Weekly Wabash Express, Volume XXI, Number 39, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 2 September 1863 — Page 2

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WEDNESDAY,... SEPTEMBER 2, J863.

OCTOBER £Ij CTIOIV.

UNCONDITIONAL UNION TICKET

FOR COUNTY AUDITOR, EDWARD B. ALLEN". FOR COUNTY RECORDER, RICHARD J. SPARKS, 'FW APPRAISER OF REAL ESTATE,

ALFRED B. PEGG. I/OB. 8TATK LEQIBLATOR,« RUFUS H. SIMPSON.

Tfie Condition oftlic Rebel CJovnrn mcnt. Every day indicates the more clearly that the rebel authorities are sinking beneath the trials to which they have subjected themselves and thoir people.

Tho late letter of TOOMB3 to the Georgia ContUtutionalut, places the financial diffi cultiea '.of that pretended government in a true light, and deplores the calamities which such a policy has brought upon the citizens of tho "Confederacy."

Ho admits in his letter that Secretary CHASE has displayed a skill in the management of the financial affairs of tho Federal Government, which has disgraced, and put to shame the financiers of the South.

He farther Hays that their system is "utterly insupportable. It is upsetting the very foundations of private rights, impoverishing the people, weakening public confidence in their cause at home and abroad, and sowing dangerous discontents among the people which are daily deepening aDd widening."

It is evident, aside from every other consideration that the financial question with the rebel leaders must sink them to a speedy ruin. TOOMBS says, in the commencement tho rebel and Federal Governments wero on an equality, so far as the question of money was concerned, but now while "Greenbacks" are at a discount of twenty per cent, their their money is only worth eight or ten coats on tho dollar.

But tho iron bio with theni cannot b,o remedied. His too late, and they aro being borne to ruin with tho utmost rapidity. It is not alone tho loss of tho navigation of (lie Mississippi river, or tho defeat of LICK in Pennsylvania, which so discourages the rebel leaders, and lends them to admit their cause almost hopeless, but it is in part, their wretched and ruinous money system which operates to oppress and plunder their misguided people. They have gone too far to retreat from it, and must submit to tho terrible consequences which its inception brought upon them.

This is one disastrous feature in tho affairs of the Confederacy, out of many. Its armios aro being reduced by hundreds and by thousands each day, and their barbarous conscription does not force half so many into the rebel servico as escapo continually by desertion. The masses in North Carolina, and in Mississippi and Northern Georgia, aro discussing tho subject of making terms with the Federal Government, and they are being led by men who defy openly, the power of JEFF. DAVIS, and those who are associated with him, in thoir efforts to establish that bogus government. Feuds are springing up in all the cardinal points of the Confederacy, and assuming such proportions as to have but little fear of molestation. The spirit, the fiery valor, and enthusiasm the fortitude aud daring which characterized the Confederate forces in the commencement of the struggle have vanished.

A Protestant preacher in Richmond stated the case for tho rebellion, in hia Fast Day Sermon, when he Baid: "A sad eclipse hatf come over our horizon, a palsy seems to have befallen our people. I know not how it is, but thero is less heart in mo than ever before."

On tho othor hand, our armies aro filled with exultation, and desertions are raro.— Their thinned ranks aro being rapidly filled up to their original strength, by volunteers and conscripts. They havo confidence in their commanders and a firm hope that a complete triumph will crown their magnificent efforts for tho restoration of the Union. B,ut it is not supposedJthat tho rebollion will yiold without another, and a desperate struggle. A few more fields of furious fight must bo tho result of tho preparations now going forward. But judging by the morale of the respective armies, the prospect of the Federal forces is highly oncouraging.

Tho lull of the past month will be soon followed by terrible storm of battle, and tho issue must, in the nature of things, be with the Federal arms. The rebellion will be forced to shrink to narrower limits and still more odious prortions.

A Large Increase of the Navy.

Tho Now York Tribune of the 28th says: Notwithstanding the numerous vessels added to tho Navy within tho past two years, tho work of construction is still to go

The

another

pairs

kou.—

Navy Department has just decided to build

fleet of iron-clad vessels. They

will bo longer and moro formidable than any now in the service of this or any other country—being iu fact perfect copies of the great Ericsson ocean ships Puritan and Dictator which aro now building iu New York.

This last now batch of vessels is to be tho most perfoct iu tho entiro Navy and in order to render them unexceptionable in every way, they are to bo built at tho Navy-Yards of "New-York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Naval Constructors alono :ire superintending them Work on tho vessels will soon commence. Kach will have

two

turrets of enormous thick-

iioss, and the side-armor will be some feet in thickuess. There will be for each vessel two

of direct-acting engines withje'

condensers, the cylinders of which are to be

vertical,

and placed immediately over tho

shafts: the diameter of each is to bo 55 inches, and the stroke of piston three foot. As thero are two of these eugiues, the speed of the vessel will be rendered as great as if the cylinder wore much larger. The borers are to bo of the horizontal tubular kind, with 900 square feet of grate, of not exceeding 6^' in length, and 22,500 heating surface. The tubes to be of brass, shells to be ^-inchos thick plates, with 7-16 inches thick bottoms and furnaces, and braced for a working pressure 35. pouuds per square inch. The screws to be of com position of copper and tin, 15 feet in diameter, of 22 feet mean pitch, to have 4 blades, aud to be 2 teet long. They will be sustained from

the

rtl'

counter of the ves

sel bv a brass hanger, and tho shaft will revolvo iu a brass pipe connecting the banger with the hull. There will be quired 8

blowing

Dimpf.l's No.«. lo bloiv into Each boiler will be required to The osoal

fire-room. Each, boiler have an auxiliary steam pump.

