Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 19, Number 30, Vincennes, Knox County, 30 August 1828 — Page 1

ADTEBTTSEffi BY ELIHU STOUT. VINCENNES, (1ND.) SATURDAY, AUGUST 30, 1828. Voi, i9 No. 30 -

WESTEKN SUN & (BENE!

9 t ) t 'I

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From the Nashville Republic: ax. JEFFF.USON. NO. XII. The charge of the decoyed and slaughtered

Indians at St M irks, is next in m dor an

qual in truth. Its subject is iodisse", iblv connected with the crimes and fate of Arbuthnot and Ambrister, and blends itself intimately with the operations of Jackson in Florida. lhit the iscenc of these tranactions was so remote and obscure covered by untravcllcd wildernesses, unmeasured swamps and undefined jurisdictions the character upon which they operated so notorious and yet so unknown, their allegiance so diversified, and their motives so various, that the attention even of a fair inquirer i.i often bodimmed and confounded in their study, as the strongest eye is mocked in pursuing the ever changing reflection from agitated water. In Vtheir present state of indigestion, they form.n in ass of rubbish, behind which, every scribbler Who chooses to revile Jackson a id hopes to delude the public, entreiichcVhinvu if. I confess it was with astonishment 'something like that which the reader of Tom jer.'js experiences on finding the philosoper Square meditating on the fitness cf things behind Molly Scagrim's blanket. I discovered C. Johnson ensconced within it. And it is less to expose him, than to prevent the leader of any future conventiciers,

who may put their heads and their haunches together for the purpose of hatching public misrepresentations, that I invoke the patience of the reader's attention to the following detail: The dramatis fwrsomc engaged in the catastrophe which Jackson is necnLa d of producing, were lieut. cel. Nichols, of the l'rhish ar tillery, Woodbine, an English advcntuicr f fine address and desperate morals, trainer of hostile Ind'cns, with the title, if not the rank of captain, and in that respect, adjunct and successor of "NichclsArbuthnot, a Scotchman, who had left his wile in Kuropc, married a colored one in the West Indies, and with a son by the former one. takim; a trading position in Florida, got hunseif elected chief of the Indians at war with the ' . States, and as smdi had sanctioned the butchery of lieut. Scott and his party. Ambrister, a half officer ek half buccaneer, who, with the commission of

"auxiliary lieut. of celomel mar'u es," given by ( adm. Cochrane during the war widi hi - country, was taken three years after the peace, leading the Indians and fugitive negroes in the bafde against the troops of the U. States. llamhl; ud Doyle, subjects of Spain, agents of a commercial firm in Pensacola, driving the Indian trade in an establishment on the Apilachicola, .aid favorers cf peace Cook, clerk to Arbuthnot, abo in t":. or cf peace Francis or Hillis IIad.o, chid' t f the prophets cf the Creek nation, appointed by Tecumsehin his insurrectional visit t" the southern tribes in the fall of an inveterate enemy of

ne U. states, mui reiueu io urate www n:s c untry men in the capitulation of tort Jackson, a'anvdoned his country, and at the head oi" the outlawed Redsticks, had taken refuge and protection

with the Semtnolcs in Florida, lasiiated them to rapine 2c murder, and had w itne scd cv encouraged the massacre of lieutenant Scott and his par- ' xy Hcmithlimaco, a Redstick chief, the principal perpetrator of that massacre. The motives and liabilities of these men, were as various as their names and nations. The motive cf Nichcils, was success in his profession ik service to his country, stained with the design ot debasing the chivalry of war, by the employment of savage associates. To this Woodb'n e raided, and in a predominating degree, the infamous deNV sire of plunder and profit. Lucre was the sde cbject of Arbuthnot, and his means for procuring it were sogacious and unrcrupulous ; proposing to acquire oil influence over all the surrounding Indian tribes, by means of it to disturb their existing relations with their civilized neighbour, both as to territory and trade, and to engross the entire profits cf The latter. A mixed and unprincipled thirst for giin and for fame, seems to have actuated Ambrister. Interest, which excited Arbuthnot and Ambrister to produce confusion, made Hunbly and Doyle anxious to preserve peace Cook was engaged to lie married to a girl in New Providence, felt therefore an inordinate attachment to life, and little disposition to run the hazards of his employer, Arbuthnot. The 'self-exiled' prophet, loving his country

