Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 23, Number 34, Vincennes, Knox County, 29 September 1832 — Page 4

iJoctfwi Soyitnu.

Vcjh .' Shepherd of the Valley t ORIGINAL ELEGY, On thcte vjho lately fell in the Indian War; Spoken by Frkmom Dl? Bouf fay. Hark! through the welkin awful sounds 7 he savage cry of the war-whoop dread: O'er yoa lone vale cf Indian bound";. Where soon shall rest the valiant dead: Fierce is his yell, As if from hell; "With bended bow and rjwivcring dart, Jle seeks to pierce the white man's heart. Alas! he seeks not long in rain; Th' accursed weapon aimed too well Tells deeds of agony and pain. Silent Columbia heroes fell, Scorning to groan, Or utter moan. With patriot pride they met their fate. Their latest words, "Defend the State." Alone their mouldering relics lie, A mound of earth their only tomb! No tender friend to them doth hie, In melting tears to wail their doom. We view'd it not, Hut moan their lot. Ye angels! waft to heaven the sigh We heave o'er their fell destiny. What though no monumental urn As yet attracts the wanderer's eye? Ambiguous homage now they spurn; They ask on genuine sympathy. Then give it vent, Ilor e'er relent; Tourdetp felt veneration shew; Lei pious tears in torrents flow. Their merit claims this iust desert. Ji'it more the claim frem patriot hands; That we our utmost pow'r exert, Their dying accent still demauds; Loudly they call Inviting all To join with ardor in the chase, To chastise this rebellious race. Our tears for those dovoted few, Our energies in battle strife Will prove our gratitude is true, 1 hat we love country mre than life. Then emulate There truly great; Their choicest dirgr, their requiem be Our courage and our chivalry. Hail! sacred 'enants cf the dust' Eternal incense deck your fame! Though pciic'd'd urn or brazen butt Pocrtray no traces of your name, Kxtatic lays Cf meted praise, .cLaI! tune the hoary patriot's sounding lvre; And thousands yet shall feel your i.allow'd fire. ilxiiM Cakiuages on Common Roads Concluded.) Mr. Richard Treviihick, called in and examined. Have you been lor coversot with steam engines? Twenty-six year ego 1 Invented a high pressure steam engine ; nd a locomotive engine, and sir.ee that lime Boulion and Wattes's engines have been thrown aside in Cornwall, and the high pressure steam engines, with the improvements upon the boi'ers I have made, have been throwing Boulton and Watts's engines constantly out of use; there is not one of them now in use :n the mines. The average of the du!y of Bcul ton and Waits's engines, about twentyyears ago, was taken by Mr. Gilbert, which caae perhaps, about seventeen iniliions of pounds, lifted a foot high with a buslifl ot coals; and sometime alter that iVIr. Gilbert made a report in thetransactions of the Royal Society, that he had iuund one of my high pressure engines in Cornwall was doing nearly seventy-' five millions; and in the same report, he stated that they were doing nearly as seven to twenty eight, or four to one, and ai ten to one on the atmospheiic engines. Have you lately paid attention to steam carriages on common roads? I have roticed the steam carriages very much; I have been abroad for a good many years, and had nothing to do with them until lately, but I have it in contemplation to do a great deal on common roads; lailroadsare useful for speed, and for the sake of safe'y, but not otherwise; every purpose would be answered by steam on common roads. Is your machine applicable to steam carriages? It is chiefly for that purpose, it works without water; now the Alan Chester carriages use four tuns a day two tuns thit they take in when they 6tart, end two they lake in midway of their journey; there is that weigh; to cany, and the loss of time. You conceive steam carriages to be ppUcabi- to common purposes? Yes, to every purpose a horse can effect Have you any p!an particularly applicable to that purpose? Yes, I have taken out a patent for that purpose. This, the plan which I produce, (producing the sarte.J will show the principle. I built a twenty horse engine in Co-nwall in order to try this: this I produce is for a ship engine. The bursting of boilers has been occasioned by the boilers bring left under guage, neglected to be cjrged with water, and, I belie e, by their getting foul and incrusting with salt Irom using salt water; the low pressure ermines have burst as well as the high pressure; if the

