Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 17, Number 36, Vincennes, Knox County, 14 October 1826 — Page 1

WESTERN SUN h GENEKAI, ABVERT18EB.

w - BY ELIHU STOUT. VINCENNES, (IND.) SATURDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1826. Vol. 17. No. 30.

1

THE IVFSTFRJV STT To say, as Mr. Wilson does, that a bill of i declaration, and let them pass the parts, tion of hr citizens

ic .,ui:.,u t. iv rights was not necessary, because alY is I of the constitution you have approved. their proper origin.

v r. , reserved in the case of the general p-dv- ! These will pive novvers to vour Federal t sit i vet. when I

. . . r D t I o I J i

jrirTY cents tor rijtu

which may be discharged by the payment of TWO DOLLARS at the time

of subcription.

Payment in advance being the mutual WIU11 . 7"

ernment which is not given, while in th

particular ones, all is given which is not reserved, might do for the audience to

which it was addressed, but it is surely a

, u r ... u : i, : i .

interest of both parties, that mode is so- p ... 1 . . ... ,b, r . . 1 ; just as well be said ; and it is opposed by

A failure to notify a wish to discontin- j

uc at the expiration of the time sub-

scribed tor, will be consiuerea a new engagement. No subscriber at liberty to discontinue until all arrearages are paid. Subscribers must paf the postage of their papers sent by mail. Letters by mail to the Editor on business must be paid, or they will not be attended to. Advertisements inserted on the customary tcrmv&T Persons sending Advertisements, must specify the number of times they wish them inserted, or they will be continued until ordered out, and must be paid for accordingly.

MR. JEFFERSON, on the Conslitufiorc. Not long after the adoption of pur constitution, the late colonel Forrest, of Georgetown, (D.C.) in the course of his correspondence with Mr. Jefferson, asked his opinion of that instrument. The reply to this inquiry will be perused with peculiar interest at the present moment. (Port Folio. tauis 31st Dec. 1737. Dear Sir Justbelote I received your favor, asking my opinion on our new constitution, I had written my sentiments on the subject fully to my friend Mr. Madison. They concurred so exactly with yours, that the communication of them could answer no end but that of showing my readiness to obey you. I therefore exirc'ed that part of my letter to him, an 1 have reserved it for a good private conveyance, which has neerorTcrc l till now, by Mr. Parker. Though I pretend to make no mystery of my opinion, yet my distance from the scene gives me too much diffulenc in my views of it, to detail them lengthily and publicly. This diffidence is increased by my high opinion of the abilities and honest v of the fram-

ers of the constitution. Yet we cannot

strong inferences from the body of the in

strument, as well as from the omission of the cause of our present confederation,

which had made the reservation in express terms. It was hard to conclude, because there has been a want of unifor

mity among the states as to the cases tri

would attribute to

the objects of mv ti-

reflect upon the man-

Government sufficient for your happi- agement and intrigue which are oneiatint

ness.' This is what might be said, and abroad, the magnitude of the principles would probably produce a speedy, more which they are endeavoring to supplant, perfect, and more permanent form of go- and the many means which they can draw vernment. At all events, I hope you will to their assistance from the patronage of not be discouraged from making other the government, I feel it is not less due trials, if the present should fail we are to myself and to principle, than to the Anevcr permitted to despair of the com- mcrican people, pa, ticulariy so far as they monwcalth. have sanctioned my political creed, to 44 1 have thus told you freely what I like, steer clear of every conduct out ct which and what I dislike, merely as matter of the idea might arise, that I wasma ceuvcuriosity ; for I know it is not in my pow- ring for n.y own aggranenzt mem It it be er to offer matter of information to vour tiue. that theadministiatior l ave core in-

able by jury, because some have been so ; judgment, which has been formed after to power contiary to the voice-ol the naincautious as to dispense with this mode j hearing and weighing everything which tion, and ate now expecting by means of of trial in certain cases; therefore the i the wisdom of man could offer on these this power,thus acquired, to mou d ihe

