Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 20, Number 4, Vincennes, Knox County, 7 March 1829 — Page 1

WESTERN SUN & MfElBTiOiTj

BY ELIIIU STOUT. V1NCENNES, (IND.) SATURDAY, MARCH 7, 1829. Vol. XX. No. 4.

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IN SENATE OF THE UNITED S I ATES January 10, 1SJ9. MR. JOHNSON, r.f Kentucky made the following report : the Committee to whom was referred the several petitions on the subject of mails on the Sabbath, or the 1st day of the week, lit port: That some respite is required from the ordinary vocations of lite, is an established plinciple, sanctioned bv the usages of all nations, whether Christian or Pagan. One day in seven has also ?)ccn tk ternnm-d upon as ihe proportion of time ; and in oomiormity with the wishes of the great majority of citizens of this country, the fnt day of the week, commonly called Sunday, has been set apart for that object. The principle has received the sanction of the national legislature, r.o far as to admit a suspension of all public business cn that day, except in cases of absolute necessity, or c.f great public utility. Thl- principle, the committee would not wish to disturb. It kept within its legitimate sphere of action, no injury can res ilt from its observance, It should, however, be kept in mind, that the proper object of government is, to protect all persons in the enjoyment of their religious, as well r.s civil rights; an 1 not to determine for any, whether they shall esteem one day above another, or esteem all divs alike holy. We are aware, that a variety of sentiment exists amon the good citizens of tlu nation, on the jebject of he S abb uh day ; and our gov ernment is designe 1 fcr the protection of one, as much as for another. The Jews, w ho, in this country are r.s lV e as Christhns, and entitled to the i.ime protection from trie awe, derive their obligation to keep the Sabbath iUv from the fourth commandment of their decalogue, ar.d in conformity with that iujuuctk a, pay rtkd'-es homage to the seventh dav of the week, which wc call S iturday. One denomination ot christians among us, justly celebrated for thrir piety, and ceru.hdy as good citizen.? as any other cla?s, agree with the Jews m the moral obligation of the .rrabbath, and obrerve the same day. There are also many Ckri'tVms n:a-hg us who derive ia.t their obligation to observe tbe SaVv.th from the decalogues, but re-ard the J S ibbath as abrogated. 1,'roni the example of thu 's'-t!es of Christ, they iave ch'scri the rn st da ? ihv week, instead el" .ha! v t .-.part m the'dv - .' gue, :or their re!i- . ;ok)s devotions. Thcs- h.; e genondly regard-

its hounds. Among all the religious persecutions with which almost every page of modern history is stained, no victim ever suffered, but for the violatioiv'cf what government denominated the law of Golf. To prevent a similar train of evils in this country, the Constitution has wisely with-

held rrom our government tne power ot uenning

red toKrch

citizen, and while he respects the equal Rights

the Divine Lar. It is a right reserved to;

of others, he cannot be held amenable to ant 1 Ha

inan tribunal for his conclusions. VV Extensive religious combinations, to effect a political object, are in the opinion of the committee, always dangerous. The tirst effort of the kind, calls for the establishment of a principle, which, in the opinion of the committee, would lay the foundation for dangerous innovations upon the spirit of the Constitution, and upon the religious rights of the citizens. If admitted, it may be justly apprehended, that the future measures of government will be strongly marked, if not eventually controlled, by the same influence. All religious despotism commences by combination and influence; and when that influence begins to operate upon the political institutions of a country, the civil power soon bends under it; and the catastrophe of other nations furnishes an awful warning of the consequence.

Under the present regulations ol the Post

system could consistently end. If the ob-1 health, is evidently false: that Miguel, ever servance of a holy day becomes incorporated j since the 13th of December, has evidently dcin our institutions, shall we not fntbid the I dined; that he has sufTcred the most flightmovement of an army; prohibit an assault in ! ful convulsions; that the party of Miguel and time of war; and lay an injunction upon our ! the queen ate quarrelling about the foimatinaval officers to lie in the wind while upon on ot the new government; that the constituthe ocean on that day? Consistency would ! tionalists begin to take courage; and that a seem to require it. Nor is it certain that j part of the army is ready to declare in their we should stop here. If the principle is i lavor. once established, that religion, or religious! The inhabitants cf the island of Tcrceira observances, shall be interwoven with our have sent an address to the young queen of legislative acts, we must pursue it to its ulti-1 Portugal, to assure her of their loyalty, matum. We shall, if consistent, provide for j A letter from Gibraltar, says that the blockthe erection of edifices for the worship of adc of Tangicrs (by the Ikitish) still continthe Creator, and for the support of Christian : ucd. The Moorish government docs not aministers, if we believe such measures will ; grcc to the demands of the English. The promote the interest of Christianity. It is town remained in perfect tranquility, notthc settled conviction of the committee, that withstanding the menacing attitude of the

llriiish squadron.

