Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 16, Number 46, Vincennes, Knox County, 31 December 1825 — Page 3

to the history only of the half century since the declaration of our independence, and observing the generous emulation -with the governments of Fiance, Great Britain, and Russia, have devoted the genius, the intelligence, the treasures of their respective nations, to the common improvement of the species in these branches of science, is it not incumbent Upon us to inquire, whether we are not bound, by obligations of a high and honorable character, to contribute our portion of energy and exertion, to the common stock ? The voyages of discovery, prosecuted in the course of that lime, at the expense of those nations, have not only redounded to their glory, but to the improvement of human knowledge. We have bcn partakers of that improvement, and owe for it, a sacred debt, not only of gratitude, out of equal or proportional exertion in the same common cause. Of the cost of these undertakings, if the mere expenditures, were to be considered the only charges, it would be unworthy of a great and generous nation, to take a second thought. One hundred expeditions of circumnavigation, like those of Cook and La Perouse, would not burden the exchequer of the nation fitting them out so much as tiie ways St means of defraying a single campaign in war. LJut. if Ave take into the account, the lives of thoe btnetactors cf mankind, of which their services in the cause of their species, were the purchase, how shall the cost of those heroic enterprizes be estimated f And what compensation can be made to them, or to their countries for them ? Is it not by bearing them in affectionate remembrance ? By enabling countrymen of our own, to pursue the same career, and to hazard their lives in the same cause f In inviting the attention of Congress to the subject of internal improvements, upon a view thus enlarged, it is not my design to recommcd the equipment of an expedition for the circumnavigating of the globe for purposes of scientific research

and inquiry. We have objects of useful investigation nearer home, and to which our cares may be more beneficially applied. The interior of our own ten itorics, has yet been very imperfectly explored. Our coasts, along many degrees of latitude upon the shores of the Pacific ocean, though much frequented by our spirited commercial navigators, have been barely visited by our public ships. The River of the West, first fully dis covered and navigated by a countryman of our own, still bears the name of the ship in which he ascended its waters, and claims the protection of our armed national flag at its mouth. With the establishment of a military post there, or at some other point of that coat, rccom mended by our predecessor, and already matured, in the deliberations of the last Congress, I would suggest the expediency of connecting the equipment of a public ship for exploration of the whole northwest coast of this continent. The establishment of an uniform standard of weights and measures, was one of the specific objects contemplated in the formation of our constitution, and to fix that standard, was one of the powers delegated by express terms, in that instrument, to Congress. The governments of Great Britain and France, have scarcely ceased to be occupied with inquiries h speculations on the same subject, since the existence of our constitution, and with them it has expanded into profound, laborious and expensive researches into the figure of the eaith, and the comparative length of the pcndulcm vibrating seconds in various latitudes, from the Equator to the Pole. These researches have resulted in the composition and publication of several works, highly interesting to the i cause of science. The experiments arc

yet in the process of performance. Some of them have been recently made on our shores, within tiie walls of one of our colleges, and partly by one of our own fellovycitizens. It would be. honorable to our country, if the sequel of the same experiments should be countenanced by the patronage of our government, as they have hitherto been by those of France S Britain Connected with the establishment of an University, or separate from it, might be undertaken the erection of an astronomical observatory, with provision for

the sunnort oi an astronomer, 10 uc in

the physical constitution of the univejse, by the means of these buildings, ami ot observers stationed in them, "shall we doubt of their usefulness to every nation ? And, while scarcely a year passes over our heads, without bringing some new astronomical discovery to light, which we must fain receive at second hand, from Europe, are we not cutting ourselves off from the means of returning light for light, while wc have neither observatory nor observer upon our half of the globe, and the earth revolves in perpetual darkness to our unsearching eyes. When, on the 25th ol Oct. 1791, the first President of the United States an. nounced to Congress, the result of the

first enumeration of the inhabitant of this Union, he informed them that the returns gave the pleasing assurance that the population of the United States bordered on four millions of persons. At the distance of thirty years from that time, the last enumeration, five years since completed, presented a population bordering upon ten millions. Perhaps, ol all the