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lutes of the boiler are Leased red ho?, U the engine is standing at the time water is still in, the boiler is quiet; but on the engine setting to work, a discharge ot steam from the boiler to the cy lender causes a great ebullition in the boiler, and the water splashing over the hot

sides makes a superabundant generation of steam. The space that would be filled instantaneously from the hot tubes being suddenly cooled, the space occupied by that superabundance would fill three hundred limes the space usually allowed for steam, and a safety valve of five times the size would give ncwelicf, or rot in time; a prcoi mat a highgjcs surc steam engine boiler has not, been i broken generally by the pressure of the high steam, but from being heated, is because the portable gas-holdtrs are about ten inches diameter, and the sixteenth of an inch thick, and they arc charged with 30 atmospheres, or 450 lbs each without accident; an accident never happens to them, and the pressure is not half so great as on half the strength of iron; the boilers of steam engines in Cornwall have burst thfit have not been loaded to an eighth part of that pressure for the same substance and sice ol boie. Therefore, that is a proof that they nvust have been broken by the heating of the boiler, and suddenly cooling it by a sudden expansion The gas holders have never been heated, arid have never been injured. I have known instances whereby turning cold water into a red hot boiler they hate exploded. An engine I had the care of was injured by neglect of one of the enginemen in that way. The boilers to the high pressure steam engines on my construction are cylinders, one in the other, the inner cylinder containing fire, and the outer cylinder surrounds the water, and leaves a apace of about a foot between the two tubes of water. Where hey have been neglected the fire tube has been made red hot, and the splashing of water over the hot tube from the ebullition occasioned by the escape of steam, has burst the boiler by the water flowing over the red hot sides, and generating steam faster than it C3n be discharged. Dy neglectng, you mean that the lubes were not completely covered with water? They arc not covered with water. With my inferential engine that never can be the case. Do you conceive that your engine, ot which you have produced a plan is applicable to catiiages on roads as to the pro pelling engines at sea? Yes, that is one object 1 hhvein view, and for agticultural purposes, for ploughing, and every other purpose. Have yoc ever calculated what the weight of a carriage wfruld be with one of your engines? Yes; I am looking to sec the necessity of the doing away with the supply ot water that I have done away with ; but, in dispensing with the water, I shall cave three quarters of the fuel; every time we doubie the force of steam we save seventy-five per cent, upon it. This engine, I conceive, will not take one quarter part of the fuel; one charge of water will do for a month. I have just taken out a patent for my engine. Do you condense with a sufficient rapidity to take from the piston the pres sure of the returning steam? Yes; there was an engine which had been working "ith high Eteam and one of my boilers, and the cylinder was enclosed with brick work to keep off the external air: while I was abroad they took down the brick work, end set it at a distance from the cylinder of four or five inches, and turned the draught firm the fire round the cylender to keep it off, and from that made more than six;y per cent, difference in the fuel; if the engine was doing forty millions to a bushel of coals before, it then did sixty-three millions, Sc they burnt five bushels of coal to keep the cylender hot. If they had put thai under the boiler, it would have done forty millions as before; but in putting five bushels around the boiler, it did three hundred and fifty-six millions; then the difficulty was to know how it would make that difference. I could not at first make it out; however,it turned out afterwards how it was, and it was the steam; when coming in upon the piston, the cold sides of the cyleedcrtook out a part of the heat; these are single engines; the steam is returned under the piston upon the engine going that stroke again. Are there any additional observations you wish to make to the committee? There are. 1 was asked what I had performed, and what was my opinion a3 to whether steam power could be made useful on common roads in general, and the difference in effect between broad U. narrow wheels cn such roads, respecting their breaking up cr settling down the surface, aud what farther aovantages I might expect from my late improved steam engine? In answer, I beg to say, in 1804, I invented and introduced the high pressure steam and locomotive engines, and, also, in 1813, invented the iron tanks and buoys for his Majesty s navy, in 181i, I was engaged by the Spanish government to construct in Eng. land nine high pressure steam engines, and a mint, with pump work, and every thing complete for draining the great mines of Pasco, in Peru: they weighed 500 tons, in 20,000 pieces, the boilers each of six tons weight, all in single plates, and the cylinders each in six pieces, all cartied up the mountains on mules L,acks, and put together on the apot, by

