Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 21, Number 51, Vincennes, Knox County, 29 January 1831 — Page 4

WONDERS AND MURMURS. BY S. C. HALL. Strange, that the wind should be left so free, To play with a flower, or tear a tree ; To rage or vamMe where'er it will, And, as it lists, to be fierce or still : Above and around, to breathe of life, Or t mingle the earth and the sky in strife ;

Otitic to whisper, with morning light. Yet to growl like a fettered fiend, et c night ; Or to love, and cherish, and bless to-day. What to-morrow it ruthless rends away ! Strange, that the sun should call into birth All the fairest flowers and fruits of earth, Then bid therr perish, and see them di?. While they cheer the soul, and gladden the eye : At morn, it is the pride of spring At night, a shrivelled and loathsome thing ! To-day, there is hope and life in its breath, To morrow, it shrinks to a useless death ; Strange does it seem that the sun should joy To giv e life a'.oue that it may destroy ! Strange, that the ocean should come and go, W ith its daily and nightly ebb and how To bear on its placid 01 east of morn. The bark that, ere night, will be tempest and torn ; Or cherish it all the way it must roam, To leave it a wreck within sight of home ; To smile, as the mariner's toils are o'er, Then wah the dead to his cottage door ; An i gently ripple along the strand, To watch the widow, behold him land! But, strangerthan all, that man should die When his plan is formed, and his hopes are high ! He walks forth a lord of the earth, t-day. And the morrow behold him apart of its i lav ! lie is born in sorrow, and cradled in pain, A"d fmm youth to age it is labor in vain ; And all that seventy years can show, Is, that wealth is trouble, and wisdom woe ; '1 hat he travels a path of care and strife. Who drinks of the poisoned cup of life. From the Louisvill" Public 1dvertixcr. HIGHLY IMPORTANT. It appears that a wm of error has been issued from the office ot the clerk ol the supreme court of the United Slates, commanding Georgia to appear before that ti ibunal, to answer for iht conviction of George I'assles, an Indian, for the ciime of murder, under the cii mmal iaws of that state. By the meie issuing i if the writ the court does not Cc:saiiiy stand commuted; it may bxc been issued ry ihecletk i;lum autuo-ity from any one of H e judges, St th cut may ultimately rele to taa ju.isd ction of the case. Hut, we havt re-son to tear 'hat the sumo. ons was i 3U'd ui'h tac t approbation of a portion ot the judges, and that h majoi tty of the C"un -nil unite in an v fYo 1 1 bring the federal govetnm nt into collision with Georgia, by denying i thai state the right to punish ctimcs committed within lier limits I hat such a course is ap pi i bended by Gemgb, is demonstrated Ly the message of governor Gilmer, and the resolution of the legislature, ditect ing the executive to resist, by force, any attempt that may be made to pc vent the due execution of her criminal laws r tie ibject of this movement is to bring what is famiuai ly termed the In duo question betoie tae supreme cou t of the United States. It is assumed, that Tassles is a citizen or subject o- a Sovereign and independent nation, and cannot, for that reason, be subject to the operation of the criminal laws of the Btate in which he committed the mur eler. Should the court take jurisdiction ol the case, and decide against Georgia, THkN the controversy w id, indeed, as 'Siimt a momentous aspect. Georgia CViLL resist and, in the laou ge of the edit or of the K muckian, tither the national authuiiy. or the statt authority, involved in the premises, must succumb" Such a struggle would con vulse the nation from the centre to the extremes, and shake the government to its deepest foundations In such aeon flict Geo gia will not stand alone She would find an ally in every republican State a defender in every American who values the liberty he enjoys under a limited government We yet hope that the court will refuse to entertain the qucs'ion which the ad Tocatcs of an unlimited central govern men: have attempted to bting before it. This course is desirable, 3s it wou'd a mount to a tacit recognition of the right ot tne sovereign states ol this confedcracy to convict and punish person for crimes committed within their limits Thu right cannot be surrendered by the 3tates. unless they are prepared to be Controled bv a despotic central govern rnent to give the general government pa imount jurisdiction over their soil to abandon all their reserve-flights, and lo acknowledge that they have no right to pass la w for the good government of their own citizens. it may be supposed bv some, that th? authorities of Georgia have acted preci pi'aiely on this subject We d not Ihi ik so A blow is aimed a1 her sove Teigoty and independt-nce an I we ho!d it to he proper and patriotic to resist u turpa i m at he threshhold An flVt