£r

saw

*-»§§gggj

Dumber of duplicate pieces, tools.instrumentej stores &c., required in such naval contracts a

The Department will advertise at once for turrets, which are to be built as rapidly as possible. fT" If Ji

Then and Noiw

It affords the truly^loyal inanStniich exultation to look back at the history of the events which occurred at Charleston at the close of the year 18G0 and tho first three months of the year 1861. A great change has taken place. Where the American flag was first shot down by tho organized forco of treason, it has been put up again by the indomitable valor of loyal trdopa.

On the night of December 90th, 1860, Major ANDERSON removed his garrison from Fort Moultrie, after destroying a portion of the war material of that port, and took up his quarters at Fort Sumter. In doing so lie was actuated by motives which havo never been questioned by any lruo friend of tho government. Fort Sumter was new, and Moultrie old and fast becoming untenable. The circumstances surrounding Major ANDERSON* at the time, indicated to him that tho government would, in a short time, become involved in civil war, and that he could best defend its interest by abandoning Moultrie and removing to Sumter, which he accordingly did. This movement on his part caused much bitterness and commetion on the part of the secessionists, and the leaders demanded of the puerile old traitor BCCHAXAN*, that he should order ANDERSON to return to Moultrie. This, however, was not done.

As a consequence, and for tho purpose of bringing on hostilities, tho rebel forces which had been gathered at Charleston, begun the treasonable work of erecting batteries around Sumter, for the purpose of forcing its surrender to them. ANDERSON was not permitted by the War Department of BICUANAN'B Administration, to molest these operations of organized treason, but he did all he could during this time to place the fort in a state of defense.

On tlihe 11th of April followiug the fire upon Sumter commenced from tho rebel batteries, and two days later, they forccd the Federal flag to yield its place to one extemporized by tho leaders of tho revolt. But tho rebels then sowed the wind and are now reaping tho whirlwind. BEAUREGARD was then tho assailant, now he is tho assailed. Two years of war, blood, and desolation for the Confederacy have changed tho aspect.

The dispatches of 3 8C1 which we publish show two things clearly, to-wit 1st That the Secessionists understood fully that they were inaugurating a war for the dissolution of the Union, and the establishment of a Southern Confederacy. 2nd, That in doing so they were entirely reckless in their work of horror and death.

The dispatches aro as tollows, and suggest their own comment.

CHARLESTON. April 12.—The ball is opened. War is inaugurated. The batteries of Sullivan's Island, Morris Island and other points were opened on Fort Sumter at 4 o'clock this morning. Ft. Sumter has returned the fire and a brisk cannonading has been kept up.

The military are under orders and tho whole of our population are on the streets.— Every available spaco facing the harbor is filled with anxious spectators.

CHARLESTON, April 12 p. M. The fight going on with intense earnestness and will continue all night.

It is not improbable the fort will be carried by storm. The soldiers are perfectly reckless of their lives, and at every shot jump upon the ramparts and then jump down cheering.

A party on tho Stephens battery aro said to have played a game of cards during the hottest of the fire. "The excitement in the community is in •tiscribable. With the first boom of the gun thousands rushed from their beds to the harbor front, and all day every available spaco has been thronged by ladies and gentlemen, viewing tho solemn spectaclo through their glasses. "Tho thunder of tho artillery can bo heard for fifty miles round, and tho scene is magnificently terrible "Capt. Parker and Senator Wigfall, of Beauregard's stall, amused themselves by rowing about tho harbor through tho hottest fire. "Senator Chcsnut, another member of the staff of Gon. Bo.uirogard, fired a gun by way of amusement, from Mt. Pleasant, which made a largo liolo in tho parapet." "Cn ARI.ESTON, April 13, M.—-Mfij. Anderson is hemmed in by ruins and fire. Every building in Sumter is burning. He has blown up ono or two to arrest the flames, lie has been compelled to ceaso firing altogether. "Maj. Andorson's flag has been shot away, and now waves from a polo on the ramparts.' "CHARLESTON, April 13.—Fort Sumter has unconditionally surrendered. "Ex-Senator Chesnut, Ex-Governor Manning and W. P. Miles have just landed and marched to Governor Tickens' residence, followed by a dense crowd, wild with joy. "The bells aio ringing out a merry peal, and our people arc engaged in every demonstration of joy."

Gen. Beauregard complains of Gen. Gil— moro's inhumanity and violation of tho rules of war. Iu this connection it will be proper to quoto tho following dispatch "CHARLESTON, April 13.—Hostilities have ceased, and the victory belongs to South Carolina. "After the flagstaff of Anderson was shot away, Col. Wigfall, aid to General Beauregard, at his commander's request, went to Sumter with a white flag, to otter assistance in extinguishing tho flames. He approached tho burnine fortress from Morris Island, and while the fire was raging on all sides effected a landing at Sumter. He approached a port hole and was met by Gen. Anderson.—

The commandant of Fort Sumter said ho had just displayed a white flag, but the firing from the Carolina batteries was still kept up nevertheless. "Col. Wigfall replied that Major Anderson must haul down the American flag that no parley would bo granted. Surrenderor fight was the word. "Cu.uu .KSTON, April 14.—When Fort Sum ter was in flames, and Auderson could only tiro hisgnns at long intervals, the men at our batteries cheeered at every fire which tho gallant Major made iu his last struggles, but looked defiance at (he vessels of war, whose men, like cowards, stood outside without lireiug a gun or attempting to divert a single battery from Sumter."

While these disoatcbes were being transmitted over the country from the birthplace of treason, it is rather interesting to read in what manner the intelligence was received in the Federal Capital.

The New York World contained the following: WASHINGTON, April 14.—It is definitely known thai Major Anderson formally surrendered Ft. Sumter to-day, tid left for New Ycrk City iu the steamer Isabel. Thus ends for the present the fight. "The excitement to-night is intense. At 11 o'clock tli« telegraph office and the hotels were crowded beyond all precedent' Uproar aud riot are leading to many arrests. "The President is iu consultation with a few select friends at a late hour to night. He is calm amid all the excitement, and stems fully equal to thejast thronging and mighty events."