Borough Ordinance.

the only method of avoiding these consequences, with their attendant train of evils, is to adhere strictly to the spirit of the Constitution, which regards the general government in no other litrht than that of a civil in-

stituiion, wholly destitute of religious au- 1X ORDIA'JA'CE concerning the Officers thority. j of the Borough of Vinctnncs. What other nations call religious tolcra-i Sec. 1. BE it ordained by the Trustees of

lion, we call religious rights. They are not the Borough cj Vine ennca in Common Counril

Office Department, the rights of conscience

: i - .1 l' . . . ' o r y

arc noi mvuueu. ivei y acni emcrs v.urun- ov P,ripH t v- m,,. A rmurrnmpnn inruil. '.ittpmA -ru ,u r , r . i. i

presumed conscientiously, , v !cej but as rights, of which government shall be elected by the Trustees, by ballot,

cannot deprive any portion of citizens, how- and that the person having a majority of balever small. Despotic power may invade lots, shall receive an appointment in writing,

those 1'ig-hTb.but justice still conlirms them. ; under the seal of the Chairman, and attested

tnmlir n.wl , f to

into the discharge of Ins duties, without iir

tcrmeddhng with the conscience of another. Post Offices arc so regulated, as that but a small proportion of the first day of the week is required to be occupied in official business. In the transportation of the mail on that day, no one agent is employed many hours. Religious persons enter into the business without violating their own consciences, or imposing any restraints upon others. Passengers in the mail stages are free to rest during the first day of the week, or to pursue their journeys at their own pleasure. While the mail is transported on Saturday, the Jew and the Sabbatarian may abstain from any agency in carrying it, from conscientious scruples. While it is transported on the first

day of the week, another class may abstain,;

from the same sciuples. The obligation ot government is the same to boUie. these classes; and the committee can discover no "1 ! 1 ? .1 t 1

Eet the natfpaal legislature once perform an by the Clerk, which appointment shall contact which invrm-es the decision of a religious nuc one year, and until a successor be cho-

controversy, and it will have passed its legi sen and qualified, and no longer.

timate bounds. 1 he precedent vvid then be j Sec. 2 1 hat before any person elected to established, and '-ho foundation laid for that any Borough ofiice, shall enter into the disusurpation of the Divine prerogative in this charge of the duties thereof, he shall give country, which has been the desolating bond as is hereinafter directed, and shall scourge to the fairest portions of the old nuke oath befoiesome Justice of the Peace, world. Oui constitution recognizes nooth- that he will faithfully discharge the du ies of er power than that of persuasion, for enforc Ids office and honestly account for, ai d, on ing religious observances. Eci the profes- demand pay over all moneys which may come sors of Christianity recommend their religion into Ids hands. The Borough Constable shall by deeds of benevolence by chtistianmeck. ( also, fui tlicr make oath, that without regard ness by lives of temperance and holiness, to persons, he will particularly exert himself Let them combine their efforts to instruct the to enfoice the Borough Ordinan' es, relative ignorant to relieve the widow and the or- j to the Streets, and to Nuisances. And the

phan to promulgate to the world the gospel i Mai ket Master also, that lie wi'l especially of their Saviour, lecommending itsv precepts : enfoice the Ordinances cenre-nir g the Mar-

principle on which the claims ot one should j by their habitual example; governrteiKMn ', ket, without any respect to p rsons, A ccr

(i the o! rvance ct tne .:,.v as a oc oki r.ai ex-

ercise, a::d woai l ;vt m:re re-.dily eiifoive it upon ( tliei s, t'.t.m t1 v would enforce secret prayer cr devout meditations. vghg tite fact, that ither their Lord no;- di-:ipie:s though often censured hv their accu-cr- lor a viol vlion of the S lo'rith, e er eni'.ined its observance, tlicy vend it as a subject otj which every person should fultv peru.Vdcd :a his ov. n o-ind, and not co.rco ot1 to 'v '. upon his pci vaasion. Many '.'. '.-tlao ; ain difiVr iVom tli?se, jn otesing to ..ct ixe their obligation t.) o'jberv e the fcabl)ath ; : the i ui th ci nun an a -neat of the Jewish de- , il-.ic, and bring th.e cx;i:nple efthe Apostles, ao appear U l.r.ve licld their public meetings :.r w ers'oip on the first d.:iy of the week, as auaovi'v for ::o far cliangtng the decalogue, as to substitute that day fa-the seventh. The Jewisli ,ve? nment w.ts a theccracy, whieh eniorced re'igiou ibservancea ; and though the eoaunittee A oabl hrn.'taat u r a tioa el the citizens of our wii.u y o.idd .ih ao ly i:ti educe a systeni of rc-il-tiuus i 'a in . ;ir institutions, tiu exani-nb-oi OvIk r 1 1 l '. i v. .-h'-vUl admonish us to watch ' ajvfa!'. .int its -tu i:e-t indication. 'i'h, a: di.'Vivia. b:as v ieu s, the com:a'ti . : ire o. vi..;o.u that Congress cannot interiv.: h i-. :,.t liie ivgitiaiate province cf the lc- ; ; !.;tat us ihtcr:n;;.e v. hat religion v.i true, or

