising proprietors of this place to name it the "Cabaret of Death," and as such it is generally known In Paris, although the police would not allow the use of the word "Death" In the sign over the door or In the advertisements. This is one of the most amazing of the developments of Parisian eccentricty. Hanged about the wail are pictures of extraordinary scenes of gayety. The theaters of Paris are many and diverse. The Comedie Francalse and the Opera, of course, no one should miss. The Comedie is. however, at present without any very great star. The Opera, should It be entirely without singers, would be quite worth visiting. It has been said that it is the most complete building in the world, and a very brief study of the marvelous structure will convince a doubter that the statement has foundation. It has taken the architect more than thirty years, I am told, to bring the house to its present state of beauty, and be is still at work. That docs not mean that the Opera Is by any means in an unfinished state. It is simply the one building in the world which will be

brought to Its very ultimate of design and decoration. There is certainly no other staircase In the world which approaches that of the Opera in beauty, and. turning to another unique feature, there is no other rflace in the world which is like the Foyer de .Ja Danse, where the favored few who are admitted may chat with the ladies of -the ballet between their entrances. THE PARIS THEATER. . Americans, while sitting in the awkward seats of European theaters and gazing at the dinky decorations and advertisement-plastered dron curtains, may comfort themselves with the reflection that we do these things better at home. Setting aside a' few great opera houses, there are no theaters in Europe and this includes London, of course which can compare with those of New York. Such playhouses as Gotham's Empire, Garden, Palmer's and Fifth Avenue are infinitely superior to those you will find while you are the guest of the press in foreign parts. Even in music halls America leads the world. The famous Empire and Alhambra of London, and the Folies Bergeres and Comedie Parisienne of Paris pale into insignificance beside Koster &. Dial's palace, and, with the single exception of the splendid London ballets, offer performances which in the main are decidedly inferior to those given by this firm of New York managers. There is little that is Interesting to the male sex about the Paris stores, except the bills sent home with the goods which the ladies are sure to buy. They are the shopping woman's paradise. The two principal stores arc the Boa Marche and the Louvre. A mere man, like the present writer, has no right to catalogue their beauties or to. invade the wonders of their sacred precincts in any way. I am told, however, that there are some things which they sellrwhlch arc ridiculously cheap, and others wrhich. though high-priced, are superlatively fine. Of the first class may be mentioned certain garments which are intended to blush unseen. French lingerie is wonderful and not high-priced. Of the second class may be mentioned (I really beg your pardon!) corsets. They cost less than $5 a pair, but they are marvels. That is, so I am told. I may, perhaps, make a few remarks on buying things in general in- Taris, however, without meddling with things which do not concern me. Remember, that a Frenchman or a Frenchwoman always expects to be beaten down. It was my privilege to witness a shopping episode between a woman who knows Paris thoroughly and another who had a mysteriously beautiful petticoat for sale. The first price was forty francs. That day it was reduced, after incredible haggling, to thirty-five. Then my friend left the store in apparent disgust, the Frenchwoman meantime declaring, almost with tears in her' eyes,! that she would be ruined if she sold at even that price. The next day we called again. My friend cheerfully began the bargaining where it had left off the day before, and the Frenchwoman submitted without a word of protest. She . evidently expected It. This time the price was finally worked down to twenty-five francs. Again my friend went away, and again the saleswoman approached the stage of tears. On the third day the petticoat was sold for twenty ; francs precisely one-half what was at first asked for it. SAMPLE OF FRENCH SHOPPING. Whether or not that-was a- fair sample of French shopping I don't know, but I believe that it is generally possible to get a reduction of at least onethird, except at the biggest of the stores, where one price is set and maintained. It will interest the ladies to know that they should go to the Latin Quarter for real bargains In lace arid the mysterious things into the composition of which