Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 21, Number 46, Vincennes, Knox County, 25 December 1830 — Page 1

A wwn Si w i BY ELIHU STOUT.J VINCHNISE3. (!&.) SATURDAY, DBOSrrlBSR 25, 7.830. VOL. XXI. IXTO

Washington City, Dec. 6. I

This thy, at 12 o'clock, the President of! the United States communicated to both houses of Conere.s the following 3NT3SS.ft.GE. Fellow Citizens J the Senate And Houhf cf Representative: The pleasure I hae in congratulating yon on your return to your constitutional du-

ties is much heightened bv the satisfaction i bv a11 imputations into her Colonies in AKirK iim rfn,rit'i., i.,."Kni,...i ; merican vessels are confined to our own

at this period justlv inspires. The baneficent Author of all good has granted to us. during the present year, health, peace and plenty , and numerous causes for joy in the durine the nresent vear. health, neace and 1 r-o.... ... f.. ... i.,. i wonderful success which attends the pro gress of our free institutions. With a population unparalleled in its increase, and possessing a character which combines the hardihood of enterprise, w ith the consideratcness of w isdom, we see in every section of our happy country, a steady improvement in the mens of social intercourse, and correspondent effects upon the genius and laws of our extended re pub lie. The apparent exceptions to the harmony cf the prospect, are to be referred rather to inevitable diversities in the various interests which enter into the composition of so extensive a whole, than to any want of attachment to the Union interests whnse collision serve fnly,in the end, to foster the spirit of conciliation and p itri tism, so essential to the preservation of th it Union. hich I most de outly hope, is destined to pro e imperishable. In the midst of these blessings, we have recently witnessed changes in the condition cf other nations, which nay, in their consequences, call for the utmost vjcil ince, wisdom, and unanimity in our councils, and the exercises of all the moderation and patriotism of our people. The important modifications of their government, effected with so much courage and wisdom by the people of Fiance, afford a happy presage of their future c uirse. and has naturally elicited from the kindred feelings of this nation, that spontaneous and universal burst of applause in which you have particir.ited. In congratulating you, my fellow-citizens, upon an event so auspicious to the dearest interests of mankind, I do no more than respond to the voice of my countrv, without transcending, in the slightest degree, that salutary maxim of the illustrious Washington, which enjoins an abstinence from all interference with the internal affairs of other nations. From a people exercising, in the most unli mited degree, the right of self-government, and enjoying, as derived from this proud characteristic, under the favor of heaven, much of the happiness with which they are blessed: a people who can point in triumph to their free institutions, and challenge omparison with the fruits they bear, as well as with the moderation, intelligence, andenergv, with which thev are administered; from such a people, the deepest sympathy was to be expected in a struggle for the sacred principles of libertv, conducted in a spirit every way worthy of the cause, and crowned by a heroic moderation, which has disarmed revolution of its terrors. Notwithstanding the strong assurances which the man whom we so sin cerely love and justly admire, has given to the vorld of the high character of the present King of !he French, and which, if sustained to the end, will secure to him the proud appellation of Patriot King, it is not in his success, but m that ot tne great pnn ciple which has borne him to the throne the p v imount authority of the public will that the Y merican people rejoice 1 a n happv to inform you that the antici pations which were indulged at the date of mv last communication on uie suojeci oi our f )eien affairs, nave been fully realized in Several important particulars An arrangement has been effected with Great Britain, in relation to the trade be tween the U States and her West India and North American Colonics, which has set tled a question that has for years aff jrded matter tor contention and almost uninter rupted discussion, and has been the subject of no less than six negotiations, n manner which promises results highly favorable to the Dirties The abstract right of Great Britain to! monopolize the trade with her colonies, or exclude us from a participation therein, has never been denied by the United Mates. But we have contended, ami with reason, that if, at any time. Great Britain may desire the productions of this country, as neCess.ry to her Colonies, they must be received upon principles of just reciprocity; and further, that it is making an invidious an I unfriendly distinction, to open her colonial posts to the vessels of other nations, and close them against those of the United St ites. Antecedently to 1794. a portion of our productions was admitted into the colonial islands of Great Britain, by particular concessions, limited to the term of one year, but renewed from vear to year. In the trans portation of these productions however, our ... .11 vessels were not allowed to engage, this De ing a privilege reserved to British shipping, bv which alone our produce could be taken to the islands, and theirs brought to us in re turn. From Newfoundland and her conti nental possessions, all her productions, as well as our vessels, were excluded, with oc casiotial relaxations, b which in seasons of rfixtrrsv the former were admitted in Brit ish bottoms. Bv the treaty of 179-i, she offered to con cede to us, for a limited time, the right of earning to her W est India possessions, in our vessels, not exce dine seventy ton ourden, and upon the same terms with British vessels, any productions of the United States which British vessels might import therefrom. But this privilege was coupled with conditions which are supposed to have - - - - it . led to its rejection by the Senate; that is thu American vessels should land their re turn catvo sin the United States only; and m reoer, that thev should, during the cont m.u ince of the pi iv ilege, be p' eclmh d trom chi rv ing molasses, sug r, c nee, cocoa, or cotton, either from those islam! or trom the Uu ted -tates.to anv other part otthe won, Great Britain readily contented to expunge

