Western Sun, Volume 3, Number 36, Vincennes, Knox County, 1 September 1810 — Page 1

"I

THE

WESTERN SUN

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VOL. III.

SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1810.

NO. 36.

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II LA NIC 1) F.EDS

ERSKINE's LETTERS. ( Concluded. J (No. 10A Difpatch from the honorable D. Erfkine to mr. fecretary Canning, dated Waihington, 16th March, 1809. received 15th April. Sir, Since the arrival in the Delaware river on the 10th inft. of the American difpatch vcflel the Union from England and France, I have had an interview with the prcfident (mr. Madilon) and the fecrctary of ftate (mr. R. Smith) who expreffed their fentiments to me very freely relative to the intelligence which was brot' by the VelFel. The prefident obfered, that the alteration in his majefty's orders in council by the recent oider which had been communicated by you to mr. Pinkncy, fufpcndjng " the operation of the ails as to any duties on exportation granted by the faid acts as far as relates to articles being the growth, produce or manufactures of any country being in amity with his majefty," &c. did not in fact remove the objections entertained by the U. States againft the orders in council in any degree worthy of notice. That they ftill violated the national rights of this country, ss they made it neceffary for American fhips to pafs thro' England, which was not only an infringement of the independence of the U. States, but was completely drftructiveof their commerce, lince the American vtfl'elswere prohibited from going to the continent after they had been forcsd to tnuch in England. lie remarked alfo upon the circumftance of RuiTu and Denmark being comprehended in the operation of the orders in council, which he laid was a (Turning a new principle, as the orders had been hitherto refled upon the ground of a right of retaliation, whereas Rufiia "and Denmark have never ifiued any decrees violating neutral rights. He complained fevrrely of this, and went over the fame arguments upon thefe points which he had irnde ufe of while he was fecremy of fUte, and feemed to be greatly difjppointed and vexed that no change in the relations of the U. States with the celligerents feemed likely to take place before the meeting of the new congrefs in May next, as he forefeet the ferious difficulties and embarriffmrnts in which the U. States will be then involved in determining upon the courfe of conduct which it will be expidient to purfue, as it is univerfally thot' that the non-intercourfe la w cannot lall longer than the next fefiion of congrefs, and it will become !icce(Trv at that time either to abandon all idea of refinance, or to determine to adopt meafurejof hoOilitici againft both brll!;;eient3 which could not be carried ir the Ull congrefs, and are thrrefore Oiil lets likrlv to be adopted in the new, which wiii con'uil of a larger number cf members averfe to fuch a defperate and unavailing Coi'rie. The fecretaiy of Hate (mr. R. Smith) reu-arr.i the fentimen's which he had otren rxpreued to me, v. hen f-cretary of the navy, of regiet that hi mjeQy's gnvcrnRient fremed nt to believ? that th- U. St3tes would reiii't tlse decrees, of France. He the rorrefpor.denre between the American mimfler at Pris ( en. Armfhonfr) and the French government, prove the determinatim of jhis government, not to fubrnit to them. He decUred to me alio that he knows that war would have been inlUntly declared ai;;;?. Vrai.u:, uv;i G. Butiia rciiirt;

her orders, which he faid were iflued before the U. States had an opportunity of ascertaining the illegal interpretation which F. meant to put upon her decrees ; he 'ddcd, that he was convinced that even now mcafures of actual hoftility would be adopted againft France, without hefuation, Ihould G. Britain relax in her orders fo as to afford the U. States an opportunity of doing fo with honor ; but that it would be impotable that they fhould (Ingle out France as an opponent, while G. Britain, contrary to her own declarations, enforced her order before any acquiefcence on the part of the U. S. in the French decrees had been proved. He acknowledged that it might be difficult to bring in a ftate of actual hoftility between this country and G. Britain, upn the grounds of any fubfifting differences, but that he was deiirous that an amicable understanding (hould prevail between the two countries, which the prcfent ftate of their relations would entirely prevent. He added, that he was afraid the irritati ons which were likely to be produced by capture under his majefty's orders in council nvght lead to ferious conferences, which he laid he ftiould deprecate, as he was unwilling to fee the U. States thrown into an alliance which he thought already too pow erful for the intereft cf the world. He did uot pretend to entertain any partiality towards England, but confidered that the intereft of the U. States was the fame at the prefent moment with that of G. Britain. Thcfe fentiments as expreffed to me by mr. R. Smith, are, I believe very Hncere. I have been much acquainted with him, & cannot I think be miltaken in the opinion which I have formed of his difpofition and feelings upon that fubject. Both the prefident and fecretary of ftate are, I underftand, much offended at the appointment of admiral Berkly to a high command, pending the ferious complaint preferred againft him by the U. States ; thry havn not mentioned the fubject to me, as no authentic account of the fact has been yet received ; but I expect to hear ftrong representations upon this fubject, fhould it prove to be well founded. As I have alre-dy had the honor to convey to you my fentiments upon the fubject of the non-intercourfe law. in fevnal preceeding numbers of my difpatrhes, s alfo upon the grnrral afpect of affVirs in this country, I will not trouble you with any further remarks, but beer !eve to refer you to the enclofcd extract fnm mv No. 12. which Wi$ lent in his mj !ty 'i pat ket with the nwil of lft month, as it contains my opinion upon thole topics, which are unchanged. This difpatch, as ilfo my Nos. 14 Sc 15. will be carried to England i:i the American difpatch veffel Patttk, which wtll f4il from hence in a few days with a mrfiVnger, heut. Road ; another vellcl is taring at the fime time to France, with a mrftenger and def patches. Mr.' Coles, the private frcretafy of the late prcfident, is to be the oearcr of them. ( Incisures referred to in Ar. 10. J Wastr.gton, 1 5th Feb. 1809. As the ruling p-rty perceive that it would not be in thrir power to carry the eaft-rn lUtes along with them in a war with G. Britain, on the ground of any iuhfsftmg difference betwern the two countries, thry