The three last lines contained a great truth, of which Americans are proud. President XiiNCOLN was then, and is now "fully equal to the mighty events" of this revolution. The historian will so record it, and the generations to come, as well as the present one, will approve it.

But while President* LINCOLN was "calm amid all the excitement" what was the condition of the leaders of tho rebellion, then collected together at Montgomery in* Alabama? Read the following: "MONTGOMERY*, April 12.--An immense crowd serenaded President Davis and Secretary of War, Walker, at tho Exchange Hotel to-night."

The former is not well and did not appear. Secretary Walker appeared and declined to make a speech, but in few words of electric eloquence told the news from Fort Sumter, declaring in conclusion,that before manyhours the flag of the Confederacy would float over that fortress. No man,be eaid, could tell when the war, this day commenced, would end, but he would prophecy that the flag which now flaunts the breeze here wonld float over the dome of the old capitol at Washington before the first of May. Let them try Southern chivalry and test the extent of Southern resources, and it might float eventually over Fanenil Hall itself."

One more dispatch and wo stop: "MONTGOMERT, April 1G.—Tho Cabinet wero in council this morning. Mr. Lincoln's proclamation was read amid bursts of laughter.

The war then was "commenced" in the language of the rebel Secretary of War by the bombardment of Sumter, by Gen. BEAUREGARD. He could not then tell when it would end, but it requires no prophet now to tell when it will end, or how it will end.— The rebel fla£ is not flying over tho "old capital," neither does it "f"oat over Fanenil Hall itself," nor will it ever float there.

The "bursts oflaughter" with which Pres ident LINCOLN'S proclamation was received, hare died away. The only laughing which is beard in the "Confederacy," is the ghostly, fiendish,sepulchral, devilish laugh of traitors who can see the scaffold erected for their executions, in tho distance.

WIGFALL and Capt. PARKER no longer "amuse themselves by roving about tho harbor through the hottest fire."

But while the rebel batteries were thundering on Sumter on the 11th of April 1S61, aud while the traitors at Montgomery were giving vent to their feelings in burst of laughter bccause President LINCOLN had called for seventy-five thousand men to defend the honor of the nation and punish treason, DANIEL W. VOORIIKES was making a speech at Greencastle, and avowing that as a member of Congrceas, ho would "NEYER YOTE ONE DOLLAR, ONE MAN, OR ONE GUN TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN TO CRUSH OUT THIS TREASON AND REBELLION," and tho Journal ot: this city said "THE PATRIOTIC UTTERANCE WAS RECEIVED WITH SHOUTS OF APPLAUSE."

The record will last. Loyal men look on the record then, and now and rejoice. Your flag is triumphant.— Sumter is in ruins. The rebellion totters on its foundation of human Slavery, and will 'ere long fall to rise no more on the American Cont:nent.

A Free-Labor Press at Vicksburg. Hud any one declared, on the inauguration of Mr. Liucoln, that in less than two years and a half anti-slavery journals would be printed and supported iu Tennessee, South Carolina aud Louisiana he would have been pronoimced stark mad by nine out of every ten of our people. Yet to-day such journals are published in all those states, and already a marked change in public sentimenu is apparent as the result. No paper in the country is doing more for the cause of freedom thau the Nashville Union, which daily publishes to the world sentiments counted honorable to tho world over, but which two years ago would have sent the writer to a dungeon.

But the march of free labor sentiment has not stopped here. Even in Mississippi, the homo of JEKK. DAVIS, an anti-slavery journal is at once to be issued. Mr. F. MONTGOMERY, formerly editor of tho Virkaburg Whig, but for a year past an exile from his home, has issued a prospectus for a weekly paper, to bo published in that place, under the name of the Vickburg Union, anil having the following objects: 1st. To show tho South tho wonderful and miraculous effects produced throughout tho North by tho great moving cause of all their matornai grandeur and greatness—free labor. Whilo the South has remained almost stationary, and her inexhaustible resources arc comparatively untouched, the North, with a sterile soil and rigorous climate, has, by means of free labor, come to "blossom like the roses." Tho difHerence between the wealth, power and resources of tho two sections is perfectly amazing, and never was shown more clearly than in the present, unfortunato war.

Whilo the horrors of war havo been carried to every household iu tho South, extending to women and innocent children, and envoloping all in ono common gloom and ruin, tho North presents the singular anomaly of carrying on a war of stupendous proportions and incalculable expense, without in the least crippling tho resources of the people, or depriving them of a solitary source of comfort and enjoyment. In fact, the North nevor was so prosperous, and its inhabitants never woro so comfortable and contented as now.— While all this is true of tho North, it is pertinent for the South, enjoying as she docs unequaled soil, climate and productions, te inquire into tho cause of tho astonishing differencE in tho resources of the two sections. The Union will endeavor to show to tho South the causo of the contrast and its cure 2d. In the future adjustment of the difficulties at present existing, tho Union will endeavor, by reflecting tho Union sentiment of the South, to take a prominent and active part. 3d. l'ho Union will endeavor, by furnishing accurate aud reliable information, obtained by actual observation, to allsy the prejudices which southern demagogues have lor so many years persisteutly endeavored to stir up in the southern mind against the North, hoping, that when the two sections come to know each other better, each may learn to love the other more. 4th. While the Union will scrupulously avoid all counsels of fanaticism, it will, nevertheless, advocate in tho most solemn and earnest manner the entire and immediate, extinction of the-cause of all the prtsenl troubles, and the curse of the Saulh—African slavery.

Thus, in tho very place whero the first gun was fired by the slaveholders against the Federal flag in the spring ofl?61, iu less than three years thereafter a free presj, devoted the interest of free labor, is established, and will undoubtedly be.maintained. Mr. Montgomery left Cin. on Saturday last for Yickaburg, to complete his arrangements for the immediate issue of the Union.

About a dozen ot the soldiers sta

tioned here for a few days are in very ill health, and demand some attention from our citizens, especially the ladies, who aro ever reidv'io lend a helping hand to the sick soldier, when they know their services are needed Temporary arrangements weru made for their comfort yesterday, but they are in need of many littlo delicacies not provided the regular rations. Will the ladies rake notice.

