Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 18, Number 10, Vincennes, Knox County, 14 April 1827 — Page 1

WESTERN SUN & GKNERAIi ABVEMTISET&

BY ELIHU STOUT. VINCENNES, (IND.) SATURDAY, APRIL 14, 1837. Vol. 18. No. 10.

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THE WESTERN SUV. I tinS under the impulse of a real, or imIS pubished at Two Dollars and ' g"i;cd diversity of interest. The resort ji tt cents for Fifty.rvo Xumbers 10 force would be alike vain and nugato-

which may be discharged by the pay- ' . ... . ,J. 1 uv .xt t b. no ' .1 with demonstrative certainty, to ultimate

Hient Ot 1 WU UUUl,;VU3 ai uiu umc f . '

of subscription.

morous with apprehension, and roused Ae I pectfully, requested to continue hisexerpatriot to redoub ed exertion, a spirit or; tions to obtain from the Creek Indians a insubordination was manifested in an im- j relinquishment of any claim to lands with

portant portion ol the Union. A crisis - in the limits of Georgia.

failure, wile its temporary success would

P7ym nt in advance being the mutual ; value.es, for all the purposes of social L, ,..!. th i ,n. happiness. In such contests, however

lie ted. A failure to notify a wish to discontin

ue at the expiration of the tune sub

scribed for, will be considered a new engagement. No subscriber at liberty to discontinue until all arrearages are paid. Subscribers must pay the postage of their papers sent by mail. Letters by mail to the Editor on business must be paid, or they will not be attended to. Advertisements inserted on the customary terms. jCT Persons sending Advertisements, must specify the number of times they wish them inserted, or the will be continued until ordered out, and must be paid for accordingly.

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I . In Senate of the United States.

Report ot the committee to whom was referred the sevtrai messages of the President ol United States of the 5th and 8lh February, and a report and and certain resolutions of Georgia. (Concluded.) The committe having considered it their duty to apply, through their chairman, to the proper department of the government to acettain whether any particular act of legislation was contemplated, r desired by the Executive (iovei menu have been referred, generally, to the mes age of the President ; and, in answer to the specific inquiry, whether any appropriation of mo icy by Coiigieb, was ne:essary to obtain the relinquishment, by the Indians, of any claim to the lands in controversy, have b en iu rmeu that the expense of treating for that object, might be defrayed out of the comimeot hind ; and the purchase money, it a treaty should he made, provided for by an appropriation at the nest session of Congress ; and they have been furnished, by the head of that

department, with a copy of his instruct!- I ons v

unequal, and however transient, the seeds of disunion will be sown, and those who may be destined to witness them, will speedily thereafter, be called to lament the destruction of the fairest prospects of civil liberty ; which Heaven, in its mercy, has vouschafed toman The committee have before said, that they see no reason to fear that Geotgia will not acquiesce in the decision of this question by the judicial department. It has been seen that she has heretofore yielded to the mere order of the President, and the resolutions tcf erred to the committee evince that she still looks with unabated confidence to the congiess of the United States. They can, thetcforc. discover no ground for the assumpsion that she meditates resistance to the chii authority of the Union. The indications which have been given of an intention to employ a portion of her militia, if necessary, far the protection of her surveyors against Indian violence, were limited to that object That they we re intended to opoosc the constitutional authority of the government, is unsupported by any facts which have been disclosed to the committee, and appears to them unworthy of belief Their confidence in this conviction has bren to them a source of mingled satisfaction. For, although they would tea-

dily apply, if necessary, the whole energies of the government to the support of its legitimate authoii'y, they would, at the. same time, regard the most remote preparation for a resort to military force, for the purpose of compelling a sister state to submission, a-i among the greatest calamities. The committee will not enlarge upon the frightful consequence! of Uii '.vats Thev arc known tnb'j calamitous '. .-, ;.; govct nments, and fatal to cenf i!rrn ; Reason tells us this, and hislorv. will her

