Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 22, Number 44, Vincennes, Knox County, 10 December 1831 — Page 1

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From the Portland Argus. We have received the following official account of the proceedings of the Governor and Council, at their recent session, for publication: STATE Or MAINE. In Council, Nov. 7, 1831. Present, the Governor, Messrs. Lane, Howard, Prince, Cobb, Smith, Johnson. The Committee of the whole Council, to which was referred the subject of the recent transactions at Madawaska, ask leave to report: That, in common with their fellow citizens, they view with feelings of just indignation, the unwarrantable and oppressive acts of the authorities of the British Province ot New Brunswick, in invading the territory of this State with a military force, and arresting a number of our peaceable citizens, compelling others to conceal themselves in the wilderness, and abandon their homes, in order to escape the violence with which they were threatened. In this violation of the sovereignty of the State, we perceive the continuation of that system of encroachment, which, by our forbearance, the Provincial Government have long been enabled to practice for the pur pose of extending their possession, and afterwards relying on that possession as the only foundation of the extraordinary claim they still persevere in making to a considerable portion of the State. In virtue of a warrant from a magistrate of the county of Penobscot, the inhabitants of Madawaska, on the 20th day of August last, assembled at a place southward of the St John river, on this side of the line designated by the Arbiter as in his opinion a suitable boundary between the two governments, in pursuance of an Act of the Legis lature of Maine, incorporating the town of Madawaska On the 12th day of September last, they held a town meeting for the purpose of electing a Representative, as required by the laws and constitution of this Mate. For these acts, four of our citizens have been arrested by the authorities of NewBrunswick, carried cut of the State, and three of them, Barnabas Hunewcll, Daniel Savago, and Jesse Wheelock, are now con fined in jail at Frederickton, in execution of a sentence pronounced against them, after the form of a trial in a court of that Province. As these citizens were arrested by a foreign power, at a place which is claimed and known to be within the limits of this State, and for the exercise of a privilege guaranteed to every citizen, we have no hesitation in coming to the conclusion, that the State is bound to adopt all proper and constitutional means within its power, to procure their release. It appears by documents in the office of the Secretary' of State of this Mate, that immediately on receiving information of these transactions. the facts were communicated by the Governor to Mr Livingston the Secretary of State of the United States, with an urgent request that the proper measures might be adopted by the General Gov eminent to procure the release of our citizens and protect our tcrritor) from invasion. To this application an answer was duly received from Mr. Livingston, under date ot 21st Ootober last, stating "the extreme desire of the Executive ot the U. States to conform with the most scrupulous good faith to the arrangement made with the Minister of Great Britain for preserving the state of things as it then existed on both sides, until a final disposition could be made of the question, and it was distinctly understood that no exertion of the State authority in the parts of the disputed territory which were actually held by the British, should interfere with this arrangement." It further appears by the documents commuuicated, that although the proceedings of the inhabitants of Madawaska were supposed to be a violation of that agreement, yet prompt mea sures were adopted by the President thro the interposition ot the Kepresentativ e ot the British government at Washington, to procure the release of the persons w ho had taken nart in these transactions. We have caused an examination to be made, but no copy of the arrangement re ferred to can be found among the archives of the State. And though allusion is made to such an agreement in the correspondence between Mr. Clay, former Secretary State of the United States, and the late Go vernor Lincoln, it was at that time asserted to have been violated by the British authorities, and w e are sitistk'd that i numerous instances, it has been totally disregarded by them. la order to show the views of the Gene