less than he hated her enemies, was filled with revenge for the disasters of the Creek war, for the loss of influence which they had occasioned him, for the severities which his refusal to submit to the capitulation" of Fort Jackson had occasioned him, and for the 'exemplary punishment, denounced against him by the order of the Secretary cf war, 15th Jan. 1818 which was committed for execution to Gen. Jackson. He was further stimulated by the pride of character, which a late visit to F.ngland, and a flattering, recep'ion from the Prince Regent had inspired, and by t!ie hope of reviving the ho-aiL; spirit of the Creeks, and regaining hi former mi leuoc. and possessions. Willi a haired to the United States equally passionate and dercc, mnithlimaco was infuriated by a n atural tkrist for carnage, superstitious reverence for the prophetical dignity of Francis, and habitual eagerness to execute his most brutal purposes. The agency of these individuals, impelling, moderating, or counteracting each other, and deriving more or less encouragement and aid from the Spanish authorities, had kept up a state of hesitating war, but uuremittibg robber' and hiooelhed on our southern frontier, ever since the termination of the Creek war in Aug

1314. In its 1 -tst ofe.-nsi'. e but most dangerous form, it was repelled by Genera! Jackson, when he dislodged the Hritidi armament from Pensacola, in November of tiiat year. It is the business of history to record how, with more than mother's care, a patriot's fire, and a states

e- i man s lorestgut, on uic nisi intelligence ot its ap

pearance there, he flew unordered to the protection of Mobile, and fortified and garrisoned Fort Boycr. How, while he aw akened by des

patches, the vigilance ot tne c alnnct, jut com

poses after tue c. ipture ot asluagtnn he roused the patriotism rf the people and calling on Cofuc j'lid his volunteers with a vt ice in which

that a part of the enemy had fled to St. Marks, and also ascertained the criminal complicity of the commandant, he formed a determination to prevent any further abuse cf Spanish neutrality and American rights, ami took possession of that fortress where he found "the advocate for peace," Arbuthnot, who, with the innocent and

vacant look peculiar to his countrymen when

the

concerned Had they been brought within car limits all their crimes must have gone unpunished for they had not violated our municipal, maritime or martial laws. But the law c f nations vests the right of retaliation in the commanding general, and the imbecility or dishonor cf thc Spanish authorities having justified the assertion 1 fit .!

ci our uciugerent ngnts, it was the dutv ol Gene-

hey meditate shrewd and dangerous designs, ral Jackson to fulfil the instructions of his govat an unconcerned guest at the table of the com- j eminent and bring thoe murderers to p-uniih-nandant. From St. Marks, discovering that the merit. " JEFFERSON.

Although the feeling and common sense of e-

thev

heard the tramp

to ii! a ing th

penetrable bv

) ame, he forced the

British to abandon P asaceb;, and the Spaniards

utain their neutraliu . How after sreurieft flank of hi; extensi'. hue of defence.

rivers, and access. ubie I)', b.tvs, he

parsed with incredible expedition tothe bmks o the Mississippi, with huh other avl from the government than stuff ':!( 'iyence iSJ drtlomctic directions v.it.h anii ., limts and in one', c.oilecled by himsel, with raw, uatuniiMo.d and ii.li.iiar farces, he vanmiished b-th in att irk and defence, the most formidable v etc ins of PV r. ;e. and snr r;ass'. fl i.i skill or couriv v, her ienownv'1 and :.c-

e the notice v i'at i iiu;-

fO!ll'),MI!,M i'eIKU

d. -

land, these lav-df--.

