Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 17, Number 42, Vincennes, Knox County, 25 November 1826 — Page 1

,BN SUN '& GENERAL ADVERTISER i BY EL1HU STOUT. VINCENNE8, (IND.) SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 182(5. Vol 17. No. 42. 1.

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THE IVES FERN SUN the negcciation. It ceuld not have. It is immediately upon the Wabash, and lands have been granted to certain in- ' . j been expected that any part ot the consi- ' and commands the great avenue of com- t dividuals, sunder similar citcumstar.ces ta lb published at ro ,r0LLRS aml deration given tor the land, shouia be met munication between the Ohio and the I those already stated. P r uniarv cla ms i?ty cents for Fifty-Tvo Aumbers, ; frorn lhb fund h was barely surticicill Lukcs. Eel river the Northern boundary ! have in like manner been liquidate n'-r.d which m;jy be nAfTn k wilh the most "5id economy to pay the of the Potawaiamie cession, is incorrectly amwed. Thcncccssai) .chec.ules cxhibmcnt of I WO DOLL A Kb at the time claims lor services ahd supplies, essential represented on the maps. In its general iting a full vicwot these, -ubjects, are of subcnption. t0 the subsistence of the multitude as course it is much lurther from the Y. a- heicin cnclcs.ci It is only necessary to Payment in advance being the mutual sembletl her'C) lo lhe preservation of the bash than it appears to be upon them; St add, in relation o .hem, that without ccninterest of both parties, that mode is so- nccessary police, and to the successful re- ! from the best calculation we car. make, sentmg 10 this at ru; gemer.t all our efforts llcited. . . suit which we hac ultimately attained. j the whole extent of the cession i iua less '.vouid have been useless. A failure to notify a wish to discontin- Under these circumstances, no resouicc ' than 2,00u,0G0 of acres, and perhaps a- , Wclm.av agreed, as the sccoraue at the expiration ol the time sub- was ieft us, but to pui chase goods upon mounts to 3,000,000. The "1 ruct upon ! parrying exhibit v.M shew, to j urduso Scribed for, will be considered a new the credit of the negotiation, providing lor ; Lake Michigan is essential to the inter- j from i i u,.ber ot individual the tiacts engagement. lne;r payment by the United States, if ests of Indiana; for without it, herciti- grar.iei: u. s-em by ihe tieatv et bt. MaNo subscriber at liberty to discontinue the treaty should be ratihed, and by the Zens can have no access to that impoitunt j iy's. Mic tand n.-t ums w'c 720 acres

muu an anwiaB Subscribers must pay the postage ol their papers sent by mail. Letters by mail to the Editor on business must be paid, or they will not be attended to. Advkhtjsrmrsts inserted on the customary terms. Persons sending Advertisements, must specify the number cf times they wish them inserted, or they will be continued until ordered out, and must be paid for accordingly. From the Indiana Journal. MASSISSIX1 Ul TR EJTY. .Camp- nkar the mouth of thk Mis slssiniway, on the w a hash. October 23y 1G26 SIR--Accompanying this, vc have the honnr to transmit to you the treaty which vc tuiiLiuucu mui in-: 1 uia.Miaiiiica on the ICth int and that which was concluded with the Miauues oir this day. These treaties have been the result of along tedious negoci.ttion, in which evety exertion to procure a cession on the most reasonable terms for the United States, and we are confident in the opinion, that the object could not be attained without assenting to the stipulations which ate found in these instruments.

It is dithcult to ascertain the precise other circumstances. And all U-co ;.iiich,e r,r the Poiavvatami ct.vntry, or boutidary of Indian claims. The lines of grants have been insetted at the particu t!.i cbtabiishmt nt of anotitci bur.dademarcation between the ditVerent trib.s Ltr requesl of the Indt and -ot c; tS-- I ; v bet r. ccn tlu .m au ihe United State s.-

