Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 21, Number 26, Vincennes, Knox County, 7 August 1830 — Page 1

A BY 3LIHU STOUTJ irmcmmus, (La.) sjmjitDiiY, august 7, isao. VOL. XZS. NO. 26.

IS published at 82 50 cents, for 52 numbers; which may be discharged by the payment of g2 at the time cf subscribing. Payment in advance, being the mutu al interest of bclh parties, that mode is solicited. A failure to notify a wish to discontinue at the expiration of the time subscribed for, will be considered a new engagement; no subscriber at liberty to discontinue, until all arrearages are paid Subscribers must pay the postage on their papers when sent by mail. Letters by mail to the Editor on business must be paid, or they will not be attended

;o. Produce will be received at the Cash Market Price, for subscriptions, if delivered within the year.' Advertisements not exceeding thir t:en lines will be it.serted three times for one dollar, and twenty-five cents for each after insertion longer ones in the same proportion. $7 Persons sending Advertisements, must specify the num bcr of times they wish them inserted, or they m be continued until ordered out, and must be for paid accordingly. Substance of Mr. JUXTO. S Speech, cn (he motion for a reduction of the duty cn Salt, delivered in the Senate of the U-?ii':-d States, Mau 1830. Ilr. Benton commenced his speech by caying that lie was no advocate for unprofitable debate, and had no ambition to add his name to the catalogue of barren orators; but that there were cases in which speaking did good; cases in whu h moderate abilities produce great results; and he believed the question of repealing the salt tax to be one of those cases. It had certainly been o in Kngland. There the salt tax had bee n ov erthrovvn, by the labors of plain men, under ciicumstanccs much more unfavorable to tiicir undertaking than exist lure The Kmrlisli Kjlt tax had continued 130 vears. o It wa. cherished by the ministry, to whom it yieMed a million and a half sterling of revenue; it was defended by the domestic saltmakcrs, to whem it gave a monopoly of the home matket; it was consecrated by time, having subsisted for five generations: it wan fortified by the habits of the people, who were born, ami had grown grey, under it; and it was sanctioned b" the necessities of the State, which require:! every resource of rigorous taxation. Vet it was overthrown, and the overthrow, was effected by two debates, conducted, not by the crators whose renown has filled the world not by Sheridan, Hurke, Pitt, and Fox but by plain business men Mr. Calcraft, Mr. l'.gmon. These patriotic members of the British Parliament commenced the war upon the British salt tax in 1817, and finished it in 1822, They commenced with the omens, and auspices all against them, and ended with complete success. They abolished the salt tax in tote. They swept it all off. bravely rejecting all compromises when they had got their adversaries half vanqui'ivd, and carrying their appeals heme to the p.. "Ac until thev had roused a spirit befo'v which the ministry quailed, the nionopo' i rs trembled, the Parliament gave v.v . and the tax till. This example is encoui -inr: it is full of consolation and of hope; v. shows what Zealand perseverance car d in a good cause; it shows that the cause f tiuth and justice is triumphant wlu- i's advocates are bold and faithful. It lea;' the conviction that the American eak lax will fall as the British tax did, as soon as the people shall see that its continu ar.ee is a burthen to them, without adequate advantage to the Government, and that its repeal is in their own hands. The enormous amount of the tax was the first p unt to which Mr. B would direct his attention He said it was near 300 per cent. upon Liverpool blown, and 400 per cent, v.ponalum s ilt; but as the Liverpool was a vcrv interior salt, and not much used in the West; he would confine his observations to the salt of Portugal and the West Indies, called bv the general name of alum. 1 he import price of this salt was from eight to nine cents a bushel of hfty-six pounds each, and the duty upon that bushel was twentv cents. Here was a tax of upwards of two hundred per cent. 1 hen the merchant had bis profit upon the duty as well as upon the cost of the article, and when it went through the hands cf several merchants before it got to the consumer, each had his profit upon it, and whenever this profit amounted to fif ty per cent, upon the duty, it was upwards r f one hundred per cent, upon the salt. 1 hen the tanflflaws have deprived the con Mimer of thirty four pounds in the bushel by substituting weight for measure, and that weight a false one. The true weight of a measured bushel cf alum salt is eighty four pounds; but the Vntish tariff laws, tor the sake of multiplying the bushels and increas ing the pred ict et the tax, substituted weight for measure; and our tariff laws co pied after them, and adopted their standard cf fittv-six pounds to the bushel. Here (.ien. Smith, of Maryland, roe and said that he had lea the benatov from Mis souvi into an error, in telling him. some time back, thatthe weight etalum salt wascigh-tv-four pounds. Subsequent reflection had shown him that it was below eighty. Mr. B. lTMimcd his speech. He said that the Senator from Maryland was not so far wrong in his first information as he supposed; that he (Mr. B.) w ts informed from other sources that Turk's Island salt weighed

