Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 20, Number 44, Vincennes, Knox County, 12 December 1829 — Page 1
WESTERN SUN fe ENEIIAL ' A33YERT TSER
".Y KUHU STOUT. VLNCKNKKS, (1ND.) SATURDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1329 j Vol XX. .V 44-
THE WES TURN SUX
II ut so far as precedent gives authority the j moment, incur yny serious hazmd by appro-
IS published at &2 50 cents, for 52, num- j power in question is placed beyond dispute. ; priating to purposes ot education, a sum an crs ; which may be discharged by the pay- ! Appropriations have In en made by Congress j aOuily, lor a period of five years, with the re-
mo., r.r ; nt ... linn- . if i ' ir t i! ,i i ,r lor t. .undine: and sun not line the Academy at iscive tnat in case of w.ir it should be sus-
Payment in advance, being tlie mutual in- j West Point, the Columbian College in tie ; pended ? As a burthen, it would be uutcli iercst of both parties, that mode is solicited. ! District of Columbia, for the support of com- j by the people. An appropriation ot two or
A failure to notify a wis!; to discontinue at i rncwi schools in Alabama, Illinois, Indiana, the expiration of the time subscribed for, will J Missouri, Missisippi and other States or Ter be considered a new engagement ; no sub- i Tories, and other literary institutions scriber at liberty to discontinue, until all ar- Whether the appropriations were made in rcarages are paid Subscribers must pay the j money or lands, the mode ol appropriation postage on their papers when n.nt by mad. i not affect the question of power, ApLctteis by mail to the Editor on business j propriations in public lands to a great extent must be paid, or they will not be attended to. i huvc ,)ccn unavailing or the purposes of cd Produce will be received at the Cash "cation. If Congress has power according Market Price, for subscriptions, if delivered ! lotbe Constitution to appropriate public land within the year. I to lnc support of common schools, and other Advertisements not exceeding thirteen literary institutions, can it be doubted that it line 8s will be inserted three limes fur one dol- ' bas power to apply for the benefit ol the whole
lar, and twenty-five cents fur each after in- - people, the revenue trken directly from
scrtion longer ones in the same proportion.
- . :vtn lour millions annually for five years
would in all probability fall short of the surplus ol revenue for that period. The cry th t the public debt should first be paid is not the language ol bound discretion. Whav parent would not be spurned ior his cruelty in suffering his children to grow up in ignoranee until his debts were all paid? The policy would be as insane as that of him, who, threatened with death by disease, should de ier calling a fihjicuin until bis debts were all discharged.
Would tiie sum proposed answer a valua
til!
;b e purpose apportioned auionc. twelve mil-
pockets of the people, in a manner to promote ! lions o people t It apportioned tMoiriing to
LCT'Pcrsons sending Advertisements. CTnfist thc'v wollarc and especially "to seeuto the ; tbe ratio ot i epi esentaiiuii, the sum ol 2, 1 60,-
Oicssings ot liberty to themselves anu their "UU clonals would rive to each Conn essior.al
specify the number of times they wist. tm
inserted, or they will be continued until ord ered out, and must be paid for acc or..i!."-i ,
jLETTRilS TO G ONGlllisb, ON NATIONAL FREE SCIUOLS. LLTTIMl II
' posterity r If then Congress has power to provide for the erection of roads and cauali, lor the support of s Military Academy, devoted in fact , to general science as much as almost any
other institution, and for the support ofvari-
the estate. During the Revolutionary w Roger Morris, was an active partisan op posed to the struggle for independence, lo" which reason the state ot New York passu' a bill of attainder, by w hich the property himself and his wife was confiscated, am. thereafter vested in the State, and by ti. Slate sold. After the termination ol the war, it appealed that in 1758, when the n arriagc between Roger Morris and Mary Philipse was about to take place, a marriage sti tlcmcntwas made, the legal operation which was to give to Moms and his wih .. life estate in the prosperity, with a contingen remainder to their children so that the tainder of Morris and his wife attached up.w their lile estate only, and did not affect the interest of their children. The claims of the children therefore could not be asserted in u court of justice until the death of both parties, which did not occur until 1823 1 he
present plaintiiT, John Jacob Astor, purcha-
or twee that number ot teachers diirim- half
...0 ol thcytar. That sum, in aid of the efforts of the people, animated by the countenance of
ous institutions of a literary character, it may the Government of the United States, would
justly astonish the people ol the United j awaken a zeai in the cause of education not
Slates to he told thu Congress has not pt vt
ilit nriVj imp tiir thf1 r-t 1 .1 ! v ii.ifj'.. n! rn.-DniDr
. . . . . . . . i .i.. ........ ....... ..... . . ' t . i i
Mile iJioowcu, me i cm ( ut huki naiuiauy r , , . , .11 1 i . ,1 ,.f t 1 t c , , ,.. .,, , A free sc'iiote, ot whose blessings t he humblest ; ami or muMable enterprise worthy of the rank nrrscnts itse r. V nether Loniricss is vested! . i . . .