1 progress to skt fc k im", inuin-L.i pr,,,,, court oi u;c siate 01 ueorgia or cUiicocf .UcfcUcrmconsmuiiw-andJhll ccimy, in the count, of 11.11,

i n progress to skt K he-, to direct v i

it is the duly of her soYcrnroer.t to

maintain the integrity of iter territory with all the force at its command. By such an e ffort she would be controverting no law of the Union on the contrary, she would be defending a right which every state in the confederacy hasexcr cised, from the period of the formation of their governments to the present day, c which no republican state will peaceably yield. That a portion of the journals of the day will contend, that the supreme court may rightly assume uuthoiity to contiol the states, and to arrest the operation of their laws, we do. not doubt but we trust we shall, should the supreme court venture, in this instance, to decide against Georgia, find a majority ol r.nr political opponents, struggling sgainst consolidation, and defending the rights of the states and the libetties of the states and the liberties of the people We repeat that we yet hofic the course ot the court will be iust and consntu floral but, when we iccollect that the same tribunal maintained the validity of the alien and sedition laws, we should be unfaithful to the public, were we to ad mit tnat entire confidence ought to be reposed in the patiiolism or integtity of its members. I his movement against the sovereign y ot Georgia has grown out of the opposition of the Clav party to the removal of the Indians west of the Mississippi a measure recommended by JcttVtS'in, Madison and Monroe, and by J lv Q Adams and his secretary ol war Snouid it terminate in a civil war, the catastrophe may be gratifying to the man who declated he would piefer "War, pestilence or famine,' to the election of the ptesent chiel magistrate but the patriotic and intelligent portion of the American people will view with abhor rence, thnse who have endeavored, and are still striving, to produce an open rupture between one of our sister states and the general government. Frankfort, January 14. HIGHLY I MP OUT A NT. The foilovwpw: documents weierecei ved by the last Miliudgcville Journal And they show the impotiani tact, that an issue has at length been made be twetnthe judicial y ot the United States and the state of Geotgia! It must have a termination ; and either the national authotily, or the state authority, involv ed in tht premises, must succumb The chief justice of tte U.mrd States has calied on the state of Georgia to show by what authotity she has sentenced to death an i:. dividual nl subject to her laws I his Gem gia refuses to do, md declares, that she will i esist the man date by all the means in her power. But Ae cannot make the case plainer than it alteady siand- in the d ' uments them se res We deem its oc current one ot (he most important events in the history of our countiy the m st important perhaps, since the adoption nf the national constitution Xentuckian. From the MiWdgcrille Georgia Journal. House of Rktrkskn j atives, ) IVedti' sday, Dec 22 J The following communication was ic ceived from the governor, which, ahei being read, with the accompanying document, was referred, on motion of Mr Haynes, to a select committee, compo scd of Messi s Haynes, iieall of Twiggs. Howatd ot Baldwin, McDonald and Scholey. Executive Department ) Decembc 22. 1830 I submit to t lie legislatuic, for its consideration, the copy ot a communication reoiveo this day, purporting to be igncd by the chief justice of the United Stau-s, and to be a citation of the state of Georgia to appear before the supreme court, on the second Monday in January next, to answer to that tribunal for having caused a person who had committed murder within the limits of the state, to be tried and convicted therefor The object of this mandate is to con trol the state in the exercise of its ordi nay jui isdiction, which inciiminal cases, has been vested by the constitution exclusivcy in its superior courts So far as concerns the exercise o the power which belongs to the executive depattment, ordei s received from the su prcme court, for the purpose of staying, or in any manner interiering with the decisions of the courts of the state, in the exercise of their constitutional ju t isilic tion, will be disregarded ; and any attempt to enforce such orders will be ' listed with whatever force the laws niav have placed at my command. If the judicial powers thusattempted to he exercised by the courts of the Uniied States, is submitted to, or sustained, it must eventuate in the utter annthi lation of thr state governnients, or in o ther consequences not less fatal to the poace and prosperity of cur present highly favored country Signed) GEORGE R GILiER. UMTKD STATES OF AM K MCA. SS T-j the State o Georgia Grrettng: i u arc uc-icuv tucu auu aumon stiea ' . . . U.. J l -. il to or iud appear at a supreme court the United Mates, to be holden isiIo 'too. on the seromJ ..Imw .a mi Ja iui'v next, pursuant to a writ of er 'or, G cd in the clerk's office of the su pMioi court ot the state ol Georgia 'oi

