Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 21, Number 52, Vincennes, Knox County, 5 February 1831 — Page 1

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BY SIiIHU STOUT.J SiLTUHD-JLY, FB3ETI.&21Y 5, 1831." VOX,. 2X1. STO 52.

I

it&cstcni Sun IS published at $2 50 cents, for 5 2

numbers ; which may be discharged by freely rely for a salary as low as was exthe payment of S2 at ths time of sub-! pected; they have contracted with Mr.

scribing. Payment in advance, being the mutual interest of both parties, that mode is solicited. A failure to notify a wish to discontinue at the expiration of the time subscribed for, will be considered a new enpavement; Sn no subscriber at liberty to discontinue, until all arrearages are paid Subscribers must pay the postage on their papers when sent by mail. Letters by mail to the Editor on business must be paid,or they will not be attended to. Produce rvill be received at the Cash Jilarket Price, for subscriptions, if delivered within the year Adtrrtisements not exceeding thirteen line, will be inserted three limes for one dollar, and twenty-five cents for each after insertion longer ones in the Game proportion iCT'Persons sending Advertisements, must specify the number of times they wish them inserted, or they v i 1 1 be continued until ord red out. and 'oust be for paid ccvrdi',; 1 v . I lO,.'j:-5 5 OF THE CANAL COMMI 2, j7 i a . . . U etc General Aswmohj of t ic of Indiana. j The Commissioners of the Wabash and Erie Canal respectfully report, that in May last they were organized as a Boar ! under tin- provisions of the canal law of th-: 1 is session of the Legislature, and 'inine'di ateIy made arrangements toprource an Engineer to superintend the construction of the oitul in Indiana, convinced that a sound re gard to economy required th. work to be entrusted to competent hands, they omitted no labour which was supposed necessit y to accomplish that object. From an extensive Correspondence in relation to canals in various places, an opinion was clearly formed that for prudence in the management, econcmv in the construction of canals, and sa tisf action with the persons employed, the school of Engineers in Onio, had been particularly fortunate; whieh, with their acquaintance with the prices of labour, cost of materials in the western country, and jersons qualified to construct the various works of the canal, as well as from the ruct, that the particular work which each Engineer had perfoi med, was well known to the Board, it determined them if possible to procure an Engineer from that quarter. With some di faculty they engaged Joseph Ridgw;i , j - Esq. 'vhohad superintended extens;. e and difficult portions of lhc Ohio canals from dieir first location to their final connh-ti m. Scientific acquire Sients .1 tue first order, joined -vita much prac; ii knowledge and experience in caji:iq; -.jr render him entirely competent for the ious d-i'ies of Chief Engineer. He txu ' d on tilt discharge of his trust early in ni;u last, and h is completed the ex an., lotions of the summit section as was oo--e;nplated by the canal law of the last se-i a To his report for estimates in detail, ohvis, ike, you are respectfully rexerri.d. The Act of Congress of May C9th, 18S0, authorised tne commissioners to select y,j;:'. 7.S-100 icies of land in lieu of those old Mid permaneatly reserved in the tiers of sections fading to the state in the canal du ttion. This quantity has been selected vnh great car.', generalh in small tracts of the public surveys contiguous to the canal line, and rcportt .1 to the Fort Wayne and (irowfordsville land offices previous to tin- iW' sales of lands in those districts; Mi.tV.ient time, however, has not elapsed to receive the answer of the commissioner of cf the General Land Office in relation to this subject, but as the selection was made in the manner and time proposed by that department, no doubts are entertained of its ass nt to the selection. The canal lands were advertised according to the provisions of the canal law, c in October last, 41.931 41 I0o acres, sold far the total sum of ST03S 85, of which S4, 49 59 of the purchase monev, and S'l 4S. the interest one year in advance on the le-id ic of S46,1S9 ;6, was received in cash, . . .1. 1 1 T"- 1 making the amount m casu oy merunu Co :iei)isioners, of S'-"01 05. The average price per acre was less than wasnnti-cipit-d. In Carroll and Cass counties, ywh.-.-h were partially settled, the sales fully ve dized the expectations formed of them; but higher up the route, where but few persons reside, much the largest portion sold was struck off at SLC.5 per acre. It v. ill be obser ed by reference to the report of the Engineer, that his estimates of the cost ef the summit section, exceed the estimates made by the commissioners in lrf.s. In making their estimates they were g.u crned by the prices of labour then generalh given in Ohio and Indiana, and the prices of provisions on the route labor at per month, flour at Si 50 per barrel, tin 1 bacon at 5 cents per lb. The Engineer supposed the price of labor too low, and m creased his estimates to bear a nearer pro portion to the present value of labor, which from the flourishing condition of the western Country, and the extensive works ot internal improvement, has materially increased in value. He found it necessary to extend th- feeder aout one mile further up the St. Joseph's, which with :4,000 dollars, or more than ten per cent for contingencies in his report, an item not charged in the Commissioner's tstimate, from the belief, that the liberal allowance of cost on the other por tinns of the route would cover that item, has increased the estimate of the Engineer for the summit section, over that of the Commissioiicrs near the sum of 1 he board are nut. however, apprehensive that the cost of constructing the whole work, will exceed the total amount of the original 'Hmutc. The work on cither &ide cf the