N,-. tV.i t)o ei nnicnt is a civil, ar.vl not a ; , iaba"' , Our Constitution recorr.i-

: e--. ia even" person, the light to choose his own lei; -1 on, and to eajv-.y it freely, without molesta-

t'.on. Wli itever may be the rehgious sentiments (t cit'.etis, and hovvevt r valiant, they are alike ntiib'd t.m etectioi; frrai th.o gov evr.mei.t, so : . ;- ;is liiiv do not v. ade the ri;;hts of others. 't'he tvansportati:! of the mail on tliefirt day f v',.' .wt'ek.'it is l)elieved, dnes:ict interfere with :.ie viviits cf conscience. The petitioners for its .' ' Utiu'iance ap?ear to he actuated from a re- . b'o ::ral, wliieh mav be commendable if con-

l to its pr -per spliere; but they assume a po

, ..1

be more respected than those ot the oilier,

unless it should be admitted that the consciences of the minority ase less sacred than those of the maioritv. It is the opinion of the committee, that the subject should be i cgaided simply as a ejuestion of expediency, irrespective of its religious bearing In this light, it has hitherto been considered. Congress have never legislated upon the subject. It rests, as it ever has done, in the legal discretion of the Postmaster General, under the repeated refusals of Congress to discontinue the Sabbath mails. 1 1 is knowledge and judgment in all the concerns of that department, will not be questioned. His intense labors and assiduity have resulted in the highest improvement of every branch of his department. It is practised only on the gieat le-adMg-yJ routes, and such others as are necessary. to maintain their connexions To picveftothis, would, in the opinion of the committeebc productive of immense injury, both in all it

commercial, political, and in its moral bcar-

mgs. The various departments of government require, frequently in peace, always in war, the speediest intercourse with the remotest parts of the country; and one important object of the mail establishment is, to futnish the greatest and most economical facilities for such intercourse. The delay of the mails one day in seven, would require the employment of special expresses, at great expense, ami sometimes with great uncertainty. The commercial, manufacturing, and agricultural interests of our country are so intimately connected, as to require a constant and the most expeditious coi respondencbetwixt all our sea-ports, and betwixt tbrn and the most interior settlements. Th'eile lay of the mails during the Sunday, would give occasion to the employment of private expresses, to such an amount, that probably ten riders would be employed where one mail stage is now running on that day; thus

diverting the revenue ol that department in to another channel, and sinking the establish

find its ligitimate object in piotectinmVirt. tificate, that bond has been given as required,

It cannot oppose them, and they will ncU tTcTtr shall be endorsed by the Chan man upon the itsaid. 1 heir moral influence will th'fen do ; vvri. ten appointment ol every Officer, and the infinitely more to advance thefipintercst ! oath aloicsaid shall also be endorsed thereon, of religion, than any measures wVwch they j certified under the hand and seal of the Jusmay call on congress to enact. tice The petitioners do not complain of any in- Vrc. 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in fringeu.cnt upon their own ligh s. I hey cn- the sum of one thousand dollars; the Clerk joy all that christians ought to ask at the in t:.c sum of live bundled dollars; the Ashand of any government protection from all j sessor in the sum ol five hundred dollars; the molestation in the exercise ot their religious! Collector in the sum of one thousand dollars; sentiments. j the Borough Constable in the sum of five Jiesolcdj That the committee be dischar- j hundred dollars; and the Market Master o

ged from subject.

the further consideration of the

From Fiench fmfiers received by the Packet I'nfi Don Quixotic at A civ York.

the sum of one hundred dollars; and all o hcr ofiicers in such sums as the Board of Trustees., or tor want thereof, the Chairn an may older. The bond by ibis section requin d,

shall be excuted by the officer, and at least

;i n bvtter suited to an ecclesiastical than a u. -'iutticn. They appear, in many instances, t lay it d r.vn as an axiom, that the practice is a i:;laiicn cf the law ot tied Should Congress, in their legidative capacity, adopt the sentiment, A would establish the piinciple, that the Legisi ;tt.:e is a proper tribunal to determine what are ' i i s ci" God. h would involve a legislative i . i-.n in a lehg'mis cor.tt oversv; and on a point . which goal citizens may honestly differ in t b i i, w ithout disturbing the peace cf society, . r endangering its liberties. If this principle is in'rcd-.'.ued, it will be impossible to define

