Western Sun, Volume 7, Number 20, Vincennes, Knox County, 20 April 1816 — Page 1

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From the Press of ELIHU STOUT, Publisher of the Laws of the United States Vol. 7J VINCENNES, (Ind. Ty.) SATURDAY, APRIL 80, 1816 No. 30.

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FROM THE AURORA, RE P RES EN TA TiON fcr HQ I A TiON. Never wis the ex; ellim of mr. JoYerfon mare truly verifi J, than ill the prefent political Plate ot fociety, and the departure of the men in power from the ptintip'es which put the. u into pofle ilion. 4 Men feel power and forget right," fold, Never was power more wantonly perverted to perfonal or finiftcr ufea never wjs right fo little regarded as at the prefent moment. So true it is, that power ihould frequently change hands, or the government muft change its character, and liberty mult peiilh. In every thing of a public nature, the propofed and profeffed ends of the governnn nt are utterlv rewrfed. The national leiflature exhibits fuch evidence of a growing depravity, and departure from the principles f the government as PurpafT-s all that excited fuch reneral apprehenfiun and indignation in 1797 and 1798. The only difference between the meafures and men of that period and the prefent confills in the manner which the partir? in power hive acted. In mr. Adams's adminiftration, every thing was openly hoftile to popular government, and its arbitrary defigni againft the bulwark of civil liberty ; their audacity put men on their gurd agatnft them ; but in the prefent times, nothing is openly h iftile, every5 thing is profeffed ly free ; but never did the dufe of Uuman liberty or popular repretentative government, fuffer fuch dangerous alTaults, as under the ftdtniniftration of James Madifon ; under the moll imputing profeflions of liberality and moderation never were principles fo little regard-d or ibufed, with more fuccefs nd impunity. Never was the power of a MhrVnment fo fuccefsful in paraliting pub Jicitu. fixing. a fpell on the. legiflative body, ot (inking the p els to the towefl ftate of degradation Never during the fame period of time, were lo many men of wortu, frrv.,c, integrity ind talents, infultcd, perfecutro or proftrated. Nor fo many tfieu without tfctetSj probity or integrity ex Ited. Fetfonal worth and talents, any wifr ciftinguilhed, appear to h ive be en beheld with terrific apprchenfion ; and placed under a furVv-'ilance wi.fr than that of Trance, becaufe it is not avowed, and is directed to the fecret tffafliniUion of character. The artifices of the courtiers which furround king-, are th fe which a-e moft fuc-

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bitable and recor drd enmity to lioerty his been pat mm fed Irdpromoted, while devotion to liberty has been perlVcuted and compelled to voluntary or involuntary exile. Old principles ind declarations bavebern treated with the fm cold and mamel fs Indifference, that pr ifeflional gmbl-rs and Imrfejackeys betray when detected in their an o.t med arts

It w..s h rid to bt th tibN9ed c ai R itution, appoint i - lie fttl fo"i, (li uta dfo be aifi o was made it -lurking fuch imeiidi

