Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 22, Number 9, Vincennes, Knox County, 9 April 1831 — Page 2

Tron the Louisville Puhlic Advertiser. INDIAN QUESTION, SETTLED. The following sketch of the decision of the supreme court of the U. States, in the case of the Cherokee vs. Georgia, is copied from the National Intelligencer of the 19th inst. "The Supreme court of the United States terminated its annual session yesterday. Among the decisions pronounced previous to the adjournment, was one up on the application, on the part of the Cherokee nation, for an injunction to stay certain proceedings ot the state of Georgia. The decision of the court was an unequivocal denial of the injunction.

"The opinion of the court was read by chief justice Marshall and is therefore presumed to be from his luminous mind and pen. We have not btren able to obtain it lor publication, anxiously as we desired to do so. Wc heard it read, however, and shall venture so far as to report the grounds of it, as to state, that the court disclaims jutisdiction of the case, on the ground that the Cherokee nation is not a foreign nation, in the sense of the constitution. These Indian nations, it is the opinion of a majority of the court, ate not sovereigns, independent of the sovereignty of the United States, but domestic dependant nations, in a state of "pupilage" to the United States or in a relation corresponding to thai which wards have to their guardians. The supreme court, therefore, cannot take cognizance of cases to which it is sought to make them parties as na tions. With respect to the rights of the Chciokees, however, as individuals, to the lands guarantied to them, it was; ptelty distinctly intimated in the opinion of the court, thai there is a mode by which they may br brought before the supreme court for adjudication. "The opinion went on to say, that, if the objection to entertaining jurisdiction in this case were not fatal to the application, there were other grounds on which as application tor the interference of this court in the case would encounter gave

objections. If jurisdiction was exercised in the case, it must be on the ground that the Cherokees are a foreign nation ; and the relations between foreign powers and the states, are placed in the chaige of a different branch of the government. Fot this court to undertake to arbirate such questions, would be to assume a pomticti power not intended to be vested in it. it weie true as argued, that the Cherokee nation isoppiesseil by the state of (leotgia, Sec cc.it belonged not to tuts court, (the opinion concluded) but to other tribunals, to assert their rights and redress their wrongs. "Mr Justice Baldwin delivered a very long separate opinion, agreeing entirely in the conclusion to which the majority ot the court had arrived, but not concurring in trie opinion whirh had hen tesd "Mr Justice Johnson also delivered a septraie opinion on the question. 'Our own opinion on the subject is of liUic consequence; but the reasoning of the couit upon the constitutional provisions bearing upon the case, appeared to js to be conclusive." O i. readers will perceive the decision ot .t.f aupicme coutt fully sustainsthe ri giMt.'.nts advat-tv.d a few weeks since :n .: Adveit scroti this subject j he li : ct tininent domain asserted by 'Georgia, is maintained by the court On this r nt tin- decision will give entire Si'i. iv. iion to the friends of state rights. In addition to denying, unequivocal;)', to the Cheroktes, the injunction prated for, ;he court has declared that it has no jurisdiction that is, that iiis not clothed win constitutional power to interfere between the government of Georgia and the Cherokees residing within the limits ot CJe.ugia. This is all v? have contended or. Whai will the Ciayites sy, in relation to this decision ? For omitting to use foict, i ) .)idct to prevent Geoigia trom extending her criminal code over the Indians, lesiding within her limits, the opposition have . harged the president T.'i.ii 'jpciiy countenancing and abetting rebellion ' This, it was asserted, was the highest crime with which the execu-ti'-. could t;C guilty, and, for this, it v - 'i ed, that he :.ught to be imfitach ?u N'orf, ivha dues the supreme curt U I teils us that the views of th . iuett are correct that he had no iver io prevent Georgia from sub iectmg the Indians within tier limits to the operation of her laws. The president has not only been abused, but threatened with impeachment, because he was unwilling to play the part ol sn usui per because he was unwilling to sustain the claims of the Chero net tu self government, in violation ol die tedc al constitution This important case ought to be re collected, as it exhibits the opposition in th ir true colors as the enemies of state rights and the advocates ol consolidation. On one point, judge Marshall seems to have travelled out of the record 11: intimates, that the rights ol the Cheto Icees, s individuals, to the land guaran tied to them, can be adjudicated on by tle supreme court. This intimation is tra judicial, and clearly indicates the leaning of the chief justice in favor of the principles avowed by the opposition. The intimation was uncalled for and unnecessary, and ought not to have been made !n making this remark, we do tvet raetn to be understood as contesting the validity of the mere possessory title cf ttic lcduG& to the landi they occupy.