occurred more interesting than any other in the history of our confederacy, and there appeared reason to apprehend that the horrors of a civil, might be superad

ded to the calamities of a foreign war -

Baltimore and the West. Though room cannot be just now afforded to go into particulars, which may, however, bo

given hereafter for public information, it

Il evidence were wanting to show the is with no ordinary feelings .we announce

protounu and intimate knowledge of the the fact that a plan for'making a rail nature and tendency of our poiitical sys i road from the city of Baltimore to some tern, possessed by the statesman who then fioint on th Ohio river, has been considpresided over the republic, it was, at that ered and adopted by certain of ur most time, strikingly exhibited; and if any intelligent, public spirited, and wealthy thing could add 10 the dtbt of gratitude citizens, and a bill to incorporate a comwhich the countiy owes to this illustri- pany for this purpose, with a capital of

ous patriot, n is his conduct on that occa- S3 000,000, has passed the legilaturt of ".v, II .1 .i r :: : m i . .t ir..i .

iiau iiwiaib u iiiiiuaiy cucicious iuai)i.niu, wuu very mnc opposition, in

deed and that measures are now in progress lo obtain similar acts trom the states of Pennsylvania and Virginia, which, it is expected, will be as promptly and liberally supported Virginia has passed a

similar act unanimously in the senate, and

sion

been used, the probability of itsapplica

ti m, and, under the excitement which prevailed, the commencement of- hostilities between uicfedeial and state authorities might hue tei ruinated our existence as a tree and united people. No menace

was employed. No threat of military j in the house of delegates with only six

coercion was tulminated. I he move- i opposing votes

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warning voice, cotuirms it.

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uiges in

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contests. No

ons to the Agent ot the United Mates residing in the Creek Nation, directing him to use his exertions to obtain surh relinquishment ; which is herewith submitted. The committee are in possession of no evidence to shew that the state of Georgia has, at any time, mantle seed a detenu ination to resist the civil ;uithoritv of the United Stales On the contrary, it ap pears that she has, submitted to the order of the President lo desist from the survey, and the resolutions of her legislative, l i s recent session, also referred to !i t f o nmittee, contains a ditect and earnest appeal toOongie53 to settle this unhappy controversy On the various and important questions which that cotroversy presents, the commitie have not deemed it necessit y, or proper, to express an opinion '1 he President has icferred them to the decision of the Judicial department, and there is

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msigmficau the cause, lb

spreads, until the whole conf':det ;cv is voUed. The "Third Sucr. J 'War.' which ended in the ruin of all Greece, began in a trille, in the attempt of the Amphvrtions to punish the smallest member of the confederacy to the god of Apollo. The com mitcc will not multiply examples of the same fatal character, of width history is full. Thev will saw that 'he 1 ultima rafio r?(j." which cannot be resorted to between two foreign powers, until ad the arguments of reason have been ti ied and exhausted, ought not to be hastily used in a community of states bound together by a confederated government The last argument of kingsshould be the jirst in republics. The tt ibunal of public opinion should be resovted to. In a free government it is almost as omnipotent over communities as over individuals.

nothing before the committee to author- j Xonc can despise it. Coupled with a ju-

ize the oeiiet that Georgia win not ---' v,.,... v.. v. wm

ion win ne as Dinning as the uccision oi arms. In thi3 case, the laws have been appealed to, and the committee most earnestly recommend a reliance upon their efficacy, and upon the instinctive sagacity of public opinion, which rarely fails to discover and sustain the just side of every great question. It has hitherto been the happiness and boast of the American people, that, since the adoption of the present constitution, their cunals exhibit but a single instance in which, to maintain the an'hority of their government, the blood of the citizen has been shed by the arms of the soldiery. It should be thf prayer cf every American that this may be the last. The apprehensions then felt for the continuance of our conicdcracy arc freh in the rccolletticn ci the committee. Nor can thev .forget the exultation which was manifested by the enemies of the republican governments, and their confident predictions of the downfall of ours The virtue and in teliigcnte of the people, co-operating with lie inherent excellence of our political ir.sthntions, averted the danger, and preserved the Union. Three entire administrations have sir,'-; Intervened, withoui resorting either to the actual or threatened exercise of force, to sustain the authority of law. During a portion of thi j period, our country was involved in a sanguinary war with cne of the most powerful nations of Europe. In its progress, v;Scr. "?VcVcd f!"" cihrritv fill-M tir ti-

