Western Sun & General Advertiser, Volume 12, Number 11, Vincennes, Knox County, 14 April 1821 — Page 2

to in a spirit of hostility to other power. hiic.'J a disposition noes nui exii towuids any jocr. I caoc and C.00U w i 4 have lci , and will neicuilei b-, ClUUvatcd xtiUx tui a:u by vh. inui taiihlul ivgaid to ju.cc. 'i ny have, been dictated by a U.ut peace, of economy , and an earnest cislie to sa c Uie lues ol oui fel-low-cili.tns tiom iuat e violation, hii h are inss Miiahic !. war, when it fi.i s us unpit pared tvii it. It i be. loved, at d cxpcitcacc ha siiown, that such u prep:.uuion i" the best expedient tint can bo resorted lo, tj prevent war I Mid, with mucu picasuiv, that considerable progress Iiju. already been made in these measure of defence, and that they ill be completed in a tew years, considering the gteal extent and importance of the object, if tuc plan bu zta.ously and steadily perctered in. The conduct of the jovcrment, in what relates to Lirciu powers, is always an object of tho higucst impot lance lo the nation. Its a&i icuiture, commei te, manufactures, fineries, revenue; in shoit, its peace, may all be a IV cted hj it. Attention is, therefore, due lo this subject At the puiod jd cited to, the puwe-s of liuropo, after having been engaged in long and ucstruemc wars with each other, had conaudtd a ptf.icc. which happily still exists. Our peace with ihc power with whom vr hail been engaged, had als been concluded The war between Spam and the colonies in South America, which had commenced iwanv yea ticfore, then ihc only conflict that lemained unsettled. This being a contest between dUVerent parts of the same community, in which other powers had not itucifercd, was not affected by their accommodations. Tiiis contest wis considered, at an early stage, by my predecessor, a civil war, in which the paities were entitled to tqiial ri ;hu i i our ports The decis ion, thi first mad.: by any power, being foiuittd on great cnsideration of the stienth and resources of the panics, the lengin of time, and successful opposition tmuL by the colonies, raid of all other circumstance. on which it ouht to depend, was in strict accord with the law of nations. Congress ha invariably acted on this principle, having made no change in our relations u iih either party. Our altitude hr.i thei cforc, been that of neutrality between them, which has been in untamed by the government with th strictest impartiality. No aid has been afforded to cither, or has any privilege been rojoved bv the one, which has not been cqu.my open to the other party ; andevety excttion has been made in its o tec, to on or :e the execution of ti e laws prohibiting illegal equipments, ith equal rigor against both. liy this equality betwten the parties, thtir public vessels have been received in cur j)orts on the same footing ; they hae enjoyed an equal right to purchase and export arms, munitions of war, and every other supply the exportation of U articles whatever being permitted under laws which were passed loni before the commencement of the contest ; our citizens have traded equally with both, and their commerce with each has been alike protected by the government. Respecting the attitude which it may be. proper for the United State to maintain hei liter between the parlies, 1 have no hesitation in stating it as my opinion, that the neutrality heretofore observed, should still be adherrd to From the change in the government of Spain, and