Rnai Id teach u p farv. 1 : ' t

proves that no alteration, no change, no contravention of the Conftitution vas i u t tcrable in any other way, nor confident v, ith its intention, but through the procefs of amend menu What have we feen ? In 1791. a violation ct th' conftitution took placet A Bank was created, which, with the (hocking cor ruption of the plunderers of the revclutiaty irmy, Lid the foundation ot that thirlt of corruption and faction which have ever fince dilarbed the order and tainted the morals ot fociety 1 ,ai Bank waacarriedby corruption ; the vote of a lingle feoatoi bought over by a quantity of the bank Hock, ch ged the majority ; he who voted againlt it in the evening, voted for it the next morning, and the que (lion was carried in Cong re fs. Ot the corruption in the houfe of reprefentatives at that period, the cott mporary publications atTo:d ample evidence. The fecretary of Itate of that period, was 1 homas Jefierfon he in a deliberate and perfpicuous argument, addrtlTcd to the preiioentot the U. States, declared his pinion that the bank r .s unconftitutional ; i'H he predicted the fatal effects which would follow its cftablifhment and of which the effects ae now too real. The attorney general of thnt day was Edmund Randolph, he in a formal aril learned argument (hewed that the Bank could not be constitutionally eftablitlied without an amendment to tlie conltitutiun firft mule to authorize it. Mr Madifon who had Hern a member of the convention, 8c who was then a member ot congrefs, in a mo!: eloquent and cone In -five fpeech, (howed it waa not only contrary to the conftitution, hut, that when it was propofed in the convention which formed the conftitution, to veil the fpeci.! power in congrel?, that the propofiaion w.is refuted, and rejected by a very unulual majority. Yet what do we fee pafling before us ? I flate tarts only, and in regard to men living or dead, I fpeak of them without partiolity or prejudice; thofe opinions which avcre held to be facred by the republicans from 1790 to 1800, I hold not to be chang ed nor weakened in their COnftitUtional or their moral charaer. Altho' thole who are now in power, gained power upon their profeuloas of devotion to thofe principles foal which was right, jjft a. id good then, is fo now ; and that which was uhjtfft, un conflitutionaf, and repugnant to republican pr:nciplcs and the conftitution, mud be fo mil. I believe that an oath taken to maintain the conftitution then, was binding a;d obligatory on him who tnk the odth ; I do not believe that in nro portion as toviciy protefs to become religious, oath, become lefs obligatory. I Cannot rrconcile the idea that oaths of oflice ar lets obligatory than oaths in a court of iufttce, or tiie fiCred oath ot nnrriage Nor rn I perfuade rnvfelf that he wh i difregards the oath he has taken to fupport the conftitution, and breaks it, ought to be Gbrpriled if the inferior officers of govern oaten t, imitating thofe who mke the laws. Ihould ufe the f-une Ikenfc and that fociety, always taking i:s example from thofe in power, ftiould bfccmr eouUy mUifTereut to all f o r i a 1 and moral duties It cannot be tuft to punifh a little rogue who toigi-s a fr.r lollir note, when the na tion is luhec"ed to the eionnous forge y of 35.000,000 ; the villany is the fame, only the amount makes that Gt for legiili tive adoption, which lends the fin a 11 rogue to law marble. It has become Bnfafltsonable to fpeak, muchl. fs to wnte of things in this wjv. Twenty years ago, truth was the idol which at leaft, the republicans of this nation preft fTed to worfhip ; but among the charac

teriOics of the times, is

lature and the deciiion-. uf the courts ot law. The falling off of men who have heretofore fuftaioed a lite of honor nd coi fiit-ncy, is among the fins ot tin tc prefent tune. 1 recollect that in 18 il, when the old bank que ft ion was on the tapis, with what ze-d and fentlbility it was reprobated by mr. Henry Clay, the prefent fpeaker of tlie houfe ot reprefentav.vrs, by general Samuel Smith, by air. Oil-: s , and by the fenators fr- ni Pennfyl vania ; inueed the legillaturcs of Kentucky, Virginia and Penniylvania, inftrUiSted then fenators to vote againlL it ; tl.e latter in a paper, which tho' written in a courfe and un- tmatical ftyle, w.-is dill very plain and d i r ft in its reprobation ot that unconft tuti mal mt lure. I recolh ct, slfo", the pains and the heart aciici, which mr. Crawford, of Georgia, now fei rctary i t war, and mr. Pope, then a fenator from K ntucky, fullered, and the torrur:s of which they com;!uined, with all the ancier of confeioos guilt ; only becaufe th y were renrorihfd in the public papers, tear fupporting the pr ipoiition for a bank, then ptopolrd by ni. G liat:n. The debate on that cccafion was a very interetling one. It m v be found in the National Inteliigencer of that year. I recolircTi that mr Crawford was at that time, c! a-ged with being 'be mete echo of mr. Gallatin ; and it was slfedged, that a letter add re fed by him to a con oiittee. was held forth at having the appearance of .mi attempt to impt fe th- opinions of a head of department, open the fenate, and that it w is then faid, a hm liar dengn, which had many years bttore b - n 1 n mifeft, as to be confuiertd i ti 1 uT ting to congrefs, thai it waa deemed neceiTary to iddrefs tlie prefident and rtqaire that tlie head of the trealj' (hould not attempt to impofe it; partial views upon Congrefs in that w y any more. I recollect that mr. Gallatin's let er at that time, w is one of the Uioft contemptible, in its competition, that perhaps ever efcaped from the pen of a man to whom any (l. re of good fenie was attributed , .it n nevei was tlie nakeduefs of a production more pi. only and forcibly ex" pofed than that paper was by gen. S. Smith Indeed, gen. Smith's fpeech which was co i tinned from one d ty to another, iffords fo nv.- I folid anj irrefiftable argument and