scd the claim ol the children, and upon tfie
Di&tiict I o,uoo dollars would support in each i death A Mrs. Morris instituted a suit for the
congressional disti ict t u cnty live Teachers ! recovery ot the proper ty. Upon this mar
ot Grammar Schools, during ;he whole year,
Having in the preceding letter offered remarks to prove the importance of the mea-
o be repressed. and promiiing an advance
j M.ctit ot tie interests of public improvement,
fo the candid an argument further pro-
Wit b
by the Constitution with power to establish
iNationai rrcc ocnoo st '..it.. , , , . . , , r , tt tracted, I trust, would be needless.
. t, , others it would be useless, mtcd States have declared n tobe the great . . , . . .. c , . b. ! So strongly did this subject press upon the object or the government 1 hey have mtitu . , r u 1 . t 1 i , . J ... , riMisidernt'on ol Presidents jotie'son and ted, u to ftromote the general wellare and $e- 1 ,, , . , , , , ' , ..,?, , , i M-uiion. rlr.it tnev recommended, provided cw e the blessings of liberty to themselves and , , , , , , . ' , , . . ,. i Cong ess should doubt Its power to make ap their posterity . f , . , J, . ' v . ,, . . nron-rati'uis tor purposes i education, anallo common sense it would beem to be an'- . . .-. . . . ;ir
iitrrni'Mi m uic vtuis1 uui Hill u lemovcjaii Mcubt !)ut every scssioti of Congress by ' lv Tintro t f nn.i Inarms nrt;. lurnis(ip
1 1 !iit nttpct irti jf ritt-' m tnrli r m i- r t
to adopt measures which alt must ju.nit to , , 1 1 . . . 'lietMeu. be essential to these objects Can 1: b- de i ' ' r r, 4 . , . . . , , . ' . . , , , I he power ot (,ngre to erect roads and med that the reneral dinusion ot Knowledge 11 11 .
1 . f i v - n n 'jvtu wipuov-'i it 1 1 1 1 v. u : c v V' if t-3 OwCPflll't hk 111 hUHPM'!"fWl 1 1 r r t 1: t 1 k ,f
jainong nation to which, as a nation, we as-
e.
ith.-ut
insult to con. end that the 'power, 4 'o pro mote the gen ral welfare and secure ihe bies
ings of liberty," do-, s not include ' e .vcr ;
n intelligent population, let
jur stutcsTiu.i remember that the anticipated benefits to result ft om plans of internal improvement can never be realized The world has given sutlicitnt proof that the greatest advantages for the acquisition of wealth and power, without intelligence and virtue among the people , became the mere instruments of national degradation and- wretchedness It would be infinitely better that the proudest project of roads and canals should utterly tail, than that any considerable portion of the people of this country should be neglected and degraded as they must be in a state of ignorance.
ment like ovrs, immediately depending on
! P
?
nust y, en
rnibiic opinion
An elective government like ours ever bt character ized by wisdom oi f:!