summit section was estimated at a much higher rate. The board were not able to

n roc nre an F.nfrineer on whom thev could Kidgeway, tor a salary ot two thousand dollars per annum, to be paid quarterly; board and travelling expenses to he paid by the state, conditioned that his compensation shall not be less than one thousand dollars, or equal to six months salary for the present season. It was considered a matter of more importance to the interests of the state, to have the superintendance of the canal entrusted to a person of undoubted skill and ability, than a few hundred dollars in the compensation. The sum, howerer, that Mr. Kidgway receives, is the same as the lowest price paid in Pennsylvania the same as was paid Judge Bates in Ohio, and a less sum it is believed, than is paid to the Engineer of the Louisville canal, in Kentucky The portion of lands sold at the late sale is by no means superior in soil or situation to an equal quantity, which, under the provisions of the law will be offered for sale in April next. The 29,528 acres h.uiy selected, In-fore the landsin the 'canal donation were ofi'i red for sole, are of the first quali ty, and would have commanded fair prices if they could have been off. red at the Lite - . . . sale. 1 lie board atetuliy aware, that with perfect propriety , the sphere of their duties is limited to earn ing into cfflct such mcasu,t.s us ey may be directed to perform, rather than to off. ring opinions to those who are much more able to decide. I hey cannot however, forbear trom ex-p,essin-the deen solicitude wnich thev feel for having a portion of the canal put under contract tne ensuing summer, a tnear-urt ! which they believe is equally demanded by the increased value it would give to tho unsold lands in tiie canal donation, and the terms held by the law of last session to the purchasers who bought lands under its provisions. The sum received in cash for lands sold at the October sale, as before stated, in 05, an amount too small to commence the work, and carry it on with sufficient rapidity to command public confidence, or in a manner which would be warranted by principles cf economy. The board are far from desiring that any course should be taken which would involve the state in liabilities of any kind, that would increase taxation on the people. They view, however, the grant of lands made by Congress as a rich boon, and wish to have the amount for which the lands will sell for, applied prudently and economically to the construction of the ork so far as it will go; feeling assured that with tins amount expended in the first instance, no diffieulty would be found in afterwards pledging the canal for a term of years for its ultimate completion. The commencement of th canal is ne cessary to make the cand lands realize their full value. A loan limited to the ameunt the lands may sell for, with the f.oth of the state pledged for the punctual piyment of the interest and its ultimate redemption, is believed to be the true policy to advance the interests of the ktate. No sum can be better secured than the amount which is, and will be due from the purchasers of the canal lands. Fhe interest is payable in advance, and the lands on which the several balances are tlu are subject to be forfeited for twenty days delay of payment The location of the canal ditecth in the centre of the lands from which the fund is derived, must so inhance their value, that few or no tracts will be forfeited, and if, in rare cases they should take place, from their situ dion they will be worth more than the three-fourths of the purc hase money or balance due; and from the faith of the stat being pledged to the purchasers of the donation that all such tracts shall be sold without delay, and the entire proceeds of such sales, applied for the benefit of the canal, no loss can be sustained. For the faith of the state to be pledged tor the regular payment of the interest and ultimate redemption of a loan limited to the amount of the balance due from the purchasers of the canal lands secured as that fund is, with the lands from which it is derived, rendered daily more valuable by the construction of a great work of public improvement in their icinitv, no hazard can be perceived. I nis assurance given would prevent distrust with the persons who might advance the loan, and perhaps insure better terms in procuring it, than could be obtain ed without its being given. A law authorizing actual operations on a canal should provide for the entire mea sures to be pursued m constructing it. 1 he sums necessarily required, in the progress of a canal, must depend on the lab or done in each particular year, which, from a variety of considerations, cannot he anticipated or met by annual K-gislative provisions, so as to prevent injurio is delays. A course of canal policv well denned by legislative enactment, providing for the measure V) be pursued, would establish a confidence in the work, which would facilitate the means of procuring a loan, and give a character which would be highly beneficial in enhancing the value of the canal lauds. In contemplation of a loan, limited to the amount of the balances due from the purchasers of the canal l ands, a B ard of Loan Commissioners, to negotiate loans, will per il qis be necessary. The business of selling the canal lands, and having the contracts executed for canal operations, will give the Board of Canal Commissioners sul'dent employ i i ti ii .1 r i lands which were sold previous to the act oil Co:n;ress, 18.7. and a tew trarts arc sinii larly situated on the canal line. 1'rcviMons i will be necessary to uuthoiize the Kniueer ! or Coir.miosioncrs to enter on the lands of j any person tor timber, stone or other matevials to construct the eanal, with power to I cau a jury and a.sMkim.vges. it any should he sust ameil more than wuUl be co uoeu- ' sat'.d for l) the increased v tlu which the ca.uil would v;ive the pro;Krtv it pas.,vs i throii ;h. And pr v is'.nus ut a ess u v t ;r e:ittiic desuuetioa of 1 .j in-.c'i.uv.c.il