evidences of a prosperous and happycondition of human society, the rapidity of the increase of population, is the most unequivocal. But the dcmonsti atienijif our prosperity, tests not alone upon tfcis indication Our commeice, our wealth, and the extent of our territories, have increased in con espousing proportions: and the number ol independent communities, associated in .our Federal Union, has, since that time, nearly doubled The legislative representation of the states and people, in the two houses of Congress, has grown with the growth of their constituent bodies. The House, which then consisted ofsixtyfive mem bers, now numbers upward of two hundred. The Senate, which consisted of twenty-six mcmbci s, has now forty-eight. But the Executive, anil still more the Judiciary departments, arc yet, in a great measure, confined to their primitive organization, and are now not adequate to the urgent wants of a still glowing community. Hie naval armaments, which, at an early period, forced themselves upon the necessities of the Union, soon led to the establishment ol Department of a Na vy. But the Departments of Foreign Affairs, and of the interior, which, early after the formation of the government, " hud been united in one, continue so united at this time, to the unquestionable detriment of the public service. The multiplication ol our leiations with the nations and governments of the old uoi Id, has kept pace with that of our population and commcice, while, within the last tc a ycaih a new family of nations, in our on a hemisphere, has arisen among the inhabitants of the earth, with w hom our intercom so,

commercial and political, would, of itself, 1

iuinish occupation to an active and industrious dcpaitment. The constitution of the Judiciary, experimental and imperfect as it was, even in the infancy of vv.r existing government, is yet more inadequate to the administration of national justice at our present maturity. Nino years have elapsed since a predecessor in this office, now not tiie last, the citizen who, perhaps, of all others through qui the Union, contributed most to the formation and establishment of our coiYstitlition, in his valedictory address to tout gress immediately pieceding his retire

ment lotm public hie, in gently recommended the revision of the judiciary, and the establishment of an additional exec utivc department. The exigencies of the public service, and its unavoidable deficiencies, as now in exercise, have added yearly cumulative weight to the considerations, presented by him as persuasive

to the measure, and in lecemmcndi, g it to your considerations. I am happv to

have the influence of his high authority,

in aid of the undoubling convictions of

my own experience. The laws relating to the administrati

on of the patent ollice, aie deserving of

much consideration, and, pci haps, susceptible of some improvement. The giant of p wcr to regulate the action ol congress on this subjec., has specified both the end to be attained, and the means by which it is to be effected to piomotc the progress of science 5c the useful aits, by securing for limi'cd times to authors, and inventors the exclusive tight to their respective writings and discoveiies. It

an honest piide might be indulged in the

should be creeled by the U. S. in the ca

pttoi, at tnc city ot v aahmgton ; mat me lamily of gen. V ashington should be re

quested to permit his body to be deposited under it; and that the monument be so designed as to commemorate the gr?at events of his military and political life. In reminding congress of this resolution,

and that the monument contemplated byit remains yet without execution, I shall indulge only the remarks, that the woiks in the capitol are approaching to comple tion ; that l.ie consent of the lamily, desired by the resolution, was requested and obtained ; that a monument has been recently erected in this city, at the expense of the nation, over the remains of another distinguished patriot of the revolution and that a spot has been reserved within the walls where you arc dclibei aling for the benefit of this and future ages, in which the mortal remains may be deposited of him whose spirit hovers over you, and listens with delight to every acjol the representatives of his nation which can tend to exult and adorn his and their count! y. The constitution i der which vcu are assembled is a churtei flimited powers. After full and solemn 'I' . hberuti.m upon all oi anv of the objects, 'vm,-h, urged by an irresistible sense of my own duty, 1 have recommended to your attention, should vi'i come to the conclusion, that, ho v ever d'-sirable in themselves, the enactment of laws for ejecting them would transcend the powers committed to yon by that venerable instrument which we are all bound to suppert ; let no consideration induce vou to assume tho e xer

cise of power:, -sot granted to vou bv the r.eo-

ne. nm,u me power to exercise exclusive 1 - . i it

legislation m a!i cases whatsoever over the

district ot ( olntnbia ; if the novver to lav is

collect taxes, duties, imposts and excise, to

p iv the eleots, ami provide for the common

(klence anil general weltare of the U. S. it' the power to regulate commerce with foreign nat;ons and amoinr tiie Several states . nil

with the Indian tribes ; to fix the standard of

u eights and measures ; to establish post-offices & post-roads ; to declare war ; to raise

and support armies ; to provide and main tain a navy ; to dispose of & m ike all need

iui rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging io the U.