subjects. I own I am not a friend to a public will into an acquiescer.ee with very energetic government ; it is always their authority, then is the isue fan ly oppressive; it places the governors in- made out shall the government or the deed more at their ease, at the expense of people rule ? And it becomes the man the people. The late rebellion in Mas- whom the people shall it dicate as their sachusetts has given more ala m than I lightful rtpi tentative in this solemn isthink it should have done. Calculate that sue, so to have acquitted himself, that

one rebellion in thnteen states, in the course ot eleven years, is but one or each state in a century and a half. No country should belong without one, 1 o will any degree ot power in the hands ol gov

ernment prevent insurrections. In JLng-

more prudent states shall be reduced to the same level of calamity. It would have been much more just and wise to have concluded the other way, that, as most of the states had preserved with jealousy this sacred palladium of liberty, those who had wandered should be brot back to it; and to have established general right, rather than general wrong. For I consider all the ill as established, which may be established. I have a right to nothing, which another has a right to takeaway; Sc congress will have aright to take away trials by jury in all civ il cases. Let me add, that a bill of rights is what the people are entitled to against every government on earth, general or particular ; and what no just government should refuse, or rest on inferences. "The second feature I disliljlnd strongly dislike, is the abandonment?' ft) every instance, of ti e principle of rotation in office, and most particularly it) the case of the president. Reason and experience tell us that the first magistrate will always be re-elected, it he may be re-elected. He is then an officer for life This once observed, it becomes of so much consequence to certain nations to have a friend or a foe at the head of our affaits, that they will interfere, with money and with arms A Gallotnan or an Anghiman will be supported by the nation he befriends. If once elected, and at a second or third election outvoted by one or two votes, he will pretend false votes, foul play, hold possession of the run of gov

ernment, he supported by the states vot-

while he displaces thoe eiemies of lib

er', thcie w4.t I e nothing in Lis own example to opera against the strength and tin ability ol 1 e g r vn cm. W ith this 1 : luiid t'Xpicss on ot mv feelings on this subjict. 1 hope you will recognize nothing inconsistent with the lijins which mv fihnds it. K o'Urky have uj on me Were i ur cor.rccU'O with

land, where the hand of per we r is heavier than with us, theieare seldom ha!f ado -zen years without an insurrection. In

Fiance, where it is still heavier, but less the pi e sent contest, ycu may assured, despotic, as Montesquieu supposes, than that whetevtr my preserve 01 n.y iubor in some other countries, and wheicthere would be useful in ai resting the efforts of are always two or three hundred thousand int.iguc and managenert I sin uld not men ready to crush insurrections, there hesitate to repair to h? pr.-s which my have been three in the course 01 the three friends might indicate as ih-. mos; typoyears I have been heie, in every one of sed. It is a source of much ugft to which, gt eater numbeis were engaged disappoint jour wishes, and others, our than in Massachusetts, arid a gieut deal mutual fi ici els in Kentucky; tut, as more blood was spilt. In 1 ui key. w hct e things ate. unless M.. J's I t alth should the sole nod of the despot is death, insur- render it ncces; . I think vc-u will corcctions are the events ot every clay ! incide with n e that a visit to Kentucky

help thinking for ourselves. I suppose I j ing lor him, especially if they be the ecu-

sec much precious improvement in it, but

some seeds of danger, which might have been kept out of sight of the frame rs by a consciousness of their own honesty, and a presumption that all succeeding tulcts would be as honest as themselves. Make

tral one, lying in a compact body them

selves, and separating their opnonenr and they will be aided by one nation n Em-ope, while the majority are aidedHfy another. Tho election of a nrcsidenttrf

Atnei ica, s' me years hence, wH he much

whit use you please of the contents of the ! more interesting to certain nations ol

papet, but without quoting its author, j rope, than even the election ot a king of who has no pretention to see what is hid- . Poland was.

