Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 21, Number 38, Vincennes, Knox County, 30 October 1830 — Page 4

FROM THE PHILADELPHIA ALBUM.. THE SEE SAW. I saw a plank well balanced on a fence By two blith unchins. Then they climed the rails, And, on the plank, each side, cne took his seal; Then, tow'rds the ends each younker cautious moved. At length upon the extremities they sat: And upwards one arose, and smiled to see Himself so lofty, and his mate so low; Yet, while he smiled, himself began to fall, And up aro.-e his mate, but then he laughed To find himself so low his friend so high. So srill he laughed, and his cmopanion laughed; Whether up or down, both shock their heads for joy. But ah' whenever pleasure lights his lamp, Old disappointment strives to blow it out; fcee this confirtu'd. One, coming to the ground, Caught at a switch to wave around his head. Oh, foolish boy! his b dance thus he lust, And tumbled from his seat. W hen this was done ills friend was soaring at a perilous height, So down a main he lushed with arms a kimbo. I thought lo see the b:. round tear roll down His chubby cheeks, and hear a child's reproach. INot so: that urchin was as scarce of tears, As a crocodile of feeling, and he laughed, Yes, still he laughed! and louder than before, And his companion laughed with all his might; Fo that if any sides were hurt as all, ' A'was rather by the laughter than the fall. The world's a see-saw I beheld two friends Who in-Minted it together. One uprose, end v because his hapless friend went lown. Nature Ins often proved to demonstration That lofty stations tend to make one dizzv. And so it proved with him who soared aloft, He get :o turn'd, he could not see his friend, And was too wise to call bin), for he knew That sound ascends the easiest. Sa roc c nAnd I confirm it, all things here are mutable; Do-vi sunk the high! and, as he sunk, uprose, Curh".g his lip, contemptuous, him he scoruod. Trade i a see-saw I beheld a trader Stri'T-g 'o gain a bargain; but, alas! He 1"-, ins centre, and was overthrown. And i ien his partner, who was looking round With gaping mouth, tumbled, and bit his tohgiic But oh! ho could compare not with my boys, For he began to swear and talk abusive, ' And call his partner fool! Oh shame! oh shame! That manhood in its pride, and even gray ' hairs Must bow bcfre the curly headed youngster And watch his pastime for their rules of action. Phil. &-t. 28, 1826. Alonzo. CANALS AND It AIL ROADS The Veto iiov -ung uli both indi viduais. and lutious be, in acquiring knowledge in the cheapest, most ceitain, and most useful manner, by the expeii ence of ethers. No country was ever in a situation to benefit more by what has been done bchuc them, than ours, removed as is, so tar from the contagion of local circumstances, free to choose the bes and most appropriate arts, in ventioi.,, and p; vtices moral and physi :al, which the J.i!ized world has prov ed (iu tome instances by their dear bought experience) to be the fittest, and best suited to produce the benefit rcquir ed, -i.i a comparatively new state ot so cietj, where the prejudices and bun den of antiquity have not had time to tke root. "What is the reason that scarcely a turn pike road in the Union pa,s an interest on the money it cost, and that many of them do not even pay lor the necessary repaust it is evidently because the thin population ol the country, does not afJord a sufficient circulation of cither people or property, to pay the expense of making roads paved with stones. If so prudence, economy, and good policy! -.vou'.d council, to bestow the labor on fiotne thing more productive. Will the tnuhiplicity uf roads, canals, or railroads, increase the surplus produce to be trans.potted 0:1 them, or provide sufficient ma-kcts tor when so carried? Th.U8t be in 'he negative. For the" lahor nut rn 11 h. taken from th "eans conveying is r ;-3 ot producing, therefore rriin c . 1 '"b therefore retards it m,i A . 3 u' and theie is cessarv re ation hPt.. .. nd no ne- ' : . :;,nun "e "dc ot kU"m 'r market which con Uli,ts " rwe began to spe late on the utility of canal, anel railwa ? n t r 1 1 - ays, i was natural, ami national, t whit the few roads vvc had made, pro duced, toward paying for the exnenn.'. o inquire paying tor the expense nf constructing I his prod-icimr no r, rr H , ' ,K " k'tat . . ' " fT-ttll, I .... . . I . 111 ! I'M Ilk.....! - ind it abroad. u 1 j, ,i.- iiiit-111 1.11a. in- 11 The two nations in Kuropc, nearest to our own in their thin population in pro pot won to then extent ol territory, arc Kussia anci spain. Russia ban one canal ot about a mile between the W.ih-a and tac 'Nca' lo JQi tbc Caspian Sea with 11