Mates ; and to m ik. all laws which shall be

necessary 6: proper fur carrying these powers into execution : if these powers, ai.d o tlicrs enumerated m the constitution, may be

ellectuahy brought into action by laws oro

nr-ting the improvement of agi iculture. com

merce and manufactures, the cultivation and encouragement of the mechanic and of the elegant arts, the advancement of literature, ami the progress ti the sciences, ornamental tfc pmi( mid, to refrain from exercising them tor the benefit of the people themselves.

w iima oe to nice in the earth the talent committed to our charge would be treachevv to t.te most sacred of trusts. . , ...

i ne spirit t improverupit is abroad upon

wiv. kuci. ie Miu.uiaica thejheart, and shai tliUK' I In. t ii'll ill.ii l i

j'in ur mm,;,, oi our reilow citizen

aione, but ot the nations oiKurope, and of

IlC

riXCEXXF.S, DECEMBER 3 1 , 1823;

In this day s paptt 1 have given i

i resident message at the opening of congress, to the exclusion of a number of articles prepared for the press. The Editor presents his rtaders with

the passing compliments ol ti e

vc; m n

GEOKGE FOSTEH, xu

informs tnc inhabitants ol Vinc nn s, that i i

opening nis SCHOOL on

he intends

llllc. I II l II,,. ... .1 . I

their rule rs.

o..ok-, ii ,n u-iM vnc superior excellence oi our political invitations, let us not be unnundtul that hbc rty is power ; that the nation blcseu with the largest port on of liberty, must, in proportion to its nu nbers, be the most powerful nation upon earth ; and that tiie tenure of power by man, is in the moral purposes of his t reaior, upon condition that it shall be exercised to ends of beneficence, t. improve the conditi n of himself and his fellow men. W hile foreign nat.ons, less blessed with that freedom which is power, than oursee.es are advancing with gigantic strides in tiie carter oi public improvement; were we to slumbe r in indolence, or fold up our arms and proclaim to the world that we arc palsied by the will of our constituents, would it not be to cast awav the boumie s of 1'iovi-

infe-

ivv-

uiieh r the

ot one st.ite ot

ty untoldinir its

constant attendance of observation upon ' nction, that on the records of that of-

the phenomena of the heavens, and for the periodical publications. It is with no feeling of pride, as an American, that the remark may be made, that, on the comparatively small territorial surface of Europe, there are existing upwards of 130 of these lighthtuses of thr skies; ujule, throughout the whole American hemisphere, there is not one. If we reflect a moment upjn the discoveries which, in the last four cenMuirs h:iv been made in

fice are already found inventions, the use

fulness of which has scarcely b en transcended in the annals of human ingenuity, would not its exultation be allayed by the inquiry, whether the laws have effectively insutcd to the inventors the reward

destined to them by the ernstituticu, cvI en a limited term of exclusive nirht to

their discoveries ? On the 24th of Dec. 1799, it was resolved bv congress that a marble monument

dence, and doom ourselves to perpetual ii riority In the course of the year now dr;

ing to its close, we have beheld,

auspice-, ami at the expense o! this Union, a new University

portals to tnc sons of science, and holeiu.i; up tin1 t.ivrli iif" li.im ii. ..... .... '

ii. t, .nu, imjji o eiuent to eves that seek the 1. gat. Wc have en, under the persevering and enlightened enteipnse ot another stale, the waters of the western . cs utility led with those of the ocean. If utK':eri.iku;s like these have been accomplished m the eon. pass of a few vears. bv tt...

authority ot -ingie members of our coi.icderatu)n,can we, uie representative authorities it the whole I nun, tall behind our fellow servants in the exenise of the trust e onunitteutous iorthcbctieht of our common sov ercigu, by the accomplishment of woiks important to the w hole, and to which neither the autiiority nor the lesources of any one Mute can he adequate ? i'm ally, fellow citizens, I shall await with cheering hope, and faithful co-operation, the result ol your deliberations ; assured that without encroaching upon the powers reM,,-' ved to the authorities ot the respective states or to the people, ,-u will, with a due suise ot v our onhg uu ns to your country, c t f the lnguresp,sibd:t.es weighing up, n'va.nseives, give elhcac) to the mean committed to v ou mr the common K,,od. And may Hc who sean lies the he,u ts of the children ot men prosper )..ur exeiti-.n, to secmc tiie bie-

si.i oi peuie, ami pronu te the I

i.u e ot our Country.