lace so largely enters. The Paris shopkeeper has no hesitation In cheating a foreigner. Their wiles are shameful and often successful. They will even give you the wrong change if you give them any excuse for believing that you are noHarallirfr' with' the money system. I shall n6t forget one' episode of that kind. , , , I saw two men standing in front of a tobacco store. They were counting over their change in a puzzled sort of a way, and I quickly identified, them as Americans. One of them, looking up, recognized me as a countryman, and called me, with distress In his voice.1 "I went into this place," said he, "and bought four cigars. I gave him one like that (holding out a twenty-franc piece) and he save me back all :thls truck." His hand was full of small silver and copper. Now, did he cheat me?" A moment's examination showed that the shopkeeper had charged a franc and a half apiece for the half-franc cigars. He disgorged without the slightest hesitation and with no sign of shame whetf he saw that the "Americans had found a man who knew what7was really coming to them. -J Paris is without apparently any class analogous to the unemployed working men who parade the. streets of London. It is not, however, uncommon to see a day laborer who is without employment wandering 'about looking for work and eating his meal of dry bread he carries a loaf under his arm with a clasp knife as he goee along. I might keep writing of these little details of Paris life for a month and be as far from exhausting them as I am now. You will enjoy Paris. It is wholly different from New York, and its novelty will please you. Whether or not you ever return to Europe after you visit it you will still have learned enough about Paris during your .'week in France not only to fill you with interesting food for reflection and for gossip with your less fortunate friends, but to broaden your point of view rnd make you a bigger and more useful man or woman than you were before. An Outgrown rhrnsc. New York Sun. The sweet girl graduate Is gradually becoming extinct, 'ilierere still graduates and there are still girl graduates, but the triple combination ot "sweet girl graduate" will soon be a thing of the past. The reason for this Is obvious. The triple combination had come to mean, well, not a term of rerroach, but satire at least. It implied a frail personality armed with nothing more practical than a pretty scroll of parchment tied with blue ribbon. ' who was utterly unlit to cope with the world. The graduate of to-day is. In many casfs, a matared woman. She steps from the college campus sheathed In the most Invulnerable armor the world has yet been able Ho- forge a good education. She is equipped for the fray at many points. She has not squandered her opportunities, nor has she simply gained a smattering of many things, the is equal to the occasion. Whether she can cook or. sew matters hut little. She will be but the quicker to learn those things from - hnv'ng had years of discipline in other directions. t-he is well qualified to earn her livelihood, or If there is no necessity for that, she is a useful Instead of a useless member of society. In face of all this, It is curious to now and then encounter the old threadbare question: "Of what use to a woman is a college education?" It might better be: "Of what use to the world is a college education?" The issues are the same. What the world at large depends upon, for its intellectual and moral vigor is the home. And what the home depends unon.for its intellectual and moral vigor is, largely, the mother. The value of a college education to women consists in its value to the home and to society at large. The passing jot the "sweet girl graduate" is, therefore, not a matter for regret. ' - (iold In the Ocean's Wnvcs. London Telegraph. Some time ago it was mentioned In these columns that a chemist ha.1 discovered a certain quantity of gold in each ton of water in the ocean. Thre is none In fresh water, but the s;Ut waves, commonly called "the briny," are full of it. A patient analyst has sir.es been making further investigations Into the subject, and finds that there are about te.- million tons of gold in the various oceans scattered about the globe, without counting what is contilnel In the Icebergs around the north and south poles. The enormous our'ferous qualities of salt water may be gauged by the fact that the annual output of gold from the various mines on dry land is estimated at a little over (since the discovery of the Londonderry) two hundred tons per annum. It will thus be seen that the oceans contain a vast amount of -wealth, - and any mines that may oe started in them will not suffer from the prevailing disadvantage of terrestrial undertakings want of water.

