Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 21, Number 17, Vincennes, Knox County, 5 June 1830 — Page 2

are s distinct and strong ;jct?, that its beneficial effects have keen experienced than they were then, when its beneficial effects were only anticipated? The state made the Constitution, and formed a more perfect Union, under the convic tion that it was needed. Have occur renecs, since that time, been calculated to prove, that their convictions of its utility and necessity, were erroneous? Have they given any indications to that eflect? I believe not. On the contrary, they have evinced, from the period of its formation, up till this very moment, in which I am speaking, no sentiment in relation to any subject, so strongly as that of an affectionate regard for, and devotion to the Union. Why, then, this inquietude about the Union? Why is the gentleman inspired, ct this time, with audi a devotion to its consolidation? There was a time, during the late war, mrhen some zeal on that subject was felt; but, at that time, the reasons for it, were apparent to all. For myself, I regard it as the union cf twenty-four sovereign states, and rely more upon their intelli gencc and zeal, for its support and con linuance, than I do upon the power of ihe Supreme court, or the inordinate 7-eal cf any given number of politicians. It is upon the fiecfile cf the states, and not upon the politicians, that solid reliance is to be placed, for the continuance, and just operation, of all our institutions. They will maintain and vindicate the Union, not for the purpose of imposing certain salutary restraints upon the sov creigntyof the states, but for the high purposes and objects for which it was formed. Utility, Mr President, wa3 the object for which it-was formed and, while it subserves that purpose, it will be maintained. But, when purposes of oplcndor and magnificence, of pageantry and parade, shall supersede those for which it was formed whenever it shall be supposed, that the sovereign states ot vhich it is composed, must be whipped by the patriotic functionaries ol the General Government, into the support of it whenever its continuance shall be made to depend upon the power of the Supreme court, exerttrlin sub duing to its support the sovereign states whenever the compact of Union shall be so construed, as to give to the General Government the right of deciding upon the validity of its own encroachments, upon the sovereignties of t lie states and, let me add, whenever the states cease to maintain their sovereignty, and their own competency to maintain it, against the encroachments of the General Government, then, ii.deed, will inc duration of this Union become problem atical. We should never forget, that the grea test good, when perverted, becomes the greatest evil. 1 he Union, while it con tinues to be what ii was, when it was formed, Sc what it was intended it should con.inue o be, an Union ol frf.e, soveJtEIQN, AND 1NDF.IM.NDENT b'l ATKS, lll be cuisiucred by the states as the great est conceivable political good and for the maintenance and suppou of which, the people of the ststcs would, when the occasion should demand it, pour out their blood, like water. But, een in then high estimation of it, they da no? hold it

os the greatest good Thete is or Mill better, still more precious, which they rate infinitely higher It is their liberty And, for the people to be free, the staics must be free and nc state c n be free, the sovereignty of which is subject to the control of another is subject to certain restraints, however salutary, imposed by the judicial department of another government. But, I feel confident, that while ever the Union conduces to the maintenance of the freedom of the States, the people ol the states will maintain it : and, whenever it shall be made the instrument ot tyranny and oppression, they will cast it off. and form one move perfect. .That is, if they ictain the spiiitof freedom if they do not, it matters but little, what kind of government they have. And, indeed, upon the doctrine of the honorable senator, relative to the power v the Supreme court over the sovereignty of the slate?;, 1 cannot see what is to prevent as perfect consolidation of the government, and consequent monarchy or despotism. We hae now, if he is light, a fearlul oligarchy. Nothing but forbearance of that tribunal, can save us. We are denied the right ol saving ourselves. The states must yield obedience to their sovereign trandate must doff their sovereignty, at the nod of the judges. 1 hey cannot interpose their z'eto, but must submit to any salutarv re straints, which the judges may choose to inflict upon their sovereignties. Sir, the power of imperial .Home in her proudest days, weie not superior to that asserted by the gentleman for the Supreme court nor were the humblest of her provinces, in a condition more abject, than that of these Slates, according to his doctrine. The conq-iesf? ol Horoc were achieved At an incalculable expense of blood and treasure. But, this u ibunal may reduce lo vassalagetwcnty -four sovereign states, without shedding one drop of blood, or expending one dollar ol money. A single curia advisare vult, will do the business. Now, sir, what is the condition of the state? They are not to resist encroachments upon their own sovereignty resistance with them is crime. The Congitis will not resist encroachments made by the judiciary upon state sovereignty, because that encroachmeut is