Monday next, at the house lauiv cctu-

pied by Mi s. Mallet, or in any other loom A tiiat a majority of the subscribers may provide and notify him of. he hopes by a sf ict attention to the duties of his profession, to merit a share o the pubMc patronage. Dercrobcr 24 IP25. Comiiriioners .-aie, I N C 1 1 A N C KR Y Bet w een, William Metideth, complainant, against John Stalcy, admstr &c. Fiancis Vitro Newton Edward Wcstfall, and othe'rs! defendants. JTHEKEAS by a decree of the CirV V cuit court of Knox cr-u .ty, in Chance. y, in the above cause. maofc he last term, it w.as anmr.fr oih.-r

"y'Tu.uujuu.trca a, C rf cd. that err

tain tracts of land. hHmr n.f.

XT ,

rso. 48, 74. & Q.Y

m uie wici ucnatiop. in Kn.-x coup'

mmzj.urhundrtd acre, tarn, rmd all the right, title and interest whieh .

be! U cstlall, now deceased, ,.. n

ft , - ' . i ' , ' IHH fll th llrl .

mtiein ai.o -o'.i t'.e .ien. claim or demand which And:e JI .ms P at the time of his death had Mt. ,,y --i in tie of a certain judgent ottn.C,neral court of the North Western Tcmu Ur mr h,'S bvr aKai said Abel U est lall, now deceased, and all the riMU, title and interest, lic, claim or demand W h:it iir i fr it T'

time had in or to said tracts ol land all t!w li.rl.t ...?..

- -. s-om.., "uercst, claim or 0"mand whatsoever of the said New to Ed ward vVcstfall, Ju,ct WcstMl, r.ow . ceased, John Fail hurst, ;.,d Sriv Ed. wards Wcufall his wile. Vimi, V t fall, Indiana Vcsfall, Jr.hn W. slv V.e't"ali, Milton Giles, and Mchma (iil heirs and devisees of ihe said Abel V est-

tan, ueceaseu, be exposed to pub i to the highest bidder, for cu.b, a,

t,cU to me purchju r herto

S1MB Iree nom all incuu.br

u v

- sa c,

ill FKK

'; i .r . it 1 . .,

ever in faxour of the said Abel UVolCi

Andrew Mnim . .. a

deceased,

. i ...

KU, or OI IllC sail H ire m. ,i A...

vicvs of the said Abel, deceased. ' h-o fore AOTICKhUcttby given, ihjx undesigned, the Commissioner ar. i,:t. cd by said decree, in pursuance o'u)d . !ccree, w, exfiOHt to pubic .air. to t,,c highest bidder, for cash, at the ,-nat house doo, in Vincn.nts on Va'vd.tv the fourteenth day vf January r.ext. hCtueen the hours ol w five o'ek-ck, m -mi Ion. o clock, p m. of that day, the fee vmtxle ot the siiU lots of land, ... the Old Uon-ition m Knox county, numbers lor.yeight, seventy lour, and ninety five, of four hund.cd aces each, fite from all ir.. cumbrancc, as afonaid. S. ALMY, Commissioner. SAML. JUDAH, Com'rs. Miy Deccmbei lu, 18:5. 43.5- g VlCr abovc trac, ,ot No is the Ucstlall farm, about four milts Urm Vinccnncs, has about 75 aces under fence, a good bnck dwelling house, orchard, uc. and well merits auciiiiori the title from the Commissioner will be unquestionable. Should the purchase require it, an arrangement can be made with the subscriber for a citdit f ,V

twelve, eighteen & twer.tv.fmir n,ruJ

for three fourths of the purchase money of the above tracts of land.

SAMl JUDAH. 1

asliiiu-ten, l)tc. f,

nit;ue .it ucb

John o. aia;:s.

Printing neatly executed at this oflicc.

hcriff's Sale.

virtue of a wiit of vend timi ex

poias, to me directed, f.rm th

C luks ofiicc of the Sullivan Circuit court, I will expose to public sale, at the (OUrt house door in Vii.cennes, on Monday, the second (by of January next, between the hours of ten o'clock, a. m and five o'clock, p. m. agreeably 10 the third section of the law subjecting teal and personal estate to execution, the followit g land, to u it .-sixty, four acres, and sevemy five hundredths of an acre, to be taken ofl of the south end ol a survey of one hundred a. d sixty acrcs, located by John Duley in tight of Michel Clermont, being paHot Location number tivo hundred and sixty ; also sixty acres of land, to be taken off of the south part fd Location number nvo t.un-

Vdred and eighty three, the same being

pai i 01 lour hundred acies, Lccaicd by John Duley, in light cf Michel Clermont, lying and being in Uusscron township, adjoining the county line between Knox and Subivan, as the property of John Duley, at the suit of James Lav son S ALMY, Shy. k.c December 9, 1825. 43-3t-g2