abovc eighty p,u:ids; and he had a report ( crpool blown. Like the bouth, the West before bun cf a cctnmittcc of the British i receives no bounties r allowances, omncHousc of C:mmons made in 1K17 hv Mr. mint rf tho.w ,,.:., n ....

t , : , '" 1 : uiu, wuvre me imported silt is not changed since, he had nn chanced with the salt uu.ies; m which the weight of the re-exported upon fish or provisions ; but it them" and he apprehended a promulgation t;etlJi o! hwray sait is stated at eighty- is untair in the West, where the exportation oi the change wcuU pro.lucc a chiMn afcurp.,r.ds. 1 it let us assume the weight I rf beef, poi k, bacon, cheese and 'butter i, mongst its f,ilowtrs. T.kinr these to be at tic,.; pounus and at tins weight it is in-! prodigious and the i,reign salt, re-exported ! the principles of the svstem, let thesalt tax I'cnttstihie. that the tar.if laws have been 1 unon the whole of it. i v.. L.t, t,;,c,. 'r,i,r.

V "s uic- ioi.viu.cr thirty pounc sir. the bushel. 1- or these UwS Kduicuefcusuelto hfty-six pounds and

the retail merchant and saP manufacturer, improving upon this hint, have made a further reduction of six pounds, and reduce the bushel to fifty. This is a loss of threeparts in eight very nearly me half and making the salt cost nearly cue hundred percent, more. Putting all this together the duty, the merchant's profit upon that duty, and the loss in the bushel and the dutv on alum salt is shewn to be near four hundred per cent; in other words, the tax is four times the value of the article, and makes it cot the consumer four times as much as it would cost without the tax. This is a cruel oppression upon the people; one which they ought not to bear, without necessity, and which there is no ntcessitv, as shall be fully shewn, for bearing any longer. Mr. B. entered into statistical details, to shew the aggregate amount cf this tax, which he stated to be enormous, and contrary to every principle of taxation, even if taxes were so necessary as to justify the taxing of salt. He stated the importation of foreign salt, in 1829, at six millions of bushels, round numbers: the value of 1.5,000, and the tax at 20 cents a bushel, S 1.200,000; the merchant's profit upon the duty at 50 percent, is 600,000, and the secret or hidden tax, in the shape of false weight far true measure, at the rate of 50 lbs. in the bushel was S450.000. Here, then, is taxation to the amount of about two millions and a quarter of dollars, upen an article costing SI5,000; and the article one of prime necessity and universal use, ranking next nfier bread, in the catalogue cf articles for human subsistence. The distribution of this cnormocUax upon the different sections of the Union, was the next object of Mr. Ik's inquiry; and for this purpose, he viewed the Union under three great divisisons the Northeast, the South, and the West. To the Northeast, and especially to some parts of it, he considered the salt tax to be no burthen, but rather, a benefit and a money making business. The fishing allowances and bounties produced this effect. In consideration of the salt duty, the owners and exporters of