ments ol those to whom disaffection was attiibutcd, were . bscrvtd wiih care, and silent preparations were made to enable the government to act with effect, should the application jf fotce become unavoidable. 1 lie threatened collision between the federal and sta e authoiiiits was, for timaUly avoided. The conduct of the panics was submitted to the judgment of the Amcticun people. 1 he sentence which they pronounced was just, and it will remain irrtvrcubtc Public opinion performed its ofTjce, and our republican institutions arose fiom the shock with renewed lustre and increased stability. The honest appi chtnsions ot those w ho had before doubted their ca pacity to sustain the pressure of danger and conflict of war, weie dispelled, and all the hopes which were founded on the anticipated dissolution ot our confederacy were destroyed. Such wcie the legimatc ft nits of the vtisdom, moderation and fitmness, which were then displayed ; and, while th y rett ii-.e the history of that peiiod, the com uii; tec ate encouraged to hope that sim iiar mo. h ra ion wiii lead to similar results. 1 hcv would be unwilling to five then sanction to difKtu:l mcasmts, on a ny occasion ol apprehended collision b.tweed the federal government and -ne of its membeis, but iim.e especially in a t.se so cs'oeiuiallv diiurent, to principle and eh iractet , I: win that with which it has been compared, as the piescnt is admitted to be. It is far from then desire to nuerteie wih those duties which have been confided to the Executive, and which, Uuy ih)nbt not will be discharged with abiiit and zeal ; but it becomes Unit duty to cxptcsj the opinion that there ap pears no ground to appichcnd the ncces sisy of appealing lo n iiitaty force, lor the purpose of tnfoicmg the luv;s within the state of Georgia, and that they ca not concur in the propriety of menacing its application, or of adopting any measui e in anticipation of an issue w nich they do not apprehend, and which every good citizen should endeavor to avert. ! The committee have not deemed itnc

The advantages of rail-ways compared

with canals, are strongly pointed out in tho report of an able committe that was selected to gather the facts the follow ii.g brief summary will sufhec present purposes : D's'ance by the proposed Chesapeake Sc Ohio canal (to Baltimore.) 39o miics pi oposed railroad 250 Distance saved 140. S?7isllrst estimate cost of the proposed! ( hesapcalu & Ohio canal 812,000,000 If ghest es'unated cost of the

contemplated rail road Amnunt f capital saved in favor of the o..d, Cr si of trunfiorrir?g. for tolls only, on a ion ot height fiom Pittsburgh to Baltimore, upon the Chesapeake and Onio cai al Coat of amc transportation by the proposed rail road

5 000,000 7,000,000

5,7!

2,50

Polls saved on each ton, by the 'ail roiidt Annual income from tolls upon the proposed rail toad, 6 per cen' interest on the capital invested, Annual surilus fimfts to be apptopita'td foriepaitsS extra dividends, Time eniphved in passing a boat from Baltimore and Pittsbutg, by the Chesapeake and Ohio canal. Time to pass ftom Baltimore to the Ohio rivei, upon the proposed rail road,