The Captains of the several Compa

nies of the Legion in Vigo county, are hereby ouTered to have their full companies at the Court House in Terre Haute, atlOoclock, on Friday, the 4th day of September, 1663, for the purpose of organizing the regiment. Each company 'S'ill provide its own rations and camp equipments. Two days will probably be required to complete the business. H. D. SCOTT. Col.

Sept. 2,1863.

The Next Congress.

The Richmond Whig assuming that the butternuts will have a majority In tho next congress, and that they will do all in their power to force the Administration to i^ake some kind of a peace with the rebels, marks out tho following line of policy for them to pursue. He calls the attention of our Representative trt it. Perhaps portions of the programme will be new to him.

The Whip says of the butternuts. "They will have it in their power ao toem^ barrase the Buckeye Secretary of the Treasury as virtually to arrest the further progrrof the war. They can reduce the rate of interest on money already borrowel repeal the appropriation law of last session so far as relates to loans not yet negotiated, or Treasury notes not yet issued enforce tho prompt collection of the war tax declare repudiation inevitable, as their papers already admit reduce or abolish the secret service fund, which is nothing more than a reserve fund for Lincoln and Seward to meet the requirements of a Iifo in exile repeal the conscript law restore the State banking system, and thus bring bank notes into competition with 'greenbacks impeach Abe call for copies of the shoddy contracts entered into with Northeast em 'blue noses these, and a hundred other resources, which due 'inquiry canuot fail to develop, will furnish ample bases for the enforcement of their peace policy."

Rombardment of Vicksburg. Col. Duff, Chief of Artillery of the army of Gen. Grant, has furnished the following statement of the whole number of cannon shots fired during the campaign, commencing with the affair at Port Gibson, on the Mississippi^ and ending with the capitulation of Vickaburg.

From the time of crossing the Mississippi river, May 1st, till the surrender, July 4t!i, 18,889solid shot, 72,314 shell, 47,897 ease and 2,723 canister wero expended—making a total of 141,823. They were used in the several engagements as follows: 3,969 at Port Gibson 82 in the pursuit from Port Gibson 220 at Raymond 486 at Jackson 3,422 at Champion Hill 1,297 at Big Black River 9,598 on tho 19th of May (really the first day of the siege) 10,754 on tho 22d of May and 101,614 during the remainder of the siege —an average of 653 6hots for each cannon used. These are cannon shots the reader will remember. Add to these tho musketry, and some idea may be formed of the iinmonso amount af ammunition consumed.

Applications ol Steel.

Experiments havo been made in Frussia to ascertain the capabilities and advantages of cast-3teol steam boilers. Two cylindrical egg-end boilers, ono of steel, the other of wrought iron, wero compared, and after working six months were examined. They wero 30 feet long, and four feet iu diameter the steel boiler plate was t^inch thick. It was tried by the hydraulic test to a pressure of 195 pouuds per square inch, without altering in shape or showing leakage. After working six months, the cast-steel plates were found quite unaffected, and had a remarkably small amount of incrustation as compared with the other boiler. The former generated 25 por ceut. more steam than the latter. Another examination has recently been made, the boilers having been in use for a year and a half. The steel boiler was found in excellent condition. It appeared that it evaporated 11-66 cubic feet per hour, against 9 37 by the common boiler, with about the same expenditure of fuel.

Hall's Journal of Health says Pbysi-

logical resource has fully established the fact tLat acids promote tho separation of the bile from the system, thus preventing fevers, the prevailing diseases of Summer. All fevers are "billious," that is, the bile in tno blood. Whatever is antagonistic to fever is"-jooliug." It is a common saying tltyit fruits are cool ing," and also berries of every description it is because the acidity which they contain aids iu separating the bile from the blood, that aids in purifying the blood. Hence the great yearning for greens aud lettuce, aud sallads iu the early spring, these being eaten with vinegar houco also the taste for Boine-* thing sour, for lemonades, on nu attack of fever. But this being the case, it is easy to see that we nullify the good effects of fruits and borries in proportion as we eat them with sugar, or even sweet milk or cream. If we eat theri in their natural state, fresh, ripe, perfect, it is almost impossible to eat too many, or to eat enough to hurt, us, especially if we eat them alone, not taking any liquid with them whatever. Hence also is buttermilk, or even common sour milk, promotive of health in tho summertime. Sweet milk tends to billiousncs* in sedentary people sour milk is antagonistic. The Greeks are passionately fond of sour milk. The shepherds use rennet, and the* milk dealer alum, to make it sour the sooner. Buttermilk acts like watermelons on the system.

GEN. GILMORE'S OFFICIAL REPORT HEADQUARTERS, DEP'T. ov THE SOUTH, MORRIS ISLAND, S. C., Aug. 24. Major-General Halleck, Sir—

I havo the honor to report the practical demolition of Fort Sumter, as the result of our seven days bombardment of that work, including two days of which a poworful North-east storm, most seriously inter.'ereing with the accuracy and effect of otir lire.

Fort Sumter is to-day a shapeless and harmless mass of ruins.. My chief of artillery, Col. I. M. Turner, reports his destruction so far complete, that it is no longer of any avail in the defense of Charleston, heal so says that by a longer bombardment it could be made more completely a ruin and a mass of brokon masonry, but could scarcely be more powerless for the defence of the harbor

Breaching batteries wero located at distances, varying between 3,330 and 4,240 yards from the mark, aud now remaiu as efficient as ever. I deem it unnecessary at present to continuo their fire upon the ruius of Sumter. I have, also, at great labor, under a heavy fire from James' Island, established batteiio.s on my left within effective range ol the heart of Charleston and li ivo opened with thorn, after Riving Gen. Beauregard due notice of my intention to do so.— My notification to Gen. Beauregard, and his roply thereto, with the threat of retaliation, and my rejoinder, have been transmitted to the Army Headquarters. The projectilei from my batteries entered the city, and Gen. Beauregard, himself, desiguates them as the most destructive missiles ever used in war.