this article from the treatv: and subcnucM I

attempts to arramre the terms of the u tde; 1 either by treaty stipulations or conceited legislation, having tailed, it has been successively suspended and allowed, accr.rdmg to the varying legislation of the parties. The following arc the prominent pr ints which have in late years, separated the two Governments. Besides a restriction, vl- reproducts earned hence, a restriction to which it does not appear that we have ever Jec.. a leading oi.jeci on tne part oi s ui u tin lias uttu in prevent us from becoming the carriers of British West India commodities to mv other country than our own. On the part of the United states, it has been contended, 1st. l lmt the subject should be regulated by treaty stipulations, in preference to separate legislation: 2d. That our productions, when imported into the colonies in question, should not be subject to higher duties than the productions of the mother cauntry, or of her other colonial possessions: And, 3d. That our vessels should be allowed to participate in the circuitous trade between the United States and different parts of the British dominions. The first point, after having been, for a long time, strenuously insisted upon by Great Britain, was given up by the act of parliament of July, 1825; all vessels suffered to trade with the colonies being permitti d to clear from thence with any articles which British vessels might export, and to proceed to any part ot the world. Great Britain and her dependencies alone except ed- On our part, each of the above points had, in succession, been explicitly abandone in negotiations, preceding that of which the result is now announced This arrangement secures to the United States every advantage asked bv them, and waich the state of the negotiation allowed to us to insist upon. The trade will be plared upon a footing decidedly more favorable to this country than anv on which it ever stood; and our commerce and navigation will enjov, in the colonial ports of Great Britain, every privilege allowed to other natioris 1 hr.t the prosperity of the country, so far as it depends on this trade, will be creatlv promoted by the new arrangement, there can be no doubt. Independently of the more obvious advantages of an open and direct intercourse, its establishment will be attended with other consequences of a higher value. That which has been carried on since the mutual interdict under all the expense and inconvenience unavoidably inci dent to it, would have been insupportablv onerous, had it not been in a great decree. lightened by concerted evasions in the mode of making the transhipment at what are called the neutral ports. These indirections are inconsistent with the dignity of nations that have so many motives, not only to cherish feelings of mutual friendship, but to maintain such relations as will stimulate their respective citizens and subjects to efforts of direet, open, and honorable competition only, and preserve them from the inliuence of seductive and vitiating circumI Stances. 1 When your preliminary interposition was I asked at the close of the last session, a coin of the instructions under which Mr. iMcLane has acted, together with the communications which had at that time passed between him and the British Government, was laid before you. Although there has not been anv thing in the acts of the two Governments which requires secrecy, it was thought most proper in the then state of the negotiation, to make that com munication a confidential one. So saon. however, as the evidence of execution on the part of Great Britain is received, the whole matter shall be laid before you, when it will be seen that the apprehension which appears to have suggested one ef the provisions of the act passed at your last session, that the restoration of the trade in question niieht be connected with other subjects, and was sought to be to obtained at the sacrifice of the public l .terest m other particulars, was wholly unfounded; and that the change which has taken place in the views of the British Government has been induced b considerations as honorable to tioth parties as, I trust, the result will prove beneficial This desirable result was, it will be seen, greatly promoted by the liberal and con fid ingprovisious of the act ot Congress of the

last session, ry which our ports were, upon previously ascertained views ot tlie claimthe reception and annunciation by the Presi ;ts themselves; thus removing all pretense

dent of the required assurance on the part ot Great Britain, forthwith opened to her

v essels, before the arrangement could be The negotiations in regard to such points carried into effect on her part; pursuing in jnour foreign relations as remain to be adthis act cf prospective legislation, a similar justed, have been actively prosecuted discourse to that adopted by Great Britain, in ing the recess. Material advances have abolish inc hv her :n-t of P;i rli i iiifnt in IS'i I I ...i.:u f i