whtrrb George Tastlc, tn'us Gccrgc Tasslcp, alias George Tassel, alias George Tassle is plaintiff in error, and the said state of Georgia is defendant in error, to show cause, it any there be, why judgment rendered against the ;.id George, as in the said writ of ciror mentioned, should not be con cctcd, and

why speedy justice should not be done to the patties in that behalf Witness, the honorable John Mah SHALL, chief justice of the said supreme court of the United States, this 1 2th day of December, in the year of our Lord, 150. (Signed) J MARSHALL, Ch Just, ot the U S. . a The committee to whom the aoove had been leferred made the following report, which was agteed to by the house, and concurred in by the senate : Whereas, it appears by a communica tion made by his excellency 'he gov rn or to tne general asscmuiy, ma; mc rliipf inctirp nf the sunremc court of i .v- - - - i . of trior, and cited the state of Georgia. through her chief magistrate, to appear btf e the supreme court ot the Uni'cd Slates, to defend said state against said writ of etror, at the instance ol one Gcorrje Tassels, recently convicted in Hall supetioi court And whereas, the right to punish crimes against the peace and good order of this state, in accordance with the ex isting laws of this state, is an original Sc a necessaiy part ot sovereignty which; the stale of Georgia has ncvei parted with Be it therefore reiolved by the Senate end Ihuse of Kefir esentatives, l?c I hai thty view wnhtetii g ot deep re gret, the interfeicnce by the chit ' jusice ol the supreme court ol the U i it cd States iti the administration of thtciim : I 1 - 1 . 1.:.- , ,...,! . 1. . ' IIIUI IrtWS Ul 11)13 51JIC tflMI IUU 1UI II a interference is a flagrant violation of hei right Rtsolved further, That his cxcellen cy the goven oi be. and he and t v ei y o iher ofiict r of this state, is hereby re quested and enjoined to disregard any and every mandate and process thai lias been or shall be served upon him oi them, purporting to proceed from the chief justice or any assoria' justice of the supreme court of the U .fed Siaes for the purpose ot arres ing iht cxicu tion of any ot the criminal laws of tins state. jind be it further Resolved, That his excellency the governor be, and he is hereby auihoiiaed and required, with all the force and means placed at hi com mand, by ttu constitution and laws of this state, to resist and repel any and ev tiy invasion from whatever quaiter. up on the administtation of the criminal laws of thi stale. Resolved, That the state of Georgia win never so far rompiomit her sove leintVi as an inoepencent state, as to b cou.e a party to the case sought to be made before the suptcme 'court ol the United ra'es by the writ in question Resolved, That his excellency the governor be, and he is hereby, authori 7,td, to commu' icate to the sheiill nt Hall county, by express, so much of the foregoing resolutions, and such mders as arc necessary to ensure the full execu tion ot the laws, in the case ot Georgr Tassels, convicted of murder in Hall county. Tuesday, December 21, 1830 In the senate, to day, the President pro. tern communicated a memorial front sundry inhabitants of Butler coun ty, Pennsylvania, praying that the transmission on Sunday of the United States' mail, may be prohibited bylaw Bills were introduced by Mr Johnston, on leave, for the relief of the sureties of William Gibbs, deceased ; and to autho rize the inhabitants of Louisiana to enter back lands The bills for the relief of John Bronson, Thomas Fitzgerald, and tor carrying into effect certain Indian treaties, were severally considered as in a committee of the whole, and ordeied to be engrossed and read a third time. I he senate having organized itself into a high court of impeachmhnt, the trial of judge P ck was proceeded with Mr. McDurriB concluded his argument on th part of the house of represontatives ; after which, and the production of some documentary evidence, the court adjourned till this day. The house of i eprcscntatives met at I I "'clock, and after the reception of petitioru and the pi esentation of a number of resolutions, am-ng which was one of fered by Mr Wickliffe. directing the committee on the judiciary to inquire into the expediency ot abolishing imprisonment (or debt by virtue of process from courts of the United States, the houe resolved itselt into a committee of the whole, Mr Cambrelkhg in the cnair, and proceeded at rhe assigned ... nour to the chamber of the senate, for the purpose ol proceeding with the im "'"c.aiii juue rccK .vir .vicuufriE resumed and concluded his ie - at ks; and alter various documentary uccu luuiiuuru, uic cijurii ac i. mrnpft .,a .k i .... ,i... ct,heir hall. Mr Tambrklkng repor'ed at i nrni?res ru .V... .!... ,,.,,,! . j ..... v. ami HIT Mt 'Mill I I C1UI IK U 1U r j ..v. if. iiu?k au ''Ui libU i til - I i . J I I o hu-k this da Wednesday December 22, 1630. In the stoaie, to day, the resolutions' suti-mtted o . tP sdav bv 1essrs Hen j dmch, UoLMEs.and UaKIb, we.eccn - suboiued