bul a salutary restraint and, bcccusc, the decision of the court may, and no doubt often will be, but an affirmance of encroachment, by the Legislative Department of the General Government; so that, sooner or later, state rights will be named only to point a sarcasm, or excite a smile of derision. Indeed, a smile of that kind may ever now be seen mantling upon the face of some gentlemen, when that subject is named. Sir, these rights are exercise by the states, in relation to subjects within their own territorial limits; and, in a manner so little imposing, as to attract but little attention from without. The exercise of them, is as obscure as it is beneficial. A state, in regulating its domiciliary concerns, exerts its sovereign power without its exterior trappings without the usual lustre, and imposing glare, of national sovereignty. It has no navy, no army, no diplomacy, no boundless revenue. .In relation to all these sub jecls, the sovereign power of each, is exercised jointly with that of the others. The General Government, thro' whose agency the sovereign power of the states

jointly is exerted, in relation to all these subjects, without having any national characteristic, without being more than a mere fiduciary for the states, is sur rounded with the splendors, and the patronage of a nation. And, there is reason to apprehend, that there are many, influenced by appcarancess not less dis posed to ascribe to it unqualified power, than somi of its functionaries are to as sume and exercise it. But the whole argument of the gentleman lias gone upon the predication that the stales are to be kept in order by coercion only. That, but for the controlling power of the Supreme court, they would transcend their appropriate -spheres, . and usurp the powers assigned by the Constitution to the general government. Now, sir, in what instance 1 would ask, has any state displayed such a disposition ? What exertion of power, by any one of them, since the formation of the Constitution, has been of that character? When did any one of the states attempt to make a treaty with a foreign power, or with any of the other states ? Has any one of them attempted to make war to com moncv to retruiate commerce to grant letters of marque and reprisal to crcct a navy or raise and support armies? Or to do any other act. or exercise any of the great powers separately, which they had agreed in the Constitution to exercise jointly t Has any state failed to send its pro portion ot members to the House of Representatives, or its two members to the Senate of the United States, or denied full faith and credit to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of the other states ? No state has viobued, or attempted to violate the Constitution, in any of thec particulars. I mention them, because in no one of them could the judiciary have interposed its restraining power, even if it were possessed by that department to the extent contended for it could net, by the forms of the Constitution, have reached any one of the cases, by any conceivable exertion of its power. What, then, restrained the states from violating the Constitution, in any of the particulars which I have enumerated? If they are as prone to transcend the limits of their power as they are represented to be, one would think that, in the course of fifty 3 cars some instance of violation must have occurred. No, sir, the security of the Constitution frcm inroads upon it by the states, is to be found in that wisdom, vhich is always associated with sovereignty. It the confluent will, and the concentrated wisdom of the people who compose a state, is not to be confided in, on what else under Heaven, I ask, can confidence be placed ? ThattnVis necessarily pure, because it is the ivill of the people ; not as people, but as citizens It is the will of all in relation to each, and of no one in relation to hunselt .specially ; and there is not a man, or set of men, on earth who, if they can be freed fiom selfish inbuences, will not act justly. Sir, that is the condition of the citizens of the states ; their sentiments are all of that character thev are discolored in their operation by the selfish influences of the political fiduciaries through, whose agency they take effect and this which is produced by the functionaries, is charged upon the citizens. It is the functionaries then, and not the citizens, who are to be feared ; and those of the general government not less than those of the states ; and with both, those are most to be feared w ho are least responsible to the citizens ; and, therefore, the judiciary is more to be dreaded than any other department. What motives, let me repeat, can the states have, to weaken or destroy the Union? formed it, and after all, they have the power of maintaining or destroying it. It lives in the breath of their nostrils in their in ttllirence in their affections and their conscious need of it. It was not formed by them under th? coercive influence of the Supreme court ; it was the oiFpring of the unrestrained and unconstrained sovereignties of the states. Sir, the doctrine contended for, is parricidal ; it is for the destruction of the parent, bv its offspring ; it is not the doctrine of Jefferson, or Madison, or Hamilton But I am averse 110111 quoiauou , a uuimuv should be approved or reprobated, not because it has, or has not, had the sanction of this or that distinguished man, but because it is intrinsic all right or wrong. I am opposed to the government of living men, still more of the dead. Our government should be tlvat of laws, through the agency only of men. Every civil society, large enough to constitute and maintain itself as a state, should govern itself by its own will, through the medium of such devices as its wisdom shall select. It should act jointly w ith its associates, in reference to foreign objects, and separately in reference to its interior concerns ; but it should maintain its sovereignty by all means and at all hazards ; for there is not in the catalogue of ev ils, a single one so much to be deprecated by a state, as the prostration of its sovereignty it is the loss of their liberty, to the people who compose it. INDENTURES for Apprentices for sale at this oilice.