ral government with regard to the measures to be adopted by this State, which are now the subject of our consideration, we refer to the follow ingcxtracts from Mr.Livingston's letter referred to. "The President desires me to reiterate to you, his anxious desire

that you would use your authority and influence to prevent any further collision with the British authorities, in the firm persuasion that the wisdom of Congress will direct such ultimate measures, as will bring the controversy to a close, consistent with the interest and dignity of the United States, and particularly of the Spates interested in the question. He receives the strongest assurances from the Representative of the British Government, that no innovation will be countenanced on the part of its provincial functionaries; and on our part, good faith as well as the protection of tht frontier, from unauthorized mutual inroads, require the same course of conduct." In a previous letter to the Governor, da ted October 5th, Mr. Livingston observes "the President directs me to say, that he relies on your Excellency's prudence to avoid any unnecessary exertion of authority over the contested ground, and to repress, as far as lies in your power, all such acts as may endanger the quiet of the bordering territo ry. "Congress will meet in the course of a few weeks, and it will be a source of deep regret if the moderation and forbearance which have hitherto characterized the government and people of Maine, should cease to guide them, w hen its further continuance for so short a period is of such consequence to the nation. After a full consideration of all the facts and circumstances within our knowledge in relation to the subject submitted to us, we are of opinion that every proper and constitutional measure at present in the power of the Executive of this State, to procure the release of our citizens confined at Frederickton, has been adopted. And if the committee have forborne to recommend more efficacious means for their immediate release, it is because they believe the State is not in possession of the constitutional power to execute them without the concurrence of the General Government. Believing that Congress, which is soon to meet, will adopt the necessary measures to bring this controversy to a close, and the constitutional rights of the State, which we believe will never be voluntarily surrendered, and from a desire to conform to the wishes of the General Government, we di not deem it expedient, at this time, to recommend measures which might lead to collision with the British authorities. But, from the exposed situation of our frontier settlements, and th. dangers to i which they are subjected by encroachments fiomthe neighboring Province, we recommend that the Governor be advised to issue a General Order, requiring the militia of the State to hold themselves in readiness to meet such requisitions as the President may deem necessary, to protect our territory from invasion and our citizens from capture. ISAAC LANE, PER ORDER, In Council, Nov. 7, 1831. This report, on being read, was accepted by the Council, and by the Governor ap proved. Attest: R. G. GREENE. Sec'ry. of State. A true copy attest: R. G G Sec. of State. STATE OF MAINE. Head Quarters, Portland November b 1831, $ GENERAL ORDER. The security and defence of our rights as citizens of a free State, being dependent upon our Military Establishment, it is not less a duty than the privilege ot the Citizen tidier to be at all times prepared to repel the invasion of those rights, and afford his aid m the due execution of the laws of his country. The exposed situation of the frontier settle nients of this State, and the dangers to which they are subjected by continual encroach ments from a foreign power, having in the opinion of the Executive Council, rendered it necessary that the militia of the State should be reminded that events might occur which would require their "services; the Commander-in-Chief therefore, orders that the several Divisions of the Militia be in readiness to meet such requisitions as circum stances and the laws of the btate may re quire, and as the President of the United States may deem necessary, tor the protection of our citizens and territory. The Major Generals will cause this order to be promulgated through their respective Districts By the Commander in-Chief S. G. LADD, Adjutant General. CHRONOLOGICAL LIST The following List of the principal officers of the United States Government, under the Constitution, has been compiled fiom authentic sources, and may be interesting to many, as a convenient document for reference. PRESIDENTS. Geo. Washington, of Va. elected 1TS9 John Adams, of Massachusetts, 179' Thomas Jefferson, of Va. 10 1 Janus Madison, of Va. 1809 James Monroe, of Va. 1817 John Q. Adams, of Mass. 18J5 Andrew Jackson, rf Tennessee, VICE PRESIDENTS. John Adams, of Mass. Thomas Jefferson, of Va. Aaron Burr, of New-York, George Clinton, cf New York, Mr. Clinton died April 20, 1S12. 