On the contrary, we admit their light to hold their lands, until then title to ttu m, such as it is, shall have been extinguish ed ; but we deny that the geneiai government can sustain the Indian tribes wi'hin the states in the enjoyment of self government. On the whole, the decision in this case, is a fioser to the allies of the Indians alias the Ciayites. The Indian question is settled On this subject the opposition ate tail ly unhurted "routed and overcome. I he it favoi ite tribunal has pronounced their clamor at war with the

principles of the constitution, and tully sustained the views of the president. What will be their next hobby ? We are anxious to learn. They will not return to the subject of internal improvement, because they know the veto of the president is approved by at least four fifths of the American people ; and we find them so ignorant of the actual ope ration of the tariff that thev really cannot tell what sot of a tariff they want. Under these circumstances they have no alternative, but to continue to misrpre sent the "franked letter and the clerical erasures. Poor fellows 1 They are, in deed, "left without a loop to hang a hopa upon." It is reported that the president has been notified by chief justice Marshall that he intends, in a short time, to resign the office of chief-juBtice of the United States. lb.

EXTRACT From the Speech of Mr. Grundy, in answer to Messrs Holmes and Clayton, on the resolution respecting the Post Orncc Department 1 now approach a subject more intimately connected with theinquiiy before the Senate. The removals of postmasters, called bv the gentleman from Maine "procrip tion," a word which, from long habit and frequent ue, he pronounces better than any man in this nation. There areaboat 8.500 Postmasters in the United States; and sine this administration came into power, which has been near two years, about 500 have been removed. Let us now now see whether there be not unquestionable causes f lemoval, which may properly h ue produced as great a result as this. If a postmaste: should commit any depredation on the mail, he surely ought to be removed, although the gentleman from Maine should proclaim "proscription." Should a PoKtmaster -folate the secrecy of correspondence, which some men have done, the Postmaster G meral ought not to he deterred from removing him by the cry of "proscription." The same fate should await all delinquents in paying their dues likewise those who fail to render their accounts or who abuse the franking privilege; and if for any of these caues, removals take place, the gentleman from VI tine entertains the Senate with his "proscription." Frudulent exactions of posture concealing or detaining letters, or pamphlets constitute just causes of icmoval, and if they are made, we hear the gentleman from Mai- e cry out proscription!" Habits of intemperance disqualify a maw for the office of postmaster, and although temperance societies have done much in removing this destroyer of the human race firm our land, I would still ask, if there arc io drunkards in Maine ! and should I be swered, that tle worthy societies h vci tirely succeeded in the e:s m e , c r ot qui', so fortunate in the west. hh..m;n Tln-v have made promising and successful pr' giess.Stiil tins vice in sn t.c degree prevails; ai-d. dionld a postmaster ' t v.-cr, staggering mid rec !mg to his oflicc, so blind that he could not see a letter, -and he should be removed, the gentleman from Maine unconsciously and from habit, would cry out "proscrip

tion, lnsultiner or unaccommociHine tie- ;

poittneiit to persons having business at the ofrice habitual carelessness and inattention to the duties of the station, cor.stitnte just cause cf removal incompetency refusing to comply with the standing regulations of the department employing assistants of bad character the commission cf crimes a dissolute course of life such conduct as is calculated to destroy public confidence in the office: these are just causes cf removal, and if a postmaster be renv vedfor any of these, another victim is added to the gentle man's "proscription." The remote residence of the postmaster from the cilice the refusal to give new bonds when re quired being engaged in pursuits cf a disqualifying character, such as will cause long

periods ot absence trom the office - having , too considerable a correspondence for t.J 1 postage to be withdrawn from the revenue being concerned in a mail contract 'he in- ! convenient location of the office all these j render removals proper; and yet the pie- j tor nfifrti isrpr r'liirt, t i r t nnn- cm-li pawPC