the Baltic, facilitating a navigation of

nearly 2,000 miles. Spain has no canals, and scarcely any navigation on the rivers,! equal to what the population had in the tune ot the Komar.s. Our speculators might imagine that the vast extent ot our continent would make up for fhc want of population; and that we might expect to leap the benefit that liritain and perhaps Trance have obtained from canais; and some hundred years hence they might perhaps be right in their conjectures. But even then they must follow exactly the British mode of nial: ing canals, by allowing individual enterprise and industry to make them, when the quantity of produce which shall be produce which shall be ready to be transported on them, will pay i all the expense and a reasonable profit . i - nn K r.., for the outlay of money. I hat is, hi st to ascertain the existence of the materi als,the carriage of which s h a U pay the interest of money laid out and repairs of the canals, and likewise the certainty or gi eat probability of a market. These are the requisites to render either roads or canals profitable to the undertakers, without which they cannot extend far or be a public good. In a country where there is so much uncultivated land, and labor scarce, to employ it on any unprofitable works must be considered as a public loss. "Internal improvement" is a popular phrase, which seems to mean exclusiv e ly the making of rail roads and canals. It may be doubted, whether the expending of 10 or 12 millions of dollars in digging a canal, where the nature, value or quantity ol produce to be transported on it, will not pay for the necessary repairs and for the inteiest of the money it cost, may be considered an internal improvement or the conttary even if the money was the people's treasury. But where the poverty of public funds forces us to have recourse to aloan, to mot tage posterity for an expenditure not immediately icquired by the situation anil circumstances of the present population, nor even by their successors perhaps for ages, would appear to be pt ema ture Had the Erie canal, coas-ing along the shores of lake Ontario, been allowed by the New Yoik legislators to be made by the abundance of capital and enterpiise of individuals, it 19 more than probable it would have been delrrred for ages, before it would have been considered the most necessary amongst the grea number of improvements-wanted. The same remark may apply to Pennsylvania, and of all the other states who have mortgaged posterity to dig canals or make railways, before the population ol the country was sufficient to pay for them. In every situation where coal or any other bulky material, gave a probability of paying for the expense of a canal, it has been made by individual indus try and enterptisc, as at Richmond, the Schuylkill, Lehigh, fcc &c and would have been made under like circumstan ccs eveiy where, at the proper time, without the interference of government As the French met chant said to Colberc, when asked what he could do for them, answered, "let us aicre " Account of the to'ls and expenses of the Etie canal, taken from the Banner of the Constitution, Washington. Expenses in 1 C 2 f , Toils, do. SI, 121,280 96 7 15,245 HO Loss, 106,142: r 993,126 50 S4C.0.I1 73 Expenses in 1S2T, Tolls, do. Loss, SM6.ni iJl In 1828 ballancc against thetauals, 92.269 8! In 1329 do. .do i 10,623 5 1 Debts contracted for making canals by the state of New York. 8 10,272,3 '6 76 Adding the i years deficit caal debts &c in 1830, was 12 237,399 70; showing a cost of canals over the produce of near ly two mihions. The inteiest on the debt contracted for digging the canals will always be the same, but the expenses of ket ping them in repair will increase, as in the 4th, 5th and Gth ycats all the wooden portion will decay, of which part of the embankments, bridges, aqueducts, Uc. arc made. This canal has likewise a rival in the river St Law rence, the natural outlet ot the Lakes, which may force them to lower their toll. Lakes Michigan, Huron, and lake Superior, will find a more convenient, and economical c utlet by the river Illinois, and lake Etie by the Ohio canal, or by the one proposed by the river Wabash. Those short canals which unite extensive navigation, ought to be the first constructed by a scattered population, enjoying the benefit of such immense navigable livers, the beds and channels of which, ought to be cleared of all bars and obstructions, as the must natural, and cheapest mode of commuj nication, in a country situated, and pen pled asoursis. who ought to make the most of their natural advantages before they think of imitating Britain or any ether countty, that, fin red by circumstances, depends on artificial icsources. It is more than probable th it the p o j ductions, all over our continent, will dis- ! supply the consumption in cvety ! nir-t ,.n ,,r0..... .,,,,1 i.,.t.r.., nr ! ,11 , . r , " . -7 , ; allowed to find their level; that is, w hen ; our rulers erase to bribe, bv nrrmmms. . . i. ' " J f.f. i) U II I . ,.' VIII. IIUIIIUIW. turets to make what can be bough; draper elsewhere. It mu-t then be the ot eign market, on which we must de pend ior th- consumption rf our sur plus produce. Already the diffusion of knowledge has depth ed us el Spain and ; Portugal as customers fur our b: cad

