Bloomington Post, Volume 2, Number 50, Bloomington, Monroe County, 10 November 1837 — Page 1
Published every Friday morn ins: Office on ill a in CrossStrcct, first door West oOIaj. llilat'. Volume 2. BLOOTIIGTO, INDIANA, FRIDAY NOVErtlDER lO, 1837. : Number no.
i
EDITED AND rCBL.tStlEDjEVttlY.FRID.l Y BIT 31. L. I E A ii . TF.UMP. f wd dollars in advance, two fifty in fix months and three at the end of the vear. No paper will.be discontinued.utitil aUarrcarages are paid up. (j-A.VE3Tlsr.MF.NTso eipht line? or less, will he published three weeks for one dollar, and '25,conts for each additional insertion. All advertisements'timst be marked'with the number of insertions, or they will be inserted till forbid and charged accordingly. The cash must inv-tri.ibly accompany advertisement!? fro:n a distance or they wi.l not receive attention. All letters and communications addressed .to the editor must be free of posta.re. No variation whatever need be expected from tiiese Wrm.
List of Agents Afor the I'ost. The fallowing gentlemen are requested and ambori?.da to act ae agents: to receive Subscriptions', Job Work, Advertising Ace. and receipt for the same. Thomas C. Johnson, Spencer, la. H. H. Throop, Milt Grove, la. Samiel II.Smyth, Eowlinggreen, la. liAMAUEt. MlT-tSAPS, FairfaV, I I. Wm. Herod, Efq. Columbus, la. r G. Watmax, Martinsburg, la. L. A. Rawlitgs, New Albany, It. J. P. Irwi, Louieville, Ky. George Mat, Faikersburjj, Montf mery Cc la. W.M. S. RoEERTS, Esq., Nashville, la. IV. I. B. Maxwell, Frankfort, I t. John Batterion, Greencnstle, la. Gsatux 0. Dtfss, Esq. Bed ford, 'In liana.
The following address was delivered to th Marion cinty Agricul uraljSocicty, at their lato annual Fair, ly the Her. A. WYLIE, President of Jndiunu College. Cvntinufd.) Il.ivingcon!dered some of the ills whieh'in foe oilier renditions in life and from which thrxt of the farmer is comparatively fiee, let us in the next place, contemplate some of the many positive advantages which ho either enjoys exclusively, or, in greater fullness an 1 perfeetiuiiitha i others. Among thee let us Hrt advert to those. im'. v.ilit luxuries which, with a liule care, he may procure in abundance from the products of his own soil, luxuries, not like those of foreign grown, or artificial ia their composition, and which, for the most part are at once expensive or pernicious; but which are delightful to ths tns'e, pleasing to the eye, and salubrious ia tin use. In th-3 early part of sum nor, the garden the orchard yield the strawberry, the gooseberry, the cherry and the current ; and afterwards, as the season advances, the apple, the. peach, the pear, the grape, this cucumber, and the melon. To these ai l the aparius, the tomato, the celery, the onion a vegetable fco-e juice strengthens the laborer to endure the heat and toil of summer, and enables his system to repel fever. 'iio carrot, the beet, the cabbage in'alt its varieties, and, besides many cfhcr valuable and delicious esculents which need not be mentiou"din particular the po'ato taken fresh from the furrow and properly prepared, its mealy side3 laughing through its broken c .it, as it lies on the poor man's platter; it is it-elf almot a feast. There too is the produce of the poultrypard, egg, pulle'.ts, kids, pigs'ic. intabundance. And there, moreover, stands in the dew y morning, thai living image of peace, and gentleness undj kindness and docility and domestic quiet, the sweet-breathed cow there Vhc stands, slick ns a mole, with placid look and distended udder, ready to impart a bev crape O never tea or cotfee displace it from the children' cup for. a the chy mist can lst tell you, it contains that which will make their bones prow strong and their sinews tough and their cheeks full and blooming. The stimulating drink produced fromlhe LforegnJherb, or berry, and prepared by Vulcan in an udder of iron or tin, may urge their nervous system sooner to maturity, and consequently seem to brighten the intellect of the pert and forward youth who has been accustomed from infancy to t'susc. Hut it is all fallacious; "Soon ripe soon rotten,' is asaying that istrue,of the human faculties as well as of fruits. And here, by the way, let
inc shew a further npplica'ion ofn principle before laid
down. I have saidlthat farmers did not sufficiently re