V,nv v)vui jvv i v-vv-.- v ujwi i k'iv4. v - - i . -

deterred from hi duty by the cry cf 'proscription." The power of appointing his deputies, is riven bv law to the Postmaster General sole

ly. What right cf supervision has the Senate over his discretion in these matters? If they have any, it must result from the claim that the functions of the Executive are to be performed in the subordination to this body. This Is neither in accordance with the theory, the practice, nor the principles of the Constitution cf this Government." I will now show to the Senate ome of the effects of this "proscription," which, in the

poetical lanruaere of the gentleman from

Maine, "makes the land turn pale." It will j be recollected, that, on the 1st cf May, 1829, the postmaster irr this city was removed, and L)r. Jones, who is no Midiis, at whore touch every thing turns to gold, was appointed his successor. According to the report on my table, the nett proceeds of the office, immediately preceding this change, for one ye;r was S2,03 25. and in the first year under Dr. Jones' management, the nett proceeds Amounted to S',) H producing a clear gain in one year of S-5,139 86. Yes sir tiis single post oflicc, under the present administration, without the aid of additional commerce, or any unusual assemblage of cit2ens, has produced a profit in one year ti the government, of the sum which I quoed. and this is "prescription." I call it rerm call it by what name ycu

may, it hasproduced resu'ts beneficial to the country; and the profits since the year 1 have mentioned, have shefwn that the increase is not of a temporary character. Another efFect produced by what the gentlerun calls "proscription," may be exhibitec. There are not half so many new cases of delinquent postmasters as at former periods; there is a reduction of the number of delinquencies since the first cf January, 185 . of more than one half; and this reduc rim has been sensibly experienced within th- last year. This must be owing to some adequate cause. I know of no other to wheh it can be ascribed, but the terror of

"p oscription," which teaches, that for failures in the discharge of their duty, they will Ik removed from office. When i see such efects produced, I shall not be dismayed by tie term "proscription;" for m country pp fitsthougn the incumbent lose his place. W' shall hear ni more of such losses as SlO OOOin a single post o.Tce, as in the case nt' Fowlr.

SI 2Lfot OS

4 l V -

EMATNTNG in the Post Office at Yini cenucs. L "X county, la , the quarter ending the 31st March 1831. whicn if not taken out in three in on Mis. will be sent to the General Post Office as dead letters A. John Law, 4. John N. Allen, 2. Henry S Law, Joshua Anderson, Catharine Lindey, Sim. H. Alexander, oAdam Like,

i

David Arnold, Seneca Almy, Joseph Arpin, B. James Burns,

DaniM Bishop, Robert Bt azley, 2. William Bacel, George Butler, 2. Isaac Blackford, Captain Brice, Col. Bell. Mat y U.-ll. James I) lie-net, John G Bio icher.

M.

John Myers, John McCord, Rrhert McClurc, Wu. R.Mc.Call, Francis Mnhana, Maria Miller, ilium Miner, Samuel Vv Clure, Jac.b Myers, Frederick Markle, J; lines McCoy, John McClure, Isaac. Miner, A. L. Mills,

Vbrr am Birkman, Asa McChord, Ze - , Boztwell, John Mitcheil.

' . Bishop, ; ' , - ' ""diet, Vv'm. C!.fton,3. Eliz Coleman, Wm. Cunirti.iS, Philip Clarke, Julius C. Crristv,

N. II. B. Nethcrton, O. Robert Oliver, P. William Purcell, 2. Joseph Purcell, Richard P Price, H. or F. Powers,

Hannah Coincilman, Andrew Pit.kstafT.

o

John Cash,

John S. Camp,

John Crock, 1). Samuel Dunlap, Samuel Dunn, William Denny, John A. Davis, Patrick Donagan, K. S. Drake, John Durell, E. Charles English, John Elliott. 2. ' F. George Foster, G. Samuel D. Green, Georpv Garrett, hev is Go wen, ' V.'.i;:t:u Gamble, "h. Gr.tett--. Kj'.au Gr ( ;cr, H Jessv Harii.rj, 2.

as these without hearing the

T T

political 0.1.1- j :V;v I: -m '

nior of ' proscription!" And men should in ! . , .' 7U V1'

iy. ' 1 . x n 1 1 1 111.

some instances, lie renoedto obtain the!

