Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 19, Number 46, Vincennes, Knox County, 20 December 1828 — Page 2

Great Britain as it bears upon our interests. It excludes, with interdicting duties, all im portation, (except in time of approaching famine) of the great staple productions of our middle and western states; it proscribes with equal rigor, the bulkier lumber and live stock of the same portion, and also of the northern and eastern part of the Union. It refuses eYen the rice of the outh, unless aggravated rith a charge of duty upon the northern carrier Who brings it to them But the cotton indispcnsible for their looms they will receive almost duty free, to weave it into a fabric for Our own wear, to the destruction of our own

manufactures, which they arc enabled thus to

liudersel Is the self protecting energy of

this nation so helpless that there exists, in the political institutions of our country, no power to counteract the bias of this foreign tegis lation ? That the growers of grain must submit to this exclusion from the foreign mar

kets of their produce ; that the shippers must

dismantle their ships, the trade of the north - Stagnate oh the wharves, and the manufacturers starve at their looms, while the whole people shall pay tribute to foreign industry, to be clad in a foreign garb ; that the congress of the Union are impotent to restore the balance in favor of native industry destroyed by the statutes of another realm? More just and more generous sentiments, will, I trust prevail II the taritY adopted at the last session of congress shall be found by experience to bear oppressively upon the intciests of a riy one section of the Union, it ought to be, and I cannot doubt will be, so modified as to alleviate its burden To the voice of just complaint from any portion of their constituents, the representatives of the States and people will never turn away their ears But so long a3 the duty of the foreign shall operate only as a bounty upon the domestic articles while the planter, and the men hant, and the shepherd, and the husbandman shall be found thriving in their occupations, under the duties imposed for the protection of domestic manufactures, thev will not repine at the pros perity shared with themselves by their fellow citizens of other professions nor denounce, as violations of the constitution, the deliberate acts of Congress to shield from the wrongs of foreign laws the native industry of the Union. While the tariff of the last session of Congress was a subject of legislative deliberation, it was foretold by some of its op posers that one of its necessary consequences "ivould be to impair the revenue, it is vet

too soon to pronounce, with conh lcnce, that

laturcs of one or more statC3, in moments of excitement, been instiga ed tbthta conflict

and the means 6t effecting this impulse have

been allegations that the acts of congress to

be resisted weie unconstitutional. '1 he neo-

pie of no one state have ever delegated to their legislature the power of pronouncing an act of congress unconstitutional ; but they have delegated to them powers, by the exercise of which the execution of the iaws of congress within the state may be resisted. If we suppose the case ol such conflicting legislation sus ained by the corresponding executive and judicial authorities, patriotism U philanthropy tuin their eyes from the condition in which the paitics would be placed, and fiotn that o!

the people of both, which must be its victim The reports from the secretary ol war, k ftom the various suhordinue edkci of the resort of that department, preset a an exposition of the public a 'ministration of a flairs connected with them, through the course ol the current year. The ntcsent state of the

sums which may be necessary to complete j the navy. Arrangements have bren made fcr them. In a second, the works projected by j the pieservation ol the live oak timber gic wthc boaid of enginecis, w hich have not bem J ing on the lands of the United States, and lor commenced, and the estimate of their cost, jits reproduction to supply at fmuic and disInn thiid, the report of the annual board of j j tarn days the waste of that most valuable mavisitcrs, at the military academy at West ; teiial for ship building, by the great conjoint. For thirteen fortifications elected on - sumption of it yearly for the commercial as

vaiious points of our Atlantic coast rom ; wcl as lor ilm niiiiit v nnnr.n .r ... .....

- i inuiiiik ui uui l mn :i v.