pect t! emsehrs. Hencelhat infatuation which I have
seen M anifested by some families resident in the conn
try and r aking out somehow to ave on their farms,
though unworthy the name of fanners. They aped the townspeople in every thing belonging loBtlu:ir domestic habits, from a vain and silly notion they had a- ' lout gentility and the polite world! Pee the difference in circums'auccs between a family in town and one in tho country, The landed property of the former is a lot of perhaps one quarter, or, it may be, one eighth of an acre. They cannot afford the luxury of a cow ; and the tea-keltic i"s mad) to supply the place of one a wretched substitute! Now, if you saw this family trying to imitate you who live ia the country erecting a Hied in their back Yard, iflarce enough to admit a cow,
and if not, making use of the cellar as a stable, or if
thev have no cellar, using their hat-u-parlor lor the purpose, rather than do without a thing so (valuable as a row to a rising family hy, we shoul.Uay there4was
Komc tense in such imitation 1 or U would bo resonal'c for them to put themselves tosome inconvenience, that they might have a delict his bowl of milk, with which to regale themselves and their children, instead rf thnt parching, w "nhering, nerve-consuming beverage to which thry had been accustomed. Hut to reverse the picture, and sec the mia.i-kry take tho opposite course, reorle ia the count rv ue.!.:ting tho peculiar advanta
ges rf their condition; r,-i only so. hut actually ashum-
cd ol them, and not only lorcgomg mem, mil casting them aside w ith contempt, and then imitating tho people of the town, in those very thincs to which titty sub
mit as hardship ami privations imposed on them by
their confined situation, or MraightcnedJcircums
res, can any conduct be more absurd and couiempti-
tie?
A second advan'age which belongs pre-eminently to thu condition of the farmer i3 the opportunity which it
cives of enjoying the beauties of nature. The balmy
brealh of a summer morning, tho soft and gentle closo
of the evening, and even the still repose of sultry noon, have charmes that are every where delightful: but
lhy lire doubly so in the country, for there a thousand
heightening circumstances conspire to enhance each principal source of delight. It is not, for instance, the invigorating breeze of the morning alone, but that, in nnnnaviAII .1-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . C.Anrrr nT llm f I'linr Miitlir mntfinn
ana the birds singing among the branches, a concert ol
wild harmony the more pleasing because it suits the
scene and speaks to the heart, of innocense and freedom;
and the sun's earlv ravs streaming through the open
ings of the forest, glancing across the dew bright mea
dow, and diffusing abroad over earth and sky a jov-in-
sniring influence. It is not the still repose tf sultrv
noon alone: but it is that, in connection with the wood
land pasture, over-arched by the mingled branches of
the oak, the maple, the walnut and the beech, while the rich carpet of bluegrass is spread beneath, and on it lie reposing the ruminating herd. It is tint the soft and gentle close of evening alone: but it'is'that, in connexion with the children, w ith all their noisy glee, returning from school, and the tired mower, with no Ics.n glee, though w ith soberer peace, returning from the
smooth shorn meadow which sends up, from the sweet-
scented hav, rolled in ample volumcsdisposcd in par
allel rows over its level surface, a perfume more delicious than that which is wafted on the odorous sales
that flow from -Araby lliofcMest." I have read with delight the celebrated description 'niven bv Aelian ot
the vale of Tempo: and, certainly, it is enough to cre
ate rapture in every readerhat possesses a ta-.!e for the beauties of nature. Hut what is Tempo, in reality, or what is it even in Aelian's admirable description.
comnartil wit u w nat is presented to the view in a we
i 1 ------- cultivated and tastefully arranged modern farm? Per lb" gray oats tin yellow wheat, the deep green corn, each in its ilit'erent field, all at once undulating, like ti ii h sea vf plenty, before tlio liee.v:! Heboid the field e f red clover in full bloom! What a banquet to the seiues! Hut it is surpassed still by that w hich blooms latest among the gifts ofCeres the field of buckwheat!