The report of my Chief of Artillery, and an accurate sketch of the ruin of Sumter, taken at 12 M., yesterday, six hours before we ceased firing, are herewith transmitted

Yerv Respectfully, Your obedient servant, Q. A. GILMORE,

Brig. Geo. Commanding.

The man Fox, arrested near Middletown. a few nights since, we learn, was relenstd on hia taking the oath of allegiance.

A GOOD story is told of a French Canadian in Waterville, Me., who wishing to expresf his contempt for a man, and

not

being able

to think of the term Copperhead, called him a "d —d old cent."

BP" Mr. Fenelon Harrison of Honey Creek township informs us he observed frost Sunday morning last thick enough to trace his name upon it.

United Wc Stand.

The political life of the Union has reached a crisis, the turn of which will soon indicate ita fate. Are wo to ronaain the American nation, or..yield to riaing powers and be shattered to fragments? If the result depended solely on the isssue of a war between North fcJ 560th iteoold be predicted with confidence but other elements must be consider-

Political dreams of dominion in Mexico become the basis of the American policy of the Jrench Emperor they have led him to abandon the hereditary and friendly policy of France towards the United States, and to embark in schemes of conquest which he considers inimical to us. He believes that for the rebellion in tho United States his armies would not now be in Mexico, and that if the Union was restored they might net be able to remain there. The Emporer, therefore, no longer desires tho preservation of the Union which Franco helped to establish, but is willing to aid in its dissolution, that it may be neutralized and made powerless.

The growth of this new policy has been retarded by tho slow progress of the French army but now that tho conquest of Mexico is accomplished (it is so considered,) we may look for a rapid developement of his new line of conduct towards us. Few men have been deseived by the repeated and ^strong denials of permanent conquest and territorial aggrandizement which the French proclamations in Mexico have promulgated, but all may not have reflected on the magnitude of the designs intended to be concealed by these denials.

France was once enterprising and successful in colonies, and held vast territories with flourishing settlements in America. The arms of England deprived France of her colonies in the North, and she parted with those in the South and West for a sum of money, and to prevent their falling into English hands. Her fleets not long after were destroyed by her enemies and sbo was driven from the seas the long wars of Napoleon I. exhausted her wealth and her people, and she was everywhere beaten in the field. Thus turned back on herself from all points, discouraged and feoble, she has lain for half a century dormant or convalescent. But sho has recovered. The great lines of steamers recently established in the Indian Seas and the Atlantic, and the additions, show signs of now life and strength, while tho condition of England naturally suggests to France that all she wants to raise her commerce and maritime status to the first rank in colonies abroad is larger domain at home.

There is no room, however, for her expansion in Europe Africa is uncogenial in soli and climate, and Asia is impracticable America alone remains to tempt the revived ambition of power internal strife always tempts the ambitious, while it destrojs the power of defence and exposes the country to conquest. If the exigencies of the first Napoleon led to the loss of French possessions abroad, why should not the exigencies of others lead tho third Napoleon to recover those

Dossessions

or their equivalent? Be

that as it may, France has recovered her ancient strength, and now contemplates recovering her ancient dominion. Mexico by its geographical position commands two seas it comprises fertility of soil, and climate and minerals that present the elements of infinite wealth it is the natural seat of empire terrestrial, maritime and commercial, and, occupied by a military race intelligent and active, and skilled in the industrial arts, should full— fil that destiny. The rebel states of the Union are less favored by nature .ban Mexico, but absolute government based on slavery, which dishonors labor and drives the ruling race to idleness or to the service of the state, presents a condition of things that has always produced the elements of first-class military powers.

But what interest in common should create sympathy and alliance between the French Emperor and the rebellious slaveowners?— Tho question is roadily answered. The course of the war in the valley of tho Mr.3issipppi has resulted in the conquest of that river and its recovery to the Union it cuts the rebel states in two it is a lino which can bo held by gunboats and forts forever and it is aonceded that in a military sense tho river commands the wholo situation. If the rebel states cannot stand united there is no possi. bility of a government sustaining itself in cither half. The rebel leaders perceive their desparate condition, aud their last hope now !B in obtaining foreign aid. If it be asked what they can offer iu exchange for that aid, tho reply is that, should tho French Emperor propose to recover (to himself) the ancient boundaries of Mexico, and even California, the rebel leaders would not hesitate agreeing to aid in accomplishing it, in consideration of aid to retain or recover the Mississippi and to establish their independence in the large territory still left them? Would this scheme be impracticable? The allianco of ambition with despair is common it is always formiable and often successful. That the rebel ageuts are now pressing this plan there is no room to doubt it is openly spoken of in Paris, and even advocated by men in position whose language is often but the premonition of the coming imperial policy and indeed the lan guage]of circumstances all around confirms this interpretation.

With such neighbors established on our southern and western borders, and others scarcely less sympathetic on the north, the preservation of the institutions we cherish would become impossible the Union, with its great domaiu and small army, its large dependence and light taxes, its unequalled prosperity and just hopes, must pass away.— We must shrink to small territorial limits and accept stringent institutions adapted for military defence we must boar up with a load of debt and taxes, while deprived of the room for recovery and growth. The Republic would thus continue to exist, but only because it had been shattered by mutual jealousies or the contempt of powerful neighbors

Eveu patriotic men who appreciate their country and desire to preserve it, persist in doing that which leads to sure destruction. In presence of the enemy and iu the midst of war to suppress rebellion against the government, they insist on retaining their usual license in criticising acd condemning the government in whose support lies their only chanco of success. They do this hastily, and of necessity upon one-sided and partial knowledge of facts which is incompatible with a sound and safe opinion. They appear to be frantic with fear that if for a moment they coase speaking they wiil loose their freedom of speech, and, rather than submit to self imposed and discreet silence for a time, they prefer to risk the permanent loss of the Union.