which tho mines were effectually drz'm ed, the ores wound up, smelted, stamp - ed and coined; they remained in full wot k

until the Spanish army retreated through the mines before the patriots, and on their retreat, broke the engines, ar.d threw them into the engine pits. Fcr a report of my progress in Peru, see the first number of the Geological Transactions cf Cornwall, copied from the Lims Gazet tes. In reply to the questions rut to me I

by the committee of the Hens of Com-1 we are alw?ys gl:d to see our steam added. mons, respecting the probcWc process of j blowing eff, and when our fire is even jpni: number of valames of tl e Cast.ft steam power for locomotive purposes, I j moderately gocd, i; is always blowing off, j J. which have already been published, ..i d beg to say, on railroads, thev have been ; even up the steepest hills, proving an ex- the faithfulness and punctuality 'f the pubproved te be useful to a certain extent, ! cess of power. lishcr in fulfilling his contracts with his pr-

but arc still defective, on account of their

rreat weight of machinery and water, and (passengers along the road? None what- 1 , . lui.um,a,u.r . ,-rr i. r J .. .L . . . w.ork,toshow its true character, the difficulty of getting water at all times, ever; the waste steam is carried round a Tl c constanlantI incrcasirE ratror.r.?e also a want of permanent safety agamst : double casing of the fire place, then bcstowcd on the Caskft, has tnaL'.ed the explosion; but, from a late improvemem j brought over the surface of the fife pubiislier to make considerable irvprmtof mine, these obstacles are no- renQv- j where some portion is consumed, and the ; ments in the work. Its typographical aped, and when these late improvements are rest paBses off through a veiy small j pcarar.ee is much changed for the better, and

combined with my former locomotive engines, they can be constnicted so light as to travel at almost any speed, and thousands of miles without a supply of water, and the risk of exploding is reduc cd to an impossibility, with a saving of t considerably above fifty per cent, in fuel; all those improvements will appear in my statement here:fter. The arrangement of this new engine embraces every advantage that can be wished for; safety, saving cf fuel, lightness, little room, simplicity, and nearly independent of water, it can be made applicable to any putpose, and, much more effectual than horse power, the first cost of erection far less than a quarter the cost of horses, for the duty performed, independent of the differece of expense tietween coals and horse feed, because a one horse engine will, by constant work,! perlorm the work of four horses every twenty four hours. For breaking up and tilling large commons, very Utile establishment will be required. Another great national advantage will be fish, as it will be in the power of every fishingboat to get a small engine, and brinr fish to market all round the cc&fet while fresh, independent of wind: this may be carried by locomotive engines, in a few hours to the interior of the country. Besides, every merchant ship will be propelled by steam, as tn engine of ten tons weight on the deck, occupying very little rrmrc room than a ton cask, would propel a ship of 500 tons five miles per hour with sixpence worth of coals, and will also pump the ship, weigh the anchor, and take in and out the cargo. The principles of the leading power being matured, all the ap plications will soon follow. Mr. Xathaniel Ogle called in and examined. What is your profession? J havo no profession; I am pursuing the introduction of locomotive engines on common roads. Have you inventor? any carriage o' this description actually now in practice; v j ' r l es, partly so nave you run your carriage ior any length of time on public roads? Abotit 800 miles, or rather more, over reads o. various descriptions, and up lofty hills Will von dcaerihr. o-enerallv rvntnrr nf rnnr mrrUr-P. and r nr.v" irr.nrn vV

mentsyou havs 'i.ad sin, you f.rsTI is not so lcg as a csrriage with fo P1 '7 f pvr n ,7 . . 1 , r - 1 zest to graver and more important con. resturned your attention to the subject! (horses: the breadth six kei ni.e inched! tCMJ. '