17S9 1797 1801 1805 1813 Lidude Gcrrv, of Mav. Mr. Gerrv died Nov 1814. Daniel 1). Tompkins, cf New York, John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina, Secretaries of State. Thos.J fT l son. of Va. appointed Edmund Randolph, of Va. Timothy Picketing, of Pa. John Marshal, of Va. James M idisnn, of Va. Robert Smith, of M uyland, James Mouroe, of V'a. 1825 1789 1794 1795 180o 1801 180J 1811

1817 1825 18C9 1831 Secretaries of the Treasury. Alexander Hamilton, of New Yoik, 1785 Oliver Wolcott, of Con. 1795 Samuel Dexter, of Mass. 1800 Albert Gallatin, of Pa. 1802 George V Campbell, of Ten. 1814 Alexander J. Dallas, of Pa. 1814 William II. Craw ford, of Geo. 1817 Richard Rush, of Pa. 1825 Samuel D Ingham, of Pa. 1829 Louis McLane, of Delaware, 1831 Secretaries of War. Henry Knox, of Mass. 1789 Timothy Pickering, of Pa. 1795 james McHcnry, of Maryland, 1796 Samuel Dexter, of Mass. 1800 Roger Grisword, of Conn. 1801 Henry Dearborn, of Mass. 1801 William Eustis, of Mass. 109 John Armstrong, of New York, 1813 William H. Crawford, of Geo 1815 Isaac Shelby, of Ky. (declined) 1817 Iohn C. Calhoun, of S. Carolina, 1817 James Barbour, of Va. 1825 Peter B. Porter, of New York, 1828 Jo' h H. Eaton, of Tennessee, 1829 Lewis Cass. of ( )hi, 1831 Secretaries of the Navy. This department was rot established until the 30th of April, 1798 being, prior to that date, a branch of the War Depart nit nt. Geo. Cabot, of Mass. appointed 1793 IJewj. Stoddart, of Maryland, 179S Robert Smith, of Maryland, 18'2 Jacob Crowningshicld, of Mass. 1805 Paul Hamilton, of S. Carolina, 1809 ilham Jones, of Pa. 1813 Benj W. Crowningshicld, of Mass. 1814 Smith Thompson, of New Yoik, 1818 Samuel L. Southard, ot N Jersey, 1823 John Branch, of N. Carolii a, 189 Levi Woodbury, of N Hampshire, 1831 Postmasters General. Samuel Osgood, of Mass. 17 '9 Timothy Pickering, of Pa. 1791 Joseph Habersham, of Geo. 1795 Gideon Granger, ot Conn. 1802 Return J. Meigs, of Ohio, 1814 John McLean, of Ohio, 1823 William T. Barry, of Ky. 1829 Chv f Justices rf the Supreme Court. John Jay, of New York, 1789 William Cush'ng, of Miss. 1796 Oliver Ellsw orth, of Conn. 1796 John Jay, of New Y rk, 1800 John Marshall, of Va. 1801 Attornies General. Edmund Randolph, of Va. 1789 William Bradford, of Pa. 1794 Charles Lee, of Virginia, 1795 Lev i Lincoln, of Mass. 1801 Uobert Smith, of Maryland, 1805 John Bveckenririge, of Ky. 1806 Cxsar A. Rodney, of Delaware, 1807 William Piocknty, of Maryland, 1811 Richard Rush, of Pa. 1814 V- illiam W irt, i f Virginia, 1817 John M Berrien, ot Geo. 189 RcgerB. Fanney, of Maryland, 1831 Speakers of the I iuc of Representatives of the United States. First Congress 1st and '2d sessions, held at New Yoik: 2d at Philadelphia Fn dorick A. Muhlenburg, of Pa 1789 2d Congress, Philadelphia Jonathan Trumbull, of Conn 3d Congress, at Philadelphia Frederick A. Muhlenburg. of Pa. 4th Congress, at Philadelphia Jonathan Dayton, of N. Jersey, 5th Congress, Philadelphia Jonathan Dayton, of N. Jersey, 6th Congress, first session at Philadelphia, & second at Washington City; Theodore Sedgwick, of Mass. 7th Congress. Washington Nathaniel Macon, of N'M th Carolina, 8lh Congress Nathaniel Macon, 9th Congress Nathaniel Macon, 10th Joseph B. Vornuin, of Mass 11th Joseph B. Vernum, 12th Henry Clay, of Ky. 13th Henry Clay, And served until January 17th, 1814; Langdon Cheves. of S Carolina, served the residue of the Congress. Uth Henry Clay, 15th Henry Clay, I6di Henrv Clay, during the first session aud James W. Tailoy, the second session, I7th Philip P. Barbour, of Va. I8th Henry Clay, rf Ky, l9di J,mts W. Tayloi, N, York, 20th Andrew Stevenson, of Va. 2lst Andrew Siev eiwn. 1791 1793 1795 1797 1799 1801 1803 1805 1807 IS 09 1811 1813 1815 1817 1819 1821 1823 1825 18.7 1829 From the Ji'ts'irn Ploughbov. IMPORTANT TO FA II ML US Mk. oawylk As our paper, the Ploughboy , is desigi ed and calculated to bent tit the farmers of our country, please to say