They do not so much charge the Government with dishonesty as incompetency. There is nothing novel or alarming in the discovery that a government appears unequal to its work—especially if it has something useful and important to do. It is rather a common spectacle at all times., and in all

couiiUieB, aad the complaint Mod only excite a smile if tho gravity of the occasion would admit of it. Was there ever, indeed, a government or cabinet, thwarted at every step by open and secret treason, while struggling with the fluctuating events of a rebellion, Uiat was not pronounced by the fcasty and impatient, incompetent"

There may, indeed, be in lieations of incompetence, but judgement which is formed after the events should be cautiouis and !eni» ent, and before all, be careful not to be misled by illusive appearances. It is observed in these times that the results of industry, art and genius hare ao augmented the elements of national power, both physical and moral, among the chief nations, that individual men are dwarfed by the contrast. No man and no cabinet, in any counUy, probably, is able at the present time to wield those vast elements so as to produce the utmost results of which they are capable. During the Crimean war the experienced and able government of England looked feeble in comparison with the magnitude of its task, and the enormous resources of tho nation at the disposal of the government, in excess of its ability to manage them, ran to wasto.

If the government of Mr. Lincoln,standing in the immediate presence of the great events it has to deal with and the great elements it has to wield, presents to the ardent and impatient the usual discouraging contrast, what is the remedy Other men in their place would present the same contrast. There is but one remedy, and that is unity the real power of the government is in proportion to the support of the people the union of the nation with the executive is the only method of rendering the ability and capacity of the individual men composing the government equal to national emergencies. Let every man submit to the necessities of the occasion, suppress personal and party animosities, rebuke hostile criticism, accept the demands and policy of the government and yield it a cordial and generous support. Drive the enemy from the door, dispel tho dreams of imperial ambition and reaffirm the boundaries of the republic there will then be opportunity for tho inferior [work of discussing party policy and adjusting the distribution of place and power.

General tiillmore.

General GILLXOKS, who conducts tho siego at Charleston, is a native of Ohio. He is said to be a handsome, powerfully built man, of about thirty-five years of age, with brown hair aud beard, and soft and "loveablo eyes" as the ladies would say. The expression ol bis countenance is amiable in the extreme, and his ts self-possessed, retiring, modest and affable. He is aim ooioy a soldier, and never allows himself to bo drawn into political discussions. He defines his opinions on public affairs as being influenced by the determination to carry out his orders iu the letter and spirit, whatever those orders may be, and loyal men will therefore ciaim him as a straight out Union man. One thing, however, is positive—he believes in using all the able bodied negroes as soldiers whom he can lay hold of, and he will, therefore, be charged by secession sympathisers with being an abolitionst.

Letter ol a Soldier.

The followiug paragraphs are taken fron a letter of CHARLES J. DURHAM, written his parents who reside four miles south of this city. He is a member of the Eleveith Regiment of Indiana Volunteers, and it flay be of some interest to those who have frijnda in tho Regiment. The letter bears date "Natchez, Miss., Aug. 19, 1863." "Natchez is much the nicest place w# have been in siuce entering the service, aad we did hope we would get to remain here awhile, but fate decrees otherwise. Wo will leave here in a day or so for Port Hudson- I think our destination is Mobile, where we will have uome fighting in all probability. I could not easily tell you how hot the weather is here, but I advise everybody who may be so fortunate as to be in a cooler placo, to remain, for this is no placo for comfort. Troops are moving past here southward every day, and all but a few regiments hero have left, and we expect soon to go. "We get New Orleans papers only two days old, and are only a little over two days journey from that place. "I am sorry to learn from soldiers return ing from the North that some, of our people at homo are boginning to despair as to our final success, This feeling does not exist in the army. Although we havo been two Ion, years absent from those wo love, and hav endured hardships indiscribablo through many bloody battles, we are choerful and hopeful. "If this nation is ever lost, it will not be the fault of her valiant soldiers in the field It will rest with those who oppose our metb od of crushing out this rebellion. "I am not disposed to give up the contest by any means. I have yet one year to serve and when that time expires, I will go again if I am needed. I valuo the existence of tho nation, more than my ewn life, and if I can contribute a mite toward securig our greatness as a nation, I am willing to go at any

time."

|fT It will be remembered that Joff. Da vis & Co., at Montgomery were facetious over the first bombardment of Sumter Jeff, even became poetic and gtre vent to his glee in the following couplet: "With mortar, Piaxhan aud Petard,

We tender you our Beauregard." We doubt not had he occupied an exposed position by the side of Beauregard during the recent bombardment and witnessed the unerring precision with which flilmore's Parrott guns pierced and demolished the walls he would have felt more liko exclaiming:

Gilmore, Gilmore— What a bore.

MIND YOUR P's."—As the word Sumter is destined to pass into history and take plaee with Ticonderoga, Benuiegton and Bunker Hill, at least it should be gpelled correctly Many of our exchanges, however, eccentrically make a kitchen garden of it, and plaut a in the middle of the word. The "Carolina game cock" of the Revolution was General Thomas Satoter the Carolina District is Sumter the Carolina Fort is Sum ter, and Sumter let it be

"LITTLB MAC" had narrow escape in the surf, the other day, at East Hampton, L. I., and as stated, just isitsod being drowned. It seems, with a fellow-bather, he was borne outswiftly by an unobserved outward sea current far beyound breakers or the reach of human help. His fellow-bather, a lad of fourteen, went down io sight of all. General McClellan was foretd out of the current by a favoring billow, and struggled in through the breakers, to the'relief of all, and to none more welcome thio hie anxioas wife, who cried, "Why, George, you promised that yon would not go beyond your depth." Pasting from exhaustion, be replied, "Why, do you suppose I did so willingly f'

')'"*,."'!IIB^i

I'JjWWril' *?i!

for

iwjtfrm&s.