ergy or imbecility, purity or corrupli u, ac cording as public opinion, tnat is, the opinion of the great body of the people is enlighten ed or unenlightened, d 'based or eieVa t.ilThat the Constitution oi the United States
P'r' for ; the general welfare." They ive vlenied that toads and canals would be conducive- to tho general welfare Thev have protested against the system of Interna! Improvement,'- as a system incapable of an ?nuita!!e appVjratioo. In the sbsence ol t;;e ,,,r' grounds of objection to the pro poHrsvstr-Mi of Vational Free Schools, the
1 h. . . 1.1.. 1 .. .1
C fAV m;fnuci' lu cxc,uuc J l,OVTCr W,1:VJ ' hnfe is lyny indulged that when this system
j -tircisc. 1
is essential 10 piooote uio ge ie. at u . v.,nniu L.arlnff ;hnl h.,Vf, vnn:,
. welfare and secure the blessings ot itoeny," ! thie considcratiAn, it will appear to be an ohh a supposition ent.relyinercd.b e. It woald . ect ,,,1, thc increasing surplus of the impute tors tramers either consumm ao ; revenue may be most satisfactorily weakness and inc ons.stency or a corrupt de- ; annicd. S P sign to cmbo ty in tte system the elemeius. ' 1 of its own dissolution. j LF.TTClt TIT.
Tliat those who framed the Constitution intended to leave exclusively to tne several States, the iower to make provision essential to the general wellate or to the very existence ol ihe whole Union, is surely an assumption tiaughi only with absurdity. Intelligent statesmen and ardent patriots such as they were, having encountered the thou sand artifices of the liri is!i government and a bloody war of eight years to reduce tl.cm '--"V to submission, aie not to hz obliged with the , folly of having set up a system so unworthy of their chat actcr. The Constitution lus not vested ()onr-css
'.I. .J..V ... . C . .
, 1 . . r , , ,.T . 'revenue and expcndiiiire of thc government
'isd by statesmen in differ nt sections ol thc j liut the object here proposed will noLre Jnuo ;s one not included in the power to quire thc abandonment of other improve-
ments. The diffusion of knowledge would
animate the people of this Republic to keep progios with the spit it of the age, and mote justly to app:cciate the advantages offered them in the measures proposed by their most enlightened staiemen. Intelligence is the element that imparts to the spirits of enterprise i's power to secure success. Expenditures of government for purposes of education instead of exhausting would replenish the national treasury, by opening ami biinging into use resources of weidth and piospeti-y yet either entirely or imperfectly known. It is intelligence that originates and prosecutes the great pursuits which successfully employ the iinustry of millions. It is due to some of our statesmen (to the Hon. James Strong of N Yotk and others) to mention that repeated and able efforts have been made to obtain thc passage of a bill ma king nppi o;riati n ol the proceeds ot the sale of public lands to the promotion of popular education. The efforts have been without success. The subject of thc public lands lias become one of the most complicated and vesati us that can be brought before Con
flic competency of the resources of t!isig'ess Such is its character that it cannot
government to patronize a system of Nation I fail to embarrass any cause connected with
al Free Schools is the subject of this letter. j it. It the nation must wait for the proceeds
According to the official estimate of the i of the sale of public lands to support a sys-
j If the forming of a national character, if ; to strengthen thc bonds of the Union and to (consummate the designs of the founders of Uhis Republic arc objects worthy of the reIgardof the statesmen and the pa'tiotland ; consistent with the spirit and trne mtj?ntjrf i the Constitution, then the question that natu-
raby arises is. Whether the resources ot this government are competent to establish an 1 patronize the proposed system ?
knowledge
for the tear IH'28, there was left in theTreas-
i) ... : . u. o.i, . .. : i:
' 1 'l' t 111' lire A I at n a ft. 1 O TO
. . . . . .. . j,,..,, ii. tatt.Tv.tjt,,,tibli,:i,. j
tion to tne ucc.arau m in me pieamoie, it nas ; expressly declared that Congress sh ail hav e power to provide for the general v. e!u.;c ol t'.ie United States " In an vmendtnet.t t tiie Coiiititutioii intended ' to p,rcvent misconstruction or a'otiseot its powers," it is declared the 44 Congress shall mike no la.v tc-
an csttna-
tcd hebmcc of more han five millionsof JMlat s In a short period of time thevvfilr public debr will have becit tlicharg'ufatiri
th
tcm of popular education, it is to be feared
that thc cause is entirely hopeless. Let,
therefore, thc proposed plan stand solely on the ground of its own merits, to be sustained
by the common will and the common resour ces of the country.