ed by favav s of rapi'r on the southern l.order: some mov ements of tn

I! : . : ! IV. ! i 1

........ , .

di tur'o. mces had be n ccite.o

..u-.i ni'il oer, pi uaujiai. el ( leorsaa wr.ic! tler )))-, m: i r(-',-s will, t!ie

v wan

1

mucn o'.j t )i!ei

w til ition v

i e fa

.; r.ii'.x . vu:ii

-non der ana

re ( o; a - ted

soldiers ,md in Inh

n oar un

Ill

eel an

ii 'at, 1 at ii i:d" OH'''.

'aid to j i. ul i ' i a that un-. r- ! of

, win h, ii! s a.as i !; hi at v' ! . '' t'ii the

; 1 '

,s ar

Kasi;.

uuii tae

perseva r military c

)ectiau;

ren. Pubfe t .pi r i t .n no ernment, and the !V!iV cr: Jackson. lie too'; the ring aim r-1" juih-.-eiU . the noble instinct - i iln: the heart, he p -u. t;. ; t s'onrces of this c u 1 ..;ai utmost povsii)!. t :; - if sliliv ;

hie bloodshed. Without provision:-., force of oiiiv o: e tliouaao" ra w nilili;:

ans, to" vvhoin too he wa a vt? lucr. he tnteiee! Flotilla, hudt furl Fadsden, r.ai'.ed the Indiansat Micausky, found in their village near three hundred old scalps, ami on the proi.iut's red p-ole hhv

tresh ines, most ot them recognised h the !tau-,

ate ti.i ty of dent.

i th.: prisonei s

;a , vv

iiicii-

to have behraved to the u;u r

Scott Here, ai-eeT-taini:-;.': fv-i

FUe agreement common!) called the treaty ot toi t Jackson, : as, iu realil) , a t.'tu'iiun i!:;c::i-

mandant. r rom rt. Alarks, discovering

remnant of the routed Indians and negroes had retreated down the west coast of Fast Florida, in

the direction ofWoodbine'sgranddepotoi Virgin. vcr)' nian ni"s conincc him that the death cf ia and Georgia runaway slaves, he pursued an i o- j thc Pplic and Ilimithhmaco wis due to l,u-

vcrtook them near the Econfiunali swamp, where some were killed, many taken, and the only women w ho escaped death from the murderers of licutcnat Scott, recaptured. The enemy retreating to the Suwanev were not allowed time

to renew their strength or courage, but were aga:n attacked and routed, with such loss and dis

persion, that thc victors

the war.

On this occasion Ambrister was made prisoner. The army then returned to St. Marks, where the general, having recehed information from the governor of Alabama, that a large body of hostile Indians who had been committing fresh murders on the Alabama, were assembling near Pensacola, and were freely admitted and constantly furnished with means ofubslstence and war, he determined toeut off this last head of the Hydra; to supply any defect of will or power that might exi'-t on the part of the govei nor to observ e his neutral. ty, and to occupy that for a time at most. Marching by the Ocheescc Plot's, he was confir

med m his intention by hndtiigthe navigation of the Escambia occludvd to his supplies. He then, fore proceeded, an ! entering Pensacola on the 2-ltuof May, he took fort Barrancas on the 'jrth having, in his short campaign cf three months, and with an undisciplined, force of f om one to two thousand, overrun a county larger than Italy forced a Paithhn enemy three times to action, anil though once inferior in numbers,

thr.ee defeated him; without any materials for a military briuge, ha ing passed rivers as large and as deep as the Po or the Ad:-: without other subsistence frequently than acorns, rawhides and water, havhg marched more than eight hundred miles ; with scarce any artillery, having takn by force or intimidation three fortresses, and with little more than the energies of his own great mind terminated forever this savage, servile avd piratical war. It was a subject cf glory to Pompey th- Ori-at, that after having worst d Sertorms, he sheuld agree to conduct the war against the Pirate::. When Gvne at Jacks a undertook the Seminole War,

had !.. f'.'uii u the hoi troops, and among the

t (h-f.era's of Em ope, and terminated the J set forth, a vote by ballot, and by distinct bali gnu a.sv an.patgiioi the age. ethe is found j jujs

ai -.'out arc. pa i severing against the hordes sav.oas and slaves, as sincerely clovoted tc

tor tame, ht-

i , , , ... I - r .1- .. .-

Ol IOC HJUll-

i U. otes for C D as president :