How It Was Done

Ma. EDITOR: In May 1S61, about the bo ginning of this rebellion, when Jtho government was calling for volunteere to defend the country, an assurance was given'to such as would volunteer in tho scrvieb of the country, that thoir families, and surli as were dependent upon them for support, should be cared for in their absence, ami on account of this promise made to them in good faith, many left their families and friends with full faith that what had been promised would bo fulfilled. How has it been done Those who took the lead in this matter had a public meetiug of the citizens called. At that meeting a committee composed of the business men of the place, without regard to party, were appointed, whose duty it was to devise the ways and means to carry into effect tho promise made. That committee, through mnch labor, put the machinery at work, and through the County Board procured the means, with the private donations made, to furnish the aid promised, and after much labor and oare, had arranged a system that was working well and giving general satisfaction for nearly two years for tho disbursing of money placed in their hands. But in an evil hour for the county, and uufortunately for the soldiers' families, a change was made id the County Board, and men elected who have shown by their acts that they disregard the public good and the public will, by taking from the hands of those appointed by the people the public funds and placing them at the disposal of an individual, and that person about the last person in the community that the people would have chosen for the place, and that, too, under tho protest of some of the largest tax payers of the county. Why was it done 1 To better the condition of tiie soldiers' families No prctcnco of ihc kind was ever made. Was it that the public funds would be safer in the hands of J. B. Otey to disburse as he saw proper, without any check whatever upon him, than in the haid3 of G. Warreu, W. R. McKeen, James Farrington, and others of the committee Was it that it would be disbursed at loss expense to th# county That could not be so, for the committee proposed to have it done foi nothing so far as the county fund was concerned or did you, Mr. County Commissioner, so far forget yourselves and sink your manhood iu the dirty pool of party, and allow yourselves to be dictated to by tho unscrupulous wirepullers and demagogues that huug around you liko beasts of prev, littlo caring whatbecamo of you or the public interest so thoir ends were subserved.

But let us seo you appropriated at your March and June session, $9,500 (forthe benefit of disabled oftl.i:— —wi «i« familios of soldiers in tho service of tho United States, from this county, is the language of the record,) and placed tho same in the hands of J. B. Otey, requiring him to give bond, that he will disburse that monoy just as he pleases and report to you (is tho effect of the bond), and that is just what lie is doing. Tako his report made at the last term, and it shows that he has been paying regularly over 30 prsons at a weekly expense of not less than J40, that are not rightfully entitled to one jent, while at the same time he has refused to pay to a number of families, the husbands and sons of which has been regularly in the service from this county from the beginning. Ho has paid the money of this county to families who never did live in the county, and have farms in another State. He has paid weekly allowauce to the family of a commissioned officer, who is getting pay at over $1(10 per month ho has reduoed the pay of women, •iok io bed and without means t.o]help themselves, while he has paid weekly allowances to persona who were keeping open notorious bawdy houses he has stopped the pay of worthy families of soldiers without giving any ex CU9C therefore, except that the Committee ordered him to do so, when he is subject tt no Committee. He is using Ike county funds

illegal purposes, converting it into an illegal issue of shin-plasters, with which he pays to the families of soldiers, with the admonition when thev complain of it, to take that or nothing insults them by telling them he has no sympathy with tho soldiers no how that they have no business whero they aro, He refuses to pay families oa tho certificate of the Captain, that the husband or son is regularly in the service, unless they get it countersigned by somebody who he designates in the neighborhood and who arc gencraly of his own stripe, causing vexatious delays and trouble, and in some cases defeating the object for which the fund was raised. Such is the manner in which tho public fund of tho county is used, and such in the treatment the soldiers' family receives at tho hands who boasts he has no sympathy with the soldiers, and in who?c hands largo sums of money belonging to tho people is placed to abuse as he sees fit. The soldiers' family treated with contumely and an illegal issue of trash backed up and supported by tho people's money and forccd upon the soldiers' family against their will, causing them trouble, and many times loss, to convert it into such things a they need and this wrong done in the face and under tho protest of tho people who pay tho taxes ns well as tie poor womeu who.are the sufferers thereby. Now, we submit in all candor if such an individual not a precious subject to have charge of the pecuniary interests and want of tho sol diers' wives and little ones.

JOHN SMITH.

The Rebel Conscription. A correepondentofthe Herald writos from Winchester, Tenn., on the 15th inst., as follows

Until lately, rolugeos from Georgia were scarce but at present that State is fully rep resented in our camps. A large number aro now in the town, all of whom have fled from the conscription. They represent that tho rebel couscription is being forced inexorably, and that all ages and all professions are being taken only the lame and blind are exempt. The stories they tell are terrible to

8ten

to, and for tho saku of humauity ona dees not like to beliovo them. A man hates to believo that he is of a race that can bo so cruel. Three men whom I have seen unite in giving the following story as truo The* were joined on ttieir way hoi", near Harrison, 'i'eDn., by a Baptist uroacher. named Blair, whom they soon found t» be liko them selves, a refugeo from tho tyranny which was enforcing tho new conscription. Tho party found themselves pursued by a party under a Capt. Snow, and wnen no', far from Harrison were overtaken. Capt Snow inlojyod them that they had to decide between 'fighting for their country or dying.' «lairr who was much exhausted, replied that be thought be should never be better prepared to die than at that moment, aud declared that 'he never would fight for th.-ir cause.' Without further words, the rebels throw him on the ground and cut his throat from ear to ear. The others acquiesced in the pioposition of Capt. Snow, but managfd to escape from him and reach this place in safety- This occurred ou the 31st of July last. *nd »n stance in the many terrible tragedies now being enacted in East Tenuessee.

Tbese conscripts are of the people whom Vallandigham reports as unanimous in their resolve to die fighting for the rebellion rather than be "subjugated" to the Union. Aud there is no corner of the South which does not swarm with men of like spirit and fait) to

these. mta.

t. Fitch's Last Sermon.