NEW STORE. TIIOS. 1). BERRY & CO. J h espectfully inform their friends and Uti the public in general, that they have just received from New-York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, and have open ed in the Store Room adjoining Messrs. Reynolds Sc Bonner, a large and well selected assortment of staple and fancy DRY GOODS, HARDWARE AND CUTLERY, China, Glass iij Quccnsvare? A fine assortment of Ladies' and Gentle 7NftV, Boys and Children's BOOTS AND SHOES OF EVERT DESCRIPTION. Leghorn Bonnets 5 Bolivars, Fir, Wool, Leghorn, and Palm Leaf JUTS. Groceries.

Paints, and Dye Stuffs, Juniatta and Sw ede Bar Iron, Castings, Anvils, Plough Moals, Nails, assorted, Steel, Trace Chains, Log and Halter, do. Vices, Sec. This stock of Goods has been purchased unusually low, and will be sold on the most accommodating terms. Vincennes, May 22, 1830. 1 5 tf TOIVILINSON a ROSS, fJTAVE just received from Philadelg phia and . Baltimore, -a large and general assortment of V MERCHANDIZE At their old Stand on Market street, which they are determined to offer on the lowest terms, for cash. Vincennes, May 18, 1830. l5-3m Made & Sold, by II. P. PRICE. ( Vincennes, Indian A,) the house lately occupied by & McArthuh, as an Iron Jamks store, on Se con street, one door above Market street The prices of hat's in general, are for Reaver , - 10 Fine Castor 8 Coarse do - 6 Fine Roram, Coarse do S5 3 Hats made in the shops here, are in geneial, much superior to those imported front the Eastern states, for the latter are made of the coarsest wool, and raped with rabit fur the farmers would find it to their interest, at least 25 per cent, to purchase from the manufacturers I pledge myself that my Hats shall be made in the best manner, of sufierior stuff, and in the most Fashionable style. RICHARD P. PRICE. February, 1829. 2-tf VZTPORK, CORN & OJ'FS will be re ceivedin exchange for Hats. R. P. P. ADDISON & MERRIE. o PPOSITEthe Union Hall, Main street, Louisville, Ky. Keep con stantly on hand a very extensive and general assortment of Dutch Bolting Cloths, a very superior article, 34 and 40 inches wide from No. 0 to No 9 inelusive, which they offer for sale on reasonable terms. April 10, 1830. , .- 9-3m. fJ I he editors of the Beacon, St Louis Missouri, will pleacc insert the above about three months and forward their account for settlement. '0J. Notice is hereby given, THAT six weeks after date, application will be made to the Register of the Land Office at Vincennes, in the state of Indiana for a certificate of forfeited land stock for the amount paid on the north east quarter of section num ber three, in township number four south, of range number three east, formerly in the Vincennes District, entered on the seventh day of November, 1808, and for feited for non-payment, agreeably to law; now claimed by the heirs of Richard M'Mahan, deceased, under the act of Congress of May, 1828, entitled "An act lor the relief purchasers of public lands, that have reverted for non-payment of the purchase money ; the original cer tihcate of the purchase of which has been lost or destroyed. Given under my hand, this 20th day of May, 1830. l-6t ROSANNAH WRIGHT, formerly Rosannah McMahan, for herself, and the other heirs of Ri chard McMahan, deed. NOTICE. TTAVING purchased the right of 11 iL making and vending within Knox county, Pmkham Mosher s Washing Machine, for scouring and washing clothes, any person wishing to purchase can have them on trial, and if not ap proved, may be returned. I have also on hand and intend keeping, a supply of Cabinet W are of the best quality; will also do Carpenter's and Joiner's work at the most reduced prices. JOHN MOORE.

IN

ii

May 1st, 1830.

1 2-1 j.

SEMINARY LAND FOR SALE.