out being diftinguillied on any occafion but by a hngle fpreCh in fupport of that bank, in which he tfifpltyed not only a very arbitrary and unwife temper, but an tntire ignorance ot the fubjeU ; he has been for his fidelity to mr. Galhitin, put inn min.tion by mr. Gallatin bimfelf, fw prefident of the U. States. The contrafl is really sftonifhing that two men for fupporting the fame meafure, in 18 1 I, one Hi on Id be lent to Coventry, and ob'.igfd to turn fchoolniafter, and the other who propofed to become a fcheolmafter, is nominated for the ftation winch ought to be filled only b great talents & known public virtue, and the mo!: fubftantial evidence of attachment to the principles of the conHitutl(M). W hat the moft extrav2gant freak of fe derail fm never, imagined, nor would dare topropof in the plenitude of its folly ?nd intollerance, now comes forth without i i'.ngle prefs in toe country to que ft ion it. The pr-fmt allowance to members f ongrefs is fix dollars a day an-! an allowance n ecual fum for every 20 miles they travel to -and from ibeir ufual rtfidence. N-w a prrp -htion is nnnle to give the members a fix d ftipend, inftead of a fixed allowance f rtimc actualrj engaged in the public fervice, The ufual period of the firft f (Tion of eve'y congrefs is about four months and that of the fecopd ftffion three months.a fefficn of 4 monhs i t doll ira the day would be 723 dollars ; a fcffioTi of 3 months 540 dollars, it 13 now propofed to give to er-ih member 1500 dollars feffion t ind or r ol "he arguments ultd in fupport of this prbpcfttmn is among the characteriftics of the times, to

the prolongation of their ft (lions; avowing that the members do prrir hlhr.ns, in order to obtain thofe rs a d y. for the inadVquy of

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s efs of time to be nereli r : the conftitution x ietjtly drc' ired, but etidment noti fjrwitiy

has taken place in this particular. Our government is approaching very rapidly to a eomprt ti for inomii's renown, wr.h .jrr t y faW t h e JH i 1 1 conltitnts :i and a precedent, ota- violation of the (titution is nvv held Ue good as an amendment. tilts was not the doctrine 20 vears ago. So that it now requires oi ia little conftan cy and a little corrupti m ta cany any prrjeQ however infamous in its origin ; a Yazoo or a bank fpeculatton, requires only refolution and a ddtrihution of the plunder ; and as the YaSoo vvas carried, through a notorious and declared fraud ; fo :he cot -li.tution may be !aJ aude in any convenient wjv, 5x the 'trcedent being ni ce eftablifheJ,a Conftitution will like th;t of England, Lc foou found o.n.!y in ;hc acA of the lrgif

. i f !Ct. to prove the d'' ;!r and th.e ion of a bank, fuch s iwr Gallatin d, and to (hew that fuch a bat k was necenar) nor fate to the government