annual appropriation of ten millions of! After much reflection on thc subjects of m r . i . . . .-ii . i V ' . i. 1. 1 : .i -, i. i. .. i : . r . ,
dollars for that put pose will cease tobe re
quired. TTo complaint is heard among the
pei.pie, 'oat i tie tax tor tlie support ot the
specting an establishment ot Keligion, or pro- n , r . . , , , . . h , . , , , tineia! t lovert.trtcnt is severely burthen
hibiting the free exercise thereo! ; or abrid
ingthe freedom of speech, or of the picss." But not a clause is to be found either directly or indirectly prohibiting Congress thc power to establish Free Schools. The pow er to provide tow institutions for the d;tfuio.r of know ledge, the vital clement of a free
the public debts, the ordinary expenses of the
government, together with its engagements
to complete the national works to vvnich it
stands pledged. and the increasing resources
of the country, it may be assumed with comi
denre, that for the establishment and support
al present, a surplus amounting annually to ' of the institution here proposed, and appro-
soie It s cmstobe almost unfelt.
It he revenue shall continue to prosper as
ten or twelve millions ot dollars, will soon remain to be applied to some object, worthy we trust of this Republic, and devoted to her best interests Hv statesmen of forecast it is
people, would have been toe last to have been Mcyf.tX th,t a "cat reduction at the public ! g prohibited by the tramers ot h0 Constitution ; revcnne wo,lM hc l1cemcd umv?sc j or by the people who ratified it. f)f the rom,trv Kmergcneies may arise to o
priation of several millions of dollars annual
ly for five years might be made by this gov
crnment with the most perfect safety. No
(enactment could have stt onger claims to the ! gratitude of the w hole people. No measure
could scenic for thc Legislature of this Uni-
geneics may arise to on a fame more illustrious.
To a wide extent Congress has already , demand the whole revenue for purposes ofl My next will give the outline of a Plan fbr
exercised the power to erect roads and ca defence. An accumulation in the Treasury .establishing the piopesed system.
would be a temptation to prodigality intfce '
ly enjoyed by the different sections of thc U ; Government. Resources then ought to V
pais, thc benefits of which must be unecj ia'.
S. P.
would be a temptation to prodigality intfce- ' fiovernmert. Resources then oucht to e
a . t 11 m . k ...
nion. I tus tias been exercised avo.vcdiv as kept continually at thc disposal ol the Ciov an implied and constructive power, 44 to pro-: crnment to meet emergencies
mote tlie general wellare I he aclvoca'csi It 13 therefore proposed that two or more j day morning in ever ct the plaintiff As it for thc exercise of this power can tot, it is millions of dollars be condiiionaUu appropt i- j has excited a good deal of interest in the
fair to presume, co tsistentlv oppose thc ex-i ated during short periods of time for thc sup-j public mind,wc have pi epared the following 1 dience of the Paclus by which England
THE ASTOR CASE DECIDED.
This important trial was decided yester-
riagc settlement, the provisions of which vested a legal interest in the children, which no act of the parents could divest them of, tlie plaintiff grounded his case. Thc marriage settlement was proved to have been duly executed at the time it bears date, and judgeThompson decided that the forfeiture of the estate by reason of the attainder of Morris and his w ife, attached only upon their life estate, and that upon thc death of both parents theic was no local impediment to the children's coming into possession of the ptopcrty. It is proper to remark, that the present decision docs not necessarily determine the final issue of this case in favor of Mr. Astor, since by a compromise between himself and the State Legislature, five of the cases involving the same plea are to pe prosecuted to final judgrr.cn,, and if any three of them are decided in favor of the plaintiff, be is to receive from the State the sumc of i450,000,subject, however, to a deduction of j200, 000 in case it should be decided that he ought not to recover without paying for the buildings Sc permanent impiovcments made by the occupiers of the lands. The case now determined is to be taken up to the Supreme Ccurt of the