sidered and agreed to. On motion o Mr. Hendricks, and by unanimous consent of the senate, the bills for the relief

of John Bronson. Thomas Fitzgerald, for

carrying inta effect certain Indian trca-1 resolutions, the resolution submitted on ties, were severally read a third time & 1 former day, by Mr. Taylor, respecting passed, and sent to the house of reprc 1 the printing of the indices to the journsentatives for concurrence. After 12 o-; als cf congress, was. upon the motion erf clock, the high court of 'impeachment , Mr. Polk, indefinitely postponed. 'I ho for the trial ot judge Peck, met accord-J motion of Mr John, to rescind the reing to adjournment, and upon the arrival '( solution that the house should attend tho ot the managers from the house cf re-J senate chamber, during the trial ol

preventatives, the case was proceeded judge Peck, was taken up; end Mr, ir w'nb. Mr Lawless gave in his testimo xvin, of Ohio, moved that its considerany ; and at a quarter past 3 o'clock, be- tion be deferred until Monday next. Oo foie the examination or that gentleman j motion, however, ol Mr. Sterigcre, the had been concluded, the court arose, and resolution rj? laid upon the table, by a the senate adjourned. i vote of ayes 76. noes 70 '1 he house

In the house ol representatives, after - I 1 the usual presentation ol petitions and re solutions. Mr Hoffman, from the com miner on naval afl'oits reported a bill to authorize the construction of three schooners for the naval service of the United States It was read twice, ard rer t , - PTTIl I rk 1 rnnr.nill.A I the whole on the state of tht Union Mr McDuffie, Irom the select committee to vh m had been referred that part of the president's I message whch related to the question of the re-eligibility of the president for of fice, presented a report upon the subject. It was read a fust and second time, and ordeied to be printed Mr. Dwight offered a resolution that the house meet at II o'clock, and attend the senate at 12 dining the tiial of the im peachment ol judge Peck. Mr White, ol New Yoik. called for the yeas and nays on the question, which were order cd a uflicicnt number rising to sustain the cad Mr Pettis, Mr Dwight. Mt ( lay, and Doddhice addtesstu the house on the subj i i, tli- latter gentleman moving as a . amendment to the resolution, the resolution submitted by Mi H f-MAK on the preceding day. to the cfT 'nat the house should attend d 'V lv day duiini? the nial. Mr HoyF man supported the necessity ot the at tendance of the hMi-t ; -Mid after some remaiks 1 1 o 1 1 M trong 'he amend ment oi Mi. OoDDRiDGt was ntgati ved Mi Urayiox ifvtd a further amc ndment it. at .he mttn3gcts only shomdbe requited to attend. I hi was also negatived ; and the question was ta ken on the passage of the resolution by y eas and nays ard lost by the vo e of 87 to 4 i ne lemamucr oi tne session was devoted to 'he orders of the day; nd abou 3 clock 'he house adjourned