I" i - - . J

Hhode-Island to Louisiana, the aggregate ex-

-The constiucti'jn id the two diy decks at

penditurc of the year has fallen a little short s Chailcstoun and at Noifolk, is making satisof one million of dollars. : facioiy piogress towards a durable cstablishFor the preparation of five additional re- ; rnent. The examinations and inquiries to is-

ports ol rcconnoisanecs and sutviys since the j ccitiin the practicability and expediency of a last session of congress. or the i ivii eonstmc ; marine lailway at Pensacola, though not vet tions upon thirty seven different public works ; accomplished, have been postponed but to'bc commenced, eight others lor which specific the more eff ctuaily made. 'J he navy yards appropi lutions have been made l y acts of j cf the Unite d States have been examined, and congtess, and twenty oiher incipient surveys; plans fur their improvement, and the prcscrunder the aeilhmity given by the act of ihe vatic-n of the public propeitv therein at SGth April, 1824, about one milium mote ol Portsmouth, Chat lestown, " Philadelphia dollar have been drawn from the tieatu:y. 'Washington, and Gcspcrt ; and to which '1 o tlu se t u o oiiliions ol dollars arc to he ;io othe: s ai e to be added, have been pi cparadded the approm iatinu ol t w : hund: cd and ' ed, ai d received tnv sr!.rinn -nr? r.

e. .1.. l!...M - . . I- c . " ' . . ' , -ivi i.u uuivi

army, cc me ensit iouuon oimetmce oi vvnicn til,v tm.usaud tl.dluis, to commence the euc tm::;on oi tr,v iiuW.'ir fimirc nc .r.

it is composed, will oc seen from the tenorutn-n a o enk writer i . r 1 1 f i-.n n .o it,,. 1 n. d w .,. 1 . ..

I)l.

tn ois Mtioti t!."re si; pi "pi iai d hr light ho

oi me major general, several a.tci allots lit the disposal ot the treops have been hund expedient in the coutse of 'he v ear, ami tin. discipline ol the atmy-tho' not entirely ftee from exception, has been generally good. The attention of rongtcss is paitiadar y invited to that pait ol Hie report of tin sece tary of war winch concerns the exiting yle:u r;f our relations with the Indian tub; s At ;.".e establishment of Hie federal goetn nr .t, under the present consti' uticti ol i!k U Slates, the principle was adopted of considerinj them as foteignat d indepeident powers; and also as propi ictot s cl laic's '1 hey wctc, moreover, cousidcied oi savage.s. whom it was our policy and our hi'.y to um our inf.uence in convening to eh is'ianiu , & in biinging within the pale of ciuiza;i(.n Aindependent powers, we negotiate I with thin, by treaties; as propi ietot s, ue ;urchasidof them all the lands which we cou'dptcvaii upon them to sell; as het!.,cn ol the human race, rude and ignorant, wc cnicavond to bring them to the knowledge of cligi-;n and of letters. The ultimate dtsigr was to incorporate in our own institutionsthat portion of them which could he com crtcto the state of civilization In the practice d Kuiopcan states, before our revolution, tley had been considered as children to be governed; as tenants at discretion, to be dispossesses as

r- r- 'tun .1 n- irvi.f . , ...... . i. .. . I i. )

wv.c..,.,., i.u.n. mmiH i;;-, ooi!Tei, io lie j lireaf.y exix i

tnaemntneu by timing c;mCcsioiis f r removal from the gnmnds upon uiiicl theis e;aoe

vtus cr.tirpa'.cd. In changing the svs'ein, ii

u e cl vi ,i a more imim-itp rnnviriln i

w VUIMIL1IWII J I 11

ivvare nvet: the Miljsct Hiti:iis to the ' nnnmtance io ti.e Intitm m-pII'.w. .

l.'elanaii- and t?iiet:ipe::ke, the Lruisvilie h ' d the Ui.ioii. Poniard, i he l)isr.; al h;unj) ai d the Chea With thcrcpoit from ihe postmaster renpiake at.d Ohio cvnaU ; the iaige donations j errd. is exhibited a comparative view otthc ol latids to the s'a'es of Ohio, Indiana. 111 ; gr: dual incieasc of that establishment, fior nets ad Alabama, for objects of improve I five '.o 55 years, since 1792 till this time in

ales, and the sums ap ( M;t- number of pest i mccs. which hasgjown uv-, I. mov s ui d ; ins, i firm less than two hundi cd to nmrlr t