structures and interference with Locks, ,

uates. CvC It is a matter of some regret to the Board, that the State of Ohio has not ratified the Compact with Indiana, in regard to that par: of the canal line, en the Maune, in

the bounds of Ohio. The act of Congress, j eu u- tnal we m'ghl go turwaid in offering that state 5 alternate sections on : checkei ing up the state with roads aio each side of the canal route, contemplated canals until cveiy farm should be lurn a continuation of the Miami canal from ished with an cutlet for its sui plus p oDayton to the Auslaze and down the Mau-1 h..; P,,,. ;,ir0 h,. r

ir.ee. I he dirhcudv, it not impracticab the difhctiity, it not impracucabUi-1 ly cf supplying the Loramie summit-with water, has probably had greater weight in producing their delay, in ratifying the compact, than an unwillingness to co-operate with Indiana, should our canal be made trom the Tippecanoe to the Ohio state line. The making of seventy-eight miles cf canal, and that not of expensive construction, would give them the benefit of the Tolls on all the freight which would pass in or out of the state, on our canal of 128 miles in length; the portion of the canal in Ohio will evidently be the most profitable part of the route, and independent of the advantages of the canal to that section of country, a regard alone to the profits arising from it will ensure its construction. In recommending a loan, the Board are influenced only by the wish to advance the ino rests of the State; they consider the Canal Fund, arish.g fiom the sales of the public lands, to he so well secured, that the state cannot doubt its stability or value, and that no risk would be hazarded in making the strongest pledges in its favour. The increased value of property ar.d lands, in the vicinity of canals, cm scarcely he appreciated, nor are the benefits aris lag from them, limited to th- districts they pas through they essentially contribute to the conveniences of a country, unfold is resources, stimulate its energies and add to its wealth. I he sums whic.j would be expended in the construct!-:i of the caind, would be that much additional c.-pital paid to the farmers an : labourers of tne state, and would give an impulse to business and enterprize, which would have a salutary effect in every quarter. Whatever disposition may be made of the canal subject, or measures adopted in relation to it, will give the Board great pleasure to execute such duties as thev mav be di rected to perform, and on their part will use every eff it, which they suppose may assist in the least degree, n promoting an object so important to the interests of the state. The expcndittiiesof the past year have been For pay to Canal Commissioncrs, SU80 00 For pay to Engineer, including salary up to Feb. 4th, lB.il, 1,000 CO Assistant Engineer, Surveyor, Hands, Provisions, Spirit Level, Instuments, Camp Eepiippage. Transportation, v B iard cl Englneeis, c.c 1 OCQ Oil 02 Applicable to canal expenditures, For B oks, Clerk hire, advertising s lies, cx. in selecting and selii' g lands, Total expenditure. Deposited by J. Vigus with Treasurer of State, B -dance io the hands of 1). Ban to meet outstanding claims. S3.218 02 721 45 S3,939 4. 7 '24,065 50 616 28 St',6'l 05 The sums received have been For cash received of Treasurer, Si 000 00 For cash received on acc't of sales of lands S27.G21 05 28,621 05 As per account and vouchers reported to Auditor of State. The editors who published the sale of lands were requested early in October last to forward duplicate receipts of their bills to the office of the Commissioners for pa -merit. A sm ill number of the accounts only have been received, aryu g in amount from fifteen to torty-three dollars. The settlement of these bills is in a train of negotiation. The repot ted balance ofg616 2b has been placed in the hands of I). Burr, to meet these claims and to be accounted for in the rext quarterly leport. All of w hudis respectfudv submitted. D BURR, -) J, V lVJ U o, SAML. LEWIS, 3 Indianapolis, Dec. 18th, f I'lf Ml' the ll'ahiish und i C. j. lVo.n he O, ..'.' BISTRIBUTION OP 1 H K SURPLUS KKV KNL'E. This is a questio . n which the interests of the wtule wtsr are deeply involved The propriety of the plan of disiribution as proposed bv Geo Jack son in his Message ot as' car, anil which hao been supported in his Ute one, cannot be successfully resisted The present debt ol Ohio should incline all to pause. The sound ol Internal Improvement is apt to tickle the ea- to please the fancy to draw imperceptibly upon the heart where interest is its basin The system should be fostered only, with a single eye to the genetal good, and to the advancement ol objects seeking the future prosperity and glory ot out com try In this too, the people should nev i er lose sight ol thei- hksourck- Pub itr r- - t r) i tmrr o ri.-.i r w. . v . - 4Citc means Aiu w nn the nressurc ol . ' t3,u' taxation is threatening the yeomanr" ot the soil with burdens lor which their sanction never has been obtained, should not our law givers ami legis atois guird with care the violation and infringement Mr lieir ri ,s Is it )t ,jme ;o ook senfJUS,l j,,,,, ,hc,c mMrj yQ h . . . . . . - . I in won rue weaiiu oi our ciuz.cn- lmii sis's? W iere indeed are th; hopes ot ihe farmer, if, io tne mi 1st ot theaivm al bjuniy he receives the result ot his