P1UCES OF PAINTINGS

PADS, ART COLLECTOnS AXD DEATH ALL IXFLt EXCE THEM. Connoisseurs in ierr York "Vlio Can SInke an Artist Farionn at a Stroke by Bnylnfc One of Ills Pictures. New York Tress. You will be well entertained If you can get a Fifth-avenue art dealer to talk about something besides his paintings. But such a task is fraught with difficulties as creat as those which confront a prosecuting lawyer In an investigation before a committee of the New York State Senate. It is all a matter of slipping In a question between a landscape he has just finished telling you about and a marine he is going to tell you about, in such a manner that ho will think he Is talking about the marine when he really is not. After this sort cf thing had lasted nearly all of the afternoon the dealer threw up his hands in surprise at how much he really knew about his customers, the artists, himself and the cranks. Which include some of his customers, some of the artists and himself sometimes. "Art has its fads, like everything else. No, I won't exactly say 'fads. 'Tlsn't a nice word, you know. Too shallow. And there Isn't anything shallow about art, even if there is about artists. Certain schools of painting are much more popular at one time than another that's better, isn't it? "The old English school reigns supreme just now. Moreland, Joshua Reynolds, Turner, Gainsborough, Wilson and the rest of the old English masters are in great demand. The collectors started It. It is easy for them to put up the price of the productions of any school. Some big collector needs an old English picture to fill out his collection. He searches for a fine sample. The dealers get on to him. He has to pay a big price for it when he finds what he wants. Other collectors follow suit, and so the boom is started. Suppose that two very wealthy collectors should fall very much in love with a painting by a comparatively obscure artist and the successful one paid $5,000 for it. It would land that artist on a pinnacle at a Jump. The other collectors would say that here is an artist whose pictures will increase in valufe a coming man, and they must have something by him.- The artist would think that it is all due to his merit. But tusch. Artists are given to thinking such things. "There are probably 4,000 artists in New York. Only a hundred of thtm do things that are of much value. GREATEST OP COLLECTORS. "The greatest connoisseurs, the most Influential collectors in New York are Havemeyer and Marquand. They could put their heads together and make an artist's reputation at any time an obscure artist, I mean. They could help 'a man like Chase along a great d?al, too. Yes, this craze for the old English ought to please John Ruskln. Turner's pictures are Ituskin's Bible. The old gentleman has three deities, you knowTurner, Thomas Carlyle and himself. "People who think they are connoisseurs outnumber the real connoisseur five thousand to one. If you wantto get a collection of paintings xyhfch WHl rfoiihl In vnltiA in twpntv vpafu 1Pt-t-H riirrhn5in? tit tvIII tret hararfliiiH Inr i you. What is an art bargain? It's a painting that Is bought for $500 "and' is worth $1,000 ten years later. "What is the most valuable painting In New York? Probably Rembrandt's 'Gleaner,' owned by Marquand. I should say it was worth $75,000. But you can't set -a pecuniary value on such a painting. It's beyond price. It's a matter of possession. Sheer pecuniary necessity alone will lead such a connoisseur to sell such a masterpiece. "The art dealer isn't the enemy of the artist. That old myth was exploded long as:o. The art dealer often makes the artist. Suppose that a young man should bring me a painting which gave great promise. I would buy that painting and boom his work. I might keep it four or five years. Then, if I got twice as much as I paid for it he would say that I had robbed him unless he was wise. Suppose I put a price of $2,000 on it and stuck to that price. My patrons would think there must be something in him, and when some rich "man paid the price it would win attention for Ms work. On the other hand, he might fizzle out, and I would lose all that I paid for it. PEDIGREES COUNT. ' "An artist's pedigree is of great aid to him. A buyer will rarely consider anything by an artist who hasn't a pedigree. If a painting has been exhibited in the salon it means a great Jaal. Unless an American artist is a member of the academy or the Society of American Artists it Isn't much use to try to sell one of his pictures. Besides, his former pictures and what they sold for play a very conspicuous part. In other words, without a pedigree the artist can't get into the show. . "The death of a great artist always means a rise in the price of his pictures. Suppose I had a number of Geromes and the death of Gerome was cabled tonight, I should be worth several thousand dollars more in the morning. The death of Shreyer was recently announced, and just as the art dealers were congratulating themselves the news that he was alive and well came, and Shreyer prices dropped as quickly as they had risen. "Yes, there are tricks in the trade, I suppose. Every art dealer has a European buyer who knows the history of all schools, all prominent paintings and their values by heart. Consequently, he knows a bargain. Again, we sometimes anticipate a fad or a coming demand for a certain school and lay in a stock, as it were. "Sometimes we keep a