THE minimum prices of the Seminary Land having been reduced; viz: first rate to 552 50, second rate to gl 50,and third rate to 75 cents per acre, therefore, all the unsold land in the Sem inary township in Gibson county, will again be offered for sale to the highest bidder, at the Court House in Princeton, on Saturday the 26th day of June next, commencing at II o'clock, A. M ; after which the efhec will be be opened lor entry at said prices. JAMES SMITH, Com. May 20th, 1830. 16-3t. 7 SMITH & TRACY'S lfin Sheet Iron MANUFACTORY. ON the corner of Market and Second streets, have on hand for sale, a large and general assortment of Tin and Sheet Iron ware, which they offer at reduced prices. Tinware will be sold whole sale and retail upon advantageous terms to purchasers. Vincennes, October, 24, 1829. 37-t New Albany and Vincennes TURNPIKE NOTICE. A T a meeting of the Commissioners .fiL appointed by the Legislature of the state of Indiana, at their session in January, 1830, for opening the books for subscription to the stock of the "New Albany and Vincennes Turnpike Road Company," held at Paoli in the county of Orange, on Monday the I Oth day of May, 1 830, there were present from the coun ty of Floyd, David M Hale and Mordecai Collins; fiom the county of Har rison, Hays M Callan; from the county of Washington, John Gregg; from the county of Orange, William Lindley and William A. Scnbner; from the county of Martin, Lewis Brooks; from the cty of Daviess, Michael Murphy; and fr.m the county cf Knox, John C. Clark; and on motion David M. Hale was appointed chairman, and William A. bcriuuer, Secretary. In conformity to an act of the Legislature of this State, approved January 29, 1 830, entitled "An act to incorporate a Company to make a Turnpike Road from New Albany in Floyd county, by Greenville, Paoli, Mount Pleasant and Washington to Vincennes in Knox coun ty," notice is hereby given, that books shall be opened lor subscription to said Stock by the attending Commissioners, at the following places, to wit: at New Albany in Floyd county, and at Salem in Washington county, from this date; at Paoli, Orange county, on the thiid Monday in this month; at Mount Pleasant, Martin county, on the first Monday in June next; at Washington, Daviess county, the second Monday in June next; and at Vincennes, in Knox couty, the third Monday in June next. The above named Commissioners appointed under said act, would respect, fully refer to the act published in the Western Sun, and call the immediate attention of the bublic, not only to the general advantage of the work in view, but also to the favorable terms upon which a most profitable stock may now be procured. It is believed that the present Congress have donated 5518,000 to its accomplishment. 'To property holders on or near its line, and the patriotism that looks to the prosperity of the country, the commissioners need give no additional invitations to attend at the places and times specified. Resolved unanimously. That four hun dred copies of the above act, together with the proceedings of this meeting, be printed in pamphlet form, for genetal distribution. On motion Resolved, That John C. Clark, David M. Hale, William Lindley, Lewis Brooks, and Michael Murphy be the five "acting commissioners' under the 24th section of the above mentioned act. Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be published four weeks successively in the Western Sun at Vincennes; the Western Register, at Terre Haute; the Indiana Journal, at Indiana polis; the Annotator, at Salem, and the Focus at Louisville, and forward their accounts to the Secretary of this meet insOrdered, that this meeting adjourn to meet at this place, on the second Mon day in May next. Signed DAVID M. HALE, Chm'n. Attest, Wm. A. Scribner, Sec'y. Paoli, May 10, 1830. 15-4t. TAKEN UP, BY Sion S. Harbin, Palmyra township Knox county, state of Indiana, one DARK BAY MARE, with a black mane and tail, right hind foot white, a small star and large snip in her forehead, supposed to be six years this spring, 15 i hands high, no other marks or brands perceivable, appraised to 850. Also, one SORREL MARE, supposed to be 11 years old this spring, right hind foot white, some saddle marks, a small star in her forehead, some white hairs in her mane, about 1 5 hands high, had on a common sized bell, with a lea ther collar and square buckle; no other marks or brands perceivable, appraised to 240, by James Lillic and Marcellus Withers, before me, JAMES W.DENNET, J r.

J May 19, 1330.