are not distinctly established, and in fact, their title rests more upon possession, than prescriptions. The tribes are frequentiy intermingled, atid each has sonictimes a common interest in the same district of countiy. North of the Wabash, the Mia nies and Potawatamtes are in this Condition At the treaty of in the rightof the former tribe to the country on the Wabash and its tnbutaries was reconizu, but time rnd sobseiiueut circumst.ince.3 have materially affected this arrange-nent. At t!e treaty of St. Mary s in 5 8i3 it was e an.tae: . ii important to pmccre a cession IVojo the Potawatamies ci tiie countiy s uUioi t:5; Wabash, and tiie entire cession from tlie Tippecanoe wa? made by mat tribe. Ami it seemed to be ciivaaliy admitted by both of these t. ;t-r that t here was a common and undefi cd intt rest in ihe country n'art!ic the Wabash. These ei.cumstances rendered i oiv.m-t . treat with the . Miamie and Pa . . .-.oi.s far the who'.e tract pii'-chascd. n. id t .ts well tado juslice oy laeoi, ahostilitias, the u ? 1. ... 1 putes In treating ha we m. 1 wi;!i :;c Potav.aiamies, we uere sc:.:ib!c, tn.it Hu ii title to the most valuable c:i ai f ilu; cou it;y tvas not as alid, ai that ci ihf Miamics And therefore, the co.--idcralion jntid t them is much less than that paid (oil. cottiers 'he annuity h comparatively small and limited, nd t:.c Mtm ap t : o,. iated for the purpete of duc.aio;: i: determinable at the pU .ati eof Confess. The amount of tiie other stimulations : $ blacksmith, Sec. is consnk t ..bk , and ibe objects themselves ai c such as ace impor taut t j tbo Indians, and cannot be inditletcut to t (Jovcrnmcnt. fioo-is b te been distributed to them, as will anpeai by the fourth article of the

irciv, 10 inc. amount oi unnv inousatvi , uepentlence upon agruubui al pursuits, and the provision Ire the immediate supfive hundred and forty seven d dl.u s sev or lo abandon the country. The event- ply of goods, and for the delivery of the cn'.y on .' cents, arid an additional quantity ; tul importance of ihis communication to temainder in the course of the next sumol nine hundred dallars nave been p-omi- ! the United States, either in a pecuniary mer, and the stipulations for buildinsr hen sed to them. Without this no ti caly j or polifn al view, it is no pat 1 ot our duly ses and furnishing various articles to couhl hav c been l,rm -d j I he Indians al- to explain Such a provision was made them, constitute an important portion of wavs a' r ive at our treaty gtounds poor for the consti uction of a road from the the consideration for ihe cession. Withand naked. They expect lo 1 eccive some rapids of the Miami to the western iiive " out acceding to them, we should have part of the consideration at the moment ol the Connecticut 1 escrvc in Ohio, but as concluded no treaty. The observations of signing the tteatv. This rxpectatrm ; it has not been frequent in Indian ti ea'ics made in the preceding part of this letter in fact, furnishes the only motive for their 1 ve thought it proper lhat the Ser.ate respecting the immediate purchase of attendance, and much the most powerful ( should beenabbd to act upon this as wel goods, will apply to the purchase made motive for their assent to the treasures j as other matters in the Treaty, without lor the Miamies. This amounts to g3 1 proposed to them. A reduction in the j alVecting the validity of the cession, arul 010 5.". cents, us exhibited in the accom anmfry is eiiected by these payments, i therefore astipulation has been inscilcd panying schedule and similar vouchers inuch greater in value than tire amounts which wilt give 10 that body the cntiic have been piepared and delivered to the distributed. The sum appropr ialed for control of the subject. patties interested. The amount yet due these treaties, fifteen thou . and dollars But our principal difficulty has been and frr which poovision must be made, is was certainly intended to defray the neces- with the Miamics. The country which gi6,'259 47 cents. sary expenses attending the convocation they occupy is much more valuable than A few restorations have been made, of thf Luliaus, at..i yy: oral business I that accupU'd by the lVa,wuu;mivs ' which requite no particular oplaaalics,

Indians, it the ratification shouicl be withhdd Proper invoices and ccrtificau.s of j these purchases have been prepared, and , conlul,ent llralts have been drawn on the ; dcnanmcnt. nuVabic alter an annroDriati-

j u 1 1 - ' on shall be made tor that purpose. A ; as it interrupts ihe continuitv of hc setschedule of these drafts, dated the i8ih tlements, and prevents her iromcr..ering

mst. accompanies mis leuer. louitm are annexed the invoices which will tuny explain the nature of the supplies which have bet n iutnisnc d. Provisions have been made for the payment of certain ciaims against the Polu watamies amotu ln;:; to the sum of Sy,57.'3. I h'.be claims have been agreed to, v. the particular req-.K s ot the tribe, and the claimants arc exclusively Indian traders, vhoe property and sei vices have been scattered through the whose Indian countiy. Considerable deductions have been made from allot them, and the 101awaramics are anxious 101 meir pa)ovi.i, , as well to be relieved from the messine i 0f these debts, as to procuiCMich ciedit hereafter asthcir necessities may reqnhc. Lands have been granted to various in - dividuals, as will appear by the subjoined schedule, which exhibits the extent and situation or these tracts. Almost all ol these persons arc of IiuSia'n descent, und the few ho arc not so are connected in. them by early associa'bn by trjde, or by que unices have mateti.oly aute i v. a du: itr the negotiation. lit n: tier toj i ud anv imputations, we have it - ci ted a pro hio that any of these nam' roay b- c::pu'i;; d fVom tite treaty, iius v.c trust that 'r will net be h iuvd ncc . s w v for iui SviiUo to exercise tins p n- c: . t!oniide: i c. ipectatiuns arc indulge i by lire Ii A?v. a::;! the p-csotra interested, ts;u these will be confirmed, and trey i- lact con ;tiuite ?n biieral pari of tiic . oiiideratioji for tl.e cession U wa'i irnposv.blc to pi ac tire t'ne assent ih.; Pvitaaiaiiiii b ot Aii.oiiies tc u i -w-jit of the Mississippi, 'i hey