labors and toils, he is yet to be saluted

-Aim auuiuonai dollars and cents in eid of some private speculation? 7 n ! r IT itk in dor.. I . 1 L. V , , " SDU1 l"tl j lhc fcand abunknce n.ight be extend.k u ... uiucitU) iiiul muni eaouui ui, iuuwi. iu fall from ihe clduds Every woik of a public character, must draw upon the people for an equivalent, and its progress to completion can alone be aided hom the public chest. When drained, it must be rilled It has lon since been emptied into Ohio When we inquire for the substance, the shadow only w ceu us weicome I he pieat canal is indeed a work of magnificence, and icflects high credit on the et.tcrpiize of the age that projected it. It should go forward with all r.eedful facility. We would never intercept that generous spirit of en terprize that looks upon it as a source of future wealth and revenue to the state But i's cost wiil certainly be great, and buroeris will Jon hang upon the peopie, which, unless some measure be speedily taken to pay a onion of it, will be ound essentially to invade the future piospeti'y ol ()hi(, What ate the means which will best accomplish this object? are the people to exthiguish this th b ? Lven the interest on it is iio inconsiderable sum Taxation on real estate wiil ah.ne pay off u is interest, un'ess that portion of ;,. -urplus revenue which would fall to O ao should be applied, on the princip e ecorrm e nded. This subject was very happily treated upon in the !cc:r which we received, and which was pub'ished in our paper of October last, an extract from which we heie present. In allusion to the distribution of the surplus revenue ol the nation, the writer remarks: ' " The State of Ohio has contracted 'arge debt in the cor struction ol ti two canals, which will soon be completed, and which do so much honor to tie character and enterprise of the State To pay the interest on this debt, a heavy j laxa'.ioo on real prpeity i icquisite. The people feel the pressure, but tl.ty do not complain. The necessity ot this lax would be removed, by the appli a tion. ol a few years, of the sin puis tund, which would discharge the dtbt Is not tins desirable? And can this debt be discharged, within a reasonable time, m any other mannei? In less than te n years, per haps in six, ihe share which would fall to O io, ul the surplus revenue of the U. ion, would free the state from debt, and leue the income from the tolls on the canals, a cleat revenue lo the stale I his would bs more than sufficient to keep these! works in repair, and p;iy the oroii.ary j expenses of ihe Sta;e government As similar works would be c onsti ucted. by the kame fund, the income ot the S ale would bt increased, until the reverit.e arising from 'hesc improvements aim e, would out only be sufficient in keep them in lepair aod pay the ordmaiy expenses ol the government, but there would be an additional fund annually, which might he appropriated in t.nding the sy stem or in lhc establishment of fiee achods, as the L gislatuie might authouze This course of prosperity wouid be an nually accelerated by an accumulation of the means on which i depends Ah this and