to them in your next No., something about the barrelling of Pork and Beef, for the Southern market, and what constitutes prime Pork and Beef, &c. in barrels and half barrels. For want of this information, some i. four farmers ha'e sustained loss when unnecessary, and have ' :en compelled to sell their Pork and Beef for cargo, when it might have been accepted as prime or mess, had it been packed agreeably to the rules of market. Yours in haste, A SUBSCRIBER. DIRECTIONS, taken from cn Jet passed in the S:afr of Louisiana, providing for the inspection of Reef and Pork, in the eitu cf Nevf Orleans. MES PORK, must be wholly composed of the sides of well fatted Hogs, between the slum 'de and the flank. PIUME PORK. Three shoulders, with the shanks cut off at the joint, one head and a half, divested of cars, snout and biains: the balance tobe made up of sides, necks, l . i it r i 4 .naiaii pieces; say asumciency oi sice pieces to form the first and last "layers in the barrel CARGO PORK may be made cf uny

John Q. Adams, of Mass. Henry Clay, of Kentucky, Martin Van But en, of New York, Edward Livingston, of Louisiana,

part cf the Hog. that cm be condered mer- I chantable pot k, with not more than four; i i .i ii ... . .

suouiuers hiiu uram excluded as in prime. The Hog ought to be cut from the back bone to the middle of the belly, "m pieces not more than six inches wide, and packed in the barrel edgwise MESS BEEF must be made of the brisket and choicest sides of well fatted cattle. In a Barrel of prime Beef there must not be more than the half rf a neck, two flanks, and two legs cut above the knee joint; the balance to be choice pieces. A few side pieces will be required in prime. In a barrel of Caigo Betf, there must be a proportion of good pieces, with not more than the one half necks, three flanks, and two legs cut as in prime. The Beeves must be well fatted with corn, and cut in handsome square pieces, not to exceed twelve, nor to be less than four pounds in weight. The barrel must be made of good seasoned white oak or white awi, to be eighteen inches between .the chimes, and not more than twenty-eight inches long, swelling gently toward-, th" centre, and to be free from every defect. A quarter bound barrel with only twelve substantia hoops on it, is lawful, but on a full bound barrel at least eighteen hoops will be necessary. It is provided by law, that two pecks of coarse salt and six ounces of saltpetre shall be put in each barrel of Beef or Pork, besides pickle to be made with as much salt as the water will hold in the solution: but it is to be observed, that Beet requires a greater quantity of salt for its preservation than Poik, and where only a half a bushel is used in packing.it is rather doubtful whether, on reaching New Orleans, there would be a sufficiency remaining undesolved in the barrel I to justify the Inspector in urandmg it without changing its Condition. .Vote by the Inspector. Although the law ! requires six ounces of saltpetre, it is niv j opinion it would be better to dispense with the use of it entirely. Prom the Banner cf the Constitution. In a former paper we copied a note received from a correspondent referring us to the Acts (if the Apostles, ch xix, vs. 23, to the end. for a description of a town meeting similar to that held by the manufacturers and their partizans, in this city, on the 24th of September. We had not leisure at the monu nt to follow out the suggestion of our correspondent.but will now offer a few remarks to show the similarity between the town meeting held at Ephesus. in the days of St. Paul, and the one referred to in Philadelphia. And this we shall do in no irreverent manner, or with feelings devoid of respect for the high authority with which the parrallel to be drawn. It seems, that, in the days of the great Apostle of Truth, it was "the settled policy" of the city of Ephesus to worship the Goddess Diana. This idolatry had, in the course of time, raised a number of vested intercut; amongst which were those of a large class of manufacturers who obtained their living by fabricating silver shrines for the use of votaries of the Goddess, and who depended for their prosperity upon the protection they derived from the adherence of the pubiic to the same idolatrous worship. When Paul m ule his appearance amongst them, teach ing that Gods which are made with hands were no gods at all that the God of Nature, and not an artificial god, was to be worshippedand that the 'Ephesian System" was founded in delusion