arc net yc!. nrepaied for important . h m you with tje deed's of a semi bareium.;e la thvit situation Time, 1 he d-- J b 00s nt p.ori.vtii.n, which occupied 'it. struction ul pnii, i.nd tl. appcoximaticn I n.atiy day-?, it is enough tos.jV lhat t:c ol one s'Utienicnts atencccssaty l eo:e j ' rraty exhibit the nmrt c Kant. !;li,Uj alibis nu autcean be c-.tsiuby piopo ratnemcnts w!-,ich could be made. Fed to them. It was ii!;ul.h far as pan- j ; i.e annuiiies due from fnimcr treaties

deiice permitted, aou in lact lhat it be came apparent that tuilhcr pei-suasion would tlefeat every object v,e hail in view. It was then important that ihe Indians

, c;u a resou to shnuld be separated into bands, by the iooi.r:jt Iiiliandis- t c t u iitioo ii our sculemenis. As Ifi'ic

as th c cm loam unmolested through the e j-.a.'iy, wc 01 y in vai.i expect either to reclaim them Irom the savage life thev lea !, .: to iaduce ilimm seek a rc-idcncc i :.ei e in it habits and nu' suits All I t. h'.-hs li'iia ious to us. We could not pui eii.vc any jatlieuiar distticl near the ct !i ue ol Me Potawatamic couairv. hut t at ti;bc liceiv consetitecl to ive us e n.r ii ; tjd vuscaibcum UtC treaty, 5 f ir U i sculcuiv lit along it Such a ioad may at ;dl tines be uscltd to the mint, a eli'n;.v, and ii will readily turnish them v. lib au-ket lor their game, and the j mean 0 1 procm'ug their aceustotned sup)lics. But what is much moic impoitant to us, it will sever their possessions, and lead them at no distant day to place their

ouilgt. The district embraced in the Mi ami cession is probacy equal in value to any other tract similar in extent in the western countiy ; and its acquisition wai hichlv imuortant to the State' of I. diur.a.

upon mat system ot uu. nat nnmovcments, to winch she is united by mature, policy and intuicst l le right convened by the Mianies is also mote extensive tiian 1 1 1 a t conveyed by the Poiawatamies. The latter have ceded their right to the country uhhin specific, bounds. To the largest, and much the most important oi the three cessions made by them, the M'umi claim is the most valid. I3ut the Miamii iiave also ceded their whole right 10 the country 1.01th of the W abash, .ith the esc. ption of a few bmall reservations. Th? U. otaies, oy tins cession, nave acquueti a joint interest with the Potawatamie s to an extensive district of countiy, urul abnouich a just regard to public opinion, as w 11 as to tlie situation of the Indians, vi! probab'.y prevent them ftom taking po-. ses-i'n of am part of it, without the for ma' eon-em of the Potawatamics, still the extinguishment oi" the Miami claim v. ill enable us to negotiate with u.oie tiTic'nn--.; , n 1 n ti..: pn;per lime anivcsfor the The extent of tins Miami claim we do net know, and it must be left to the jovrunic it hcr-eaher to ascertain it, when -.i'jh a mcatt; brtomes necessary. The ".han,j,-s a; . al-jo better organized in their t;')vn :.mcnt tiian the Potawatamies, arid 'heir red.uct d numbers enable then) toact with moii: unanimity. Tiie prvccdint; anMn'mes due to them were considerable, and they were aware that the possession ol the country was highly important to us. ! Under t';ee circumstances, it was neces- ; sl'I y to ,,ne them n.uch more for the u i l.i.cjuislaui i.t they nude, than was ricu J to toe Potawatamies. And, uiihou' irotito tt.e Miamics amount to gl8,4CO. C on scrjuei.i : the pern- anent annuity given In t.;s iicaty vviu be gts.t.oo. liut we have procured me insertion of a provision, ap plicabie lo preceding annuities as v. ell as to this, by which their duration will depond on the. exigence of the tribe The Miamies arogreaiiv reduced in numbers, md 'ike ail the tribes in this quarter, they ! aac in a rapid stale of dte'ension. A i pt ri tual annuity vvouhl be pa) able as ioi;v ai an ir.div idual of the tribe might remain. Rjt bv the present arrangement ' i-4is heav v debt will cease v. hen thev be- ; c .me i.-eo j tM iteel w ith Mime more pow- . etlul aca! bimbed tribe, aiid this event can- ! To, be veiy t o.(,te. The ipproprialions t .r the suppoitof their poor, and for the (duca;ian of their vouih. being limited ; like that to ihe Potawatamies, we do not ' consider as pi est tiling any diflicu way of the ra'ificaiion of the ! 'i he temporary annuity of 10,( b!e in 1827, and of g5:0C0payabl ulty in the treaty 10,000 payanavablcin 1828