Thursday. December 23, 1830. In the senate, to tiay. the bill making provision tor the settlement of the claims of certain citizens of the United States lor spoliations on th ir cou.merct ny the French prio to September, 1800. wuscon'si eted as in a commii'ceof the whole, and m.ide the special oiderofthe day for Monday next In the senate, as a hih court of impeachment, the rmss examination of Mr L E Lawless. ; witness on the tiial of judgi Peck, was continued until near 4 o'clock, when the curt adj utned In the ho us.- of representatives, a mi'iig othei s-.Urions was one submit ted bv Mr iancky. ot Kentucky for ti c- rtduciiui. i.f the per ditm compen sa'iou ol membtrs and their mileage al towance, trom eight dollars to six; tht inuse, however, did not enter upon its consideration After the transaction ot me inual business of the early part o the day. the house, on motion of Mr Haynes. adopted a itsolmion to attend tne seriate chamber , d.y by day, duting tho trial of judge Peck ; and at 12 o clock they roohed thetnstlves into a committee of the w:oIe, Mr. C ambre leng in the chair, and accordingly pro ceeded thithei. At near 4 o'clock they returned and reported, and the house ad journtd. Friday, December 24, 1830 In the senate, to day, setting as a high court of impeachment, the trial of judge Peck was continued by the cross-exam ination of Mr. Luke E Lawless, which occupied the court until near 4 o'clock, w hen it adjourned over to Monday next. In the house of representatives, a variety of petitions and resolutions were presented and appropriately disposed ol Among the latter, was one to rescind the resolution that the house should at tend the senate chambtr during the trial of judge Peck, the consideration of which was, however, postponed until Monday The house afterwards went into a commi'tee of the whole, Mr Cambheleng in the chair, and proceed ed to the senate to prosecute the impeachment. On their return, they re ported progress, and adjourned until Monday. Monday, December 22. '830 In the senate, to day. Mr Fueling MUYsek presented a memorial from sun dr y f Ictks in the different navy yards in the United Ststes. p'aving an increase of compensation Mr Holmes present ed a petition from sundry shipmasters. praving the establishment of a lightj house on SwanMs and, in Jericho On motion of Mr Fvot, and by unanimous consent of the se au , the hills for the reliet ol Henry flecker, and Samuel Xowell, were seetally read a third time a'.d passed T he bi.l incoi porati-.r thJ 1 oiomac rire lr.suranre comranv ol Georgetown, was received from the house, read twice, and teferred to the committee on the District o! Columbia In the senate, acting as a high court of impeachment, for the trial o! judge Peck, the cross eximimninn ..I M. I : Fd ward ! ,vt ut . i . l c'cucl tenhc mVf'uh fUn. he

mcc) tbit Mr. L. will be further ex.irr oed today, by the managers. In the bcuse of rtpre.eTitativci, aftcf