This distinguished Divine delivered hisl#*t discourJon yesterday nt o'clock, to the membaraef bis church in this city. The house was well filed with an attentive audience.This was W first time we had ever heard Dr FITCH PRCIH, but wc trust wo may havo the pleasure ot hearing him again, for it is a pleasure to kear man of his learning and ability, expound tho Scriptures.^

This Sermon was an ably writU'n one, and was delivered with the power ami elocution of an orator. The delivery of it two years ago while in this city, caused his employment, and ho now delivers it again on taking leave of hia employers. Ho occupied only half an hour in tho delivery of his discourse, after which he read the correspondence between himself and some members of the KSTRT of the Church, in regard to his employ men t.-

Ho had lived fourteen years at one place in Ohio, and could have remained as much longer had he desired to do so, but the ear nest solicitation of tho VKSTRY of that church here, induced ltirn to resign his position and remove to thus city- Ho expected his place to bo permanent but in this he was disappointed—having only been in tho discharge of bis duty two years.

Tho reading of the correspondence and tho co mm on ts thereon were a simple statement of facts, but carried with it a power which made some of our fellow citizens appear in no enviable light. The Doctor rose with tho occasion, and proved to those who heard him, that he was thrice armed Ho struck with cold steel, and used his weapon with as much skill as SALADIX, in WALTER SCOTT'S TALISMAN, used hisjsword. The castigation was terriblo, but just. His audience appreciated it and sympathized with him.

Wo sincerely trust that Dr. FITCH will not leave the city. No man stands higher in public estimation as a truo Christian, a good citizen, and a loyal man, than docs Dr. FITCH. As au eloquent Divine he ranks among the tho very first in the West. Should ho, however, remove to some othor placo ho will bear with him the heartfelt wishes of this people for his prosperity and happiuesa, and his farewell diseourso and the incidents at tending it, will sink deep into tho hearts of those who heard it, and will not be fergottoii-

"Jenkins'' aud the Prince.

Some London "Jenkins" or other, writing lotlers to us credulous Yankees, says this of tho Prince of Wales:

The Prince, it is said, may often be seen, a la podestrian, in tho city, with a short, littlo carved wood pipe in his mouth, looking very saucy and very democratic. Wo are afraid that ho has not followed the advice given him by little Kate liatemau, when sho was littlo ICate, sure enough, and very pretty at that. ou remember the irrepressible Jenkins told a story about, her and the I'rince. when tho former was in England, several years ago, by which it appeared that Albert Kdward was wildly in lovo with her, and on one occasion when the little artist visit Winsor —according to the story—at# the wero playing together on tha posed" to her upon which, according to Jenkins, sho said, "Well, Wales, continue good boy, nnd learn your lessons well, ann, mind your ma, and wlien you grow up, if you love me still, I'll think about it,"

BARK'S Deco HOUSE.—It gives us pleas ure often to note the success of gome particular business house, mark the rapid, growth of its patronage, the daily increase ol its trade, and the satisfaction of all its patrons, And in each caso we can only attribute it to the manner in which the business is condnrtcd. Weareled to these reflections by a walk through tho extensive wholesale and retail Drug House of Mr. Thos. 11. H.irr. In looking through this establishment, yesterday, wc were astonished at, the extent and variety of his stock, and the excellence and purity of each article. An addition has recently beeu_^mode to the building, which now extends nearly the whole extent of the lot.- This was built in order to get room for his mammoth slock, and to accommodato the constantly increasing trade with which this popular house is favored. Tho stock is so nrranged that the wholesalo business is entirely soparate from tho retail trade. 0n entering tho storo from tho front you find yourself in tho retail department, which is well stocked with every article capable of curing the ills which flesh is heir to, together with a raro assortment of

perfumery

soaps, brush#?, and tho many fancy suitable to tho ladies' toilet. Tho gentl will also find raro brands of smoki chewing tobaccos and cigars. In a handsomo and tastily fittod counp/ room. Immediately under this is the room devoted to oils, paints, glass, &c. Tho ftcond nnd third stories is devoted to storinglid wholesaling. Hero goods are sold by as case and package, and dealers can duplica! any eastern bills, with the slight additio iof freight. Mr. Barr's arrangements are nost complete for manufacturing many ai cles of tho trade, and when this is done, ir addition to tho immonse stock he intends 9 lay in (his season, ho will have one of th most completo drug houses in tho West.

The head of the houso is an ctivo young man, who devotes all his energ and time to the business, and his clerks a young men of probity, courtesy and gent! imanly manners, who take pleasure in theii at'entions to customers. With these characAristics in tho management of the trade, it no wonder this house has been so successnl, and is so popular with its many patrons.

Old Johny Burton wai brought be

fore tho Mayor yesterday moraing, on charge of renting property to bo used for houses of prostitution. There wero two complaints and ho was fined iu oach caso thirty ddllars and cests. He took an appeal te the Oomniou Pleas Court. Tho Kvening Domocrat very justly remarks. "This old man is a very laqgo proporty owner, and declares that ho would rather rent to this class of persons than any other. Ho is surrounded with tho vory lowest scum of creation, and his teniineiits are reeking with filth and infamy. It is time a stop should be put to tho flagrant outrages he commits tipcn tho commuuity by his disregard of all moral obligations."

Coi. It N IfrnsoN I?y the Indianapolis Journal we aro informed that this gallant officer and most estinmblo guntleiaan, after waiting for ninny months for anjopportunity for servico in bin position on tbe staff of Gen. Fremont h« resigned. He has been anxious to be at work, but, unwilling to leave the officer to whom bed attached himself, and for whom he, in common with thousands of oth.irs, entertains a high admiration, and still hoping to see him assigned to some com1mand, has waited till waiting is manifestly idle. We have no intimation of what the Colonel now proposes to do, but we presume be will find service against the rebellion somewhere.

t2ff~ We learn from several sources that the recent unseasonable weather is causing a. great deal of sickness in tho country.