Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 25, Number 17, Vincennes, Knox County, 17 May 1834 — Page 2

shed waft produced by his wicked opposition who was the abettor and supporter uf the Hertford convention who, but a car ago, wae the great antagonist of the

milliner?, hut now their ally, and among the timet zealous in an attempt to nullify nil authority in the Union, but that of the Bank of the United States, and an irresponsible majority of the .Senate. In these leaders are embodied ambition, Avarice, disappointment, hatred, and revenue. Kach of them aspires to be the chief of the nation; and if he cannot sue cced in that, he would, if possible, if we may judge them by past tnd present acts, rend it limb from limb, it he can but pre aide over one of the bloody fragments. Kach has his followers in the Senate. brow-beating the House of Representatives, abusing and insulting the President, repelling the instructions of the States, treating the ncopU with contempt, and ndeavoring by creating public distress, ami threatening violence, to force them all into submission. The pretence for all this, is the removal Of thedepovites; the OBJECT is the re charter of the Bank, the acquisition ot political power through its instrumentality, the prostration of the control of the people over their own government, and the o tablishment of a moneyed oligarchy, un der the forms of a Republic. But a LION is in their path. One who fought n:J bled, to establish the principles on which our institutions arc based one, whose prudenre and valor have added new states to the Union, and caused immense regions of howling wilderness to blossom as the rose, under their benign influence one tvho, by his own energies, created an ar my, defended a city, and redeemed the honor t'f his country, in the last war ono ivho, as Chief Magistiate, fearlessly attacked the corrupt systems built up under the auspices of his predecessors the un equal ami unjust Tariff the unconstitu tional expenditures for internal improve mcnt,and the Bank of the United States, the head anil fountain of usurpations and corruptions one, whom gold cannot corrupt nor threats intimidate who is determined to preserve the Union, the constitution, the rights of the States the liberties of the people, and their rightful control over the Government of their creation. He can have but a few years to live. -lie has no ambition to satisfy, no avarice to indulge, no vengeance to glut, having attained to the summit of human desires, and triusiphed over every foe. He has no child or eing of kindred blood to whom he may bequeath his honors or his wealth, and the only motives which ran actuate him, are the preservation of his own fame and the good of his country. In examining this subject, let us conatantlv bear in mind that it is SUCH MEN against SUCH A MAN, who are actors in the passing scenes. This reflection will enable us to understand the mo tives by which they arc impelled, and ap preciate their acts. I am compelled to defer, till my next, nn examination of the assumption of a pow er by the Senate w hich belongs exclu sively to the House of Representatives. JEFFERSON. FROM THE GLOBE. LETTER 111. To THE FEOfLK OF THE UMTED STATES. Oi the assumption by the Senate of the ac curatory poicer, which, by the Constitu tion. is vested solely in the House of lie. presentatives Countrymen: In the frame of Government by which you hae assigned to each portion of your public servants their appropriate duties, vou have also pointed out specifically the mode in which your President and all civil rflVers shall be accused and tried for violations of the Constitution and laws. In article 2, section -1, it is declared thatuThc President, Vice President and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of treason, bribery ,or other high c rimes and misdemeanors." The President and Vice President arc the only officers elected by you who are subject to this process. To protect your own officers against false and malicious accusations, you have reserved the power of impeachment to your immediate Rcpreseut.tnes in Congress. Article 1, section 2, paragraph 5, declares that "The House of Representatives shall choose their speaker and others officers, and have the sole power of impeachment." Tims the President can be impeached onlv bv he immediate Represeuiativcs of the People who elect him Thev are presumed to speak ihe voice cf a majority of the whole People; and it is only when that majority thus express a belief of his guilt, thai he can be subjected to a formal accusation. By using the terms "sole power of impeachment," the People have declared, that no power on earth shall arraign the President of their choice,hut their own Representatives who are directly responsible lo them. Having o carefully reserved to them6clve through their immediate Representatives, the power of charging their Presi dent with violating the Constitution and laws, it cannot be conceived, that they intended it should be exercised, directly or indirectly, by any other political or judicial t dy; and much loss by that, u which thev assigned the duty of trving ibe Pre eiJent for lhoc very offences, la art. sec.;i, par. t, i is pro ided, that "The Senate will have the solo power

try all impeachments."