pretention

den from others I have the honor to be, with esteem, Sc respect, dear sir, your most obedient humble servant, Til. JEFFERSON. Col. FORUEST. ' I like much the general idea of framing a government which should go on of itself peaceably, without needing continual recurrence to the state legislatures. I like the organization ol the government into Legislative, Judiciary 5c Executive. I like the power given the Legislature to levy taxes, and, for that reason solely, 1 approve of the greater house being cho-

" Reflect on all the instances in history ancient and modern, of elective monarchies, and say if they do not give foundation tor my fears. The Roman emperors, the popes, while they were ot any importence, the German emperors, till they became hereditary in practice, the kings of Poiand, the xleys of the Ottoman dependencies. It may be said that if elections arc to be attended with these disorders, the seldotner they are repeated the better. But experience says, that, to free them from disorder, they must be rendered less inlet esting by a necessity of change. No torcitrn power, nor domestic

sen by the people directly : for, though I ( pat ty, will waste their biood and money to

think a house so chosen will be very tar

inferior to the present congress, will be very illy qualified to legislate for the union, for foreign nations, xc yet this evil does not weigh against the good of preserving inviolate the fundamen a! pt inci-

ple that the people arc not to be taxed but by representatives chosen immediately by themselves. I am captivated by the compromise of the opposite claims of the great and little states, of the latter to equal, and the former to proportional influence I am much pleased, too, with the substitution of the method of voting by persons, instead of that of voting bystates; and I like the negative given to the executive, conjointly with a third of

VrvVithcr house, though I should have liked it better had the Judiciary been associat- , r . t . : . I

C(l lor mat. purpose, or uiveeu seivitaiely with a similar power. Thcte are ether good things of less moment. I will now tell you what I do not like First, the omission of a Bill of Rights, providing clearly, and without the aid of sophisms, for freedom of religion, freedom cf the press, protection against stan ding armies, restriction of monopolies, the eternal and unremitting force of the habeas corpus laws, and trials by jury in all matters of fact triable by the laws of :belind, and notbv the l.wv of nations.

Compare again the let ocious. depredations of their insurgents, with the order, the moderation, and the almost self-extinguishment ot our, and say, finally, whether peace is best preserved by giving cnenrv to the government, or information to the people-. This Usi. is the most certain and the most legitimate engine of go

vernment. Educate and inform the whole

mas s of the people, enable them to see that it is their interest to preserve peace and order, and they will preserve it ; and it requires no very high degree ol education to convince them cf this ; they are the only sure reliance for the preservation of our liberty. After all, it is my prin

ciple that the will ot the majority should ptevail. If they approve the proposed constitution in alt i;s parts, I shalTcWjaiir in it cheerfully, in hopes they wll atrfend it whenever they shall findirHvtorK!s. wrong. This reliance cannot dtcerVe us, as long as we remain virtuous; ahd I think vvc shall remain that, as h.ng as ag1 iculturc is our principal object, which will be the case while there remain vacant lands in any part of America. When we get piled upon one another in large cities, as in Europe, we shall become corrupt as in Europe. I have tired you by this time with disquisitions which you have already heard repeated by others a thousand and a thousand times, and therefore shall only add assurance of the esteem and attachment, with which I have the honor lobe, dear sir," Sec.

electa person v. ho must go ou at the end of a short period. The power ot removing every fourth year by the vote of the people, is a power which they will not

exercise ; and if they were disposed to j exercise it, they would not be permitted, j The king of Poland is removeable every day by the diet, but they never remove him, nor would Russia, the emperor, See. permit them to do it. Smaller objections , are the appeal on matters of fact as well j as law ; and the binding all persons, leg- ! islative, executive, and judiciaiy,by oath to maintain that constitution. I do not m et nd to decide what would be the best

