Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 20, Number 6, Vincennes, Knox County, 21 March 1829 — Page 1

WESTERN SUM & GENERAL ADVERTISER

o BY ELIIIU STOUT. VINCENNES, (IND.) SATURDAY, MARCH 21, 1829. Vol. XX. No. 6.

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THE WESTERN SUN IS published at $2 50 cents, for 5 2 numiv'rs ; which may be discharged by the payment of 2 at the time of subscribing. Payment in advance, being the mutual interest of both parties, that mode is solicited. . A failure to notify a wish to discontinue at

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Hnesy will be inserted three times for one dol lar, and tvjcnty-Jive cents for each after in

nominal amount 6c the market price of the three per ce nt, stock. The adoption of the first resolution ottered by Mr. B. would probably sink the market price cf this stock one or two millions lower, by destroying its character ot perpetuity, and then the actual debt would be but forty-seven millions, But even at forty-nine millions, it

can be paid in four years, by applying the twelve millions, which will goto the principal and interest, to the principal alone, and raising the interest from accelerated sales of the public lands. This was what was intended by timely" 6c "judici'Aix" application of the means in the pveVof congress; words winch are borrowed from-tlte first message of president Washington to"congress, and enforced by the first and ablest of all the Secretaries of the Treasury, but which had never yet been acted upon by congress. At this part of his argument, Mr. Benton took the following bold positions. 1st. That one hundred millions of acres of land

! sold, near fory years ago, at an average of 0

cents per acre, as recommended by cen. Hanm-

sertion longer ones in the same proportion. ' ton, would have been worth sixty millions of doi-

trT-rcrsons sendimr Advertisements, must I lars to tlie people, by extinguishing twenty mil

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gage, it wouid be applicable to innumerable objects, and subject to annual appropriation by Congress. Its distribution would attract all eyes, and excite universal cupidity. It would draw deputations from chics, towns, and viliiages, trom companies and corporations, from counties, States, and districts, to the feet of the Federal Government all clamo-

ciple of abolition, there will be no balk about a lew articles, or a iew thousands of dollars, more or less. The benefit to agriculture and commerce would be great and immediate from this abolition. Free trade is their delight and clement, and this abolition of duties would set the half of our trade free. A few

cxampies will illustrate its benefit. We

rous for their share of the spoil, all neglect-. have a growing trade with France, of which ing their own business to obtain it, and all ; the chiet articles on our part are cotton and becoming less independent in proportion as , tobacco ; on her part, silks and wines. She they receive it, like the degenerate Romans, took from us last year seventy millions of who ceased to be free when tticy began to J pounds of cotton, and thirty thousand hogslook to the public granaries, intead of their J heads of tobacco. An abolition ol duties on own cribs, for a supply of corn. j silks and wines will increase our purchases oj I am for the abolition, because an annual ; those articles, and her purchases of our cotscramble on the floor of Congress lor ten ton and tobacco, and icouire a p-reat inrrpasf

specify the number of times they wish them inserted, or they will be continued, until ordered out, and must be paid for accordingly. Extract from Mr. Bf.ntov Speech, On his resolution on the Public Debt, the Sinking Fund, the Abolition of Duties, and the balances of Public Money in the hands ot the Hank of the United States: delivered in the Senate of the United States, January 6, IHZ'J. Resolved, That the 5th section of tho Sinking Fund act of 1817 ought to be so amended as to authorize the Commhsimiirs of that Fund to make purchases of the Public Debt, at its current market price, whenever, in their opinion, such purchases can be made beneficially for the interests of the Uiut' d States, and consistently with existing eng igt-ments. 1 '"hat the 4t!i section of the same act. which

authorizes a retention of two million of surplus j ally levied on account of the public debt, ought revenue in the Treasury, ought to be repealed ; ' to be abolished as soon as that debt was paid, and ami that the first section of the Sinking Fund act might be abolished, according to the present inof 1790, which diiects the whole of the surplus ; dications of the revenue, without diminishing the money in the Treasury to be applied to the pay- protection due to any branch of domestic indusment of the Public Debt, ought to be revived and , try, and with great advantage to the agriculture continued in force. I "d commerce of the cojiuitiy. :3d. That the Bank of the United States ought ; Mr. Benton went on to .say , that this resolution

lobe required to make a compensation to the presented a great questmnV) the consideration of

People ot the United urates, tor llie use ol tne : tue senate ana American people, ltwasaques-

Lulances of public money in its hands. 1 tion, in the decision of which, above all others,