If the Judges of the Supreme Court 1

were in their otftcial capacity, to enter upon their records, a sentence or opinion, having no connexion with any question ot udtcial character, that the President ot United States, in an official act, had violated the Constitution and laws of his country, would it not be universally reprobated as an usurpation of the power of accusing and condemning the Chief Exccutive Magistrate,which is assigned solely to other portions of the Government 7 Yet would there be less intrinsic impropnety in the Judges of the Supreme Court becoming the official public accusers of the President, than the Senators, because the latter are his ultimate Judges tor such offences, and the former arc not. I he judges would assume a power which the People have confided to their immediate Representatives, but the Senators would not only be guilty of the same assumption but would commit the further outrage of prejudging a case it might become their duty to try, In the present case, it would not be dcnied, that if the President has violated the constitution and the laws, he is justly li-

able to impeachment. But whose duty is ding! In the language of Mr. Jackson of it, in the first instance, to judge of that of the House of 1609, the representafid? It is the ''sole" duty and preroga- tivcsof this day may say, the people will tiv e of the immediate Representatives of act with firmness, if we do our duty,"

the People, flicy alone, of all the scrvantsof the People, have a right in the first instance, to charge the People's President w ith violating the constitution and laws. To themselves as nearly as possihie, have the people reserved the right to bring such serious charges against the President whom thy elect. But what do we now behold The Pco-' pic and their Representatives are consi dered blind to usurpation and callous to duty. The President has violated the con stitution and laws he has caused the public money to be taken out of the Bank of the United States. The people do not see the violation the Representatives of

But those in whom is vested the sole power to try impeachment?, are more wise and more patriotic! Political ambition, bitter disappointment, personal hatred, fees, facilities, and accommodations from the Bank, or some other cause or causes, have enabled certain Senators to perceive the enormities of the President so much more clearly than the People, that the sole judges of the President feel it incumbent on themselves to become his sole accusers'

the People do not feel it. The People ap- tcer, ranger, cavalry, or other persons enplaud the President as having done right- gaged in the campaign of eighteen hunthc representatives of the People do not dred and eighteen, against the Seminole think ho has done wrong and the States Indians, or against any other Indians in instruct their Senators to support him! the time o; war, since, who have sustain-

vvitn cries ot rrcstuentiai usurpation on gaged m the campaign of eighteen huntheirlips, they assume a power which be- drcd and eleven, on the Wabash, against

longs exclusively to the immediate Repre sentatives of tl.s People. The constitutional accusers ot the President are blind to his misdemeanors, or too slow in bringinii him to trial they are "palsied b the will of their constituents." But Senators who arc elected for long terms, may set the will of their constituents at defiance, Thc constitutional accusers of the President are responsible directly to the Peopie for their conduct in bringing charges

against him; his unconstitutional accusers by the loss of a lurse or necessary equipof the Senate House are responsible onl age in battle, or by the loss of a horse that

to the States, and in their recent proceedinsrs have directly denied and repudiated

even that responsibility! They have tak- was stolen by the Indians and not returnen upon themselves unconstitutional,irrcs- ed, or otherwise lost without any fault or

ponsible, and arbitrary power, unprc edented in the annals of this Government, and dangerous to its existence. Ought the Representatives of the People to submit to this assumption of their powers, and this direct and palpable encroachment upon the constitution, on a subject whirh is committed to their special charge? Will they silently witness the overthrow of the Government, in their very presence? Do not they too mean to "support the constitution of the United States!" When they see that constitution assailed in a matter which belongs solely to them, will they not take the appropriate steps to support it? Will they sit still and see a few Senators, who are not responsible to the People, and deny all responsibility to the States it is their duty to represent, assume the powers of the H. use of Representatives, and attempt to control the President thereby grasping the powers of both those branches of the Government into their own hands! In m next, I shall show how the majority of the Senate have prostrated the barriers which the People have erected, to secure their President from unjust aecusa tions, and deprive him of reserved rights, expressly secured by the constitution" JEFFERSON. From the Globe. , Mr. Editor: Much is said about the unanimity of the merchants, and of the People in our cities, against the administration, upn the deposite and Bank questions. Were the not animated by the same spirit of opposition to the republican administrations of Jefferson and Madison, both before and after the war? The fallowing extract from a speech of Mr. Jackson, of the House of Representatives, delivered February 0, lbO, tells very plainly, what all history before and since has told of the politics of the merchants, the great body of them, I mean, in this coun try. He said "Upon a review of our foreign relations 1 1 find tnese same merchants first stimul- ' ated us to assert their rights, and they are ! now the first to complain; for happen what l.'mav, th.v are always complainants. ) They clamored about the colonial tradei look at the Boston memorial written by 1 the very party who have denounced their