stuffs, and a little extension of the same

useful information to South America will annihilate civil war and bloodshed, and will equally deprive us of that market for our fi ur It is probable that the increase and diffusion of useful know). edge through nations, will decrease the necessity ot foreign trade, and the equal-

ization of knowledge through the same i nothing of the double death of Destination, will equally diminish the neces-j mona and Othello; together with the sity lor home trade, by teaching every j revolution t in Cyprus, effected by ao nation and every distiict to supply its ! Egyptian pocket handkerchief, such as

own wants in a degree. So that even if our canals, and rail ways would pay now, in consequence of the great inequality

of the means of production, theymayiscier.ee Dress the line says the aoju-

cease to pav, when both property and knowledge are nearer a par with both t 'j i. indn iduals and nations. j We have had an int3ncc of the effects ' of the diffusion of knowledge, in our j supplying ourselves with cotton manu j factories, and will very soon have a furth- j er elucidation, bv haincr woolen and i iron fabricks erased from the list of our imports. And it is even probable that! before long we shall be independent cfi all countries for our consumption of wine, oil, dtyed fruits, and silk. As from our extended latitude we can have the products of all climates, it only depends on our own knowledge and industry to supply ourselves with every species of natural production to be found in any part of the earth. Then our foreign tiadc will be small, and there will be but iittle necessity for fleets to protect it; materially diminishing the cares and expense of governmnnt. Pi csident Jackson by rejecting the act authorising the subscription of the Maysville road, gave a very fortunate check to legislative rr.travagance in voting away the people's money for what hasj been called internal improvements, begun by sanguine speculators, in hopes that p-overnment would put the burthen onthe people's shoulders by furnishing ! the money to complete the v.ork, many j years before the population ol the coun j try could support it, ano giving to the state of Kentucky an advantage which could not with jus'.ice be icfused to all the others. Thus opening a door to a vast expenditure out of the federal trea sury, at the option of each individual state who might find it their interest to make internal improvements at the expense of the Union. 15 y tiic judicious exercise of his negative, the President has benefited his country, and will deserve the thanks of the present, as well as of future generations. M ADDITION A fvD SUSITIl ACTIONA certain poor man, wit ha wife and three children, rented a small piece of land and house of a rich farmer. I lav ing no cow and being unable to purchase one, he mentioned his necessity to his lanloid, who offered to let him have a cow, on condition that he would labour for him at a dollar per day, and apfro piiate one half his wages to th; pay ment ol the cow, "&30.J 'till the whole was paid. Claiming some time to ccn sidcr of the proposition, his landlord nvpi luatil him nn rlav vvhi'r. t hi-ftthim" grain in the barn, making the following! calculation to himselt : "One and one are two: that wont answer. One from two leaves three ; that wont do. Two Irotn two leaves four;- worse yet Three fmm two leaves five; worst of all I can't comply with the proposals of my landlord. I cannot support my family on such conditions." At this moment the tarmer discovered himself; c addressing his tenant, said ' What kind of Arithmetic is this you arc luing?" I he poor man answered : " It is correct, and I will make it appear to vour satisfaction 1" ' If you ran," said the laimei, 44 1 will give you the cow r.nd pay you the stipulated wages into the bargain " 44 Done," said the poor man. 44 When I was man icd. it was one added to one, which makes two when our first child as born, it was one from t-tVOf which makes three when the se cond child was born, it was two from two, which leaves four and when the third was born, it was three from f t: 0, making f.vc or jive in family, Father, Mother and three children. The farmer was satisfied, and gave him the cow. DUKSS. Tailors and mantu makcrs are the indispensables of life. Dress bt ing of the earliest necessity and of universal demand, the principles of science must have been imbued in the mind by nature, and have embraced the whole understanding. Whether to conceal cr to dis play ; whether to intimidate cr to allure, dress is the universal expedient. Modes of thought, modes of feeling,

modes of character, modes of rank, and jrpiFE annual PJiLL .TRACES! modes of power, are only modes ol; 3 will commence tr the Vn.cen-1

dtcss. It reveals, by occular syllogisms, wnatcver you wish to know or to com mtinicalc to one another. It marks, with unfailing accutacy, your standing in society, and your paiticuh'.r pursuits. Dress a man in drab, for instance, he is a quaker ; dress him in black, and he is a clergyman and he is a ; give him a short jacket j saiior; ouill boots over bis! knees, and he is a soldier; give him a wig and he is a judge ; a garter and hej is a nobleman ; put on two epaulets, and he is a e;tneial ; dress his head in a tur ban, and he is a Tutk ; give him a black gown, and he is a banister ; a purple S: he is a kit If he swear with his hat Ilchtcw: if he swear with on, he is a ' his hi ciV, he is a Chi istian ; iflisg:

ments abound he h a-Muss'drr.an; if

they be deficient he is a Highlander.