and error the manufacturers of shrines became alarmed, least the light of truth might strike in upon the miixK of their customers, and thus put an end to their lucrative trade. For the purpose, therefore, of counteracting the influence of the Apostle's teaching, it was resolved to make a strong appeal to the public prejudice and for this purpose, one Demetrius, a leading and popular silversmith in the city, called a town meeting! of those who were interested in upholding! the fraud now threatened with an overthrow. This orator, with a frankness and plainness of dealing not always displayed by those who have private ends to answer, addressed the assembly in a short and pithy speech, lie did not attempt, as some would have done, to confine his denunciations against Paul, as being the promulgator cf doctrines injurious to the country at large, and as the propagator of religion'? heresies, destructive of the great interest of the peo pie. but plainly spoke of him as a teacher of principles, which, if adopted, would ruin the profitable branch of industry iu which he and his hearers were engaged. This was his sptech : Sirs, ye know that by this craft we have our cvtulth. Moreover, ye see and hear, that, not alone at Ephesus, but almost throughout all Asia, this Paul hath persuaded ;.nd turned away much people, saying, that they ue no gods which are made with hands. So that, not only this our craft is in danger to be set at naught, but also, that the Temple of the great Gcddes Diana should be dis.Ucd, knd her rr.agr.iticence destroyed, whom all Asia and t!e world worshipeth." The speech of Demetrius had the desired effect. The appeal to the pockets of hi hearers excited their indignation, and, m stead of resolving to combat the arguments of St. Paul by attempting to show that artificial godi were alone to be worshipped, and that the public prosperity depended up on an adherence to error and delusion, wt are told that "they were full of wrath, am: cried out. saying, Great is Diana of the Ephesians." What observer of the mode in which the advocates tf the Tariff Policy at this day maintain' their system, cannot perceite perfect similarity between it and the one pursued by the manufacturers of Ephesus? "Great is the wonder working American System," so universal In the mouths of political quacks and interested mnopoliv.ts, i nothing but a paraphrase of the wa ch-woid of the Ephesian silversmiths. Bur the parallel does not stop here. We an to!d, in relation to the uicetii.tr at Enhe- . , . . ... sus, ui-i "tne wnoie city was til ed wirl 4 coofua ju," aud that, a; the buildup where

the meeting was held,'some cried one thing and some another: for the asscmMy was confused, and the most part knew not wherefore they were come together." Now, what were the fatts at the meeting in Philadelphia. Ye understand that one individual brought forward a proposition tn secure an expression cf the sentiment cf the meeting in favor c a law to appropriate the surphis revenue tf the Government to the purchase of the slaves cf the Southern. States; and that another, in addressing the audience, made a most unfortunate attack against tha American Sy stem, by insisting upon it that manufactures can be purchased cheaper abroad than they can be wade at home. The only point in which the parallel fail, is in the circumstance, that, at Ephesus some of the disciples cf Paul wete forcibly seized by the populace and carried into the hall, where violence would probably have been done to thtir persons, had not the town clerk, who was probably the chit f of the police, interfered to prevent it. "I his discreet officer, who was evidei tly an Ephesian System man, addressed the tumultuous assembly in this style : "Ye men of Ephesus! what man is there that knoweth not how that the city cf the Ephesians is a worshipper of the great Goddess Diana, and cf the image which fell down from Jupiter? Seeing, then, that these things cannot be spoken against, ye ought to be quiet, and do nothing harshly; for we are in danger to be called in question for this day's uproar there being no cause whereby we may give an account cf this concourse." This address had the desired effect, and the assembly was dismissed without any further uproar. The audience no doubt considered Paui's argument' as mere thtorym not to be brought into competition with the indisputable fact that Diana of the Ephesians was prodigiously greatand they probably concluded that no danger was to be apprehended from the preaching of the Apostle.