painting live or six years before we can get our price for it. Our price is what we believe it is worth and what we believe It will bring some day. For Instance, I have one piece that, I want $10,000 for. I have had it for three years. What I paid for It would be telling. I got it in Paris, and I compliment myself upon my judgment. The lirst year a certain rich man offered me $7,000 for it. I refused. Last year he offered me $8,000 for it. This year he went up to $i,000. He comes in about once a month to look at 4t. The pictuie Is growing on him. I shall get my price for it yet maybe next year. It is hardly worth our time to handle a picture that is worth less than $200; in fact, that is my minimum figure, and I sell far more for $2,000 than $200. "It Is wonderful how the artistic taste In this country has improved and grown during the last twenty years. You have no idea of the number of persons there are who own fine pictures and who know a fine picture when they see it. The Metropolitan Art Museum has done a grand work. The day has passed when the rich owned a painting because It was a painting. Now it must be a good painting or none at all. The path of the first-rate artist has never been fo smooth and the path of the mediocre artist never so thorny as now. As I said before, when a picture reaebes the $50,000 point It becomes purely a. matter of possession, but ten paintings at from $2,000 to $10,000 are sold now where one was twenty years ago." a. "Wall-Street Moentter. ' ' ' Nev York Commercial Advertiser. T The bank messengers of Wall street are old men. Mown crav in. the service, who

have been runnlnc around th ame streets and in and out of the fame offices fnr ths last forty years. They are started out in the mornins about 10 o'clock with fifty or sixty rPr to collect. There are sight drafts, notes, coupon ani a miscellaneous lot of other matt?r that must all be collected before 3 o'clock in the afternoon. These papers are arranged In proper order before the messenger gftes out, anl the head of the department knows exactly what each ha in his pojession, ani ran come pretty rear locating him at anv hour of the day. Every runner is supplied with a larg leather pocketbook. generU.y strapped or chained to his waist, in which he carries his papers and the money and checks which he receives. It is no uncommon thing for a man to collect $UX) to $5,000 in ca?h, while the amounts in checks runs way up In the huntress of thousands. It ran be readily understood that terrrtations are put in the way of these underpaid, hard-worked messengers, and their honesty und?r the circumstances is little short of surprising. PASSING OF THE HORSE.

Ills Lsrfulnc Heine Kapldly Curtailed A Poor Machine. New York Evening Tosh We print in another column a very virulent letter directed against the horse, which, however, is not very far astray as to the future of that animal. Uut it is hardly fair to say of him that he has been "found out." There never has been any concealment or pretense about him. He has, for some thousands of years, shared with the camel the duty of furnishing the human race with its one means of rapid locomotion. But no one who had any experience of him ever denied his extraordinary imperfection as a machine. What, with his diseases, and tenderness, and temper, and stupidity, he has been singularly Ineffective as a mode of motion. In fact, it has been so difficult to make good use of him that the management of him has been. In all ages, a very difficult art, acquired only by very few people. Nor has he been particularly ornamental. The ordinary horse Is not handsome. To get a handsome horse, vry careful breeding, followed by a close, confined, artificial and unhealthy life is absolutely necessary. To stay handsome, a horse has' to be shut up in an expensive house, and treated, with as much care as an Invalid, and under the best of circumstances he does not last very long. Happy is the man who has a saddle horse In use for five years. The number and variety of known and understood diseases to which he Is liable are almost comic, to say nothing of the mysterious ones which no "vet" can find out. Ills attacks of insanity and panic, too, are frightfully frequent, although his courage in battle is undoubted. Why, then, has man put up with him so long? For the simple reason that there was no substitute for him for traveling or fighting purposes. lie has held his own because ne had no competitor. He has been thrown out of employment as fast as science produced other means of getting the work done. The railroads stopped his use for long journeys. The old stage horse is gone. It seems marvelous now that he could hold on so long when twelve miles a day was about as much as could be got out of him. The trolley and the cable car arc driving him out of employment as a feeder of the railroads. Now he has been attacked In his last stronghold as an Instrument of pleasure by the bicycle. In truth, as fast' as means of doing without him are discovered he is laid aside. The chances are that some means of supplying electric power to light vehicles, like the bicycle or buggy, will be discovered before long, and then he will be relegated to cavalry, polo and hunting. Hiding in a wagon behind a horse is, in truth, not unlike employing as a driver a person liable to occasional fits of acute insanity. What may bring them on cannot be foreseen. A wheelbarrow, a bird in the bush, a