racrco niMorv u.k i. n'uai,tc,.- nTtrr ; i,.,v r,;.-, .t..

of the wedding garment. Heicules was, destroyed by a poisonous piece of linen; and Anthony, the artful orator, when influencing the Romans to vcrgear.ee, nointed to the clothes of Caesar. To sav is now called a zephyr. The technicals of dress arc ergraftcd on every pursuit, and embraced in every 'tan!; dre&s the sailad, says the c picuic ; dress his jacket, cries the overseer. A lawyer is nothing without a t:at; a, courtier is nothing without cddrcs3 ; and J any roan will be wronged if he car not get redress Will they r ot suit, Mi-s ? asks the dapper shop boy, as he h:n..s a , nrettv cil a pair ot clove: and the i i-.. : . t ' . I punter of a nawspaper calls upon hisj customers to patronize its new dress. t So we have the Juibit of speaking, the ;

habit of wiiting,c ; the term of dress!and make known that public sales will

being of universal nee. and application. ; be held at the Land Offices cf CrawCharlestcn Courier. fordsville and Fort Wayne, in the state ... of Indiana, at the periods hereinafter Editorial Miseries There are few per- designated, to wit; sons, except the initiated, who can form j At the Land Office at Crawfordsviilc, any conception of the numerous miseries ; on the first Monday in October next, for and vexations to which the Editorial ; the disposal of the public lands v.ithin fiatemiiy arc subjected We give the ! the limits of the undermentioned town following as a sample of the difficulties ships and fractional townships, viz: which we expeiience in callecting our j Townships twenty-eight, thirty-seven small accounts for subsciiptions. It is ' and thirty-tight, of range cne, cast ci ati extract of a letter tiom one of tur ihe second principal meridian; Agents, received by last n ail. and we can j Fraction cf township twenty-seven, produce many nn-re ol simiiai in port ' at. d townships thirty-seven and thirty,;In the list ot accounts sent me, hei c tight, of range cne, west of tho secend

are many that thtic is no chance n earth to collect such as the tollowiri;: ,who Ik.s b:cn gene from the country ten! year?, r.nd I think he is dcrul : j .runaway, gene to Texas; -.gone -jir.sol-1 God only knows where; vent, and ai ways wsaud always will be so ; b.; ,u. solvent, ts poor cs he can . rather good for nothing, and several others extremely doubtful." .drkar.odz Gaz. The fouowinr celebration ol the working men in Phil adclphia, on the 5th, bv Daniel Filter. . . . .. . v. If t a Hiciiaud M Johnson -the brave

Kcrmukian; in battle, 4haif hm se and j five, twenty-six, twenty-scv en and lv.cnhalf alligator, with a leeirl louch of the I ty eight, above designated, excludes the vnafifien torile" in senate, defending j lands rcscr ed to the state ol Indiana, for the tights of conscience, he is "the whole Canal purposes, under the provisions of team" in advocating state lights, 4,a j the act ol congress, approved on the 2d steam boat" and in suppott ot J f.er ! day cf Match, 1827.

somsn cjciTociac.y, alwajs "goes the! whole hcg. The l,silk stockins," and ''diriv si :-ts."viwith each other in at tachment to the rubie 'bpckwoodsrnan " 7hidc & Sold, bij II P. PRICE. ( VjtCCESHES, IliDlJKA,) F N the house lately occupied by J$ Jamks McAr.Tiiun, as an Iron store, cn Srcin rrcti, anz uoorRoovt Market street Tr.e or:ces of hats in gci-etal, arc for Heaver , - Q Fine Caster, 8 Coarse do 6 Fine lloravys gs Coarse do Hats made in the shops here, arc in general, much superior to those im - ported from the Lantern states, for the latter are made ot the coarsest wool, and naped with rabit fur the farmers would find it to their interest, at least 25 per cent to purchase from the manufactuieis I pledge myself that my Hats shail be made in the best manner, ot sufitrior stuff, and in the most Fashionable style. RICHARD P. PRICE. February, 18C0 2-tf &ZFPORKy CORX If O.ITi; ill be re ceivedin exchange for JIata. R. V 1 ,' SftHTn & TRACY'S . Tin & SI tact Ivan MAN CFACTOllY. N the corner of Market and Se cond streets, have on hand for sale, a large and general assortment of Tin and Sheet Iron ware, which they offer at reduced prkes. Tinware will be sold whole sale and retail upon advan tageous terms to purchasers. Vinccnncs, October 24, 1 329. C . r Attention Snortsmcn ! ries course," on Thursday, F.iday, at; J Saturday, being the 4th, 5th, 6t!i davs