hsh, are allowed money out of the 1 rcasurv, to the amount, as it was intended, of the alt duty paid by them; but it has been proved to be twice as much. The annual allowance is about S2jO,000, and the aggregate drawn from the Treasury since the irst imposition ot the salt duty, m 189, is shewn bv the I reasury returns to l five millions of dollars. Much of this is drawn by undue means, as is shewn by the report cf the Secretary of the 'I' reasury, at the commencement of the present session, pagt8 of the annual report on the I mauces. - fhe Northeast makes much salt at ho.nc, md chicflv by solar evaporation, uhi h fits t for curing iish and iro i idus. Mucn' i J itis proved, by the returns of the s ilt ma kers, to lie used in the lisaeries, wo lie the isheries are drawing monev trom tne i rea sury under the laws which intended to in demnify them tor the dutv paid on tortign salt. To this section of the Union vhen, the salt tax is not heavily felt as a burthen. Let us proceed to the South. In this section there are but few salt works and no bounties or allowances, as there arc no fisheries. The consumers arc thrown almost entirely upon the foreign supply, and chieflv use the Liverpool blown. The imi port price of this is about 15 cents a bush , el, the weight and strength is less than that cf alum salt; and the tax tails heavily and directly upon the people, to the whole amount of their consumption. It is a heavy burthernupon the South. I he est is the last section to oe Viewed, and it will be found to be the true scat of the most oppressive operation of the salt tax. The domestic supply is high in price. deficient in quantity, and altogether unfit for one of the greatest purposes for which salt is there wanted, curing provisions for exfiortation. for this purpose, u foreign upplv is indispensable; and alum salt is the kind used. The import price cf this kind, from the West Indies, is nine cents a bush el; from Portugal eight cents a bushel. At these prices the W est could be supplied with tins silt, at New Orleans, n the duty was abolished; but in consequence of the duty it costs 37 J cents per bushel there, be ing tour limes the import price of the arti cle, and seventy-five cents per bushel at Louisville, and other central parts ot the valley of the Mississippi. This enormous price resolved into its component parts, is thus made up: 1. Light or nine cents a bu shel for the salt. 2. Twenty cents for duty. 3. Eight or ten cents for merchant's profit at New Orleans. 4. Sixteen or seventeen cents for freight to Louisville 5. Fifteen to twenty cents for the second merchant's profit, who counts his per centum on his whole outlav. In all about seventv-five cents for a bushel of fiftv pounds; which, if there was no duty, and the tariff regulations of weight for measure abolished, would be bought in New Orleans by the measured ousneioi quids, weigat, tor tiut or nine cents, and would be brought up the river at the rate of 33 1-3 cents per hundred weight. It thus appears that the salt tax falls heav iest upon the West. It is an errcr to sup pose that the South is the greatest sufferer Th West wants it tor evcrv purpose t'.ie South docs, and two great purposes beside curi:? provision Jur cxrx', a:d salting stcck. I tie est uses aium salt, ana on this the duty is heaviest, because the price is lower, and the weight greater. Twenty cents on salt which costs eight or nine cents a bushel, is a much heavier duty than on that which costs 15 cents; and then, the deception in the substitution cf weight for measure, is much greater in alum s ilt, which weichs SO nuu h monMlnn thr Liv- .............. . .vi.n., i ill t'Cl.l.l or mt. 11. argued with ercat warmth, that the provision curcrs and exporters were entitled to the s.ar.e bcuMies and a'.lowant

a j'. ? iMi. .1 v r . k .'w, Jtii.ii 111 i lit. i'f- ill r-

with the exporters of fish. The claims cf each rested upon the same principle, and