4th. Thai a public debt is a public burthen, the vote ot the representative ought to be eovcr-

aud that the present debt of the United States is a ! ned by the will of the constituent. It was a nues-

burthen upon the People of the United States to 1 tion to the consideration of .vhich the attention of

the amount ot nore than htteen millions ot dol- ttie people ougnt to the waked up, aud waked up

lars per annum, from hich thev ouirht to be re- I iu time to know what their rein esentativtss, were

lieved as soon as possible, and mav be relieved about, before a final decision might be made to

in four years by a timely" and "judicious" ap- their prejudice. ith 'his .iew, he had brought

plication of the means within the power ot L on- forward the question at tae last session of con

lions of debt, and stopping the payment of forty

millions ot interest. 'Jd. That all the land sold by the Federal Government has not been worth one cent to the revenue ; the amount received from sales being swallowed up in expenses, or lost in interest upon the capital of land unsold, while paying interest upon the capital of the debt unpaid. 3d. That the sale of the. eighty millions of refuse laud to which his graduation bill was applicable, would raise, at an average of 25 cents per acre, 'JO millions of dollars in four years; the one half of which would pay the interest of the public debt, and the other half would give to all the neglected States their proportionate shares of the amount expended in the favoured states on works of internal improvement. Mr. Benton's 5th resolution related to the abolition of duties, and imported that duties to the

amount of the ten millions of dollars, now annu-

millions of dollars would fill our halls with bargains, combinations, intrigue, and corruption. The ctVect would be inevitable. Help my State to half a million, a-nd I will help

ot ships ior their transportation. The same

oi the West India trade. We have a great trade with these Islands ; the chief articles

on our part, beef, pork, flour, com, corn meal,

yours to another halt. A majority ot thcjwhisKcy, bacon, and lumber; and on hers, Members might meet beforehand, and divide j coffee and specie, of which they sent us last the whole among their own States. They j year forty millions of pounds of the former, might insert appropriations for Roads Vnd j and two millions two hundred thousand dolCanals in States whose Representatives k j lars of the latter. Our duly on cotTee is five nicd the constitutionality of such appropria- cents a pound, more then half of the first cost

tions, and thus subject them to the censure of the articles. Abolish it, and we shall take

double the quantity of coffee, and greatly increase our exports of provisions, and imports of specie. Mr. 13. had now finished ids exposition ot the reasons and policy of his resolutions. He had spoken to them all at once, but they could be discussed separately on the motion of any Senator: the vote, of course, wound be on each separate resolution.

ot their constituents lor not taking a snare while it was going. In this way, the Delegation of a State might be rendered obnoxious to their constituents, and broken down at home by a manoeuvre here. Is this fancy, or

is it fact ? exclaimed Mr. B. It it fact, audi

the history of our legislation proves if Within the last three years the manoeuvre was tried A bill came up from the House of Representatives with appropriations for internal improvement for a majority of the States, including some whose Delegations

Salt, cofTce, teas, linens, wines, silks, cocoa, almonds, currants, prunes, tiers, raisins,

could not vote for such objects. The bill j mace, cloves, nutmegs, cinnamon, cassia, passed through this Chamber and became a pepper, pimento, bristles, Spanish brown, law ; but the design against the members , acre, camphor, cayenne pepper, ginger, olive failed. A kindly feeling prevailed. The oil, olives, alum, corks, quicksilver, opium, yeas and nays were not called. The bill capers, worsted stuffs, nankeens, bolting went through without noise, and the obnoxi- cloths, quills, black bottles, demijohns, thread

ous voters were not pointed out to their coxi-1 Sc silk lace, cambrics, lawns, cashmere shawls

gross. 5th. That an abolition of duties, to the amount of the ten millions of dollars now annually levied on account of the Public Debt, ought to be made as soon as that debt is paid ; and may be made, according to the present indications of the revenue, v it liout diminishing the protection due to any branch ot domestic niunufactures, and with manifest advantage to the agriculture and commerce of the country. 6th. That the Committee of Finance be directed to prepare and bring in a bill to carry into effect tlie objects of the first and second of these res !utions The resolutions having been read, Mr. BENTON explained their nature and object, and advocated their adoption in a speech of about two hours, in which he entered very fully into the consideration of each resolution separately, and enforced the necessity and advantage of agreeing to them all. Mr. B. took up the 4th resolution, and read it : " That a public debt is a public burthen; that the present debt of the United States is a burthen upon the people of the United States to the amount of more than fifteen millions of dollars per annum ; that the people ought to be relieved from this burthen a soon as possible, and might be relieved from it in four years, by a timelu arid judicium application of the means in the power of Congress." He would not wate time upon the general propositi hi with which the resolution set out, al-