LATE FROM EUROPE, Rejection cf the Reform Bill by the houseof Lords surrender of the remainder of the Polish artnyCAtablishment cfa Russian Provincial government in Poland rejection cf the hereditary Peerage in Prance. The packet ship Sully, at New York from Havre, brings Paris papers to the 12th, and Havre to the i3th October, both inclusive. The most important information is the announcement that the Reform bill was rt jecttd in the British house of lords at half past G o'clock on the morning of the cth of October by a majority of 41 Galignani's Paris Messenger of the iOth October, thus announces the event. "The interesting strugtjie in the British house of peers terminated, as we w ere yesterday enabled, in a brief circular, to announce to readers in Paris and its vicinity, in the rejection of the Ut frrm bill, by a majority of forty-one! A telegraph despatch acquainting government w ith this important event, reached the Foreign cfllce yesterday morning, and at a late hour last night we received by extraordinary expre?& from our London correspondent an abstract f the proceedings in the lords dowu to half 6 o'clock on Saturday morning, when the division took place. Lords Wynford. Eldou. Lyndhurst, Tenerdon, the archb'uhcp if Canterbury, the duke of Gloucester, and lords Harewood and Barham opposed the bill, which was supported by the lord chancellor, lord Holland, the duke of Sussex, and lord Hastings. Earl Grey replied ut great length, and in conclusion declared, that, he had considered he had only done hb duty in proposing a measure that he deemed essential to the tranquility of the country. The rejection of the bill would disseminate discontent and dissatisfaction: hut hp wn.M not abandon the king as long as there was any chance or hope of his being useful to the Sovereign and the country. (Immense cheering.) The bar was then cleared for a division, when there appeared: Contents, and proxies, 158 Non-contents and proxies, 199 Majority against ministers, 41. On the result cf the division being announced, it was received in profound silence. In London cn Friday the 7th October, rt 4 o'clock, pm, many rumors were afloat in the city as to the future acts cf tup ministers. A new ministry with the duke cf Richmond at its head was spoken of. Another rumcr prevailed, that the king had determined t prorogue Parliament, and create new pet 1$ trom the oldest son of peers, favorable to the bill. A postscript to the Havre Journal of the nth, sfy s: "A courier extraordinary l as just arrived from London, frcn whcin wc learn, that just as he left the city, gteat tflervescence manifested itself atit ng thr people, that serious trouble were cu tUpoint of breaking out, and that in c rdrr to protect himself fiom an attack, tbe duke cf Wellington had barricadtd his house. Aicouir irom Warsaw are to 1 he 2f.h Sept The Rutiar,s en!eid Modim.n the 24th A ptivait letter Irom lietlin, dated 2d Oct states, that tht rcnuit.de r ot tfie Polish atir.y had i rc$cd the Pmssian frontiers on the 29 h Stpt ai,d UiA d-jwn their arms F.t.d Marshal p. nice Paskewitch Warscvrski. is appointed vernor general of tht ki-.gdoir. cf Po'.ui d, who on tbe26-h Sept isud his proclamation A manifesto rated St Pcicrburgh.Sepi. 16 h, and signcc by tfcermpttor, has apptated, which stabiihesa provisional government in Poiand, consisting ol a President and lour ncn bets. Poland is r.o 'cnger a riaticr; ste is a l to the Autocrat the blued uhich sho has poured forth in rivers, in the saocd cause of liberty and home, has availed net every tritnd cf hcroUm and patrk. tiss every friend cf bun anity, nuisi mourn over the fate of Poland, btac but tmfottmiate Poland htr nan e is blotud bom the map ol ratiens, Fiom Belgium wc lean;, that the aim.