16-3t

Notice is hereby Given, rip HAT six weeks after date applicaJJL tion will be made to the Register of the Land Office at Vincennes in the state of Indiana, for a certificate of Land Stock for the amount paid on the fractional sections four and nine, township number eight south, of range number seven west, in the Vincennes District, entered on the thirteenth day of September, 1809, in the names of Elias Rector Jc Nicholas J. Roosevelt, and forfeited for non-payment agreeably to law; now claimed by me, in my own right and as assignee of Elias Rector, under the act of Congress of 23d May, 1828, entitled "An act for the relief of purchasers of public lands, that have reverted for non-payment of the purchase money the original certificate of the purchase of which has been lost or destroyed Given under my hand, this 8th day cf May, 1830. NICHOLAS J ROOSEVELT, by John A. Graham, his Att'y. in fact. May 15, 1830. 14-6t

PROPOSALS FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION, A TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OF THE STATE OF INDIANA. IHE subscribers, having been concern ed in the publication of this work, re spectfully inform the citizens of this State, and the public, that they have made arrangements to insure its speedy publication. Some may have come to the conclusion that its publication was entirely abandoned, in consequence of its not appearing at the time expected by its author; hence, we deem it proper to say, for the satisfaction cf those who may have manifested a disposition to patronize it, that the delay was occasioned entirely by circumstances beyond the control of its author. The undertaking is ere which requires more labor, and necessarily incurs greater expense, than many are aware of. or than the author at first anticipated. The delay, however, will affcrd the publisher an opportunity of presentirg much new and interesting matter, which has been brought about by the late session of the General Assembly, which will, in vome measure, make the delay rather advantageous, than otherwise. Suffice it to sav, then, that the work is progressing, and will be completed as soon as a due regard to correctness will permit. We deem it unnecessary to beg the patronage of our fellow citizens to this work, as we feel confidei.t(from the patronage already received) they will take a pleasure in giving it their support, especially when they consider it is the production of their own, and not of another fctate. To those who have not had an opportunity of examining the Manuscript, we would say, that itwts presented to the members cf the Legislature, at their session of 1829, and pronounced to be correct, and as an evidence, we refer to their signatures on the prospectus, or to the Uepresentathes themselves, residing in the diiTerent sections cf the State. Great pains have been taken to obtain correct information in relaton to the North part of the State; and we arc much indebted to those gentlemen who have long been engaged in the Indian trade for the information acquired. i he manuscript is now in the hands of Mr. Wm. Woodruff, of Cincir nati, uhose character as an engraver is well known to the public; we may, therefore, sny the work will be executed ina style not inferior to any in the United States. CONTENTS AND CONDITIONS. This map will contain a rariety of use ful and interesting matter, not usually published in maps. It will shew the Indian and County boundaries the Scats of justice and other towns the surveys as registered in the several land offices the location cf the several Indian tribes, their xillages, and the number of their inhabitants Comberland Road State Roads Wabash Canal Water courses the Form of Government of the State Fact of the Country Soil Prairies Antiquities and an interesting table showing the quantity of 1st, Cd and 3d rate land in each county the number of inhabitants Lawyers Doctors Mei chants Printing Offices Mills Machinery, &c. The whole to be neatly executed on copperplate, handsomely embellished with a view of the FALLS OF OHIO. It will be neatly executed on a fine sheet of paper, (2 feet by 3J in size.) handsomely colored, varnished and mounted, Price S4C0. The scale will be uine miles to the inch. JyAny person procuring six subscribers, and becoming responsible for the same, will be entitled to a copy of the work. Post Masters, Prine tcrs, and the agent for the Miami Times, are requested to interest themselves in getting subscribers. Persons who procure subscribers are requested to send a list of them to the Publishers by the first of June next. THOMAS J. FArANS. JOHN SCOTT. Logcnsport, Feb. 1830. 6 CAUTION. A LL persons are hereby cautioned not to credit my wife Phillis Soudrict,or any of my children hereafter cn my account, as I am determined to par no debts that any of them may contract. CHARLES SOUDRILT. Vincennes, May 21, 1830. l5-3t To all creditors and others, interested in the estate of William Brisccc, deceased, late of Warrick county, ar.d state of Indiana, TAKE NOTICE. THE undersigned administrator of said estate, has discovered that the personal and real estate of said deceased, will not discharge the debts and other demands against it; he therefore hereby declares said estate to be insolvent, and ' claims the settlement thereof, as anin solvent estate.

GEO. BRISCOE, May 14th, 1830. 15-3t