gress ; with this view he bnnght it forward now ; and for the same purpose he should bring it forward at the next session, if his resolu.ion was not adopted at tne present one. '1 he first clause of the resolution asserts that duties ought to be abolished to the amount often millions of dollars, the instant the public debt is paid off. 1 know there are many who think different)-, who are of opinion that the duties ought to be kept up, and the amount expended byCngress in works of internal improvement,; buVniy mind is clear and decisive in favor of thfe -abolition. There will be enough for internal improvement without these ten millions, which now go, not to that object, but to the public debt. I am for the iibolition, because I am opposed to all taxation not required for the necessary support ot the Government. I am aeainst raisimr nmncv by taxes, either for accumulation in the vaults of the Treasury, or for repartition among the People. What is attempted to be kept in the Treasury would be wasted: a partition could never b,j fairly made : a majority of the payers would never get back their own. The pockets of the People are the best treasuries which the Government can have for its spare revenue. TheytH the safest: for every citizen is the keeper otms own. They are the cheapest : for these keepefis have no salaries. They art the most beneficial : for they are the only treasuries of which the keeper may always use the contents without blame, and with profit to himself and the country.

1 am lor tlie abolition, becuase the sum is great

stituents. 1 his may be attempted again, upon a greater scale, and with a more determin ed intent, if ten millions arc to be annually divided out. I am for the abolition, because the annual division of ten millions of dollars would fill this Union with discord and violence. The division of money and property is tue fruitful source of discord throughout the world. It is the bane of partnerships, the rock on which the peace of families is split, and the signal for strife and contention amongst confederates and conquerors, So sung the poet of nature : " Friends now fast sworn, bear, Whose double bosoms seem but one heart to Who twine, as't were, in love inseparable,

Shall, within this hour, upon dissension of a

Break out to bitterest enmity,

Yes '. upon dissention of a farthing ! With

how much greater bitterness, then, must this enmity break out when the parties are sovereign communities, their passions inflamed by association, no common superior to decide between them, and individual shame lost in the mass of undistinguished multitudes !

gauze, ribbons, straw mats, Sc canton crape.

To which may be added stroud3 and blankets for tlie fur trade, not now made in the United States, and copper, tin, and brass ir plates and sheets, for manufacturers' use. Borough Ordinance. jiX ORDIX.iXCE to prevent Nuisances, and for other purposes. Sec. I. BL it ordained by the Truhtct of the Borough of Vincennesin Common Counril assembled, That if any person shall cast any ofTal, garbage, or other offensive matter, whether animal or vegetable, from their houses, garders or yards, into any public street.

doit,i or into any vacant lot, such person shall for-

thoug'i he knew there were many w ho disputed j in itself, and raised at still greater expense to the

that proposition; lie would go to the clause People. 1 he levy ot ten millions for the Govwhich asserted the annual amount of burthen i eminent costs upwards of fifteen millions to the

which this debt imposed upon the People to exceed fifteen millions of dollars, and prove it by a

statement as brief as it would be plain and mtel

People. It is a mistake of the present day, founded upon what was fact thirty years ago, to sup

pose that taxation by duties is tke cheapest way

l:git)ie. i tie annual amount paiu on uie cieui, oi levying money irom tne reopic. 1 ins was for tlie hist four years, averaged about twelve ! true when the average duties were seven and a millions of dollars, and he hoped that the pay- half per cent, and when the addition of that aments for the next 4 years would rather exceed. : mount to the value of the article made no sensitlian fail short of the same a erage. This would j ble addition to its cost. But all this is now cffiTngbe admitted to be a burthen to the amount ofied. The average duties are now 50 erfevnt.' twelve millions per annum, by all who admitted and this adds one half to the cost of the article ; that taxes were burthens. In the next place, i the merchant's profit is thirty-three and ahird

feitand pay the sum of two dollars for each

offence. Sec. 2. That whenever the Borough Constable shall discover, or be informed of any Nuisance in the streets, or vacant lots, whether the same may be caused by any offal, garbage, or offensive matter which may have

The last thing that any friend to the peace, been cast or placed there, or by any animal the harmony, the stability of the Union,! which may have died there, it shall be tho

would wish to see, would be an annual scram

ble on the floor of Congress for ten millions of dollars. Wc shall have heart-burnings enough in distributing the two or three millions of surplus revenue which will remain, without these ten millions, and Mn contending for the countless millions of aeries of the public land. I am for the abolition, because it will be

the means of restoring the harmony of this

duty ot the Constable to remove the same im

mediately; and that the Constable shall be entitled to demand and claim from the person who shall have caused such Nuisance, or owned such dead animal, a reasonable compensation for the time, labour and expense of removing the same; which compensation, if refused on demand, shall and may be recovered by the Constable, in an action of debt,

before any Magistrate within the Borough;

t'acke twelve millions were levied upon the eont.umptii n of foreign goods, the average duty on which was now fiftv per cent, upon which fifty

per cent, on this duty ot htty, and that adds a third more to it. Fees, salaries, and commissions are then paid besides to the revenue officers, to

the retail merchant had his profit, as well as up- i the annual amount of near nine hundred thou

en the rrst of the article. It w as all cost to , sand dollars more. The effect of all these per him. This profit mkht average 33 1-3 per cen- j cents, fees, and salaries, is. that it now costs the