It is a tangled wild -mess ef
is a tangled wild -rness ol sweets, swarmmc w ith
tnvriad?ui mv riuds of b'-es, makiim the'wbole air res
ound with the humol th ir nimtle wins. ns thev col
led the precious r.rotar for the hive which not all their envenomed slings can protect against the'pioprietor when he comes, w ith spade'and brimstone match, to assert his right lothe gathered store. To the contemplative mind tho hook'of nature olTers niPlter for sjrculation that is both pleasant cad profitable; and it deserves to be specially noticed, among the advantages bolongingjo the condition of the farmer, that its pages are always open brfoto his eye. lie can find 'Tongues in trees, sermons, in stones; books in the running brexiks, and goexl in every thing." The wisdom of the Author of nature he may sec inthe manners and instincts of the animalsthat Mock his farm, are n. a le the instruments of hi toil, ami. in various other
ways, administer to his assistance and' comfort. Who
can ob-crve the manners of pa'iuntox, the mettlesome and sagacious horse, the inmsvnt sheep, the faithful dog. nt:d even the sly, demure, and suspicious cat the senic of dcptuidance on man w hiclf the.-e useful Cieatures manifest their giatitudc und fondness when fesl by his hand their tender care for their ofT-pring thosprigh'ly movements and playful propensities of tho young, contrasted with the sober and sage gravity of the old who, I say, can observe ihcse "an 1 other characteristic varieties of annimated natutc, as displayed in the sphere of life which surrounds the farmer, without deriving from thcia lessons of pleasing instruction? And, w ho can be employed, in the midst of these innocent?scenes in training and Jfteding domestic .animals, w ithout imbibing, to the improvement of his own temper, the influence of that spit it of happy and contented innocence which has ever distinguished the inhabitants of the country and which so delightfully breathes upon them from the surrounding scenei y ? To all this let me add that the emp!oyment of the farmer brings him into closer iutimacy w ith Nature than .t : ie -i "
outers can enjoy, ne is inrown upon her resources
for (hat very eflicieney which gives success to every labor of his hand. He is hcr 'pupil, her protege, her companion and her guest. He worships in her temple, and hears her voice speaking to him from its inmost shrine. To him most emphatically it may be said, that "day unto day uttereth speech and night unto night teacliPth knowledge." The seasons each in its order presenting new forms of nature fill him with awe ami delight, and religious veneration towards that Allwise and beneficent Power w ho has made and governs all things. 'I hespring, w ith its gay attire of blossoms and flowers; and summer and autumn loaded with
fruits; und even" stern winter emptying on thefro7.en earth his magazines of hail and snow and shakTne the
stripped forest with his bleak and'stormy blasts, bring,
each, innumerable pleasures in their tram, to the mind that is open to enjoy them. And those are so equal yet so different among themselves that we know not well
which to prefer. Thai-portion of the year, is, I believe, generally preferred which Pol measures off by his pres
ence among the northern signs. IJut for the provident C. . . L . I . I - .
armor me tuner portion ormgs enjoyments that are
still richer. He is prepared. His flocks are in tin; fold; his herds at the stall. His inows'arc'full of hay; and his wood-house with fuel; and his "cellar with
Iruits. And let it snow! It will but McAdamize the roads and glaze them for the merry sleigh and the more'uscful sled, while thc'mullled driver, exhilerated
by the oxygen ol ihe keen air and the nitre of pure snow "thrice bolted by the Northern blasts," sings with
u ueogm, vvnicn is uy no means dimmislied by antici
pation of the blazing hearth and warm supper prepared
uy ins Kiuei marwi 10 greet iiis return. J. litis is there
provided for the farmer,and served up by the Seasons
a pure banquet of successive delights. Others, it is
true, share in them also. Hut he has theTirst and best of every thing: others must be content with the refuse.