., T - ... ......v, ... -, a restriction then existing, and permitting our vessels to clear from the colonies, on their return voyages, for any foreign conn-

try whatever, before British vessels bad she ever beco nes so. Sincerely desirous to been relieved from the restriction imposed cultivate the m .st liberal and friendly t elai . i ... r : i: .1.. r ... . .. - . .

oy our iaw, oi returning uirectiy irom tne uniteii states to tne colonics a restriction which she required and expected that we should abolish. Upon each occasion, a hm itcd and temporary ad antage has been giv en to the opposite party, but an advantage of no importance in comparUon with the restoration of mutual coniutence ami good feelings, and the ultimate establishment of the trade upon fair principles Itcives me unfeigned pleasure to assure you, that this negotiation has been, throughout, characterised by the most frank, ana fnendly spirit on the part of Great Britain, and concluded in a manner strongly indicative of a sincere desiie to cultiv ate the best relations with the United States. To reciprocate this disposition to the fullest extent of my ability, is a duty which 1 ;hall deem it a privilege to discharge. Although the result is, itself.the best com meniary on tne services remtereu to ins countrv by our Minister at the Court of St. James, it would be doing v i- K nee to mv feelings were I to dismiss the sunject vvithout expressing the very high sense i entertain of the talent p.nd cxn tious which have been displ iv t d bv hi in n the occasiun. The n jut y to the. commerce cf the Uni-

ted States resulting from the exclusion cf

our vessels from the Black Sea, and the pre- j v ions footing of mere suflercncc upon which

even the innueu nauc .nji)i-u uy us wun uimcu tumu not assent, he yet had Turkey has hitherto been placed, have, for, strong hopes of heir g able to arrive at asaa long time, been a source of much solici- j tisfactory settlement with the late Governtude to this government, and several endea- ment The negotiation has been renewed vors have been made to obtain a better state i w ith the present authorities; and sensible of things. Sensible of the importance of j of the general and lively confidence of our the object, I felt it mv duty to leav e no pro-1 citizens in the justice and magnanimity cf