railroad train or a big dog may turn any horse into a maniac and kill his owner or his family. This long dependence of humanity on the horse has furnished a striking illustration of the adaptability of the race to Inevitable circumstances. Although he fell very short of furnishing, cheap, easy, or safe locomotion, he has been treated in all ages as one of the noblest of beasts. The description of the war horse in the fHible has been accepted for many ages as a good picture of the reality, although Very few horses indeed ever answered to it. The fact, too, that he is extraordinarily difficult to use and manage, far from causing complaint, simply developed a new art which was held in great honor and brought In much profit to Its possessors. Nobody has ever blamed or depreciated the horse for being vicious, or silly, or intractable, or skittish, or obstinate, or tricky. The blame has all fallen on man for not being able to get the better of him. The good horseman who can successfully resist the horse's efforts to get rid of him has always been held in high esteem, but nobody has ever found fault with tho horse for trying to get rid of him. If the horse had been looked on as what he really was, however, an industrial machine, he would have been treated as a calamity. A machine which behaved as he has behaved would have been universally decried and shunned. Hut there is one excuse for him of which our correspondent makes no mention, which accounts for some part of his failure to progress in historic times. His size and peculiarities of digestion have made his close association with the more culti vated portion of the human species impossible, lie has consequently been cut Off from the advantages enjoyed by the dog, which everywhere shares In household life, ha become man's friend and companion, and co-operates intelligently in some of the work of the world. This is largely due to the fact that the dog is able to enter the dwelling house and lie by the fireside and live in constant and familiar intercourse with his master and his family. The hore. on the other hand, is relegated to the mercies of one of the lowest classes of the community, the hostlers, or grooms, or teamsters, who, as a rule, tyrannize over him, and suppress or discourage rather than develop his intelligence. In their hands. In fact, he is exposed to aU the blighting influences of slavery. The life he leads under their rule, combined with the unhealthfulness of the abodes in which they keep him, would brutalize man himself. To show the importance of this we have only to look at the horse under conditions of life similar to those of the dog, as in Arabia. There he grows up In the tent or at the .tent door, among the children, and although he does not join in the family life as intelligently as the dog, the owner's care and companionship have made him far more sociable than the European horse. Tho "runaway," or panic, is unknown among Arao horses, and so Is what we call "vice" that is, bits of deviltry intended to mar his usefulness. He is gentle, tractable, ready to serve and do his best, and is In such sympathy with his master that he is not afraid of ar.ymlng which does nor frighten his rider. As matters stand the cheap horse, with few good points, seems doomed. The costly gooa-looking horse will probably last long for hunting and cavalry, and great pains will be taken to breed him. The demand for cavalry will always be great, as long as the art of killing remains In such high esteem. No charging machine will ever be invented, bjt it is a question whether scouting will not be done far more effectively on bicycles than on horses. In that sort of service bottom and swiftness are what tell, and In these the horse, as compared to the wheel, is "nowhere." Hut we must not discharge the horse without recalling the great part he has played in the work of civilization, and the number of glorious fields on which he has k.id down his life side by side with hi master. The epitaph on the Duke of Wellington's Waterloo charger has much suggestion in it: "God's humble instrument, though meaner clay, Must share the triumph of that glorious day." I njiiMt Dlncrlmluntlon. New York Kvening Sun. On June 2 and thenceforth, unless there is legislation to the contrary, it will be illegal for a citizen of this State to pet shaved In a barber's shop on Sunday at any hour in th day, and in New York city and .Saratoga after the hour of 1 p. m. The inhabitants of Brooklyn. Duffalo. Rochester or any other place, who, from nervousness or whatever other cause, cannot use the razor with succors, and at the same time are afllicted with a fruitful chin, will consider themselves as discriminated against. If the Governor wants to prove that there was no impartiality in his action, he will proclaim, under hi hand and seal, that on the Sabbath he will exercise his individual skill upon his own face, or go unshorn. He Wanted to Know. Puck. J-lttlo Clarence (with risfng inflection) Pa ? Mr. Callipers (sternly) Now. look here, my son. If you ask any more foolbh nuestioi I'll send you to Led. Understand? "Ves. sir; l-ut mayn't 1 ask you just one more question, II it isn't foolish?" ."Yes: If It i not foolish." "Well, pa, don't you suppose that when ."lor.ah found himself tnsld the whale his first thought was that he had been thut up In a folding bed?" Use .Hall's Hair Renewcr and reialn the natural color and beauty of the hair.