''E F. otcsfor G H as prcsidei.t." Sec.

ng these operatton!, it happen

et 1 raiv.s, and lus insti ur.tent

r.'.sr: : ! i . .i

i use .viisses'-UAiau, m wnosc town tne t".ee

iuaain o and firy scalps were found, had after ihe loni iier of !-. tenant Scott and his party, seized I lundily and D- v !e, at the instigation of Arbuthnot, under whose authority as chief, and that ot Fi am is they v. ere irted in council and sentenced to he tort ured to deatii, for their triendsldp to die United State s. From this wretched fate they were ia '-cued by the spi; ited iuterfc ; ence cf a neV j . . . . . t . . i r -. . .i

gro, . in, ,neiouMn;ni.eror ot,o:ner negroes in j ballol0r by distinct ballots.

VII, .-. i ivv'..v.m.-.ii. iinvi .l'.".l, lv t . i V

1 1 e Hi'; no

manity and justice, yet it mav be proper to for

tify that well tounded dicision by respectable authority. Vattel says, o'JO, iMO. ' " When we are at war with a nation which observes no rules and grants no quarter, they may be chastised in the persons of those of them who mav be taken. They are cf the number of the eufkv. and bv

hoped thev had finished 1 thls lZov thc ""cnipt niay be made c bringing I them to a sense et the laws of humanity." ITe

prophet and Himithlimaco were net cnlv among the guilty,' but the leaders of the guilty. Electoral Votes for President To mot of our readeis, the following articles, which we copy from the New-York Morning Courier, may at this time, afford matter lor speculation. Mr. Wilde, in the house of representatives, introduced thc following resolution ? ' Resolved That a message be sent to the senate of the United States, respectfully requesting that body to transmit to ihis house, it in their possession, copies of the several certificates and lists of all the votes given for president and vice-president, on thc first Wednesday of December, 18 24, or of so many thereof, as were received, opened and counted, in the honse, on the eecond Wednesday in February, 1825, when the pet sons'who fill the cHices oi president and vice-president, were ascertained and declaied." Mr. Wilde assigned os a reason for this motion, that the last election of president, thc r equisitions of the Constitution had not been complied with in some of the states. The twelfth article provides that the election shall bo by ballot, and the electors shall name in their ballots the person voted for as president, and on distinct ballots, thc person voted tor at vice president It appears to Mi W. that the ccitificates from some of the states did no: set forth, or. at least, did imt ini;r'.i!.,

' ! ' i ::;y'

01

in

try

o .i i i; o

'at:iL.U

r.v u

.o ha'.cii a brood of Vam-

j The return from Delaware did not certify that the electors voted by ballot, but specified j the vote of each elector thus:

in.

pr, a M.h

i

ed that the! fairly authorizing the infeience, as he apprekenhagee, j htnded, that the vote was viva voce.