CO

of November next ensuing. First da by the President's proclamation, dated purse S5t) three mile s arid repeat, $15 ; 5th June, 1350, are not included in the entrance. Second (lav , tw o milts ar.d rc ; above proclamation, but that other lands peat, for a pureof 6 ), entrance 3. ; are substituted in lieu thereof. This reThird day, one mile and repeat, a sw ten- suits from the circumstance that thcra

stake for colts three years old, entrance , Svi. Each day free for any horse, mire! j or gelding on the continent, except the winning horse on the preceding days, pFhc above races will in all' rt respects, be governed by such rules and re- j gulations as may be adopted by the club, i By (it dcr ot the dob, MATI1IAS. ROSi;, TreaSr. Wh. L. Wi rilFllS, Upct'y. Vincent. e3, .Sept. 18, 1 U3u. '

General Land Office.

23d August, P.Z0. 4 . r , ,nd . . the President's proclamation cf the lsth of June hst, to take place at the Lai d Office at Ciawfordsvil'e, in the State of Indiana, on the first Monday in October nest, is hereby postponed until the f;t: Monday in November next; and the sale directed by the same prr clamation to take place at the Land Office at Tor: Wayne, in the same State, on the third Mondy in October next, is hereby postponed until the third Monday in Novem ber nest. direction of tie Scrrrhrv nf iiTreasury JOHN M. MOORE, 4 r t Con:, of the (Jen. Land Office. Ihj the President of the United States. IT N pursuance of law, A Jackson, President 1 I, Andrevt of the United States ot America, do hereby declare1" ' princ ipal mcudian; i Fraction of township twenty-six an'! tow 1. snips twenty-seven, thirty-seven nd thirty eiht tf range two, vttst c; the second principal mciidiar.; i' taction of township twet ty-fivc, ar. I ; townships twenty-six, twenty-seven, thirty seven and thirty-tight, ot range three west of the second principal me. idian; Fi actional township thirty eight cf range four, west of the second principal meridian; Fractional township thirty-eight, of range five west of the second principal meridian; The Fractions cf townships twentvThe townships designated as number: j thirty-seven and thirty-eight, arc in the vicinity cf Lake Michigan. At the Land Office at Fortwaync, cn the thiid Monday in October next, for the disposal cf the public lands within the limits of the undermentioned town1 j ships and fractional townships between 1 the abash and Eel rivers, and embracing all the alternate sections and parts j of sections reserved to the United States j under the act of Ccrgres sgranting to j the State ol Indiana certain lands for the purpose of opening a canal, with the exception of those sections through wiiich the canal may run, to wit: Fractional townships twenty-seven, cf ranges two, three, four, five, six and sci vi-mi, east cl tne &cccnu principal merir - 1 " ; d:ar; Fractional townships twenty-eight, of ranges two, three, four, five, six, seven, p;(,i,i. vv.r nnd ten. r-t r.f t.r KrmrA ! principal meridian; j Fractional township twenty-nine, cf ranges five, si, seven, eight, i.inc, ten and eleven, east cf the secend piincipal meridian; Fractional township thirty, of ranges seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen and fourteen, cast of the second principal meridian; Fractional township thirty-one, cf ranges eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen and fifteen, east of the second principal meridian; Also the undermentioned township in the vicinity of Lake Michigan, viz: Townships thirty-seven and thirtyeight, of ranges two, three and four, cat ! of the second principal meridian; lownships thirty-seven, ot ranges eight and nine, cast cf the second prini cipal meridian; The townships will be offered m the order above designating, beginning with the lowest number of section subject to sale in each. The lands reserved by law for the u;s of school or for other purposes, arc to be excluded from sale. Given under my hand at the City cf Washington, this fifth day of June, A. D. 185'J. ANDREW JACKSON. George Graham, Cominisiioncr of the General Land Office. It will be observed that some of t!; 'tends proclaimed for sale at iort Wayne has been an omission in the law to attach the tends ceded by the treaty made with the Po!awat:-.m:t s on the 20th day ct September, 1S23, to the Fort Wayne Land Distiict June 26, 1830. 20 tds. lias ! I'as ! Hags ! C.lSlCuv U'OliK, will be" given for any ;uantity of clean Lv.ncn or Cs::c. kacs at tiic wesntrx sun olficc.