a 11 v uuj v. v in mi u;i. ji...'uiv 1; to obtain a mode of generating s!cnm that shall irive the command of a sufficient power, under all varying circumstances to be met vith on the common roach. We have obtained that desideratum, by combining the greatest heating sulfate in the least possible space, with the strong - est mechanicalforce, so that we work our present boiler at 220 lbs. pressure of j steam or. the inch, with the most perfect salety. Our experiment vehicle, weighing about three tons or rather more we have propelled from London to Southampton, and en the roads in the vicinity of MiHbrook, at various speeds. The greatest velocity we obtained, over rather a wet road, with patches of gravel upon it, was between 32 and 35 miles an hour, and might have been continued under similar circumstances, and we could, on a good road, have increased that velocity to 40 miles. We have ascended a hill v.ith a soft wet bottom, rising one foot in six, at rather a slow rate. We have ascended one of the loftiest bills in the district near Southampton, at 16 i miles an hour. We have gone from the turnpike gate at Southampton to the four mile stone on the London road, a continued elevation, with one very slight descent, at a rate of 24 1-2 miles an hour, loaded with people. The locomotive vehicles used on the Liverpool and Man chesver railroad would not go at the rate of three miles an hour on a common level road, and would not ascend any hill; and ! on account cf the diame'er of their boil- I ers, cannot, scientincai.y speaking, ce consideied safe. The vehicle is under perfect control in evety respect. No accident from explosion can take place. We have had whole families of 1 j c i c s , clay after day, out w ith us in ail directions i kncc We are now uoon the noint of cMao.isning a factory wnere mcse vchicles will be made in unmbers: and a great many are already required by coach proprietors; carriers of merchandize, and others for their use on the publiccas. Railroads excepting in very peculiar 1 .u- 'a :.: nuu'iuus, are ociimu "B'- fl'vj 11 13 UVLIUiU cpiUIOi't 11191 liiwav C'Jlbark capital in constructing them will be threat lusers. .1.-. . 1 . - ..1 1

J Hata ycu one or two safety valves? '.Two. At what prts?ure do you usually work

your carriage? Two hundred and forty seven pounds on the squaie inch cf the boiler, but we have worked it at a greatr nresure than tbut er pressure than that.

To what pressure do vou usually ltcet cr.c copper plate gvc zct'tai tcou enwtight your safety valve? Two hundred Irrn ring, and one cr n-cre pieces if mut-.e. . a C.rfv .., a I 'H' vjerk formM at the tr.d ij tne tear a and fort). seven pounds. t 6C0c. to Urrh an cie1 hen you travel always cn a lift. es, ; t . . . ' .

-a ' Does that create any annoyance to chimney in an siriform state. Do you use coal or coke? Soft and good coke, which easily ignites and burns rapidly. Ycu have r.ot any annoyance then to passengers from smoke from your car riages? None, whatever; there is no appearance of smoke, except on lighting the fire with wood, which is necessary to ignite the coke. That takes place before you start? Yes; but even that will not be necessary when everything is arranged. You state that your carriage is under the most perfect control? Perfect. Supposisg you were going at the rate of ten miles an hour on a level road, in what nuiuber of feet do you suppose you could entirely check the carriage? It would be difficult to state precisely the number of feet; but certainly in a less space than you could stop a pair ot carriage horses going with the same weigfti

attached to them. I have no Iesitationcutcd in general bv the first artists in the

irv saying, that a steam vehicle is safer in every respect than one with horses, that it is under more complete management at the same velocitiesand with the same weight, that it is more easily controlled, land that none of the accidents from frac tious horses can take place with steam carriages. Do you find that horses are generally FVirrhtfrned hv naming votir carriage? Vrv Uiv nripl. nrrr.nnc ntiiallv a 1 a rm " O J W ry j r-