The return of Ne w York specifies that thc electors voted by ballot, and named, in distinct ballots, thc persons voted for as president and vice-president The return of Rhode Island agrees, in effect with that of New York. Thc return ot. Missouri did not, Mr. W. believed, certify that the electors voted bv

f, so lie.-'g'oateo

IT ' ! 1 ! I

.i oesci a i)V me e:o ei n-

ci.ent. In an tier ti'oin the .'ar ilepartment, of lite ,0th Aluieli, I Ml, first no dressed to general Finckney, and then communicated to General Jackson, it is said " since the date of my lat letter, it lias occuriA to me that tiie proposed treaty with the Creeks should take a term aftogi (her i:ilitury aud should be in the natui e ( f- ncn:i:iilafi'.n" U'i'ler this and simifsr otai-.us the caAiufjti'jJi was com luued A v. d yet. Mr. Ciav, in ins s;ecc!i (.lan. LSt'n, 1SI9.) on the Seminole war attaches blame to Gem Jackson for 'the dictatorial terms" of this n as lie calls it. So that then, as now, if Gen. .h.cksou executed the orders of the. govere.meni he v. ar censuicd : and if he only appeared to transcend them, abused. f The hist intelhgi nee which general Jackson received fro: a the government of the projected attack on Xev-Orbans, wa: in a letter trom Mr. Monroe, (tiien stcretarv of war) ( f t'.ic 7th Sent.

181-1. Hut as early as thc 10th of August, he had despatched by express the same intelligence in a corroborated form to the department, the receipt of which, and of four other despatches of that month, are acknowledged by Mr. Monroe on the '7th September. In the letter of the 7th. general Jackson is emphatically tehl, " ou shouid repair to New-Orleans re: soon as your arrangements can br completed in the oilier parts of the district, ukI' s j'lir Ar; st'ncr th'.uld be rcjuirvd at other o-?,'s " In a letter of the 10th December, lie is told in a spirit quite prophetical, considering he had no efheient supplies from tin- department, thit by takvig a suitable fi'jbi'i-jn iu the vicrittij rJWt ti'- r'eans, he ii'iil be enablt d to over- ::. ;; thc enemy whenever he :rtxenfs himself" and this without the secretai) 's having any definite knowledge of Jackson's strength or giving anv informat'uai of thc enemy's. But suppose the enemy had got possession of Mobile, which the same letter describes as of little importance, ' comparativ cly a trifling object with the British r1 Jff lf w I", t ' -lTllI U lirii tl.Ii'iy I.i.. I . . -1 - . . . ' . .

lus a:-,enc. co:,e e'ii,asrist .ntrs or Arnutr.r.ot, ec

ms li.cuans, io ru. .nai'Ks, iorsaie keepii g. iierei

they were u ceaved by the commandant as prisoners, and he re they saw numerous evidences of the participation of the Spanish authoiities in the Seminole v. ar. but escaping in a canoe, they were tak'.nup by lieutenant M'Keever, cf thc United States' na y, in the adjacent bay. With a sort of dramatic coincidence, it came to that thc thh.a for blood Inning risen in the brchsts of the prcph.ct av.l his warrior Hin.ithlimaco, they soon reented the rescue of Hambly and Doyle, and

'I hat of Vermont, he conceived, did not

exhibit a vote by ballot, and by distinct ballots. That cf Tennessee presented distinct ballots, and so aho of Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine and Maryland. Thc electors ol Mississippi seemed to have voted by ballot, but it did not appear that they gave distinct ballots for each officer. Fiom the returns of Ohio, Pennsylvania,

New-Jersey and Kentucky, enough appeared

came to St. Marks in quest itf them, just after ! to warrant the inference that they voted by they had made their escape. W ith the ferocious ; ballot, and by distinct ballots.

Illinois seemed to have voted by ballot, but not by distinct ballots.