1 shall close this part of my address by mentioning one
oiuei auvantage belonging to the farmer, that of bring ing up his family in habits of industry and economv
The main point in a good education, und that without
wtncn an else is nothing,and .less than nothing and
vanity, is to teach the child industry. This, in jrencral.
none but a parent can do. Nor canevprv nnrnt do it.
In towns and villages there is nothine in which rhil-
1 t. .. . I I rr - c .
uren can do employed. 1 o go to scnoo co.istnnt v s
not good for children. It makes them puny and inefficient. The body needs exercise with growing; and exercise of the properjvind can no where be found So well as in tho business of the farm. Never. 1 venture
to say, can industry be taught in any institution except a family or at least, such institutions as are constituted
on the same principles as the family. A boy may, admit, become industrious in almost any circumstances
and so may he become his owu instructor in any thing
he pleases. There are those who will make their way
to eminence any how. If obstacles lie in their way,
thev w ill not only surmount them, but will make them
the means of surmounting other obstacles with greator
iHciiuv. oucti are rsuiures lavomos. tier ore is. ui
their breast and her conquering mightfis in their arm
They may do for themselves, but for others prudence
must employ her best helps. And these are no where
to be found in equal perfection, as in the household and
.nder the paternal eye of the prudent and industrious
larmer. I have said enough to show that the condition of the farmer is not only exempt from many 'ills and annoyances which infestjjmost other callings in life, but that it far surpasses most of them in positive advantages. And, now let me exhort you w ho are so fortunate as to bo placed in this condition, to love it andjimprove it, never, unless at the call of some imperative obligation, to exchange it for another. A discontented man, is always thriftless. He works with a load'on his back, or rather on his'heart, which crushes all.the springs of
enterpnze. lo change or chance tw in,brothers, he is
ilwavs looking for relief: vSj every honest worthy farm
er can testify that these are two of the arranlest knaves
that ever crossed man's path. .Men are always loo prone to overbxik, or undervalue the things which they i tiave in comparison with such as are not in their Mis
sion. IJut so manilesl is the excellence ol those num
erous articles of comfort and convenience which every
considerate farmer has around him, that one would think ho needs nothing more to reconcile himself to his
eniuution than simply to compare it with that ot his tellow citizens who are engaged in other pursuit, but the misfortune is, that false ideasof refinement, derive'', as I have already stated, from those modes of living w hich the circumstances of people ia towns and cities have compelled them to adopt, have in too many instances, introduced into the country an absurd way of thinking in relation to the matters. But for this, it never could have been thought that tea and colTo are better articles of domestic consumption than milk. Let your senses be the judge, and say, w hether the green sward is not better to tread on than a brick, or even a marble pavemeut; whether a mattrass of husks is not as good to invite repose as any thing the upholsterer can furuish ; whether a mixture of buttermilk und wa't r
is not a more ""cooling, and even a finer flavored'driulc
than lemonade ; w hether, for the female part ofvour
families, .substantial shoes or boots, w ith stacking rf
the ilecce of your ow n fW'ks, are not more comforiab'e in winter, as well as a surer defence against consumption, than silk'and prunelle; whether, in tihurt,Vomfoit iu not lx.t er than show or, eren if we regard show, whether the lily and the rose are not to be preferred before the coronet of Lings. by exhortations to contentment, however, let mo not be understood as recommending that stupid insensibility, sometimes mistaken for this virtue, which aspires after nothing higher and better than what it has already attained. N'i, fellow-citizens, let improvement be your mutto. Jxiok at your eiwn advertisement, every line of which bg;egs wiih "i'or the lesi' Strive alwajstobe the beta, & to have the best. T he host ihi' g will always command the highest pricejaud1 the icauicst sale, besides, when things aie in a bad condition, it is not hard to keep them getting still worse; and tin V
arc unpleasant towoikwith. further still: one bad thing makes another,'still, at last, all thingsare bad ; and then ruin is at the dor. Hail fences yeu knov , will make bad cattle and bad neighbors and bad cropn; and sometimes are the cause why there are no crops at all. to it is with every thing about afarm: and in-1 deed, so it is with every thing in all the concerns of men. The reverse of this remark is also true, but es
pecially in the business of farming, for there, in almost
every case, improvement may be advanced by a doub-
c operation, Itke that of transferring weight from one
scale to another. He, for example, who removes manure from his barn-yard to his field improves both; so that he will reap a bettor harvest from the one, and not
incur the danger, neither he nor his cattle, of being swamped in the other. And how pleasant must it be
lor the industrious farmer, at the close ot every vear,
to look around him and see every thing advancing; his
farm m better order; he garden and orchard yielding
richer truus and in greater variety and abundance; his
flocks und herds enlarging and improving; and the means of comfort and convenience multiplying on eve
ry side.