TC THE EDITORS OF THE ARGUS. Gewtemen The following letter was written in reply to a letter from a gentleman of this state, requesting gen. Jackson to vUit Kentucky for the purpose of counteracting the intiigue and management of cci tain prominent individuals aguinst him. You will please to insert it in the Argus, and oblige yours, Sec. hermitage, July 31. Jliy dear sir Your favor of the 21st inst. is received, reassuring me of the w ish of many of my friends in Kentucky, that I should visit the Harrodsburc

method of procuring the establishment of Springs. I had spoken carly.in the spring

the manifold gocd thirds in this constitu

tion, and of getting tid of the bad ; whe

ther by adopting it in hopes of future a-

mend mem ; or. alter

weighed and

it shall nauetreen

canvassed lv tfaJVeo-

of this visit, because those waters had

been recommended as necessary to the restoration of Mis Jacksons health, and there was additional gtatification derived

from the hope that I would see rrtanyot

duly

pie, after seeing the parts they genWally my old friends in Kentucky. whos6 corn

dislike, and those they generally approve, pany at all times vvouid he pleasing tome to say to them, we sec rot what fou But inasmuch as Mts. J is lately so far wish; you are willing to que to your Fc- improved as r.ct to render this trip nederal Government such and such powers ccssaiy, it seems to me v cry questionable but vou wish at the. same lime, to have whether, without this necessity, I ought Mich and such fundamental rights secur- to yield to oilier considt rations, at this ed to you, and certain sources of convul- i juncture. I know that so far as Kentuc sion taken away; be it so send together ky is concerned, the unjust imputations

which it is my wish to avoid, would never be raised ; or rather, that a great propor-

your deputies again, let them establish your fundamental lights by a sacrosanct

woulo be niiprc o at this period I hall be happv to heai :rom you on the receipt of this. Ilasti v, vout fr i nd, ANDREW JACKSON. CjWTIOXMxs. IaiGH. the principal of the New York Institution for curing stammering, and other impediments ol speech, feels a duty she owes to the public as well as hcrsel', to caution thera against the imposition f t a number ot person: who are going about the county, under pretence of curing stammering, on t.er sj s cm. She was infor med, about a mcnthsince that 20 or 30 of those pretenders started from Washington county, in this siate, Sc practised the m st shameful impositions in different pai ts of the country on the too credulous victims of their pretensions.. In many cases, the health ot individuals has been injured bv their practices Mr. Lcign makes rl.en assertions with confidence, as a r.un I cr ot s? an, merer s on whom they hud paiised their impoT'ions, and who hud si fTeied in their health, by undergoing a severe disc?p in-, have since come to her institution ro he cmcd. As several of the pretenders I a e gone to the western part ot this staa.k some

contemplate visiting the southern stateseditors of new spapers who feel a disposition to guard an unfortunate portion ot the community ag-unst such impositions, will cheerfully give publicity to this caution. Mrs. Leig': would not have tken so public a notice of this subject, did not these pretenders avow that they teach on her system Those pe r s' ns employed by her and Di Yates, as agents, fmbhcly d venire themselves as such; aid wo one can teach her systerr, except tl,oe who have been qualified in her institution for that purpose, and who possess written au thority nom her or Dr Yates The following are the names of some of those who pretend to cure on rur system : Gibbs and Hyde, of Washington cuun;y ; two lads by the name of Hammond, and a fellow by the name of I.iswell, Montgomery county. Those persons have all an infinite number of agents and s b agrnts. A"w York Institution, fcr curing ttam meting. fc Sefit 15.

A letter from Portland published in the Boston Palladium of Tuesday, says 44 Some persons have arrived in town from Vermont, who mention that a peak of the White hills fell down, during the late rains, and filled up the toads so as to stop all passing and the house near the notch was left by its inhabitant; nine in number who are supposed to have all perished. The house remains, but ihe barn fx. shed are destroyed, with some horses, Sec. Tho Saco river roie to a great height."