-Ji th. eoas!, Sc a bid iew v. ii: !. taken ol 1 e . li'Mr.atu! ; in the revenue Yielded hv rhem

te nat on in i ne ar:! !c;itn.n vvnicn. irom mk!v cri rr ii.,n. .i

ot its requires to th-j in. pi ov e:m m ol its ; i -s swollen to u j.u ai ds of a million and a half "w"cwmirp;n. lard in the number ,; miles of ,wt m,,!,'

wl.i h, f.om fixe thousand six hundud and

O! ti icse gieat te-'ional un:!rrta!.ii gs, i!ie academy at Wesi Pciut ii v.mi.r.g the most iuip.n iani it; elf, r.t.d the most oo.pi el;t nshe m its c i.st quei. e. In that institution, a ( an ol the icven tie oi the. nation isapp'iid tn defi iy tl.r expense of com athu; a competent

t he

f'-ny two. have n.ultiplied 'o one fundi cd and f. in teen thouvynd five hundred and thirty six. Whik,in the same nciiod of time, the population o! thi U,den has Lhcut tin ire doubled, the rate o! inciease cf these cfliccs is neailv

Hni?n nci vo!ti:i, e.iilv to the ki-ow In iertv. iivh! o thf tr,,r, ..r ,.

.....i )...:.. r . . ' ... .. .' ' . v e.i iiaxeuca

-mu tin-. .i.-s o; iniiitaiy itie it is I ;i c 1 1 :i . f atmoiv of t!;e nation. While the othe;'

this prediction was erroneous. Theobstruc- . would seen), as if a lull eontemnfuii.n e; the

tion of one avenue of trade not unfi

opens an issue to anotner. i ne conseqtu

ecjucntly

sec

t:c: 'Micnces the n c !avc been

iisjiion

ege ha f more

voi ks r.l irnpnneirent enun,.' rated in the ic ports now pttM tited m t:.( iituntion of con gnss, ate destined to an.rli.'.uate the face ol nt.tuii ; to mtipiply il -e fucdities of commn oicaiivn i;etv einii e difi". r. m pans oM he Unio?; to asstu the labots. iiu u ase ti e ( om forts ui.d inliai te the enjoy n-c r.?s of it.divid m.ls the insn m tion acquit t cl at West Point enlarges the dominion and ep;mds the capa cities of the mind lis beneficial lesults ate

net. d in the con-position ol the

army, and then influence is feit in the ir.tel iecinal piogie-sol so.-iitv. The ii.siiiution is siis eptihie still ;f gter.ter impioven.ent

irom hei.clactiuiis picros-d hvsi-vnml snr

cessive boaulsnf visions, to whose earnest t-

d not I.m 1 1; f

sucic-.'r.'.ii inliepcaud u i omn.cndations leluetfullv

lard's, tbari in in; :r-'nv r, w.

dt!

of the tariff will be to i fiercest1 the e pen lei-

UUM'. "Hn ne iiiipouauon n M,mc; xuy; to men the pi mriples, or in pin- :; thetn ! W ith the usual at.nu,! reports fiom the e anecific articles Rut. hv t hr rrpnr,-l .r ,,f o , I 11 llM- c

r , , . - - ' .nu lutMiimi i.ni ni r.hom- ! ct ctai v o

"" mucasuicsuiidiiDiioi one arucic j pnalmg to ourselves their !:im:in.Avill be followed bv an increased

ot otners, tne uuties upon which will supply i of providin- them v;ih 'ub-d-inrt fhii HiifitMnnriOQ It- hir I t I.r. ,1. .- . . i

itv. .iv-ii, ivuiko. iiiv-ji iu- uiuiui:t;ii:u u!por ! vvnen u e have h..d th i ,,' ' m . .! (

lation wouta otnerwise occasion. he em

of mvfti,n ii iiin rnnnnnn - .a r f . 1 O . C

seen with ccrtaintv. It must abide th. test nil a ,,.., r , I . "!, CNrt lHlon

, -wv. luullu I II V I 1 I I i ' 1 i i ! i ; ! 1 . I I . l!l:tl'ilfcl . titi I I t I 1 ir t f.f. t ML !.. ... .1

I " : , . i;ti "till 111

experience. As yet, no symptoms of diminution are perceptible n the receipts of the treasury. As vet, little addition of cost has even been experienced upon the aniclcsburthened with heavier duties by the last tariff. The domestic manufacturer supplies the same, or a kindred article at a diminished price, and the consumer pays the same tribute to the labour of his own countrymen, which he mu3t otherwise have paid to foreign industry and toil The tariff of the last session, was, in its details, not acceptable to the great interests ol any portion of the Unio'i. not even to the interest which it was specially intended to subserve. Its object was to balance the burdens