per means unemployed to acquire for our j fl.ig the ame privileges that are enjoyed by the principal powers ot Luropc Commissioners were, consequently appointed, to open a negotiation with the Sublime Porte Not long after the member of the commission who went directly from the United Mates had sailed, the account of the treaty of Adtianople, by which one of the objepts in v iew was supposed to be secured, reached this country. The Black Sea was understood to be opened to us. Under the supposition that this was the case, the additional facilities to be derived from the establishment of commercial regulations with the Porte were deemed of sufficient importance to require a prosecution of the ego tiation as originally contemplated. It was therefore persevered in, and resulting in a treaty, which forthwith be laid before will the Senate. By its provisions, a free passage is secured without limitation of time, to the vessels of the United States, to and from the Black Sea, including the navigation thereof; and our trade with Turkey is placed on the foot ing of the most fav ored nations. The latter s .m arrangement wholly independent of the treaty of Adrianop'.e; and the former derives much value, not only trom the m creased security, which, under any circum stances, it would give to the right in ques tion, but from the fact, ascertained 1.1 the course ot the negotiation, that, by the con struction put upon that treaty by I urkey, the article relating to the passage of the lphorus is confined to nations hav ing trea ties with the rorte. 1 he most friendh feel "gs appear to be entertained b the Sultan, an enlightened disposition is ev inced by him tn foster the intercourse between the two countries by the most liberal arrangements. 1 nls disposition it will be our duty and mtet est to cherish ur relations with Russia are of the most stable character. Respect for that empire ;iMt confidence m its friendship towards the United States, have been so long entertained nn our part, and so carefully cherished bv the present hmperor and his illustrious pre decessor, as to have become incorporated Wlth the public sentiment of the United States. No means will be left unemployed on m.v Part to promote these salutary feel "igs, and those improvements of which the camm' reial intercourse between the two countries is susceptible, and which have de rived increased importance from our treaty xv,tn the Sublime rorte. I sincerely regret to inform vou that our Minister lately commissioned to that court, on whose distinguished talents and great ex pcrience in public atf lirs I place great rch -mce, has been compelled by extreme indis position to exercise a privilege, which, in ;.i ri. ....... ... i , 1 unsiuei anon oi inc CAieni to vvnicil Ills constitution had been impaired in the pub he service, was committed to his discretion. f leaving temporal dy his post tor the ad vantage ot a more genial climate. If as 't is to be hoped, the improvement of his health will be such as to justify him M doing so. he will repair to St. Petersburg!! ;ird resume the discharge of his official du ties. I have received the most satisfactory I assurance that in the mean time, the public interests in that quarter will be preserv ed from prejudice, by the intercourse which he wl continue, through the Secretary of Le gtion. with the Russian cabinet. Yoa are apprised, although the fact has not v et been ollic.ially anounced to the House f Representatives, that a treaty was, in the month of March last, concluded between the United .Mates and Denmark, bv which S650.00Q are secured to our citizens as an indemnity for spoliations upon their mmmerce in the years 1808, lb09, 1310, 1811 This treaty was sanctioned by the Senate at the close of its last sesrion, and it now becomes the duty of Congress to pass the necessary laws for. the organization of the Board of Commissioners to distribute the indemnity amongst the claimants It is an agreeable circumstance in this adjustment. that its terms are in conformity with the for a future agitation of the subject in any iorm. uceii mauc, w men ai i; ui a v-uaracier to pi'Onnse favorable results. Our country by the blessings of God, is not in a situation to invjte agression: and it will be our fault if tlons wit U all; ever ready to tulhl our enfr .m. nN with sr.runu nus hdelitv limiting nD , , & our lemands upon others to mere justice; holdingourselv esev er ready to do unto them as we would wish to be done by; and av oiding even the least appearance of undue partiality to any nation, it appears to me impossible that a simple and sincere applica tion of our principles to our foreigh relations can fail to place them ultimately upon the footiinr on which it is our wish thev should rest of tne p0ints referred to. the most promjnent are our ciajnn upon France for spoliations upon our commerce; similar claims upon Spain, together with embarrassments m tae commercial intercourse between the two countries, which oucht to be removed: tjie conclusion of the treaty of commerce and navigation with Mexico, which has been so long in suspense, as well as 'he final set tlement of limits between ourselves and that republic; and, tin dlv, the arbitrament of the question between the United States and Great Brita n in regard to the North -easfrn houudat y. The negotiation with France has been conducted bv our Minister with zeal and ability, and in all rwspvctv :o my entire sat-

isfacticn. Although the nmn. rt n( a fi.

vorable termination were occasionally dimnied by counter pretensions, to which the regenerated France, I regret the mere r.ot to have it in mv power, vet, to announce the result so confidently anticipated. No ground howev er, inconsistent with this expectation. has been taken; and I do not allow myself ' to doubt that justice will soon be done to us. The amount of the claims, the length of time they have remained ansatisficd, and their incontrovertible justice, make an earnest prosecution of them by this Government an urgent duty. The illegality of the seizures and confiscations out f w hich tlu v have arisen is not disputed; and whatever distinctions may have heretofore been set up

with regard to the liability ot the existing 1 he practice ot ditrating out of the Government, it is quite clear that such con- Treasury of the United Slates thcexsiderations cannot now be interposed. pcnscs incurred bv the estab.ishrr.a r.t

i ne commercial intercourse between the two countries is susceptible of highly adv antage. us improvements; but the sense of this injury has had, and must continue to have, a very untavorable influence upon them. From us satisfactu; v uiiustment. not only a firm and cordial friendship, but a progres-

s.vC ueveiopement ot an tiieir relations, continued without interruption or dismay be expected. It is. therefore, my ear pulc F nest hopes that this old and vexatious sub

jectof difference may be speedily removed 1 leel that my confidence in our ap peal to the motives which should govern a just and magnanimous nation, is aiikc war ranted by the character ol the French people, and by the hprii voucher we pos sess lor the enlarged views and he pure integrity cf the monarch who now pre sides over her councils: and nothing