moic than can be anticipated. wiP be received, by this piopus d systcm o Internal Improvement. The State will be converted into a garden, the people enriched and lelicv td Irom taxation Let them deliberate on this suuject and tu'ly comprehend it. and then: can bf no difference of opinion 'If we i eject this policy, the whole action of the federal government, v. ill be unfriendly to our interests The mo ncys received in payment for public lauds, will be drawn from the courti v as heretofore, and expended on the sea boaid In that quarter, the expenditures ot the government have Ikc inclined, in the establishment ol the Navy Yaid?, L,ini nouses, oreaK waters, cira?ir;i harbors, building ships of war, &c. lor! the facilities a-d defence of Commerce Our disbursements must continue to be made in the same way, unless such plan be adopted, for ihe expenditure of '.the surplus money, as I propose. AH the States of the inteiior are deeply infer ested in this policy. The lenurks madias to its etTects on the prosperity of Ohio, are equally applicable to every other State. "Wc must be blind to our own brst interests, if we tail to advocate thi ss tern with earnestness I here is no time o be lot At the next session of Coniess the battle is to be tough?, and the result, 1 vet ilv believe, will have a more decided ir.flucr.ee on our destiny, as a nation, than ;.ny treasure which has been adm'td. srice the organization of the g 'ovenment In the vie vS here expressed, we mot

heartily concur It is i. dted tin c lo ' as arc or ma be cog'iiZible in Courts biog ho:i.tr this q icstio.i to the host m I v I aiming jti isdici n w er rlir coos ot eve v f.uu.-t a-id -x-paver of Ohio.jrion ar.d 'aws ot tt r Uvi'vd a!t No to ii i a i a v oi i x: oce ol thtci he e -xcepMon he. ma le, i 'tis t , c

1 conclusions, whu looks to lhc advance

merit ol his country's good. Is it not time 'hat petty speculative opini. ns, sh uldgivc wav to calm -fiectu n and rational inquir ? Will Ohio tush blindfolded upon that fatal n-ck on which all her hopes mav foimdc:? Wi.l dn iti-zer-s foster and i. courage ambito demag)ues in all the wild and pu fl-gato schemes ot txpenriituir winch in t,ot ed partiza:s and speculators nuv ask tot, without taking o-.e deep and s jiemn paust in rheir careei? Wili they forget the situation in which inev arepiactd . the obligations resting upon then- to guard the public debt and the public treasury to radua:e 'heir clam s for favoi by that unerring standard of duty which estimates every project fv the means of its at compiishrnet't, tii dcr the sanction and tne guidance of the public will? Whe'e st all Ohio now rak ;.cr stand? On what great pr'n cip'e o pubhe utility must she lean in this her I . ur of niai? We ?nswcr urm her wri rescurcetifitibaf.ded will cere unburn melted by dt b:n ttncun'.am ,aicd ii, he Wild, delusive vi.io-ary -r mrt o- private xmeient ',r f.ubl.c aribmon Against ttii? fou n da : ios, the u aclnnation ot every p iz-.u aspirant, fen popular pre ft i ri: i t , wlfihei nr not l carries Internal In firowment and Domes' tic Manufactures upon his shouldcrSj wili find it in vain to contend