Upon native industry, imposed by the opera

nry and the hoard of con. mis

in -m :!s, j sioni t s. will be exhibit i d -in th vinu .A

':.IlITrvTll --'-'rr.. 1 - 1 . ... I . ........ t, - k

uit: oNetuuon oi 1 1 ) e laws i elMing to department ol ihe public service. The

s tmio o ! i i p:c;,iMi of i,ii :,r in ihi- Wn t 1,,(liin o,.,i

eftect I teaching them the ails oi ci , ni .rf.io!:, and th, ' 10 the f.eenland sias. has been rflVrt.mlU-

v lit "Xl'.i ! , '.ir.fi.1. WOli sr : in k nnv c v . i,,;,.

j e , , .. . . 1 ! - - - 7 " V , I M I H 1 . A.J u

lounu mem lormmg, i,: u , ,..

selves, communities ciatmmg to be iudet en- I ITuenos Avrcs and R.ii. f. rriit.

cent of ours, and -ivn!s d sov treig..iy uihinbetwcen the beliig. rem' acts of powtrand the the territories ot the ir.emhci-i. rd' ! :",,!,.. ......... i .

....... .,w. , , i, , vii ii, i u ino ui i '. x i ii ,1 1 w t : I h 1 1 : f r . iin iiiim i ,

" l 111 U U 1j idock.,(.'es, i: re-.; u:a: ly enlisted or

and the pioprny of lioti

this state of thines reqtMies that a remedy should he provided A ie:?.edv which, whlie

u sua. i uo justice to thoe md-irtunatc chil

drcn of nature, may secure to the mcmbc: s j p:u: dei ed m der le-al pretv nc t 1 our confederation tlu ir rights ofsovxu-.ign Lr.-, ncvei separable' from the c

n g h t s o rem ions

impressed seamen.

i si ( ommcrcc scizt o w r h odi ;w -i- nt.1 mm,

t s. are disoi d

ty and of soil. As the outline: ol n nriiirn

that effect, the views pirscnled in tliercpoit of the secretary of war, arc recommended to the consideration of congress The report from the engineer d. potmcnt presents a ccunjn elu tisive view- oj the pu. gross which has been made in the gie:,l s s tern promotive ot the public interest, com-

menccd and organized under the authoi iiv o!

i r i- i .i

um, oi loreign iaws ; uui not to aggrevate tne ; congress and the efficts of which haw ah eabmdensof one section of the Union, by Uicjdv contiibutcd to the sccuiity, as thev win relief attorded to another. To the great prim I hereafter largelv contribute to the ht-ior a; d ciplc sanctioned by that act. one of those up I dignity of the nation. on which the constitution itself was formed,! The first of these great systems is that c t I hope and trust the authorities of the Union fortifications, commenced immediately after will adhere. But if any of the duties impos-jthc close of our last war, under the saiutarv

"w v.vvv,.,,, iiuiti ui iiijnuiueiuicroy ; experience which the events of that ur h-d

impressed upon our countrymen of its nect s sity Introduced under the auspices of my immediate predecessor, it has been cc-mium d with the persevering ard liberal en :ou, Dlr(; mcnt of the legislature; and combined with corresponding exertions for the giadnal incease 5c improvement f the navy, prepares for our extensive country a condition of defence adapted to any critical cmcnjcncv

n.i.os, tion, twenty to twenty five for me I he incicase of icvei uc, within the last five yiars, has Ltenncaily equal to the whole revenue ol the department in 1812. 1 he expendiiuresof the department, during tic yeai which ended on the first of July last, bav. escetded the receipts b a sun. of about twenty. five thousand collars The excess has b en oceasionincd by the increase of mail conveyances and facilities, to the extent of near cght hundicd thousand miles It has been suppliid by collections from the postmasters of the anearagesof preceding years. While the cornet principle seems to'be, that the increase levied by the deparlmcm should defi ay all its ex pi uses, it has never been ihe policy of this government to raise from this stablishmrnt any revenue to be applied to any other purposes The suggestion of the postmaster general, that the insurance of the afe ttatismiss'u n of moneys by the mail might be assumed by the department, for a moderate and competent 1 enunciation, will deserve the consideration of congress A report from the commissioner of the public bui. dings in this ci'y exhibits the expendi- ' tires upon the m in the couise of the cunent year. It wi'l be seen that the humane awl hr.