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u;n, especially where the article went through j People nearly tw o dollars to raise oire dollar for

the Government, and this load is increased upon some, by the fact that smugglers, and dealers with smugglers, pay nothing. A levy of tw elve millions for the public debt now occasions a levy of mere than fifteen, and nearly seventeen millions, upon the People ; a rate of expaiic for collection out oi all proportion to the revenue

ees, and commissions, to the revenue officers. ; raised, exceeded in no country upon earth but iu

tue !i uuU ot several sellers. 1 Jus advance on twelve millions would be four millions, which, tog ; 'ther, made sixteen millions, and sustains the words of the resolution. But this is not all. A further expense attends the collection of these duties, to the amount of about nine hundred thousand dollars per annum more, in salaries.

t'hU also comes out of the pockets of the people, j

and contributes to swell, tar above the statement in the resolution, the annual but then which the people bear on account of the public debt.

That this dent can tie paid oil m tour years, by

England, and from which the People, in the lan

guage of the resolution, ought to be relieved as soon as possible. I am for the abolition, because the wield

ing of ten millions of surplus revenue would

a timely'' un "judical" application th.e da ously increasc the palronaKC cf thc means m the power ot congress, was a propO'Hi- T-. , , r,.,: .

pticl

nominal amount was fifty-eight millions; its real amount forty-nine millions, after deducting seven millions for tock in the United States' Bank, and two millions more for the difference between the

I mortgaged to the payment of the public debt,

and its application to that object being fixed and regular, involves the exercise of but lit tic patronage. Released from that mort-

Union, now greatly impaired by a Tariff, land if such owner, or person causing said

which sits hard upon the navigating and plan-: Nuisance cannot be found, such expense shall ting interests of the country. An abolition of , be paid by the Borough, on the affidavit of ten millions of duties will relieve these inters j thc Constable. csts, without injuring any other, and thu3 anj Sec. 3. Whenever the Constable shall disangry question will drop from our discus- cover, or be informed of any Nuisance causions, and a heavy cloud of discontent will sed by any dead animal, offal, garbage, or vanish from our horizon. ! other offensive matter, animal or vegetable, The last branch of this resolution declares existing in or upon any enclosed lot within that this abolition may be made, according to this Borough, it shall be his duty, immediatepresent indications of the revenue, without : ly to give notice to the occupant ; and if there detriment to domestic industry, and with should not be an occupant, then to the owner great advantage to agriculture Sc commerce. (of such lot, to remove such Nuisance within Ou this point my remarks will be few and , four hours; and if such occupant or owner, brief. They arc abridged, and almost super-) thus having notice, shall neglect to remove seded, by thc labors of thc last session. Tiisjsuch Nuisance, within such four hours, it subject, upon a resolution of my own, watt shall be thc duty of thc Constable to cause referred to thc committee of finance, twelve (the same to be removed, and such occupant months ago. That committee reported a list j or owner, shall forfeit and pay the sum of of 32 articles, estimated toyicld a revenue of ; three dollars for each offence, and also, tho seven and a quarter millions, on which thc j amount of reasonable compensation to such duties might be repealed without injury to j Constable for the time, labour, and expense domestic industry; seven other articles, j of giving notice, and removing such Nui-

whose product could not then be ascertained ; j sance; which compensation shall be rccoverand six more, on which thc drawback for the ed in the action brought for thc penalty aforc

last year exceeded the revenue, but which in a run of several years yield a considerable sum. This makes 45 articles, and to these I think about 15 more might be added. But I omit these fifteen. I take thc forty-five reported by the Committee, and say that they will yield thc ten millions in four years from this time. They yield a million and a half more now than was estimated by the Committee. Three of them alone exceed that estimate by eight hundred and thirty thousand dollars. But this is a detail, and a subordinate inquiry. If we agree in the rrcat nrin-

said, and in addition thereto.

Sec. 4. It shall not be lawful for any person to keep within this Borough more than one Log running at large, out of his enclosure; nor to permit more than one Dog to be kept so at large, by any person in or about his dwelling house, under the penalty cf one dollar for each Dog so by him kept, or permitted to be kept. Any person owning a bitch Dog, and permitting the same to run at large within this Borough, shall forfeit and pay thc sum of three dollar if she be in a

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