, Ol' . - 114shall be wanting on my part to meet any pediments in the navigabie rivers and

manifestations ot the spirt! vre antiupat rn one of corresponding fiankncss anu liberality I he subjects of d fTerence with Spain have been btought to the view ot that J government by our minister there, with much force and propriety; and the stron gest assuiances have been received ot their eai ly and favorable consideration 1 he steps which remained to place the rt atter in controversy beiwc n Grea Britain and the United States lairly be

foie the arbina' r, have all been taken disbursement of public money too frein the same liberal and friendly spi h qutntly, it is to be feared, invite appro-

wnicn characterized those before an nounced. R cent events hove doubtless I served to delay he decision, but our mi I mster at the court of the distinguished abitutoi na uctn asuied thai n wi! I be made within the time contemplated by the trea'y I 1 am particularly gratified in being able to state that a decidedly lavorable. and as 1 hope, lasting change, has been effee ted in our relations with the neighboring r epublic of Mexico. The untonunan and unfounded suspicions in regard to our disposition, which it became mv paintui duty to advert to on a former oc casion, have been I believe, entirely re

moved; and the Government of Mexic ' espects, our duty to avoid ill urmeresahas been made to understand the rea v expense, as well asevcrv increait f

char acter of the wishes and views of this in regard to that country The conse quence is, the establishment o friend ship and mutual confi iencc Such art the assurances which I have received. and I see no cause to doubt tiieir smcei i I had reason to expect the conclusio of a commercial treaty with Mexico i t season for communication on the preset occasion Circumstante- w'dch are in explained, but which, I am persuade are not the result of an indisposition ot her part to enter into it, have produce: the delay There vas reason to fear, in the conrt of the last summer, that th harm-ay our relations might be disturbed bv 'he acts ol certain claimants, tn der Mevi can grants "f territory which has hither' ..t i i. u Den unoer our lunsoiciion. i ' e c operation of the representa'ive cTMexi co m ar rnis eov ernment was aked on the occasion, and was readily utTode.i Instructionsandadv.ee have been giver to the Governor of Arkansas and tt officers in command in the adjoining Mexican State, by which, it is hoped the quiet of that frontier will be preserv ed, until a final settlement of the divid ing line shall have removed all groutnof controversy The exchange of ratifications of tht treaty concluded last year with Austria has not yet taken place. The deia h been occasioned by the non arrival f the ratification of that Government wi'b in the time prescribed by the treaty Renewed authority has been asked lot by the representative ol Austria; and. in the mean time, the rapidly increasing trade and navigation between the iv countiies have been placed upon the most liberal footing of our navigation acts. Several alledgcd depredations h3ve been recently committed on our com merce by the national vessels of Poitu cal- They have been made the subject of immediate remonstrance and reclam I amn.w nn,Pe,l of ..,tT, . , - . . . cirni iniui uniivMi umaiiiisi u uciinmvc r t i t opinion ot :nir mariner, tint expect stion to receive it. !o proper means shsM be omi' ted to obuin for our citiztns all the redress to whi-.h tlty may ap pear to l-c entitled.

Almost at the moment of the adj- urnmcnt ot your lust session, two bi.is. the one entitled Ai. act for making appropriation for bunding light houses, ughtboats, beacons, and monuments, placing buoys, and lor improving harbors ami directing surveys," and the other, "An act to authorize a subscription for stock in the Louisviile and Portland Ciiial Company," were submitted for my approval It was not possible, within tho time allowed me. bcfoie the close of the