government of improper conduct for in-

sistingon it. Vc oltcn incur the censure of our constituents for expenditures of mo ney, occ. for their protection, and find them the first to turn against us, becauso we do not obey their clamor in all things. Sir continued Mr. Jackson, this meisure w hich you are asked to abandon the embargo has passed in review before the American People, your course has rcceivcd their decided sanction, as has been evinced by their recent vote in the election of Picsident; They will act with firmness it we do our duty ; and although the wis domof our plans is doubted by somehon est men,it will yet work well. Right like justice though you trample upon it, will survive the shock, &, ultimately triumph. How exactly descriptive of the present occasion and of the spirit that should cha ractcrize it, arc the foregoing remarks, eli cited by the scenes and circumstances o 1600! How profitable it is to consult the valorous example and persevering firmness of other days, when the clamors of oppositionists threatened "war, pestilence and famine," against a republican administration that would not do their bid-r-Aii REMARKS OF THE HON. J. CARR, of Indiana, Delivered in the House of Representatives, on Saturday, April 1UA, Upon his presenting amendments to the tenth section of a bill reported by the committee on Claims for property lost, captured, or destroyed by the enemy, while in the military service of the U. States, during the late war with Great Britain, and the Indian wars subsequent thereto, and for other purposes. The 10th section of the bill as reported by the committee to the House provides: "That any officer, field or staff, voluned damage without any fault or negligence on their part respectively, by the loss of horses or necessarv equipage in battle, or by the loss of a horse that was wounded in battle and afterwards died of said wound w hile in the service." Mr. Carr propred to amend that part of the tenth section above referred to, and cause it to read as follows: "That any fucer, field or staff, voluti teer, ranger, cavalry, or other persons enthe Indians, or against kiiv other Indians in the time of war, since, including the campaign ofeightcen hundred, and eihteen against the Siminole Indians, and also the six comrmnies organized bv virtue oftheactof congress, approved the fiftcenth of June, in the year one thousand eight hundred ami thirty-two, for the protection of the Northwestern frontier, w ho have sustained damages without any fault or negligence on their part respectivelv , was wounded in battle, and afterwards diedofcaid wound while in the service, or negligence on the part of the owner, shall be paid f r in pursuance of the provisions of the bill, as reported by the committee." Mr. Carr said the reasons whirh had influenced him to ask the adoption of the amendment which he proposed were, that upon examining the bill, he had seen what he considered an omission in the bill, in not providing for the payment of proper ty lost by a very meritorious portion of our troops, who performed military service previous to the declaration of the late war; during the war, and subsequent to the close of the la'e war with Great Britain. It should be recollected that the campaign on the Wabash, in the year 1811, was performed previous to the declaration of the late war. That the amendment which he proposed provides for the payment of property lost by individuals on that memorable campaign w hich he believed had not heretofore been provided for by law. Mr. Carr said it was irue, that a law had pussed he believed in the year 1812, which provided for the payment of horses killed in the battle of Tippecanoe in Nov. 181 1, but did not provide for the payment of property lost by individuals at other periods during that campaign, while in the service of their country. Mr Carr said that the law of Congress approved ihz Dili of April, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen, providing for the payment of property lost, captured or destroyed by the enemy while in the military service of the United Statis in the late war, did not provide for the payment of property, to which his amendment proposed to provide; nor did ihe law of Con lhcss approed the 3d of March, eighteen hundred and twenty seven. That act provided for the pay ment of any horse mule, &,c. lost while in the military services of the United States, w here it &hall appear that the loss was without any fault or negligence on the part of the owner, and extended lo cases of property lost in the wars with the Indian tribes, subsequent to the 18th of February and prior to the first of September, lhl5. Mr. C. said he could not discover the reason why those individuals w ho had sustained loss 1 of property on the Campaign upon the j Wabash in the y ear 181 1, should not be I as fully and amply provided for as to their'