2.

serv ices of those who are better qualified to

J' ho Holtselow,

um..i Al ec U1L UI VIH. apWOKIlillCIU. 11 1

has happened under every administrntic.i; it has happened under tins, and will o cur under every succeeding one, that from misrepresentation some improper removals and appointments will take place. Taking into view all these causes which I haveenumeratt d, is it not rather a matter of wonder.

rt j Jackson ILii 'un,

j . oc 1. Nathaniel Ller, Lewis Jones, Elizabeth Jones,

Richard Pa oner, Thcs. Ec John Pope, R A. G. Roherts, Samuel RodArmel, David Reel, Daniel Rollins. Daniel Raw lings, Godfrey Reel, Ann RavMings, Benj. F. Ruby, Jr o Roier, E. S. Riley, Davie- Reaugh, S. Mi' hael Shafer. S. K. Snecd, Thomas Say re, A. B Spalding. Samuel A. Stewart, Wallace W. Sullivan, James K. Snecd, W. Stone, Catharine Shower, T Samuel Fomlinson, Wm. Tavlor, U. John Underwood, V. Abr'm Yanarsdell, 2. W. Sarah Withers-, Cornelius T. Wolfe,

Robert N. Johnston, Stephen Webb, K. John Webster, Warren C. Keeth, A. Westfall, .

T a

that in the course of nearly two vears, but I .v;n. y , :r,""uVniuus' - .... e mr, 1 1 William Lownds. John ounsr.

JOHN SCO IT. P. M.

8-3: 136 I.

ATKINSON'S CASKET. GEM CF LITEH ATUKK, V.'Il StNTIiNT. : o cJJr- O E?.ch N. of this popular monthly periodical for 1831, will contain 43 or mors royal octavo pages of letter press, closely printed on fine type and good paper, forming at the end of the year a volume of about 600 pag-

es. Price S3 50 a year in advance. Every No. will be embellished with cne elegant Cepperplata and several handsome Wood Engravings Music, and illustrations of Botany; besides a beantif a I '1 it!e Page and a general Index for the volume. The copperplates w ill embrace Portraits of cur

most distinguished men, the fasiiona, Yiews and Fancy Pieces, equal to those of any fiericdical in the United S:a!e. An elegant plate cf the latest Fashions

will be published in the January No. One of the Figures a full length Portrait ot Queen Adelaide cf England; a Lady in tall Dress; a Walking Dress, and Cap and Turban, of the newest stvle. The Februray No. will contain a splenpid Portrait ct Washington. An elegant scripture Piece for March, is in the hands of the Engraver. The subsequent engravings will be of the best quality Liberal premiums ha e been offered for choice original contributions. And especial care will be taken to have the selections of the most interesting and instructive matter, consisting of Moral Tales, Biography, Historical Sketches, Poetry, Light Readings, &c. The Vol a nr. es cf the Casket for 1827, '2St 29, and SO embellished with a great number of Engravings, bound or in Nos. may stiil be had, price S2 50 a volume. This may be the last opportunity of obtainmg complete sets. But a small number over what is required for present subscribers will be published in 1831. Address (orders post Paid) SAMUEL C. ATKINSON. 112 Chesnut Street, Philadelphia. rtolLttrrcrij lite nilums. THE -aaiSL, Vol 5, 1831 with 12 S'llendid Engravings. :oso: Th;svery popular Literary Journal, published every other Saturday, at Sl.50 per annum, ill commence anew Volume on the 14th of May, 1831. Each No. is printed on an imperial sheet of fine white paper, making 16 pages, or 416 in a year, adapted expressly for binding The volume will be embellished with 12 beautiful copperplate cngravii gs, prepared expressly for the Ariel, and principally of American scenes and incidents. Its contents are Tales, Esseys, Foetry, Sketches, Biography, Anecdotes, Miscellany, &c. from the nwt popular English and Am-rican Magazines, Annuals, &c. with copious original contributions of value. The great and increasing popularity of the Ariel has induced the Editor to offer the follo" ing LITERARY PREMIUMS. 1. Any person who will procure seven subscribers, and forward Sl, shall receive a cpy gratis. 2. For ten subscribers, and Sl5, a copy of the Pearle (a Philadelphia Annual) for 1830 c 1831, the two containing 15 beautiful engravings, and a copy of the Ariel. 3. For twenty subscribers, and the sub scription money, the Pearl for 1830 & 1831,