the negotiation now depending, invited by the CoiWs aha accepted by the colonics, it may be pie-sumtd Ihut their difference win be settled on the units proposed by the colonics. Should the war be continued, the United States, regarding iis occurrences, will always have it in their pwer to auopt such measures respecting it, s thtir honor and interest may tequire. Shortly af'er the gentral pcac, a band of adventurers ook advantage of this confiict, and of the Urility which it affouitd, to cstablikh a system ol buccaneering in the neighboring seas, to the great annoyance ol the commerce of the United States, and, as was represented, of thai of other powers. Of this spirit and ot its injurious keaiing on the United States, strong proois were afibided, by the establishment at Amelia Island, and the pui poses to which it was made instrumental, by this Wand in 1817, and by the occurrences w hich took place in other parts of Florida, in 1818, the details of which, in both instances arc too well known id require to be now reci'td. I am RUtisfi, d, had a lesjs decisive course been adopted, tf t the worst consequences ouId hac resulted from it. We have fcceti that these checks, decisive as they were, were not sulVuient to crush that piratical spiiit. Many culprits, brought nithin our limits, have bcn condenn.i d to suller dclh, 'i.j punishment rits: to that attrocioui crime. The decision el" upright and enligotcnt d tribunals tall equally on u!). v hotc crimes subject them, by a fir interpretation ot the law, to i?s censure It belongs to the Kxi cutiv not to a u Tier the exrei:tions, tiudci the drci?.ions. to transcend trie grrat purpose for whicii j)Utiishmnt it necessary. 1 ha full bvuriii of example being secured, policy, as well as humanity, equally foidids that they should be carried further. I have r.cted on this principle, pardoning thoic who appear to have been led estty by ignoiance of the. criminality of the ac's tlicr had committed, ancl suf.ering ihc law to tnkc efiect on those only, in whoso favor no extenuating circumstances cou'd be uii;cd; Great confidence is en'ertaii.rd. t'iat the lale trea'y with Sp.iin, hicli has been ratified bv both the partite, and the ratifications u hereof have been eci; ingd, has niaced the relations of the tn o countries on a ijais of permanent 'friendship The provision made by u for such of our citizens as hac clainu on Spain, of ihe character described, will, it is presumed, be very satisfactory to them ; and ihc boundary which is established between the territories of the parties, westward of the Mississippi, heretofore ia dispute, has, it is thought, been settled on conditions just and advantageous to boh. Hut. to the acquisition of Florida, too much importance cannot be attiehc d. II secures to t'.e United States a tas vitrny important in itself, and whose i:np.irtance is muck increased by its bearing on ma' ny of the highest interests of the Union. It opens to several of the neighbouring states i free ipassags to tl2 orean, through the province ceded, by several riven, having their sources high up within their limits. It secures Un against alt future annoyance fiom powerful Indian tribes. It gives us several excellent harbors in the Gulf of Mriico for ships of war of the largest s'ze. It rovers, by its position in the Gulf, the Mississippi and other great waci s within our extended limits, and thereby enables the United States to afford complete piotcction to

the vast and very valuable productions of oui whole wtsiem counti y, which find a market thtougn those sti earns. I3y a treaty with the ft litis h government, bcaiing date on the twentieth of October, one thousand eight hundied and eighteen, the convention regulating the

commerce between the UniteCJtatw and Great Britain, concluded on the tfuw3

Under the present depression of pices, affactinjr. all the pi eductions ct the countiv, alio oeiy l.ir.ncl oi iicmt:y proceeding frc:n causes explained on a former occasion, the icvenue iias ccns:derably ciiminir lied ; the effect cf which has been to compel Congress either to j.bandon these grirat mcasuies of Science,

or to resort to leans or internal tsxtt, to

ol July one thousand eight hundrccji atqEyupplr the deficiency. On the pitsumpfilUen, which was about expiring,as tion that this depression, and the dtfirevived and continued for the term of ten ciency in the revenue arising from it, years from the time of its expiration. would be temporary, loans w ere authotiIiy that treaty, also, the differences which zed for the demands cf the last and preshad arisen under the treaty of Ghent, its- cnt year. Anxious to relieve my fclpecting the right claimed by the United low-citizms in 1 3 1 7, from every buithen States for their citizens, to taka and cute which could be ditpensed with, and the fish on the coa-t of his lhitannic Majes- state of the 1 rcasuiy permitting it, I retys dominions in America with other commended the repeal of tho internal

difiertinces on important interests- were

adjusted, t the satisfaction of both par

ties. No agreement has yet been entered into respecting the commerce be-

taxe s, knv :i.g ihut 'uch relief wrs then peculiarly ntccst;ij, in consequence cf the great exertions mada in the late war. I made that recommendation under a

tween the United States and the British pledge that, should the public exigencies

dominions in the West Indies, and on this require a recurrence to ihtm at any lime continent. The restraints imposed on vrhile I remained in this trust. I would, tnat commerce by Great Britain, and re- "with equal promptitude, perform the duciprocated by the United Slates, on a ty which would then be alike incumbent

principle of defence, continue still in- on me. by tne cxpci imci.t now makirir

foice.