The return of South Carolina does not state

perseverance of wohes they pursuetl their flight

along tbe coast, hoping that v. catJicr or weari

ness wi;idd force them -af here, and soon descried 'i i t 1 -it ntipluiv vitli lli'iMi-K rnlniii'i ft :.,.r. I

i. . m mi jn Klll Vt'i'.'lll d 1IH1 L uL . " t t

the mast head. After same reconnoitering they ! explicitly mat the electors voted by ballot, went aboard, were conducted into the cabin j antl b" distinct bailees, but it shows a si pawhere they found Ilambly and Doyle, who im-l ratc vote, and the ballots themselves are forme diutely indentifying liiem as thc murderers of! warded.

bout. Scott i'v his party, their own captors and j Indiana seems to have voted by ballot, but tormentors, the) were put in irons by lieutenant : the return dees not alledge distinc t balloting. M Keever. 1 hee circumstances being al 1 made The rpmm rf aik.'Z .i i . - i-..,,. .,..a i.i. i n,,.J. ! Anc relurn ol Alabama says, the electors

lnw.l II in 1111.1 i.i J.lCRUII, U il IIIU35 I'l JJlOOl ill 111 I

La tour, page Cu.

fThe Ucdsticks wc;c a pivrevful tribe cf the j bold expuKivii of them from Pensacola, and per-

Creek Indians, whose rattomd standanl w as a

red pole decorated with human scalps, -" bfsTfivcrcd with blood. ' Of human sacrifice and fiarcnt's tcay." Their possessions once r eached from the Alabama to the Mississippi, anel one of their principal villages was on the latter river, where Baton Houge (Hcd Stulf) now st ands. The 4 outlawed Hedstkks' were that portion cf this tribe who, refusing to abide by the capitulation cf Fort Jackson, w ere outlawed by the Creeks.

severing maintenance, m spite of the order for th

officers of the "Jd regiment to go on the recruiting service, oi a garrison at fort Bowyer.) preventedtheir fourteen thousand men might have been passed up the '1 ombeckbec, rekindling thc Indian war, and in four days march from the highest na igation of that river, have reached the Mississippi at thc Chickasaw Bluffs, cutting off New-Orleans fmm supplies and support, ensuring both to themselves, and then New-Orleans must have fallen without a bloT.

undil uted noturietv, in conformity with the or-! J, "7 . , lv. suam 10 me law ana ders of the secretary of war ' to inflict exempla 1 onsltuiion, but does not pccify the mcdo ry punishment on tlic authors of the atrocities" j vnng in direct terms, whether by distinct committed on lieutenant Scott's party, and Mrs ballotinps or olhervise. (iarnt s family, he had them hung, in accord- That of Massachusetts appears to bo ai.ee with the principle ctf the law ot nations, and f strictly correct and formal. It says, the clec-

mooeiae-nee o uie. inches 01 numamty wmcti , lors ,olcd by ballot for president and vice-

their atrocities had outraged, and to which the

terror and example ot their fate was a justsaciilice and proved a salutary prepititation. The reader w ill see that the only decoying was practised by lieutenant M'Keever, and before he can agree to censure that, it must be shown that our naval officers had no right to use such stratagems as the officer s of other nations practice, although the colors of all nations are furnished them for the express purpose; and it must be farther shown that it was the duty of general Jackson to see that lieutenant M'Keever should dress and manage his ship exactly tothe taste of Mr. Johnson. These Indians were taken by stratagem and surprise as Andre was, anil like that unfortunate officer, who never violated a feeling of humanity, they were slaugtered" that is, they were hung. In this punishment, as justice, humanity, and the law ot nations were satisfied, it is to be observed that they being out of the United States, our own laws were not

Junius to lord Mar.sgld. Scctt, tiaj,

president, having named in distinct ballots, the person voted for as president, and tho person voted lor as vice-president. The return of V'n inia did not specify that the clectoi s voted bv ballot; separate returns were made of the votes for president and v ice pt esident, but it did not appear in terms, that ei'hei vote wash) ballot. The rerurn of Georgia was similar to that of Virginia, except that the electors used thc word ballot. The electors of North Carolina seems to hav e voted by ballot ; but did not aver that it was by distinct ballots, and perhaps, the fairest inference from the language of thc terra was, that only one balloting was had The return of Louisiana was, in effect, liko that of North'Caroltna Mr. Wilde remarked, that if thc excep-

Jicnab! s jo t c Jh ?, n b m njoh J n v. fLi