. .. ri ,i- -it ! History ; h.MiiHoinKKtNG ; r c.MUc.x a:: thnr horses, (the animal being quickly DoMtSTlc Ahchit cture ; Botamcal subject to alarm,) either by dismounting , pLAXTSt and whatever other subjects mayor patting them, and thos aniicipatingap j;JC deemed calculated to instruct, interest prehension. land amuse. '- j To inculcate sound virtucus precedts, and Are vour wheels dished, or are the cvXi guard the thoughtless a.rainst the snares if

lyndrical? Cylindrical, with flat flies. What are the diameters of your propelling wheels? We have generally uscd them about six feel; those we have now arc about fivelect six. Hac you changed the diameter from experiment, from findiug the smaller di ametcr mere convenient? From finding the same wheels with the spokes cut . . ... . .- f, , through, whether intentionally by th . r e irom mere neglect, vrc could not tell; but they were merely re duced from six feet to five feet six. For a carriage calculated carry eighteen persons what would be the length, ano what me "jreacnri J it.mK.that our nfTt wil! nesur- firMrrn fi.pi civ? tf,r,, next uvmvvii mv. .ittis. - During the course of your ex penencc, have you met with any accident, such as the breaking of your machinery? None whatever of any denomination; not one bolt, not one screw, has ever given way, j during the period of twelve months, and 1 under circumstances which would have j utterly destroyed any other carriage, ar.d very much to the surprize of engineers, who arc sadly misinformed cn all points relative to steam coaches, and have never advanced their success. In the improvements you are nov7 engaged upon in your carriage, are they relative to the size and weights of the different parts, or merely in the convey ance f the goods and passengers? They arc more in improving elight details: the power we have beyond all question to propel vehicles of any weight, at any re quiied velocity. "Have you mads ar.y experiments as the eize of your cylinder? We hav made several experiments. j . ... . J J require, and the weight you have to carry, what do you find the most advantagenus size of cylinder? The larger the cylinder, certainty, the better; but were I to give dcEnite answers to such ques tions, it vouldbe giving too much information to those opposed to us. NOTICE. 1 1 v tho?e indobtei indebted to tho s-ubscribr r bv book account, arc carncstlv sonried to discharge the same by crtsh or . note, on or before the It day of October, and those indebted by note nrn also roj quoted to make navmont on or before the ; al'ovemenfiontd time, and acet.?ts, as it is my w ish to close nn old acrounts. SAMUEL THORN. Vinronnrs, Juno 'SI, l.KW. 20-tf C A IYiUEL TKOR I A IS U, ;;;;l:;IL;Y ' ft .V i ' r , DLL'- MAK iNd LL, of his , ow" :,man,ls :ictMre' U !l,ch he Vl ; ; 0:1 liberal term?. j Vinoennc, June & 1KV2. avtf InuUrJ for JiUucid On hand and for talc at this Oliice

rEOPrTCTT 3 OF A NEW VOIX.VE.