or the publii ; tHar. I mean to repufilifti the fpeech, becaufe there is not one word of it that is not a -rue now as it was then ; and th at i- not rqu ally applicable to the bank of n.r. Dallas, as 'hr bank of mr. Gallatin It is indeed, a manly, sod as a reporter ot a 1 te debate lays it it a 'practical fpeech;' in fct, there is no refilling it ; Ptrirk Henry, with all his rhetoric, could not unlay or u- do it. Whit appears very remarkable is, that mr. Henry Clay, who took fo active a part in tlie bank lebate, in 1811, and wiiofe animation on tl is occafion wis fo triumphant over ins proftrate affociate, mr. Pope, has takn a part, in the committee of the whole on the prcf nt h n I oueftiou in favor of the b.itik, & in uppofition to his fnrmrr Ipeech. 1 fufped thai th.e conduct of many of the yung ft attfmen of the country now is governed r,y that prudence wh.ch young men acquire when tbej fee old men profligate. - I he ingenioufuefi of youth is ftagge:ed, when they lee older men debsut h-d, and more (olicitoUS for power than careful of reputation or duty ; they either hold them-lrlv-s aloof, oi plunge into the foul pool. But the fate of mr. Pope merits fome comtflineratiol) i he, when fupporting mr. Gallatin's bank, was taught o believe he wis acting in concurrenct with the adminillration ; and the complaints which he uttered againfl the tdminiftratioi made on his Conduct by a trre prefs. while it ferved to expolc his infirmity, aifo eXpofes the extent ot the treachery which was practiiVd upon him But what is moft rrmarkabh-, mr. Pope as political character, was in the dramatic odium, damned, he loft his popularity in his own Hate, 8c in the lentiment of the country. He was in fct encouraged by the adm.: dilation to fupport the bai k, and when it t ulrd he was abandoned, bv th-t lame adminiftration, to his fate, and to the riling influence of a rival. I he contraft between the political fortunes of the two advocates of the bank on that occafion, is remarkable both in a moral and political print bf view. Mr. Crawford grew into favor, w ,s appointed to an embafly, appointed f .re:ar of war, & before lie had bern known to ci - country as a pun lie ch&ricterj more thin five yean, U. w.th-

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vortoly . r the permanent freedom ppinefs i f the union It i imp fiiI is tc tal dilregrod of all obligati-

tion cnth1:, worth. vittue n go on long in the fame rret m nagement an;o; g 40 or men may prevail awhile, but d a r f-r - o n r v " i-r. r i llrrM'

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as (urrly as a hange w ? produced the f. me caufes in 1798 inoo. This ftrong fenfe is Ipreadiog far and wide, and it is made more mar ifefl by the murmurs of private fociety, and the open yelping ot the cur dogs of corruption, and the debauchery of the pi tfs. FOP 'JUL WESTERN SUN. TO THE PEOPLE OF INDIANA. Fellow Citizens, A MAN whofe lefidence amougft you has been of re-Jdnable duration, w ho has never thus troubled you w ith his opinions before; one who earns his bread by the fweat of his brow, and is neither opulent nor ambitious neither an office holder nor on cfFne Cecker, now ad di IT. s you. He is not inOigated to this by an) perfoiial view, partiality or refentment, other than wh.it are really founded on hi conftant defire to hav. fecuied for our territory, in Which his little all i , and has loni; been pi.cd, happinefs and pro(perity i have lived fellctv cm?., ns, long enough to lee the affairs ot cur beloved rounttv affume a degree of confequence which th-y did no heretofore command Atd I have lived te f e our territory preparing to nf fume a ft ite government, hicl heretofore it waanot entitled to. A ft te government J that would now, and while the di ect fax continues, coft us above thirty thnafansl dollars, in addition to the rno'tn tic eypen ces that muff cc umulate to fup: orr a gre;t increafe of offices If my experience and k'owledge in noticing and ffodylng cur growing impoi t3iice, has taught r.r benefitted me in any relpect, it duly to appreciate the men who repr-fmt uc, and the meafifrea tbry ad pt. Thus I have informed you with rrgard to my ft If 1 fhall now proieed, and fk your attentive perufal of what I fhall fay. Our territory is reprefented in rorrrefi by Jonathan Jennings, a man or whoJD I now 'huik it was truly faid, a 'ime cf hM fii ft election, that if our hap a i w -jlJ only be prnpr rtionatt with ' i w t: f tale ts. vsr Ho old unqurftionablv hr I M-rv. Tins ni.P has herrtr forr during th I UtOltfj receivrd fix dollars d-y cf the pop!ea iooucy,ar.d within a lew weeks paH, I tiara