pove.nments id j ncvolem intentions ot c ngrcss in providirr.

ny the act of May , 1826, for ihe erection of a penitentia.y in this district, have been ac(ornpbshed The uihoiity of further legislation is now required for the rrmovaho this tenen.ent of the offmders against the 'aws, senttneed to atone by personal confinement lor their ciimes, and to piovide a coch for

tncir employment and goveinmcnt while thus

i fliCt of wars

upon the u can. With a ponim d them, the cot fint d. 3 conepd.dence of cm commn.ders on the j 'ihe Commissioners appointed conforms extern aspect of the South Ame.ican coast . blc to the Act ot 2d AlaiilflsTz to pS TUi ;""'l'.lhc1,s!a,ll,s H Ci,lt( cliscovet forthe adjuslnent ol chdns of pi rsons ei T.u. w iar wt iunc been mvohed. In iUbc tlx t It d to ir.dcmi ification nnr',, .u ' r.. . . A ......

honor of our rm.m-iy and the lights of our ci . i ..."

uzei.3 nave ne. n asseited & vmdicat d Thi

,...v, ...uMiuiindiiun unctri hi tuvt Amu

I , .... - ill llliw the i natv l Gi.rot m.i f,.r.n ,i- .

v. nit iiu. uiauiou-

tion an.ot.f sucii

;,! ;!r;-.m-.r r, um!,,.., ,n ihe M. di!( r :,y xU (inurnmoi. ,.f G,,a, Britin under i.u.wilc !l,c d...,,;..-,-ol .,!!,! l,bU( k s t!-.( .vLltlnii hi.Msi.n the 3'lth ..( Auqust last iK vcoin of ciumwu-c, ami the i.ic. hy .,1 !v aan:ii.ir llu claim..!!!, .1,. i '

- - - wLJftii j i i i r:

aggravating the burden of the planter, let a

carctul revisal ot its provisions, enlightened by the practical experience of its cflccts, be directed to retain those which impait protection to native industry, and remove or supply tlie place of those vhi-;h only alcviate one great national interest by the "depress ol another. The United States of America, and the people of every state of which thev aic

composed, are each of them sovereign pow i'i i . ? i -i ... V

crs

npuseu,are au., u,em sovereign pow-. which the varying com se of cents may brit- , 1 he legislative authority ol the whole forth. Our advances in the.e conceited s s" exercised by congress, under authority ! terns have, lor the last ten years, been steady mtcd tlicm in the common const union a,J nrnr,t;..n. :.. '

grantc

I . : . . .

;t en n" iiiw n n I,..... ... .1... . 'i

the suggestions repeated in the upon of the secretary of the na y, and tt ;,dii.g to the permanent imptovemet.t ot this ii.stitm'mn, I it.He (he favorable ccnsidei ution ol cot n ss. A resolution of the In.ue o!' upicsema live itfpiesting that one ol oui smdi public vessels sl.ouk! te scut to the P.c fie oiean h South sea. to examine the e oasts, inlands, bar bouts, shoals, and reels in those seas, and to ascertain their situation aid description, hi-.s been put in a ti aiu of execution. '1 he vessel is nearly ready to depan; ihe successful ac complishment of the expidiiion nay be gieatly acceleiated by suitable legislative

provisions; and particularly by an appiopri

mn.ion e.i.t hunched and ninety ?evcn thousand Sour hni.diedard twenty two dollars and e ighteen cr.'s; leaving a balance of seven h. usand five hundred and tl iuv seven dnl-

! .atsaiMleighty two cents, which wasdisttih.

uud ,atab:y ami ngst all the c-aimants to whom awards had been made, according to tl e ditectif ns o the Act '1 he exhibits ap t ended o the reports from the commissioner of the general land office, picsent the artmd eorditir n of that crmmon propeny ol the Union. The an oum paid in'o the tteasury lion the proceeds of lards, doting the year 8Z7 aid the fust half of 1828, falls little short of two miliirns of dnl.