Again; sufler mo to remind yon of the vast impor
tance of so arranging your affairs and economizing your
time as to keep paco with the sun in his diurnal and an
nual revolutions. L.et the sun be your horomge: never
let him see you, or any of your family, except the
younger children, in bed. rsever let your work lag behind him, as he pursues his alternate journey from tropic to tropic. Remember that the proverb gives to father Time a foretop, but a bald sinciput. Mark well that the dilatory man never succeeds: and that the
seasons make no pause for the sluggard . Nature deics,
indeed, give something like a day ol grace, a second
opportunity, tor doing some tilings: but it is never so
advantageous as the first. An hour spent in the garden or cornfield, w hile the weeds are yet tender, is worth
thrice that time, when they have become rank and
strong. Much depends also on forecast. He who sees
beforehand and provides what will gbe needed in any undertaking has, every way, the advantage over one
who plunges headlong into the midst of aflairs, w ithout
system or preparation. I he implements to bo used in the various operations of husbandry during the sum
mer, should all be prepared and put in order during the
preceding winter: and every thing not in uso should be
deposited in its place, that it be not lost, and that no
time be spent in searching ior it when it is wanted
Un the importance of economizing tune to the far
mer 1 cannot enlarge. &Nor need 1. l or all are ready-
to admit that nothing is more precious than time, - let, by farmers as well as others, much time is spent in idle visits, in public meetings, shows of course, 1 do not
mean such as tho present, which I consider highly proper and in some sad cases, in loitering about places where they sell ardent spirits, lam none of those
who are easily carried away into extremes by any pop
ular movement. But how anv one can go too far in
letting alone ardent spirits is more than I can imagine In my youth it was the custom to use it liberally in the
harvest field, to keep out the heat, and ia winter to expel the cold. But we know better now. To the numerous facts before the public on this subject allow mo to a.ld one more: Lehmanouky, the Pole who now resides in this state and who was with Napoleon in all his battles from the siege of Toulon to the disastrous field of Waterloo, and w ho experienced the extremities of heat vfe cold, hunger and thirst, in the cumpaigns of ISgypt and of Russia, when, lately, I asked him how it was, that after, suffering simh incredible hardships, he should retain, now, at the tit? of sixty-four, the
sprightliness and vigor of thiuy-five, replied in these significant terms:"! was a! ways temperate: I drank no
ardent spiiits." If the farmer considers such facts as this and the time that must cost him to procure the poison then to drink itthen to talk and act foolish
ly w hile under its infiuence-then lo retrieve his affairs
from that disorder which the use of it always nroduces-
ud to this amount will add the years of which it will
curtail his life, he will find that his precious time had
better lie spent in any other way. than in. or near.
those pernicious places where fools resort, loitering and lounging under the influence of that contemnlible
imbecility of mind und bodv that is induced bv "the mo
derate use" of ardent spirits
Again: I wouiu recommend frugality to the farmer.
rhis is an important topic: but I cun only touch it now.