U. S. by a writ of error.
A. Y. Jour, of Com. Baltimore, Nov. 25. LATEST FROM ENGLAND By the arrival at Boston, of the packet ship Boston, Captain Mack ay, Iron Lrverpool, whence she sailed on the 23d ult Liverpool papers of that date, and London to the 22d iiave been received. 'Ihe East. Various particulars respecting the treaty ot Adrianople are detailed in the Pi usaian State Gazette. An article from Bucharest states that the Turkish cities on the left bank of the Danube are to be incorporated wits the Principalities, in which no Mahometans as possess landed property in Wallachia and Moldavia will be allowed 18 months. All thc islands at the mouth ot the Danube, it is said, are to be ceded to Russia. The main strength of the Russian army is to remain, it is affirmed, at Adrianople, and thioughout the strong holds between that place and the Danube The London Sun thinks there is something outrageously fi ighttut in thc treaty w bich has not y el been divulged. Great rejoicings accompanied with much military and religious pomp, took place at St Petcrsburgh, in consequence of the Russian victories and the 'glorious peace " on the 4th Oct. Thc Emperor-.is loading his generals with honors and rewards by means of titles and promotion. Count Diebitsch and Paskiewitsch are made Field MarshaU; Gens Nesseliode aid Woronzow are knighted. Sec Sec The Emperor has published a manilesto, congratula'ing his subjects on tho restoration of peace with the Porte, complimenting his army, and vindicating the course pursued In Russia in relation to the war. The Sultan has despatched orders from Constantinople to all the Pachaliks of thc Empire, to cease hostilities against the Russians, and to treat the Russian nation as one on the most friendly terms with the Porte.Thc inhabitants of Scrvia arc looking with much confidence for a public declaration put-rung them in possession of the rights stipulated for them b the treaty of Ackerman The Paris Constitutionncl of Oct. 16. says that the English and French Ambassadors 'have remonstrated against the treaty of Sept. 14. It adds that on the 19th, the Sultan had not sanctioned the treaty; and that Nicholas will probably modify the conditions preserved by his General. Onc circumstance might rekindle war in these cour. tries the disobe-
oreise of a power less doubtful as to thc pi in- port of pitr nage of National Free Schools, j abstract, from thc testimony and arguments
cip'cs ot its construction; a p .wvr toestab and in such manner that, in the event of war,
iish a system capable of diffusing with far the appropriation maybe suspended and apgr ater equality, to c.ery part of thi cxten- J plied to purposes of defence To the statessive country, thc most ben-ficent influence, man the question is submitted, Whether such without endangering any pv'i.ical right. disposition of the revenue would not be wiK n. 1 fledge, like the light ot heaven, is capa- j er and safer for the country than a permah!r of a dilfu-iven?ss more equally just and ! nent relinquishment of the duties by which
s 1! :tvy man any messing ever tt the dispo-i the n.vtmnal treasury 'snow supp;ed.
ilot civil government.
of counsel It appears thai in thc year 1 697,
a patent was granted by William the 3d, conveying to Adolpb Philipse a large lf$c
of land in thc present county of Putnam. the termination of a war.
died, leaving thc property to r rederick Philipse. by whom it was bequeathed to his chib
may profit, to annoy the Russians.
The papeis contain numerous extracts from foreign journals, detailing the usual
occurrences and arr angements accompanying
Locomotivk Some experiments on common road have been made with Anderson and James patent steam caniag , I ich
drcn in tail. Mary Philinsc, one of his chil
d:en, intermarried with KV.ger Moitis, who; performed at the rate H fifu itrs an hour.
Would this govet muci.t, at the present 1 became seized in fee simple of a portion of: it is supposed that on a Rail Road it should