upon the principle of all drawbacks, that of j a rc-imbursement ot the duty which was paid on the imported salt when re-exported, on fish, and provisions. The same principle covers th beef and pr,rk of the farmer, which covers the fish cf the fisherman; and such w.rs the law in the beginning. The first act of congress in the year 1T89, wh'rh imposed a duty upon salt, allowed a bounty in lieu of drawback, on beef and pork exported, as well as fish. The bounty was the same in each case ; it was five cents a quintal on dried fish ; five cents a barrel cn p'ckled fish, and five on beef or pork. As the duty on salt was increased, the bounties and allowances were increased also. Fish, and salted beef and pork, fared alike for the first twenty years. They fared alike till the revival cf the salt tax at the commencement cf the late war. Then they parted company ; bounties and allowances were continued to the fisheries, and dropped on beef and pork ; and this has been the cube ever since. The exporters of fish are now drawing at the rate of S'250,000 per annum, as a reimbursement for their salt tax ; while exporters of provisions draw nctliing. The aggregate of the fishing bounties and allowances, actually drawn from the treasury, exceed five millions of dollars: while the exporters of provisions, who get nothing, would have been entitled to draw a greater sum : fur the export in salted provisions, exceeds the value of exported fish. Mr. Benton could not quit this part of his subject, without endeavoring to fix the attention of the Senate upon the provision trade of the West. He took this trade in its largest reuse, as including the export trade of beef, pork, bacon, cheese and butter, to foreign countries, especially the West Indies; the domestic trade to the lower Mississippi and the Southern States ; the neighborhood trade, as supplying the towns in the upper States, the miners in Missouri and the upper Mississippi ; the army and navy; and the various professions,' which, being otherwise employed, did not raise their own provisions The amount of this trade in this comprehensive view, was prodigious and annually increasing, and involving in its current almost the entire population of the West, either as the growers and makers of the prov isions, the curcrs, ( xportei s, or 'Misume s. What was exported from Nc.v-Orh -.n - was shewn to be great ; but it w.t; only a fraction of the wfioh trade. He declared it to be entitled to the f iv r able consideration of congress, a al that the repeal cf the salt duty was the greatest favo', if an act of justice ought to come under the name of favor, which could now be rendered it. A reduction in the price of salt, next to a reduction in the price of in-1 1 , w?.s the gvratest blessing which the Federal go j imivut could now confer upon the Wet. Mr. B. referred to the example of F.ngiand whofivored her provision curcrs, and permitted them to import alum salt, free of duf. fr the encouraeerrent rf the pvov iiou tr.uie, even when her own salt manufacturers were producing vn abundant iiufMiperllaous supply of common salt. ile s wed mat Mie diu more ; that she cxtt u led the s-'ic rilief and encouragement to the liis'ii ; and he read from the British utute beck, .in act of the British parliainent 'mss--: in IM) , entitled, an act to enuru' -h- : xficrt ij salted hctf and pork fran fr!aJ" hich allowed a bounty o ten peace sterling on every hundredweight of beef t'.d pork so exported, in consideration cf me duty paid on the salt which was used in tin curing of it. He stated, that at a later period, the duty had been entirely repealed, an?! the Irish, in common with other British objects, allowed a free trade with all the world, 1:1 sah; and then deman ded, in the most emphatic manner, if the people ot the est could not obtain from the American ' "tigress the justice which the oppressed hish had procured from a British P. rliamcnt, composed of hereditary nobles, "d filled with representatives cf lMtien 'toughs, and slavish retainers of the King'.- ministers! Having shown the enormous ; Mumnt of the tax, its unequal operation la u lf.rent sections cf the Union, and the supi t i ;r claims of' the West for its abolition, Mr. B. proceeded to examine the n ison.-.tr-r keeping it up. These grew out of the lm(rican System;" for the duty was no longer wanted for revenue. The plea ot revenue was cut off by our own conduct We had v oted, two years ago, to reduce the duties one half on wines, and were now vo ting to reduce them to a fraction on coffee, tea, and chocolate. This is proof decisive that the revenue can dispense with a part of the taxes. I he objection then, to the re peal of this salt duty, stands upon the 'Vmrrican System;" and thus this system is presented to the people bv its own warm friends and zealous champions, as reducing the moderate duties on champaigne wine and imperial tea, which the rich and luxurious alone use, and leaving the enormous and unequal duties upon salt, without which the farmer cannot raise his stock or cure his provisions! without which the laboring man cannot eat his dinner, ncr the beggar boil his greens' Thus this system is presented as favoring the rich and luxurious, oppressing the poor and laborious' But let us examine into it, and see with what justice, and with what conformity to its own declared principles, the "American System" has taken the salt tax under its shelter and prelection. The principles cf that system, as 1 understand them, and practice upon them, are to tax through the custom house, the foreign rivals cf our own essential productions when, by taxation, an adequate supply of the same article, as good, and as cheap, can be made at home. These were the principle of the svstem, Mr. B. said. when he was initiated, and if they had W.est,r m !.'"..; tun- h -M ; ...,! n'l , . ! soL-' proti cticn. The du'v was .,c.r oCOj I p.-r cer.t, on l.i-.erp: sa' vx.O. 4C0 epen I

A

alum salt; and to this must be added, so far as relates to all the interior manufactories.