ATIIINSGN'S CASKET, Qr f;nnt 0j JJtcraturr, Wit and tc.it'.rr.tr.f, (A Monthly Periodical.) fuc.'i number containing 43 rital lc'.cto fi-rrta r.f itrr ft eh, tr.tbtihshed iii-'h a: ,i -o -j . ' - a rons, in respect to their contents, are sufthe contents aie much enriched, lie be lieves that the volume now prcpocd, wiil not be exceeded in respect to typcgraphVr.1 execution, the quantity and quality cf the engravings, a:.d the value cf the couitnts. by any other eriodical;and he s.tely assert it to be the cheapest publication ef the kh.d in the count! y. The facilities for obtaining suitable articles for this work have of late, much increased. Same cf the best literary publications c : Kurepeare regularly received ut thcrfFire? of the Caskkt,' as well as the prominent American periodical?. From both selections are made with much care. To secure a sufficient quantity i ouicikal :iattkh, and to enable men of talent to prose-cute their la bours with success, & contiibute to adia.ncc the literature and science of our ow n country the publisher gives a cotv.pei nation to his correspondents, commensurate to the suppott he receives. In respect to the Embellihmci,ts which appear in the work, the publisher bthees that no other periodical has such a prcfusitu ' ot elegant and expensive engravings. of elegant and expensive engravings. Kxcijjey V ,!l suf?er I;othirS b-v tornpariscti (These form a considerable item in the ex-ja-nse. vi uic ui k, ?.iju r.i or.c car, e?.ceeu the whole cost of publishing some periodicals for the same length of time, the subscription. price of which is no lower than the Laski. The subjects of the engraving t. ill continue to be as heretofore Pcrti. its cf dbtinguished characters; plates of the i.Lwusr Fashions, both of Europe ard America; Vif.ws of American Sci.xyitv, particu- ! I ;lr,y Striding ti and interest;! r: ati;:'.al vice; to leau tne youtntui ininu to trie ecutemptation of those sublime and all important subjects which deeply utl'ect his prosperity; to give a taste for the rich, pleasing and beneficial enjoyments cf literatuie and learning, and to hold out inducements for the young to cultivate their powers and enrich, their under standings with substantial information, are matters which the publisher trusts he will ever keep in view. lie is gratified in looking over his past labours, to find no language or sentiment recorded, calculated to detract from the beauty of vittur, ox to show vice in a less hideous aspect than it really is. Due attention is p.lso paid to Foi.trv, Anfcdote, Light Heading, A.:us::c Sketches, and those etcetera which le- ? iieve the mind fioni tl.C lidxur of close Study, 1 .ar.n nillTiDer M tITev.ASXFT ona:r,v?' j least one piece of Mrsxc. which is H.kcteu and arrange expressly for the work. The popular and newest airs are always at command to afford a judicious election. Not withstanding the many e:tr?t expendituifs, and the heavy expense cf th i:nc en2i avings, given mci.thly, it is not the intention of the publisher to increase the price cf the Casket. When naid hi advance, it v.i'i J be furnished for twelve months for S- 3C; or or inree ciowai 11 uui paiu unin me er.a n the year. Agents at a distance remittir.1 ie :j ... t . j six subscriptions are entitled toa crry rc:u, and 10 percent, t'.r collections. Complete sets for b29t i.nd Cfc3'J suppl.cd to ' order. lly'Ordcrs, free rf f:ostcgr will mer prompt attention. I't rsons at a distance w ill I find the mail a s,fe ccneyance f t ordtrir - the wort, and enclosing remittances. Tin: PHMIUMS. rpHK publishers r.f the LADY'S BOOK I E 1... . . ..... c r . m : unprecedented patronage vhich has f.rcn ; bestowed upon their work, and axiou tn : improve its character bv even- m-ans in j their power, have determined to crfer ths following picnumus, vi?.: FOR THE HKST OHIOINAL TALE. Jt ri'rrn j'.r the Iidy llck 200 DOLLARS. THE M-T 01(,1NAL I'OF.f roil buyable Jir fiuiiea!i',n in the LAD r's tOOK', Accompanying each :oiHrr.ur.icit:on. the name of the ' l iter niMt be furnUhcd. If secrecy is preferred, tie name m iv be enclosed in a separate sealrd envel vc, vh.vl. ! not be opened except in case of the ,u2 ccfil candidate. It will, of c..jt re be understood tint all artVles wib.i.itted for ih.-if.,r,.m.,.-, .;n ... " - 'l V - KI lti J "111 " (absolutely at the di .j.orolt-f the publishers, j The pu'Jictinn of tlieTales and rj.it will be commenced immediately after t!4e aw.-ird is made. Editors of papers exch.mbg with thr LaJy 's lioc.k. and then friendly to tr. j)rin;otivn cf Literature, ra e requested, to j-ive the aboe a few iusertiens in their re active p-ier5, December C4 46 Thk Ladv 's Hook is published cn t!e !

of every month contains ne.irlv (0 fage-t cich No. cf neatly printed letter prrss Te rms, S3 per annua; in advHiicc. Addrem ! (post paid) L. A. CUDKY cc CO. ! 112 Cheiiiut street, Pl.d.u:!pbia