'I he negotiation with Fiance ftiCjhc rejjubtion of tlse commercial ?tlatlos betv. ven the two countries, whicPrtrie

it will be seen, by thenrxt session ol Congress, wacthar the revenue shall have

been so augmented as to be adequate

1 1 . 1 . ll

an wrac juLCksci v Mil noses. o ,OJ 5V

njurji; rj; w summer, na ucerr ' "

cou.n M'evg at Paris, has since been

tr'-d- rred to this ci'y, and will be puriv. !, on the part of the United States, in IV xpisit of conciliation, and with an earnest des'ne that ii may terminate in an arrangement sitNiactory to both parties. Our lelatit lis with the Barbaty powers

are preserved m the sunic sta;e, and by

1. . . f 1 t - l

f ? FinillI IT Tf trr i r rlw.it tf iemii

be permanent, the courre to bo 'pirsucd appears to mu to be obvious I am satisfied that, under ceiudn circumalanccFlopnn may be restored to v j h gicst advantage. I am equally veil satisfied, a a general rule, that the demands of ihe

current year, especially in time of peace

the same mtans, that were emplovtd shol,IJ bc provided for bythcevennc

of thar year. I have never shunned, i

any siturticn in which I have been placed, n. awing appeals to the virtue ?.r,i7 patriotism of fellow -citizens, well knowing that they could never be made in vain, especially in times of great emergency, or ior purpose of high national importance. Indtpcnder.r.Y of the exigency

conm.crce anil in the fiiheries. have also ol . nc C8C :na"y consioeutions ol jrcut . . . I. k. ... . V .

m-a.e it nccessarv lo nuintain anaknl s'o- puncv Aavim? in new a

mt et, to a cer "

when I came into this ofhec. As carl?

as lyoi it as found necessary to send a squadron into the Mediterranean, lor the pioiactlon of our commerce, and noj)riod has intervened, a short term excepted, v.I.cmi it was thought adyi.tbleto wiihdiaw it. 'ihc great inte;ret which the United Slants Lay in-1 Jic Pacific, in

force ihcie.

in both instan

In disposing of this force, provision of revenur to

nces. ihe most ffrrttiat lain e:;tent, the demands of the nation.

measures in our power htve been taken, itli0,,t relying altcgethr on the prtcawiiiiout intciiei in; with its ether rftuies, nou resource of foieign commerce. I

ior i he suppression of tho slave trade,

and of piracy, in the neighboring sei.. The situation of the United States in regard to their resources, the xtem of their re venue, and the facility with which it is laised, afford a most gratifying spectacie I he payment of nearly sixty-seven millions of dollars of the public dtfbt, with the great progress made in measures of defence, and in other improvements of vat ions kinus. since the lat e war, arc conclusive proofs of ltd ex

- if.i uni .iin..uai (jraics ano excisei. ith corresponding in.posts on foreign articles of the same kind, would, without imposing any serious burthens or the people enhance the yrieeof produce, proniotc cur m?nufictu!,, u aun.cnt the rcer.uc, f t the ssmc time that thev mf.ds it more secure and pcrnsanent. The care of the Indian tribes vithirs our limits h:n leng been an eei.tial p3t ot our syMem, but unfortunately, it has

- - V; in a iliUlint-r TO t rrr,-

traoidinary prosperity, especially when plih kit the obj. s intcr.dt d 1 v it. Wc it is recollected that these exprndi'Mtts hc ti rated them s iudept ndc'nt nations have been defrayed, w'rhoul a burthen on without their bavi nny suhstLr.tial me -the people the diiect lu and excu: hav- tension to tJot rank. The dibiuiction , has ingbeen rrpealed soon after the conciu- ilatteud ihcir piie, uturded tl cir im tion of the laic wr, ano the revenue ap- provtmant, and, in rr.anj instances, narecT plicil to these grest objects having b en ihe way to their destruction. The Dro raised in a manner not to be felt. Our gress of cur stltUn.ents westward sungreat resources, therefore, remain un- ported as ihtr are, by a dense popAilatil touched. fr r.ny purpose which 'mas af- on, has constantly driven them back, withr ?ect t' rests of the iiat!uiT!5nmi)t tlie tr.taf sacrifice of l,,,'.

Y.ci. iney navw ocrn compelled to aban. don 1 hey luxe chixi.s cn the mai.annnty, and, I may sdd. o: ti e justicr of this nation, which we install fc. Wc should become their real benefactors, w c should perform the nmcc of tJ cir Gicat l ather, the endcarin- ti:l0 which ther

fur it

ib'e. i e fo'.n l in tl i

. they are incxhaust-

- more especially to be :.--:oe, patriotism, and intel

ligence, oi rui h ioa -citi ens, and in the JeYotii:n wiih which they wtuld yield up, by :uy just measure cf taxation, all their property, in support of the rights and honor of their count rv.