the protection arising from transportation. frequently equal to ,r 300 per cent. more. This great and excessive pn lection has been ct jojed, without interruption, for the last eighteen years, and partially for twenty years lorger. This surely is time enough for the trial cf a manufacture which requires but little skill cr experience to carry it on. Now for the results. Have the domestic manufactories produced an adequate supply for the country? They have not! not half enough. The production of the last year (189) as shewn in the returns to the Secretary of the Treasury, is about five millions cf bushels; the importation of for eign salt for the same period, as shown by the custom house returns is 5,945,547 bushels. This shows the consumption to beele-l en millions of bushels, ot which five are domestic, Here the failure, in the essential particular of an adequate supply, is more than one half. In the next place, how is it in point of price? Is the domestic article furnished as cheap as the foreign? Far trom it, as already shown; and still further as can be shown. The price of the domestic, along the coast cf the Atlanta States, TeZTr-Z ? , m 37i CeRtSin the interior, the usual prices at the works are from 33 1-3 cents to one dollar for the bushel of 50lbs which can nearly be put into a half bushel measure. The prices of the foreign salt, at the import cities, as shown in the custom house returns for 189, are, for the Liverpool blown, about 15 cents for the bushel of 56 lbs; for Turk's Island and other West India salt, about 9 cents; for St. Ubes, and other Portugal salt, about Scents; for Spanish salt, Hay of Biscay, and tiibraltar, about 7 cents; from the Island of Malta, 6 cents. Lcavine out the Liverpool which is made by boiling,, and, therefore contains slachnxl bittern.a septic ingredient which promote putrefaction, and renders that salt unfit for curing provisions, and winch is not used m the West; and the average price of the strong, pure, alum salt, made by solar evaporation in hot climates. is about 8 cents to the bushel. Here then is mother lamentable failure. Instt ad of being sold as cheap as the foreign, the domes-

tic salt is from four to twelve times the ihc duties on tea, coffee, wines and chocprice cf alum suit. olalCf the duty upon saU must fall he

J he last inquiry is as to the quality of

the domestic article Is it as good as cannot continue to tax the first necessary the foreigt ! This is the most essential of life after untaxing iu luxuries. The application cf the test, and here again duty was repealed in oro, under the adthe failure is decisive The domestic ministration of Mr Jefferson. The prosalt will not cure provisions for expor bable extinction of the public debt enatation, (the little excepted which is made bled the Government at that time to dis-

by sola? evaporation) nor for consump tion in the South, nor for long keeping at the army pr stf, nor for voyages wi h the navy Tor all these purposes it is worthless and useless; and the provi I sions which are put up in it are lost, oi I

have to be repacked at a gieat expense, necessary to the health, growth and fatin alum salt This fact is well known fining of hos, cattle, sheep and horses; throughout the West, where too many that it was a preservative ot hay clocitiz tis have paid the penal'y of trust ve, and restored mouldy and flooded

ing to domestic sa'd, tu be dunc-d or in juredby it any longer In proof ot this Mr. B. read a statement from a citizen of liidi?na, Mr J. G Reed, whose r pectability he vouched for, alleging t a he had sustained a loss ol near 8350 upon a cartro ot ovi'j oarrcis ot noik, at New Orleans, in the year 1527, in consequence of putting it up in domestic salt The pork began to spoil as soon as it arrived in the warm climate of the South. To save it, Mr. Reed had to incur the expense of repacking in alum salt; a process which cost him gl 12$ on each barrel, besides 12$ cents for re placing each hoop that got broke in the operation, and the expense of the drays uummg uic pui k iu auu irom inc piace oi repacking. Mr. IJ. said that this was the case with one and all. They must repack in alum salt at New Orleans, at the same exper.ee that Mr. Reed did, or procure that kmd cf salt beforehand, burthened, as it was with duty, and ditmnishcd m the busael by the tariff laws Surely the West cannot present this piLiuiv; ui imMuui. iu u:c congress, and ask in vain for the lelicf which the Irish, proverbial for oppressions, received from the Eritbh Parliament. And here he submitted to the Senate that the American System, without a gross de paruire irom us original punches, . c r. couia not cover mis outy any ioncr. it has had the full benefit of that system m high duties, imposed, for a lonjj time, on foreign salt; u had net produced an adequate supply for the country, nor half a supply; nor ot as cheap a rate, by 303 or lujw per tea ; anu wuai u mo suppiy,soiar irom ucmg equal m quality, could not even be used as a substitute for the great and important business of me provision iraae. i ne amount ot so muciioi ui4i uauc us w m 10 loreign countries, i. suewcu 10 oc oo.uuu barrels of beef; 54,000 barrels of pork; 2,000,000 bs of bacon; 2,000,000 lbs of ouuer, aim . uuUuw lusoi cueesc; nna nc consiucicu iuc auppiy lur inc army and navy, ana tor consumption in the bouth, to exceed tne quantity exported. Mr. li. examined another ground of claim for the continuance of the duties founded on the amount of capital which the manufactories had embarked in the ousiness. i ney nau returned tniscapi tal at upwards of three millions of doi

lars-, but when you come to analyse the sworn and examined as a witness He particulars of this imposing sum, two said: "I will commence by referring to millions of it are found to be taken up the evidence I gae upon the subject of wiih wooden vats, and their scantling rock salt, in order to establish the preroofs, which are in a state of daily detcri- sumption of the national importance of