losses, as thc?c who had sustained loss of

property at any period during the late w ar and subsequent thereto. He believed that the services of those on the campaign in 181 1 were as essential, and their achievements as beneficial to the security of the Western frontier against a savage foe, as were the services of any portion of the troops in the late war. Mr. C. said, he believed that their services had been recognized by the government; that those who had received wounds in the battle of Tippecanoe were entitled to receive pensions in proportion to their disabilities; and that the widows and orphans of those who fell in battle, were provided for in like manner with those who fell in battle during the late war. Mr. Carr said his amendment also provided for the payment of losses sustained by sundry individuals, who had belonged and performed service in certain companies of mounted Ranjrers, which had been organized by laws of Congress, passed during the war, and subsequent thereto, for the protection of the frontier, he said that those companies to which he alluded, who had performed service in the lato war, were composed mainly of citizens of the then territories of Illinois, Missouri and Indiana, that these troops furnished their own horses and subsistence for them, they also furnished their own provisions, their own ammunition, and all necessary equip age, and that these troops for a period of two years, and some of them for a longer time of active service, underwent many hardships and privations, were exposed to all kinds of weather, swimming creeks and rivers, encamping in the woods for days, weeks, and mouths, in bark huts, or under tents made of blankets. It was bv the citizens of the then thin and scatter ed settlements of the territories of Illinois, Missouri, and Indiana, and under circumstances like these, that a frontier of some hundreds of miles in extent were mainly guarded, protected and sustained, without whose exertions and vigilance, that vast frontier must have been laid waste and become the prey of savage violence. He said it was a pirt of ih.e, wiih other citizen volunteers of the then territories of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana, who defeated and dispersed the Indians on the Illinois river in the late war. It was the rangers of Indiana, Illinois and Missouri, who performed vX their own hands, the task of hauling some distance, every picket and stick of timber, out of which, tort Clark at Peoria lake on the Illinois was built. After the service was pcrfoimed, a part .f those rangers were ordered to ascend the Illinois river in keel boats, for the purpose of destroying the Indian villages, cm the banks of the river, being thus separated from their horses, w Inch were running at lare, bein some hundreds of miles in the wilderness, where forage could not be obtained, seve ral of them were stolen by the Indians or otherwise lost to their owners. On the return of those troops to their respective frontiers, two of the companies were or dered to pass through the wilderness, from near tort Clark, to vincenncs on the Wa hash. That thev left fort Clark with se ven days provisions, and arrived at Vinrennson the seventeenth day after their departure, subsisting on fall grapes and huzlen.its for the greater part of the day s, that their march was much impeded in consequence of high waters, their horses having been without forage forsevcral months, worn down with fatigue and starvation, several of them perished and were w holly lost to their owi ers. Mr. Carr said that tht.se rangers were stationed mst of their time in w hich thev were in the service of their country, at places distant from any settlement w here forage could be had. That' although the strictest igilance was observed to keep secure their hors?s, yet a number of thm were either stolen by the Indians orotl.crwise lost, w ithout any fault or negligence on the part of the owners. Mr. C. said he thought that it was nothing more than jus tice demanded to pay those individuals who served as rangers in the late war, as well as those who served in the six companies organized in the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty-two, for the protection of the Northwestern frontier, fr their horses which were stolen by the ludians,died in the service, or were otherwise lost by unavoidable accident, withoutany fault or negligence on the part of the owners. It was for losses of this character, this amendment proposes to provide. He said that it was not on account of lucre or gain in a pecuniary point of view, which influenced many of these individuals to leave their homes and their families, and volunteer in the service of their country. He saiil he thought he was tolerable well acquainted as to the extent of the claims, which would be presented if the amendment which he had proposed w ere adopted, and was of the opinion, that a ve ry few thousand dollars would liquidate the w hole of them, that although the sum required to do this, would ue small and not felt br the government, vet it would be of great benefit to many worthy citizens, who had sustained losses, and w hose constitution (at least some of them) were much shattered in consequent of the exposure and hardships which they endured while in the service of their country. STKAM HO AT LAW. Lousiana h is been the first State to set the example of vigorous legislation for the prevention and punishment of negligence in the navigation and in inaeuwnt of Steim Boats. For the svnoi.su cf tho uw which she has made on that subject, w e

are indebted to the Baltimore America, as follows: "The legislature of Louisiana, which has just adjourned, adopted a very severe, and we trust efficient law for the regula