3,25 70,000 300 000 g450,000 214 hours 62 hours

peaceably acquiesce in that relcu ncc. I They do not, therefore, think it necessity ; to recommend any act of legislation hy j congress, in anticipation of aconilirt lc- ;

tween the authorities ot the Union, and of Georgia ; and unless, as an act of indispensable and melancholy necessity, they would deem such legislation imptopcr. The belief that we have arrived 2t crisis, when one of the member of this confederacy, placing herself in an aptitude of hostility to the residue, has rendered it necessary to resort to thcmilitary power of the general government, to coerce her to submission, would he appalling to every friend to the union and happiness of these states ; and though infir.itely less in degree, it would be ma'ter of unaffected regret, t:j have Forced r.pcn us the conviction, that :m unwai lantCv". anticipation of such a crisis, had led to the unnecessary sugesion cf even a conditional determination to have recourse ta so afflictive a measure. It is believed to be amcng tho?e axioms, which in a governir.cr.. like ours, no man may be permitted to dispute, that the only security for the permanent union of these states, U to be found in the princi pic of common affection, resting on the basis of common interest. The sanctions of the constitution would be impotent to retain, in concerted and harmonious ac tion, twenty-four sovereignties, hostile in

their ferlirri vvards each oer. ar

crssary to advert to v arious other subjects embraced in the report and resolutions re ferred to them. Some of them ii?olc - t A m.

mit'.stinti tvhirh rnnnnt. nrnnerlv. hiumiA

: to in ihU hnnrhnf th na inn,! fiXn - ' ,,1St Several

turn- nn.llhfir fin nnt nrrrn,, th V('U,d bc tbsnlutcl) fTrn away. tOSsist

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sity or ptoprietyof entering into an etx

Time saved by the road, each tt ip, 152 hours Such is ihe confidence in the practicability of perfecting this great w oik, such the belief in the gigantic i fTtas which it would have on tht puspeity of Baltimote su- h the le'iar ce placed in thi so gentlemen who have taken tht lc;d in the project, and of the amount of means which tin y can linnish to con-.pit it it, that no one seems to doubt the immediate making ol this road, ! deed, ftom what

we hear, we have made up an pinion,

hundred thousand dollars

animation of the remainder, while ihe piincipal question which belongs to this controversy is in a course ot judicial inquiry The committee rely, 7,-ith confidence,

in handsomely starting the ptojtc'.ed improvement, if such a ptoceedittg sh uld

appear wanting, to give i' a lightfui impetus; but the chiel persons concerned have eritctcd upon this business w it I a deliberate view of obtaining a large inttiest

on capital invested, as well as to hentfit

on the justice and the patriotism of the the trade and commerce ol Baltimore, and

amnonties or me uniteu states, and ot increase their propeiy,by incteaseo pop Ccorgia, m expressing their convictions, ua,Ion am, crr.pli.yn.ent With such j

that no such unhappy consequences as arc

apprehended, can result from tht present

, eonltoversy I hey rely on the instrucj tions andetTorts of the War Department, ! and on the declaration made to ihe Sen ate during the discussion of thetiea'yat

W ashington, I y one of its members, who

a

load completed, and in full operation, Baltimore will steadily hold her powtiful latio of increasing inhabitants, and link herself to the rich growing west, by the S, strongest ties of a common interest andcommon feeling. ' j

ho shall calculate the ttTect of such

t had been actively ciu'a?ed in negotiating ,

; o o - o r, a piotccumg : n win renner uanimore, that treaty, (ot the ,epeaedly expressed a, to lht homr nad(. in the hean &f , willingness of the Creek chiefs lo relm- rou-. tfv. whnt N. V..,t ;.;,,..

;quish any little remnant of land within the foreign busincss &uhile the Erie car.al limits of Georgia, which, on running the poUts its ij.inab supplies intothe lat

ter, 'he rail way will not bt of less importance to us ; St, happily, there is room enough for us alii" Internal improvement and domestic manufacture xsill go on -must go on : thr heotilr wilt end must

They, therefore, recommend the adop- svfifiort them ; thr free exchange of comtion of the following n solutions : rnodities is ben ficial to all, and the prosBesofved That the petity of the home market is the best of President of the United States be, res- all possiblo assurances for succets and

lines of that treaty, might be found to be

j excluded,) for the assurance, that this

whole controversy may be speedily adjusted, by obtaining the desired relinquishment.