ment into a state of pusillanimity icoinTatible with the dignity of the governnvw. oj which it is a department. Passengers in the mail stages, if the nvajls arc not permitted to proceed on Sunday, will he expected to spend that day at i tavern upon the road, generally under circumstan ccs not friendly to devotion, and at an cxpense which many are but poorly abie to encounter. To obviate these difficultiesfrfiany will employ extra carriages for thcAkVonvcyance, and become the bearers of correspondence, as more expeditious than the mail. The stage proprietors will themselves often furnish the travellers with those means of conveyance; so that the effect will ultimately be only to stop the mail, while the vehicle which conveys it will continue, and its passengers become the special messengers for conveying a considerable proportion of what would otherwise constitute the contents of the mail. Nor can the committee discover where the

massacre at CRETE ! A Smyrna article : two good and sufficient securities, to be an-

ol December 2d states that the Tuiks have piovtelot the Chairman, shall be made paydclugcd the island of Crete with the blood ol able to the "Trustees of the Borough of VintlTe christians The mahomctans, persuaded cennes," and shall be, upon condition that that when there shall be no Cucjuks in the the edlicer, during his continuance in office, country, there will be no reason lorparat-1 shall faithfully discharge the duties of his ofing it trom the Ottoman dominion, have con- ficc; and that he, his heirs, executor or adceived the project of exterminating this race j ministraiors, will account for, and pay over of people, and in two days massacred from all moneys that may come into his hands as one thousand to twelve hundred people in the such officer, and will, at the expiration of his city ot Candia alone. Scarcely a sufficient ofiice, deliver up to the Clerk, all books or number of christians were left to eliavv thej papers belonging to his office. The bond oi carcasses of their dead countrymen to the the Treasurer shall be filed with the Clerk, sea. That being done, the unhappy wretch- ! and the bonds ot all other ofiicers shall be fi es who had been spared were assassinated. , led with the Tieasurer. At Sudc, at Spina Longa,at Retino, all who Sec. 4. Whenever any officer who shall be were not mahomctans wore put to the sword, intrusted with, or who shall have received inIt is said that this horrible massacre was to his possession any money belonging to perpetrated in consequence of a secret order , the iJorough, shall fail to pay over the same of the grand seignor, who has formed the : to the Tieasurer at the time lequircnf him project of extirpating cluistianity through- by any ordinance, or within ten dLJalfcr out his empire. ; t he- same shall be dermmded of him, tnVpcc The same article says, that the Muscovites of such officer shall be thereby vacafcur have now found the vulnerable point of Tur- new appointment may be made, and it sllall key, in the blockade of Constantinople. Hi- be the duty of the Chairman to put the bond therto health and abundance have feigned in of such olliccr immediately in suit, the Ottoman army; while hc Russian forces Sec. 5. All actions btought to recover any hav c been overtaken with famine and disease; penalty or forfeiture chimed by virtue of any but with the distresses and the vvarftsof fto- ordinance, shall be brought in the name of visions, produced by the blockade, conflatfTa- 'Thc Trustees of the Uctough of Vincennes,' tions, revolts, and anarchy may be c-xJuilVii debt, before some Justice of the Peace to take place in the capital of the Turkish J resident within the IJoiough. The Justice empire, as the three first mouths in the ycr, shall pay over all fines or penalties rccovcr1829 will prove. ; cd before him to the Borough Trcasur-- t great insurrection An article from! And the Constable and Market Master sliiJ ;

Corfu, December 12, S3s that Redschid Pa-1 be iespcctiel) entitled to charge and HrMuVp cha, of Janina, having been called to Constan-1 from the Treasurer, as part of their respectinople, to advise on the measures of prcscr- tive accounts, the sum ol one dollar for each ving the Giecian provinces, a vast insurrec- penalty paid into the Treasury, and which tion had biokenoutin his teiritory. All Eto- may have been recovered in any action proslia, Acarnania, the mountanious country of ecuted by them respectively, loer.fcice any Thessaly, and Pindus, as far as Ochris, are j ordinance. inarms. x O j Passed 1 5th November, 1 823. The Albanian mahomctans have iiked j J C.S HARRISON, CVr:. themselves to the malcontents, It is thdT;"i?r- Attest Sa.ml Hill, CaV.

that this movement may have important con-

Portugal. Au extract of a private letter from Lisbon, December 20, states, that the 55th bulletin of the king's, Miguel's health, published that day, giving a favourable account of the sutc cf Don Miguel's

J.VORDI.Vji.VCE concerning the Market. Sec. 1. UL it crdaincd by the Trustees zj the Borough of Vtncennesin Ccmrr.on Cut.?:cil aervbled That a Market shall be holder on Wednesdays and Saturdavs of each vcck; on the Maiket square, to commence at day light, and to continue until mac o'clock, a..