oration, and must rot ma lew cars, 'vheth r j : er used or not. Such items could counted : c;

pi'.u!, v.hUss when

new, or nearly so; and it is not to be presumed th3t any new works have been erected since the problem of paying the public debt has been discussed and solved; and a great reduction of taxes looked to as a consequence of that event. Another portion of the capital was in kettles, also a perishable item, to which the same remark extends as to the wooden vats. A third large item in the estimate of capital is a great number of wells and furnaces, left to stand idle on

purpose, in order to make less salt and demand higher prices for it. Deduct ing all these items, or so much of each as ought to deducted, Sc it would beprob ably turn out that the boasted capital in it,... -ri c a noi th w-,-ta t riM ... frt .. T. ' . v . hcfm atOAl"JLa 5 shcn t0 be for 1829, SI 00.000 of direct duty; merchants profit upon that sum at the rate of 50 per cent, making 600,000 dolMars; and 450,000 dollars more for the loss of 30 lbs. in everv bushel. In all lwo minions and a quarter of dollars. The real capital, in all human probabil- , . i .L . n u ."y, does not reach that sum. 1 he cap,tal to be affected by the repeal of the duty cannot be the one half ot it; for all the interior works; all those in upper Pennsylvania, in Western Virginia, in Ohi0 in Kentucky, Illinois and MilBr,r; n Kor th r-r-v, f fnr ' j..r. ro ,n nn SaU' CXCeP.1 at an adCC f 2 10 P" cent, upon its cost. They arc protected ""noui a larni, uy locamy, uy uisiancc, and by the expense of transporting loreign salt into the fair and legitimate sphere ol their supply and consumption. Doubtless it would be better for the consumers l0 buy all the works, and stop them, thzn 7 ... 0 B Pent enormous duty and lts accumulated burthens, to keep them up. But this alternative cannot be necessary. The people cannot be driven to this resort. After reducing American system cannot keep it up. It pensc with certain taxes, and salt took, p;ecedencc thenof tea, coffee, chocolate and wine. It cannot be necessary hero to dilate up jn the use of salt; but in repealing that duty in England, it was 'bought worthy of notice that salt was hay to its good and wholesome state; and made even straw and chaff available food for cattle. The domestic salt makers need not speak of protection against alum salt. No quantity of duty vvpl keep it out. The people must have u or tne provision iracic; anu inc outy upon that kind of salt is a grievous burthen upon them without being of the least advantage to the salt makers. r n it .. n nrr,.,mr ?n r,. time of war we shouid have to depend upon the home supply. He said we had no war at present, nor any prospect ct onc. anrl tha. lt wa, neif her ,vi,e nor ben. cficiaI t0 anticipate, and inflict uponourseIves beforehand, the calamities o! that Slatc tSufTicient for the day is the evil thereof." When the war come, we wij iCe about the price; in the mean xvhilc, the cheaper we get it now, the higher we shall be able to pay for it then, But he did not admit the arrumcnt The making 0f salt was a plain and easy business. It required no skill or cxper,ence. If a part ot the works stOD when the price becomes low, they will start again the day it rises. If the whole were stopped now they would all be in full operation in the first few months of war. Besides many works were stonned now. Gn the Kenhawa 24 furnaces, capable of making 400jOO bushels per anrium, arc returned by the owners as itlic. On the Holston, only one well is worked, making 500 bushels a day, when lo.OGO could he made. At manv other piact5 a p,rt of tbe uorks arc 6l0ppcd, and fop lhc purp05e 0f making a less quanlil nd uin ,li hcr pricc. jf thB nwnPr- rhll- Mnn thCir works for lheir private advantage, they must not complain if the interest of the people 3hould require more of them to stop. Mr B. saicj there was no argument wnjch could be used here in favor cf continuing this duty which was not used, and u5e(j in ain, in England; and mar.y werc U5Cj thcre of much rcal force UMch cannot be used here. The American Sy5tcm,by name was not impressed into the service of the tax thcre, out its doctrines were: and he read a part of the repott of the committee cn salt duties, in 1817, to prove it. It was the state- - ment ot the agent ot tne nauu facturcs. Mr William Home, who was the sat trade, arising iruu. .v. bv v.tent of llritish capital employed in the tir.de, and the coniidcrablc number cf