and the Atlantic Souvenir and ISoston token for 1831, elegantly bound, the four containing near 45 splendid engravings, and the Ariel. 4 For twenty-eight subscribers, and the subscription money. Hume, Smollett and Bissctt's History,' of England, in 9 large volumes, with 9 fine engravings, elegantly bound, also the Ariel. These works are warranted perfect, and will be delivered free ot cost in Baltimore, Charleston, New Orleans, Pittsburg, NewYork, and at the Ariel c ffice, or sent as otherwise directed, but in that case at the own er'siisk. Orders may be sent in immediately and premiums will be promptlv forwarded. Specimens of the Ariel will be forwarded on application, post paid, to such as wish to possess themselves of any of the premiums. it" At least one of the above liberal premiums could be gained by the reader of this, in his own town, as the work is cheap beyond all precedent in the history of American publications, and if his efforts are extended to the adjacent villages, probably all of them could be secured. EDMUNDMORRIS. January-, 1831. 95 Chesnut, St. 5SEW PiiTBNT! LETTERS PA i ENT having been granted to Elisha Briggs, bearing

date the 30th day cf July, 1827, granting to him the exclusive right to make, use and vend Hollow Wcoden Ware, such as Tubs, Pails, cc. &c. made on an improved plan invented bv the said Biiggs, within the United States for the term of fourteen years;

MAS on rand and for sale, secral waggone,

4?.f which he ui! dis-

nose of at a leason-

"i able price; also, an

assortment ot rea

dy made PLOUGHS, constantly 00 h?nd, and may be had at the store cf Messrs. Burtch and Heberd, for cash, or at the shp of the subscriber. Thce well laid vrith steel, at thirty cents per pound those laid with steel on the hetl and point, at twenty five cents. Axes with cast steel edges, Item two and a half, to three dollars, eccording to the size He is prepared to execute all orders in his lin?, in the best style, and on the shortest notice. All peasons indebted, are desired to make payment JOHN D. DUNNING. March 16 1831. 6-tf

HAVE the pleasure of informing their friends and the public generally, thatthnj have received, and are noir opctiin, a general assortment of merckaiuie,r.:non'irhich 7iill be found Svpcrine Blach. Blue, Oirr, Broirn and Green cloths rerrj superior Irn-cn c ligrt-lduc cassinets Red, White and Green Flannels Rose Mackinaw and Point Blanlets Super Yllack Italian Lit "string Silk and Tabby Ythcts Bowbazets, Plaids, Can.brics Calicoes, Gloves, Hositry, Fashionable Bonnet and Belt Ribbons, Leg' horn Bonnets, Fancy Soaps, Cologne IVater. Silk ard Marseilles Ye. ting, Broini and BU a'died Domestics, Prunella, Morocco and. Mens Leather Shoe F.hc and Common Hats, fc. Sec. together rrith an assortment if Hardware, Iron. Steel, Castings, Fre.h Groceries .ind Queensirarc, they arc determined ;o offer ..7 the lowest rates for cash, or merchantable produce of any kind. They take thi opportunity of in fern ing the customer of the Yincenncs Stecxi Mill that in future that cstablhhnunt will be vnder the immediate management of one of the fnn; and they hope that their invariable disposition to occojmodatr icril ensure them a share of public patronage, K7TAc highest market price ft: Wheat, Corn and Saw-logs. December 2h, .1830 Yi-tf CLOVER SEEIL 150 biis (nesh) Clover Seed, just received and for sate by TILL AY, SCOTT, & Co. L.oulxvillr March 4th, 1631. N d'. Window G Sec. 300 KegsNaiisEc B; ds assorted sizes. 250 Boxes 8 by 10 and 10 by 12 Window Glass, IOO blls Green Copperas, IOO blls. T.r 2CO Kegs White Lcai. 200 Boxes & Kegs, Ci eel's superior

I bacco. 550 Reams Wrapping r apcr. 90 Reams Tea paper, 25 Boxes Rapp's Wool hatt,"

IOO d'-z. Spades, and Shovels, 30 (loz. Hoes. 300 Boxes Y. H. & G P. Tra, 150 blls Loat Sugar, 30 Casks Maiaga Wine, 25 Seroons, S F. Indigo, 50 Kegs Sad Irons, 40 ioxcs Candles, 80 doz Wire Sifters, IO fl'Z Fatent Buckets,

t O.C dnz. Tin Kettle.