session to give these bills and cor.sideration which w as due to their character and importance; and I was compelled to letain them for ihe purpose I novr avail myself ot this early opportunity to leturnthemtothe Houses in which the y respectively originated, with the itiis- t.s i!.irh. nffr m-itn.n ,1.1.1 .1... u-v ut wucraiiori, Com I'd me to withhold my appioval ..ni! -llrinnr. ,,r i;k. k, l , SUpfrt f. houses beacor,,, buS' and Publ,c l,,e s' "l,h,n ebaysf in'ets harbors, and ports of tht United states, to render the navigation thereof safe and easy, is coeval with the a don. tion of the Constitution, and has bten As our foreign commerce increased, and was extended into the inteuoi ot the country by the establishment ol ports of entry and delivery upon our navigable uvers, the sphere ot those expenoiiuict eceivcd a corresponding enlai een nt. Lighthouses, btacms, buoys, public piers, and the removal o sand bar s, saw. vers and other nartiai m irinnnion tm. haibors which were en.bi aced in the te venue districts from time to time es.ablished by law, were authorized upon he same principle, and the expense defrayed in the same manner. '1 hat these expenses have at times been extravagant and disproportionate, is very piobabie Ihe circumstances under which thev are incurred are well calculated to lead to such a result, unless their application is subjected to the closest scfu-inv - 1 he local advantages arising ftom the pnauons tor objects of this chatacter "at ate neither necessarv nor useful t he number of light house keeper is already very large, and the bill before me proposes to add to ii fify one more, of various descriptions. Fi ions upon the subject whieh are understood to be entitled to respeci, 1 am induced to believe that theie has not onlv Ibtcn g'tat improvidence in the paste xpenditures ol the government upon theso bjects, but that the security of navigai ion has, in some instances, been dominished by the multiplication ot light houscs, and consequent change of liihl udn the coa9t. It is in this, as in o'her patronage not called for by the pubiic .ervice nut. in the discharge ot that lu'y in this particular it must not be for gotten that in relation to our ocign rommerce,thc buidenand ben fit ol proecunganci accommodating it, necessarily go together, and must do so as long is the public revenue is drawn fiom the oei pie through the custom-house It is 'disputable that whatever gives facili y -nd security to navigation, cheapen imoorrs; and all who consume them are aike interested in whatever produces 'hia ffect. It they consume, they ought, as hey now do,o pay; otherwise, ihey do not p3y The consumer in the most inand State, derives the same adan.,ge from every neiessaiy Se prudent cxptn:i'urc for rhe facility ot our fart ign commerce and navigation that he does who esides in a maritime State Loral e xpenditures have not of then. selves, a on espondem operation. Frm a hid making dirert appropriation for Mirh ohjcr tsj shoul.fnof bnv w thhrl.j n ai-f-nt. Tfip onp now rttirne.t d. s in ev ral Hrtionlnrs, hut it al' rnti in ;q., r.. ri it mm or survey of h1o;iI dinrxlir. whirr, I e.iriMt ai rove It give n, rif rtin to fi'.d h t n- S'Tiona inroi ve'tierx e h i ri'i'Ctj frora withholding my ai roi. of thii I ill; n-r it I T'l-t, n- rauw if r- l''-' h mi i;orf iini v will he th reby .it! r. d f r 0"r'-s to r. vm-w it" pmvt'iorH (inter rircufis,'in f t Htf-r . .'. nl ited f..r full invr f Ration, than tbuse undrr w Inch it was aMel. In s e ikii.t: "f dire- t appropriation, I mesrj not. U include h prartir' wt ich has obtained to -ojr.e extent, an.l o whi h I ,He. m one int:'t,ff, u, r JitTen-nt ra;arity, eiven my ai--n tha' of 'jbMribin5 to stock of pnvata .ciation. I'o-itive ri4-ru n e. and a moro horoiish rrnsilrrationof the ur ject have conv meed me of rhe in. pmprety well inrx j. ncnr v ni such inv st-n ntJ . All irriroen.ent e'Jfi ted by the fundi of the nati -n fur the general u houl. I ,v 0pPn ( rhe eiy yiiicntof fdl our U How-citizen, ex nipt i m tt e l ayrr.ent of toll, or any imposition of that haiaetir. The practice of thn uin hnc the 'onrt r ns of the rovernaient with rb. of rhe -trttesorof individuals i incooiteut with tho ot j-ct of its institution, anJ highly mif-iitie. I The succeful oiratiun of the Inderal ty tum Un onlv be preserved by confining it to the and sin. .dr. nd vet iffljurtaM v! jrct. fur rtl it h it was dejuneu. A different practice, if allowed to progresf, wou'.l ul:iR"teIv change the character "i th si.vi rinM' nt, by ctnhdatirif into one the gnral ;nJ tate ovrrnineit, which w re Kite n t- . ,1 i. In-l'i'l r vi ic t ! eautio! er-it-ive horf tills autttriziu tucii subctintoa