the usu-i presentation of petition and j then resolved itself into a committee o l.L - t I 1 f' I ".I U - t the whole, Mr. Ccn hreltng in the chatr, and proceeded to t! e sei-ate chamber, to prosecute the impeachment. At half past 3 o clock, they returned and report ed ; and the house adjourned Tuesday December 28, 1830. The senate, to d?y, after various petitions and resolutions had been presented, reports made from con mitttes. and the transaction cf executive business ia secret session, resolved itself intoa high court of impeachment, and the trial of judge Peck was con'inued. After receiving the testimony of Henry L Geyer. Esq ,the R v M Herril, and Arth ur L. Maginnis, Esq , witnesses summoned on the part of the house cf re presentatives, and the cross examination cf those gentlemen by the managers of the impeachment, and the counsel for the respondent, the court, at a late hourj adjourned until 12 o clock to-day. In the house of representatives, ncmeious petitions, reports and resolutions were submitted. Mr Buchanan, Irons the committee on the iuuiciary, report ed a bill further to decline the duties of the attorney general of the U. States, and of the solicitor of the treasury. It was read twice, and referred to a com m'rtee of the whole on the state ol the Union. Mr Cambrelctig, from the committee on commerce, reported a bill 'o alter certain duties on foreign merchandize, imported into various potts in the western waters; which was similarly disposed of Mr. II'ic Jf Iffe ficm th committee on public lands gave notice that he should on Monday, move that the house go intoa committee ot the whole on the bill to graduate the prico of the pub'ic lands Mr Taylor presented a new resolution foi the punting of the indices to the journals of the proceedings uf the house ot representatives, commei cirg with the 18th congress, atid c i iitir.iM d to tht present time Mr Pclk n.ov tt its n.rji finite postponement. Mt C an,brt leng uggesttd lto rcfertr.ct . t. e . ..mm lute on the library. M i Po.'l quit scirg in tl.-e proposition, it wjss, af- v. ne discussion so refciied. Mr Howard moved thereprinting of certain repot is, present 0 by the cori.mittees of commerce and n.anulactures, in the years I8C2 3and4t but, atter some remarks from Mr. Sfircght and Mt Ramsey the house having received an.essege from the senate that they had resolved themselves into a high cout of impeachment, on motion ot Mr Haynes, resolved themselves into a committee, Mr Cavrbrcler.g in the chair, and on motion of Mr, Buchanan, repaired to the senate chambet, to prosecute the case On their return, they reported progress ; and the house adjourned NOIITH CAROLINA General Alontfcrt inokes has been iected governor of North Carolina, vie governor Owen, who declined a re election. It is a gcod sign to see a farmer rise early and go about his own business but a very bad sign to see him rise late and dive into his neighbor's affairs m WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, JVciemktr 17, 1830 J PENSION AND BOUNTY LAND HIGULATICV. V HE many imnositions which arc attempted in relation to Pension

Bounty Land Claims, hae caused tfco Department ol War to establish a reg- j ulalion, which declares that no attention u will, in future, be given to application trom persons whoact as Agents, unless they arc known at the Department, or are vouched for as respectable perionD by some one who is known. Notice ot this regulation is hereby given; and that all may be informed thereof, it is requested that publisher ot the laws of the United States in the lespectivc states will insert the same, on the front page of their respective papers, for three months. By order of the Secretary cf War. J L EDWARDS, First Clerk Pennon Office. WILLIAM GORDON, First Clerk Bounty Land Office. 46 3m. NOTICE.

5 g AVING puichased the right cf llii making and vending within Knox

county, Pinkham Mosher's WashingvU

awuung ana wasnmg clothes, any person wishing to purchase can hae ihcm on tria, and if not appioied, may be returned. I have also on hand and intend keeping, a supply of Cabinet Wate of the best qualitj; will also do Carpenter's and Joiner's work at the most reduced prices JOHN MOORE. May 1st, 1330. 12-If.