tion of steam boats so as to secure them from explosion. The number of fatal accidents on the Mississippi particularly the disastrous one by which Senator Johnson lost his life imperiously called for some legislative interference, to secure care and fidelity in the management of engines, and every practicable assurance of their soundness. The new law manifests great anxiety to establish minute precautions against accident, as well as misconduct; and imposes heavy penalties on the agents and owners in every case of damage which anv possible care mHit nave prevented. T make the law more effective it has been sent to the Executive of all the States bordering on the Mississippi, and its tributarics,forsimilar action. The law establishes the office of State Engineer for the port of New Orleans. The duty of the Engineer is to examine, once in three months, the strength of tho boilers in steam boats plying within tho waters of the State, to test them by hydraulic pressure to three times the weight of stcarn they may be supposed capable of carrying: and to furnish each boat with a certificate, specifying the weight of steam w hich may be safely used. In case any accident happens on beard of any boat, not possessing the proper certificates, neither captain, owner, nor agent, can recover any claim for freight or insurance, the owner or agent is made rcsponsiblcto the shipper, to tbe full amount of all damage: and the captain is further subjected to a fine, not less than 500. nor more than $1000, and to imprisonment for not less man three months, nor more than three years. If lives are lost, the captaia 10 no aujuagcci guilty ot manslaughter. 1 he same penalties to the several par ties are provided in case of any accideut in navigation, irom overloading, racing, carrying higher steam than the ccrtifica allows, or any accident "that may occur while the captain, pilot, or engineer is en gaged in gambling, or attending to anygame of chance or hazzard." The same penalties are prodded in case of any accident from gunpowder, shipped without a written notice of the fact being posted in three conspicuous parU of the boat. Shippers are made liable to a fine of $200 for shipping gunpowder, without notice to the master or clerk; and also made liable for damages that mav happen bv any accident there from; arid in case of loss of life, are adjudged guilty of manslaughter. In passing, cn the river, the descending boat is commanded to shut ofT steam axA float down, when within a mile of an ascending boatthe latter to assume tho responsibility of steering clear of the other, being liable for all damages. GOOD ADVISE TO YOUNG MEN. It is highly important mv v oung friends, that you early acquire and establish habits of economy in matters of expense. It i important to your own personal welfare to v .our success in the world, as to the we.jiarcot your country. Youn ' pc:,!e 1 are apt to entertain extravagant and absurd notions of life to estimate their cnjovments by the money they cost: to choose enjoyments which are expensive, and connected with display. But you may depend upon it, the most valuable cnJiyments are easily obtained; they cost but little money, and are within the" reach of all, of the poor as well as of the rich. If a person's design is to secure such privileges and enjoyments only as are connected with virtue, with sobriety, inte"cctual improvement and elevation of character, he may carry his designs into operation with ery limited funds. It is dissipation, sensual enjoyments enjoy tncnU which have no good moral tendency it is such enjoyments as these that co?t mo- ' ney . and very often put young persons up-, on disagreabJe expedients to meet their expenses. The truth is men's indispensable wants, are few but those wants whirli their own fylly hive created or which the absurd customs of society hive imposed these wants are all expensive; and they do more than a little ti prevent yuan" people rising in the world; to bring oa failures discouragements, habits of intemperance and crimes. Hildreth. BLACK HAWK. Among the diatiri zuiheJ personages who have honored us with a visit durin the present week, is gen. Biack Hawk. Hs left this last Tuesday for Prairie d' Chien, in ordor to re possess himself of Lto medicine bagg, which he lost in the battlo of the Bad Ax, in the war of ISiW. He say s the pressure has been very great since the deputes were remove., so much so, that many moccasin shop had been compelled to close business. AvA mirabile dictu. he acknowledges hiuw-l. , to be the sole author of the letters of Jack j u owniri" Gclir:an

ross & svrmG, " HAVC purchased the entire Stock of Goods, belonging to the late linn of Tonitins ui &.II jss, and are iunv oXerm them at reduced prices. Their Ar-or f mcnt ii Vztensicc, and will be complete S ujiun the receipt of their Spring and Sararner supply, which is expected shortly. Those wishing to buy are respectfully invited to call. They retain the store lately occupied by Tonilmsuu &, Uos, on the corner of Water and Market streets, opposite John C. Clark' Hutel. 4 Viaccaae, Aprils, ld3J. 13-Ctv