ana g25780aie tc be puid for it. TheiO are ihe prmcipa1 cin cu ai c cci.r.ecttd ith t'ne negotiation, u.ncl with th tttatics which have its ilivcl fretn it, that nt deem it impotiant 10 M.Lndt to vou. hve never lost su,!u a the interests of the U. States, nor have wt fc,rjottcn tl:at wc were t:eatit-K v.iih j roor mi sex able neo.

p:e, tne Ieeh:e ;ew.f ar ovr.Cis of the counirv ol tl. former ptcple who have sustained many ii.juties from us and who havi n.ar.y claims epon our justice and humanuy. Wc -.e rr.ed it na pait cf our duly to prtbs ti-em to the giound. To procure their country for ihe leasl possible price, we have alh wed them a con-.ideration Dcre valuable than the cession they have made. 'I he game is nearly exhausted, and there is little elao which they derive frcm it. n dcinpthis we believed we were cocsubinp the views of our government ai d tht lYclb ps and opinions of out cccn'ry. c shall be happy to finn that our corduc has bcea approved, and that the treaty has been ratified. Certain we are, that another or a better one will not be procured, without pursuing a system which we trust will find few advocates. The sum appropriated for holding these tieaties, and which we have diawn for, has been placed in the hands of Ma, R A.Poisvtb, sub agent in the Ii eiian Dcpaumt nt, und appointed by us social Commissary loi that purpose The who!6 has been propci:- xperu ed ar ?i flu- VoUchcis have cen examined i.i u approved by us. He wih imnediately tiara rr.it hi accounts to thcTreasu ) for sculerr.ent Very respectful ;y We ate, vir. Your o!'t serv'ts, LEW IS CASS J BROWN RAY, . JO MM TIP I ON. Hon. James BAnuovit, Secretary at ai J?i:n the A Y Commercial Jdvertis Bolivia' A liitnd has put into r.ur hands, the pi jce I a constitution f t Bolivia, prepaied by tht Lite i alor a: : e re-f-Uist of the piimary Confess J: ihaS new republic, tcgethci vvith a prelmnary discomse on government by the same di linguished man '1 he discouise is altctjuher so cLiicua ; in itself, lhat we intend to translate it at , ic: i'th To day we can itive t. clay we can give f cthirsr mote than a sketch ol the new foim o' governtr.es t prep :.:d by Bolivar for the republic y. r:c: b i uU name, and which, ban., s:: .biai as it :n many respectSj wc ojy . Ap-. u v, id be idupted, since his wo; d Is a av. t., uie u'h A:erjca.T HctMofo.e, the v outii Ann ctr,3, i(J organizing Inei; gc-vcn t; en a, haw been content tocoj.y j- c U .iuc! ?a:e-, -9 well as they knew how, and a tar as c:Tcuir stances would permit: tu v.Leti-; ,hcy have found that the stc-u ot txcir'.y n tho two hemispheres is so wide. different as to require a different pcitical orgcnizaii. cn, or whether thei: leisure is simply leading them to new political specula ions, certain it is that this new constitution indicates a disposition to make much les use in future cf the mrdcl which they w ere till now content to copy. The Government cf Bolivia is declared to be a popular represented government Slavery is abolished, ar.d equality declared to be established. It is a cov$olid aicd government, not federal l he expediency of allowing tocvey district the power tomsr.age its own affairs, is, however, admuted, Sc thu principle is thought to be picserved, in alh. wing to electors chosen by the people in each province, the privilege ol nomtn iting tor municipal offices, the nominations beir g afterwards confirmed by the Executive and Legislature in the manner mei tior.ed below The great body of cit zens have nothing more to do with the government than to choose electors Insanity fraudulent bankruptcy, conviction in a court of justice, drunkenness, garntlingard mendicity, deprive a man of the right of voting for electors. &vcry icq citizens chQc:o as clicta