KIPLING'S 'MULVANEY'

Tim orwiixAL niARACTna is ow LIVI.XG IX SA FJtAXCISCO. Ills Annie Is William MrManna and 11 Verifies the Itelnoarnntion, of Mulvaney nt Delhi. San Francisco Call. A new literary sensation has been unearthed on the Pacific coast. A writcf has found the original of RVlyard Kipling'f "Private Mulvaney." the; Jovial, dare devil cron of the "Soldiers Three." Mulvaney'j real name is William .McManns. He has been a resident of Fan Francisco for more years than his biographer has been famous by picturing to the world the adventures of Privates Mulvaney. Orthcri3 ani Learoyd. of the "Black Ty rones." ".In fact," says the writer. there was no -such regiment as the Tyrones in th East Indian service, but the Highty-Mxta Regiment was the Royal County Downs, and it is identified as the one of which Kipling writes in his talcs. "William McManus started for San FranCisco a few months after the 'Reincarnation of Krishna Mulvaney' actually occurred at Delhi, lie has lived here ever since and is well known to the few Hast Indian veterans on the coast. Rudyari Kipling has generously bestowed upon the hero of the 'Incarnation of Krishna Mulvaney a considerable quantity of rupeei and a massive geld chain fhat the priest in tho temple gave him as hush money for deserting his palanquin without exposing his identity as a mere human being and, one not very rober at that. Tho fortune and some other flourishes that Kipling has given the narrative to make it a good bock story, but tho facts of the case are about as Interesting and nearly the same as Kipling relates. i "Yes, it was William McManus who rode in that palanquin; it was William McManus who gave Kipling the sound advice not to 'name places, for r man is thracked by a place which Kipling carelully followed In his tales. It was William McManus who courted Dinah Shadd; but he did not marry her. It was he of whom Kipling wrote in. Private Learroyd's Story: 'Mulvaney grizzled, tender and very -wise lhsses. sweltering on the earthwork of a Central India lino Judge if I have forgot ton old days la the Trap.' 'Them was the days I was bossIn a gang of native track layers on the government railroad. says William McManus. 'Well, 1 remember Kipling in these days a, plucky, inquisitive little fellow in the civil service, whom I first met at Cawnpore, where he passed his bottle around among us privates, and then got us to tell him all the yarns of the barrack room. He had a little, stubby black mustache and wore spectacler. He stopped at my bungalow on the railroad and helped me out on a square meal. And 1 was mighty glad of the chance to be civil to him." Private Mulvaney that Is to fhv, William McManus was born in the Grecian archipelago, on the Island of ct-phaioiua, in anj. Both his father and mother were Irisn born and reared, and his father wa a private in tho Thirtieth Regiment of the line. Two years and a half later, when the army was returning to Kngland. the elder McManus died atwja and was buried off the Island of Malta. When William was eighteen years old his mother married again, and it was then that he took up the sword of his father and entered her Majesty's service. He enlisted at the Royal Darracks in Dublin as volunteer for the Crimea; but the peace of Odessa waa signed Nov. 14 of that year, and his draft was cent to the tchools of instruction at Curragh of Kildare and Aldershot. "Where did I first meet Kipling:" said McManus; "that was at the Well of Cawnpore the place of the massacre, you .know. Five of us were elttlng around the well one afternoon, when a civilian roae up and dismounted. Ho had fieldglasses ana carried a satchel. He wasn't cleanly shaven, I remember that. Charley Hood aas with me, and Jack Crothy and Dili Gun, and I don't remember the others. . " 'Were any of you in DlooiTB'Eaiteryr Kipling said, as lie came over and took a seat. Of course, we didn't .know, who ha was. I never found out his name' till 1 was Just going to leave India, though" I uw a good deal of him a-fter that time. ' "Pill Gun said he was in Wood's Rattery. "Then Kipling out with his bottle, and asked If we had any objection to tasting his bottle. Oh, we had no objections, and the bottle waa soon empty". ,Then Kipling went off and got another botfly We soldiers couldn't buy it regulations strict. Then he sat down and had a long talk