hone that the fr

if tile Vrf

on-nt ranfiirc tit tlir

fel belonging to the eafter ftates, which aic XA) tw ukc jjL;s l.'i coiilc4u::r.c ei

his majefty's orders in council continuing in operation, may excite an imitation in the minds of the people of thofe ftates, and lead them to take a part in the next congrefs in any meafures which might be pointed a gainft Great Britain. ; I continue to be firmed perfuaded that mr. Madifnn, who has bow been pronounced to be the next prefident, "would moft willingly feize the firft opportunity of recommending to the next conprefs to afTtrt the neutral rights againft France, fhould his majefty deem it to be juft or expedient- to caufe his orders in council to be withdrawn, in confluence of a determination being evinced by the U. States, not to fubrnit to the aggrefiions of France. And I conceive that it is not at all improbable that he might autborife mr. Pinkncy to make a comma, nication to you to that effect, as he had frequently in converfation faid to me, that no hefitation would be felt in this country, af entering upon hoftilities with France, if (he did not recal her decrees, but he always added, tht it was imp.(Tihle the U. States could take fuch a ftep while his majefty'i orders were in force, becaufe their jollification could only be attempted upon the grounds that the U. S. had acquiefced in the decrees of Fiance, which he uniformly contends has never been the cafe. It is evident to me that he will be fup ported in this fentiment by his own paity in congrefs, and in the country generally fo far as to prevent his feeling himftlf compelled to fingle out France as an enemy, while his majefty's orders in council continued in force ; but I am perfectly confident that it would be impoftiole that they could bring on a war with England, unlrfs it fhc-u'd be occafioned, as I hve bef re mentioned, by an irritation prcducrd in the minds of the people of the eaftern ftates, by the lofles which might be fuftained by them in their ftiips and commerce by captures under his mejefty's orders. The weight and influence of the eaftern ftates has been fufiicient to force the tuling party to abandon their favorite fyftem of embargo, and that to without the painful iltcrve of prefident Jtfierfon, of war beings fuhftituted, but I doubt extrrmely how far they -could compel the con'efs & prelidrnt into war with France unlefs the U. States could be called upon to iflert its neutral right'by the temporaiy icmoval of his majrfty'f orders in council, t give them that opportunity. I: jppears by the refolt of the ftate of the votes fo prrfidrnt and vice preliden, as declared in the fnnte yfterday, that mr. Mdifon had 122 votes of 175, and tLat all the votrs ext ept 3 in the fotithem & weftern ftntes were u hi favor, belides Pennfvlvania ; and that two thirds of the votes oi the ftate of New-York w qiven to bin; He hjJ alfo al! the vote? oi Vermorr, hot that was in confluence of the votes l-rirj given by th-e leiilature of that ftate whi( h h-inen-rd to be drmocratic ; brlHes having 9 out of the '2 votes of the ftate of Maryland. Thisvaft majority would enable the prefident elea and' his party to refill the folicitations of the 4 esiru iHtej, ihould they ureethr next zrpteis to Hrle out France as an enemy, becauf- the f-ne power whicfi Ins provi-d inenrrp-trnt to enforce an illegal. oppr-ihvr, ard ruinous law, would Hl.'l br fijditi'f t to withftand a rrqtiifi'ion to wir a wr, w!ich howevrr jtft- would not be likely to be attended with any piu: or advantage. 1; u true that i non ir.::rccu:fc liv. my