DUTY ON SUGAII. The subject of reducing ttc duty a Sugar, u hit his now ananicieoi necessity in a most every family, has be to agitated in Coi giess A resolution, however, to this effect, was voted do vi;. 99 'o 83 As we find advocates arm r.gst us tot this duty, (3 ems on rhe m ) we have thought it might my. be an is to make a few calculations explanat ry of its bearing upon 'I is state f he State of Ohio contains about 936. OoO inhabitants, and adowi g six to.sto each tani y, tt ee v. eu be 56 Ot)0 farnilies We think :r w u d be a on M. rate calculation to say tna- cell tamiiv , on an average, consun.t 5 ls. o sugarayar. "I le duty on t ,;s ing 3 Cenia pei 'b air 'Uin i. 51 p.ef Uii'ily ir.akn g i Ire whole n paui by toe citizens ot Ohio n t s a - 'c v t. con -timp'i n ul( tic, an.ount 234' 0- dars quailing, if net surpaM our ( ariuitax CU rmoni alone, pays va st 4. 50 dollars. This is or. e of if.t atactica eff. as ot Henry Clay's "Au c ican system" and we dt ly l is arvo r. s lrl the woi id, to contradict it Y J ..Ion is io in down for recon rne g .. rartiai retiet from this b ntioabe ays' em of unjust taxation - Oh Sun. The enemies - Ci -neral Jackson en deavor to p opagao the he .let. thai fie is not actua'oy P csitlent ilefoi e his e o ction, thty wet. ijtdusirious i r spt-uling the notion, (ha he vvs a i rannic jlMitray Ci iv Tain; impcu u-, htads ioi g a:d w: conti oiubif , vv ho wou.d be per petu)iy en broi!eci with hi own cabir-ct ar.d with loitigo nations A' what poinr of time do the enemies of Gen Jackson speak truth? Certain it is, it would be as easy ; lask to convince a sensible man that Gen. Jackson was a irere i o-i;inal General at New Orleans, as that h- is in leading strinps js a P-t s'df n; of ifv. United States. Harruburgh Chronicle. INTERESTING TO FAH M E It S. Rxtract of a IrtUr to t)r t .or. t afajj Hatrisburg. J n 6 'M3I 'I send y. u a copyot a etu . t reived by Mr Shurk. cb i k ot the H R his morning from J H Powell, who is now in England, containing informatien cf a highly important characiet to the farmers of this country "Ay dear Si' I have hut oue moment f sta?e that I hve- high -uthroi y for saing rhat li e supjn of gaM i n the Continent of Europe is short. -,nd that .gents from F ance l.avt gor.r to the U States to pitrchae the crn Sec. ('omiMinicarc this to the farmo of both houses. In great haste, jour t.icnd. Col Powe ll is a resident of Phii-t'cl-phia. bu' has been in E'-c'pr-d !or some time, and no doubt has a knowicd e of the uljer: on which he wtitcs liar risturg fir. per. TiSSCLS VS GF.OIlfilA. The b.ilow.r.g ati ot ths L g suture ot New York, declarir g that "h sole and exclusive cognizance ot allcuoes and nfTcr.cts comrritted wiit in" Utat S'atc "belongs of i ight to Courts hoi. en under the eoustsiution and laws ilu tt f, as a necessary attribute of sovereigi.-y amounts to a full assertion ot the xiht claimed by Georgia in the case ot i asst.!, ai d to an an. pie vindication ot her conduct By the act of IS22, New Yoik extended her ju'i-oicio i nvtr isli r; ii,. dim trit e within her limits; d asserted the rk'h of the state to punish antf trv "all a"d t very pervjn, ol whaieer I nation or tribe for crimes anc! e fT n cs - 1 ciimcs of piracy, treason against the U.

t