With a large assottmcnt of . GRCCEEISS, jest received am ir.r sa'c by TILL AY, SCO IT Sc Co. March 4th, 1831. 5-2m.

r

TmCnstrltri):, Sale. RHE undersigned having taken out U letters of administration on the estate of Louis Lcgmo, deceased, late cf the county ot K.'ox as she is desirous to settle the estate without delay, all persons arc hereby notified ihM the estate is supposed to be solvknt, and

and the undersigned having purchased the j those having claims are icijueslcd to

April 1, 1S31

7SxECUT0ITS NOTICE.

HE undersign d has taken Letters

a few more than 500 out of 8,500 have been

removed? My apprehension is, that even yet there renwin among the subordinate : agents of the Departments, some men unworthy cf their pHces. I confidently hope 1 that the present Postmaster (iencral may

ero on, until none shall be continued in the

employment of the department, hut men ot I'estamrntai V from the Probate

worth and integrity, and that he will not beCour, ot Vanderburgh county, and Stale . .. , ... . . . !of Indiana, on th last will and testament Mnce thi8spccchvvasdehvcred.it hs 1 , . . f ,1 -, mi i u .... of Edwarb kigg's deceased, late ot appeared bv Mr. Abraham Bradlcv s evi- "l " ' - deuce before the committee, that when he LvnsviUe. m said county. 1 his is to

! left this Department, tlire were forty-two notily all those indebted to the estate to j clerks in the General Post Office, a large come for ward and make payment immcj nu.joritv of whoai wet e opposed to the pre- Jiately, and those havi-ig cliinis will sent ad ministration . and 1 am authorized to ; pease present them for settlement. The I wy that bvt three clerks have been rerr.oved' ule u soUem from e information 1 o the present Postmaster General, since . , muv ,.T , : be came into office. In another ease, the received. JOHN Ml I CH LLL, ' son of a clerk vras substituted for hi father j Testamentary Kr. r. 1 at his request. Eviasvillc, March 17, 133 U 73t.

Slid right for the State of Indiana, except

the counties or Fayette, Union. W ayne, Hamilton, Madison, Henry, Delaware, Randolph, Adams and Allen, do hereby caution all persons against infringing in any manner, on sa'd Patent, under the penalty of the law in that case made and provided.

They are now erecting an cstabiisnmect

present them for settlement.

XOTICE is hereby further fjivsn, that on Saturday, the 9lh day of April, 1831, at the dwelling house of the deceased, the administratrix will sell to the highest bidder, the personal property Lelonzing to said estate, on a credit with

at this place, and will shortly have i:i opera-: bond and approved secuiity a' d such

tion as many others as will supply the State

w;th this description of ware; cr they win sell a part of the btate. Letters, post paid, en the subject cf purchasing rights or making contracts for w are, will be promptly attended to. The ware is turned out of solid blocks, without stave or joint; is much lighter than

j the common ware, iron hooped ar.d paint

ed, and tar superior m neatness and durability, to any hitherto in use.

J. LIJW AliDr, K. MARTIN, 1). BAUD.

Latayety;, la. Alirch 10, 1531. ra J" Accounts to be forwarded to the editor of the Free Press for settlement.

Hags ! Rags ! Hags !

conditions as the administratrix m3y re

quire On the day of sale among th personal property to be sold arc anuir.ber of horses, sheep and hogs. HARRIET LOGNTO.-fJnV. March 18, 1831. 6 3t SI7IITH & TRACY'S n s) Tin & Sheet Iron C j MANUFACTORY. ON the corner of Market and Sc cond streets, have cn hand for tale, a large and general assortment of Tin and Sheet Iron vrare, which they clfer at reduced prices. Tinware will bo sold wholesale and retail uponadran-

CASH, or WORK, will be given foi

anv nuantitv of clean Linnen or Ccttcn taceous terms to purchasers

at the vrnsNTUJt sun office. i Viacenncs, October ic:?. 37V,t