with Bill Gun and all of us. Bill 'had been in the first relief of Lucknow and. was hemmed In there by the natives. He -'fol i;Kipling all about that all about hor' the natives started in to undermine the" residence, and then how Outram undermined their mine. He told him about digging a big pit where the women and children were placed lor safety, and how It was the women down in the pit who lirst heard the pipes playing, and called out to the soldiers that the 'Campbells were comlnR. Then we told, him about the Nana Sahib's doings and all of those things. "He used to come Into the canteens at night and hear all tho stories that were going. He was alwayB poclablc, but never had much to say himself." When Kipling came to vi.xlt McManus on the railway, the latter said to him, in tht language of private Mulvaney: "I'm a civilian now. Cud you tell that I was ivcr a martial man? Don't answer, sor. If you're strainin' be tune a compliment an a lie." "It was that time." says McManus, "that Kipling had brandy and tiffin in my bunjralow. He came down to the. track on a hand-car, pushed by two natives, along with Mr. Curling, the assistant engineer. The first thinfr he said to me was: " 'I've Been you before, haven't IT M,ycs, sir, at Cawnpore, I raid, and then he remembered men and stayed and had a lonr? talk. "Well, then I went a-divlng. It was b!g pay but bad work. It waa scraping vessels and the like of that. I saved up a good bit and then went down to Delhi on that tear. Y,es, I rode in a palanquin, and had lots of fun while it lasted. When It was over 1 was broke again, liut while 1 was diving I met Kipling often. He used to go to the canteens to talk to the old soldiers. Once he asked me If I didn't want a better job than I had. but I was satisfied then, and told him I was. "When I left diving I got a pars to Penang. and was In charge there of the waterfalls at Prince Edward island In the Straits of Malacca, between India and China. I met Kipling there again. This time he told me his name and said he was going to Hong Kong, and that if ever I wanted a friend to send to him In caro of Captain Newball, the master attendant of the navy at Hong Kong. Then, after Kipling went to China, I got a pass to Rangoon. That's where 1 shipped on the Aphrodite for San Francisco." He XVnm All Illftht. Truth. "My daughter, be not deceive.!." As the aged father laid his hand caressingly on the head of the beautiful girl who knelt at his feet, '.here was a cuggest'oa of deep seriousness In his voice. "This young man who has asked jou to marry him." he said, "has all of the outward blandishments that attract a young girl, b-.t if 1 mistake not h is latking in thoe deep and solid tiaits which alone are the best materials that husbands arc made of. You tell me he has nn artists nature, wn.ch, beautiful and attractive la itself, I fear-" "Put father-" , . 4W "Hear me out," continued the old man. "Which, I fear, will never put money In his purse. You tell me that bo is learned and has history upon the tips of his lingers, but is this the knowledge that will surround you with the comforts of life? You speak of him as ioetlcal in his ideas, with some, literary ability. Ah. my daughter, will his taste for literature put bread In your mouth I grant that the yo:nir fellow is attractive, and that he is persevering, as vou tell me, speaks in his favor: but believe me, the bext love is the most practical, my dear. It' is a love that counts the dollars, and looks out for tho material well being. Has this young man fihtsna anv capacity in this direction?" The beautiful creature at his side looked up triumphantly into the old man's face. "Yes, indeed, father." she Joyfully replied; "I have not told you before, but h(f has one of the best collections of Napoleonic relics on record." And then the shrewd old financier, his form trembling with deep emotion, gathered her in his aims as he exclaimed: ".My daughter, will you forgive me? I could not hive picked out a better man myself." Contagious. Washington Star. "Now, sir," said the professor of mediclaet, "you may tell me to what clas of maladUJ Insomnia belongs." "Why er " rrplled the lndo!eat youti, "it'H a contagious disease. " "I never heard It so described. Where d.'d you learn of this?" "From experience. Whenever my neighbor's dog can't sleep I'm Just as wakefi &a he l."