t makes no odds how la tee a man's revenues maybe
for he miy eaisily spend them all and more too, espe
cially with the' help of a wife and children. Everv
man who values his peace of mind and desires to live
loiirstly, w ill of course, set it down as an established
rule to bring his expenditures within his income. Kv-
ry man ought to lav up something for sickness and
old age. This mut b done while he is in the prime
life, bat he never can do it if he goes upon the
plan of always considering what he wants and not
raiher what he can do w ithout. For, there is no end to our wants. Necessaries being supplied, we wunt comforts; and then coavenienees and then luxuries. After that we wunt to accumulate; and w hen we begin to accumulate, we may go on, adding house te house aud field to field, without ever being nearer satisfaction thau when we ularled. In the judgment of avarice, th fee simple of the glob and ihe riches of the greedy tea were not caough. The farmer often strains a point that he uay purchase more land, when, in truth he ha too much already, better cultivate a small farm well, than a large oue, badly. Suppose, by manuring and dressing it, you can make a field of five acres j ield tw ice as much as before; it is better to do so, than to raise the same quantity ot!" two such fields. For half the seed and half the labor of culti vation is save 1; the crop will bj more easily gathered; aud, besides, you w ill have the other field ia use as pasture ground. It always will be important for the farmer to see that nothing out of doors is suffered to goto waste through his neglect. Within doors is the wife's province. How he i to prevent waste there caunot so well say. He may, before nmrtiage, give a shrewd guess whether Lis Du'.ciuea will be likely, by sicre-Lill and ill management, to -keep his uosc to ihe griad stone," or whether, according lo the design of holy wedlock, she will prove "a help meet for him." but if in this luinj he should be deceived why, that is a case not provided fr in my philosophy lot him make the best of a bad bargain, however; and oft let him refer the lady to Poor Kichard, alias, Benjamin Franklin, for advice, w ho, among other sage remarks, tells us that "u woman and children (he might have lelft out the children) can throw out with spoons as fast as a man can throw in w ith "noons as fast as a man can throw in w ith a
shovel a parado.T verified in the experience of many i ts i .
brokeii-iiearted tarmer meciianic, and professional
man. Ict the farmer beware ot small Hems of expense which are frequently recurring. The differ
ence between a state of dependence and penury where
in a man is put to his wits end to satisfy the want of the passing day, and the claims of his creditors and a state of easy competency, wherein a man fears no dunn,
is generally produced by no difference m the income
nor yet in the management of great and important
matters; but by a difference in the way in which small
expenses and trifling losses are regarded. In the ono cae, they are overlooked, because separately consid
ered, they areinsigniticant: ia the other, they are attended to, because, in the nggrcgate, they are seen lo
be considerable.
Allow me, on this oceRsion, to insist for a moment on
a matter, in regard to which I have observed people in general, but especially farmers, to be too negligent, I mean the preservation of health. Nothing costs tho farmer so mueh as sickness. For, leaving out of view the physician's bill, and the other expenses which it
occasions, it of couse puts a stop to the operations of tho
(arm, and often at a time when even a temporary suspension of them must be attended with scrioua injury.
but, you will say, sickness is unavoidable. This is a
mistake. In most of cases we bring it upon ourselves.
My oldest brother, an industrious furmor industrious
to a lault was one'e ploughing in a field, his blood heated by labor, when a rain came on. Loth to quit, because he wished to finished the task he had prescri
bed to himself he only urged his team the faster. And he did finish his task: and, with it the labors of life.
His exposure brought on a fever that proved fatal! O!
why will not people take warning from nature and ex
perience. In summer time, w hen a storm approaches reiterated peals of ulai m arc sounded in the sky, and
glittering tokens are brandished in the van of the ele
ment war. Why? 1 inquire not after the cause, but the end and intention. Why? but that people at work in the fields, and whose bodies, on account of the season
and the exercise, are of a temperature much above that of the descending torrent, may see and hear the signal of danger w hile yet it is not so near as to cut off their
retreat. In winter the signal is not given; for then a rain is not likely to produce a fever, because it is nearly of ihe same temperature with the body, and because the body is fortified against it, both by outward covering and inward vigor imparted by the season. To des
cend into parlicutars on such & subject on this occasion
would be improper for me. l et I could not well pass it over entirely. 1 shall only further beg leave to suggest, in the briefest possible manner, a few things, ttw generally overlooked, on which much depends as to the preservation of health. First of all tcmperpIiTe. As to exercise 1 need say nothing, since it is t farmers I speak, and they have enough of it. Second, cleanliness in pereou and rcslder.ee. Tliird, let the' clolhiug tw
o