Jars. The n'cnrietv of funhf i pviPr,i;r.L.

mi, iii,. 'i iv i,i ' .iiiii ill " b a... . . .

1 he ICRislative pmver ol each state exer- will be so completed as to leave r,o a.e fo ciseil by assemblies ilc. ivinj; then- authority apprehension that our sea c.nst will ever afrom the constitution of the state. Kadi is ; sai offer a theatre of hostile inv-.in-, sovemsn -hm lis own province. The .lis The e.Nt cl thrse c.yr,!inal iiut'-iuic's or ,.. r.boiiotiofpowerhetucen then, presupposes licy, is U,e preliminary to r,e,t ard bs- ,.c that these authorities will nmvp in lvn,nn,. 1 i. r 1 " vl ' ,b " b

yv,tl.cach other. The members o fcu f, 131''' " rWXti T i" "'C oh!"U,r-''" "nf.i.y ,.k ac, ami e. oeral ,o,ornm.-,. nr.. ,M . .... !. . ' .V" V""' " fr "t.co,lrsc ""ls- c"'i:' C 3.1 Maich, I8S7, lor the iMad-

to suid .r. ho,.,, ami a le,iae.. , ,T Z n " I . r . : ........ .11 " " a I o, the obstructs I .,,1 in.provemcn, of the ,aM of ,lu- Unit

r, mi. , in 1 1 i i 3 i'.iiu 'lUiuot s, nri

a on to elefiay us neeessa, y ex pense. The time for the exfmpuishn ent of the d. f t duo adni.inn ol a second and perhaps a thi. d ves-tothe United State, bv the nmrl,,,

set. ui;h a slight aggravation of the cost, I public lands, limited, bv ti e act of Would rnn'i i!,i mnrli c.f..... l .1 . ! , . . . . . wl 5k

. . niu suuij ui wic j .viarcn last, to tne fomth of July nct wV citizens embatked on this undertaking, the j claim the consideration of co, ,u ss lou'lul. lesubs of whn h may be of the deepest inter-1 vigilance and careful atterie.n the rerzuia t n

csf to our country.

W tth the report of the secretary of the r.a-

one and to the other. 1 he case of a conflict

between these two powers, has not been sun . i . i .. . i

commenced bv th

act of congress, of 30th Apiil, IS2-1.

I he report exhibits in one table the funds

v . . . .1 . I . . .

Vwu, ..u uai any provision OCCn made or b.nnrnnrintr.1 , ttw. l.c ...i

It in our institutions ? i i-irtn..d r r . i"" CS

..- , "'"a 'uuui oi sions oi congress, lor a these frrtifV-innn ancient limps pv itnl tT.. r. 1 r . v et ui.c.uions,

Vuhout a law for the punishment of naricide. Mo.c than once, however, in the progress of our history, have the people and the legis-

surveys, and woiks of pnh:ic improvement

. , , .ni- iuv ocen

anniicd. tlie t.,.i

"I., v .,iuKivu upon mp sevc ral works under construction, and the further

navy ol the United

State s, statements of the expendi-m cs under

disposal and pi eservatior, of this great rational inhet itance has by the people of the United State s been intrusted

Among the important subjects to which the attention of the p.esent congress has a!cailv been invitrd. nmi r,i.,u

that act, and of the mcasuies uken lor eanv i their fuithei ,!pHm, .i:." y.orci,H

it g the same into efiYct Kveiy section of ! be .he provision to nade lm T"' , that Mntntr rnnt!,-,n rtit;..ri . f r.i . U1 " lot taking ihe

.i..v, , nun census or er umcralinn nf , : i t . Innldnt tn t!,r .,t l fl . ll. .. ' i .... ,t... 1C'UUJtraUon Ol te l. habitants

f,'". ujv" . ...w ...n.ii, me j ui UiC uniieu otates. Ihe

i ji uji impiovement oi tne navy untie r its salutary sanctions, stores of ship timber have

been procured, and arc inptccessof sea-en

rnfittitiiiim r

the United States requi.es that this enun eration should be made within every fern- of 10 Vear. nnil ih l..t l ... i - i

,ng and preserver, for the future use of jm.ntlon commenced WW3 the firu Vlpn-