Western Sun, Volume 3, Number 35, Vincennes, Knox County, 25 August 1810 — Page 1

THE

WESTERN SUN

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SATURDAY, AUGUST 25, 1810.

NO. 35.

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Frtm the National Intelligencer. f mmmm The correfpondence between Mr. Canning and mr. Erfkine, laid before the houfe of lords of Great Britain, and printed by their order, contains four letters from mr. Erkine which do not appear to have been publifhcd in any American or Englifh newfpaper, They are now published from a printed copy lately put into our hands, all tKe other papers contained in that collection having already appeared in the paper. (No. 8.) Difpatch from the honorable David Erlkine to mr. fecretary Canning, dated Wall), ington, 3d December, 1808. Sir, The prefident and congrefs have been quite at a lofs how to aft in the prefent extraordinary and embarrafling fixation of their public affairs, and they have not yet determined upon the meafures which they mean to purfue ; but 1 think that 1 may venture to adure you that the courfe of conduct recommended by the committee of the houfe of reprefentatives, to which was referred the documents mentioned in the prefident's mefiage to congrefs, will, in fubftance, at leaft, be adopted for the prefent, with certain amendments, fo as to give fome time, previous to its going into operation. It is not, however, denied by thofe even who have introduced this meafure that it is only of a temporary nature, and that the U. States may be driven to adopt a more decided courfe of conduct againft the belligerents before the prefent congrefs clofes, or at any rate foon after the meeting-of the new le n;iflture, in conlVquence of the feelings and frntirrient of the eallern divifion of the U. States which has almoll univerfdly cxpreli". ed difipprobation of the embargo, and has begun to fiiew fymptoms of a determination not to endure it much longer. The government and party in power unequivocally exprrfs their refolution not to remove the embargo, except by fubltituting war meafures agaiuft both belligerents, unlef3 either or both fhould relax their reftrictions upon neutral commerce. Upon this fubject fome important com. munications have been made to me by mr. M adifon, and feveral of the members of this government, which I will accordingly lay before you, as I confidently believe they were delivered from an unfeigned dclire that they might produce the efife ct of leadi"3, if poflible to fome adjuftmrr.t of their diilerences with Great Britain, fo as to enable the government and the nation to extricate themfelve from the piefent very difareeable dilemma in which they are involved. Mr. Madifon exprefied his firm conviction that r.'hen thr documents referred to in

the prefident's lneiTe Ihould be feen by his j

maj-lly's govcrHment, and the correspondence between their rni-ifter in France i:h t!i- French mimiter refprcTmg the decrees of Urilin and Milan, (hnulu he deliberate !y . onfiderrd ; particuUrly the Hronr remondrarce ot n r. Ann!lru r, to th" French go. verumr:.: o! the 12-h Nov. 187, that it would be atk'iowlr-d.Ted 'hat the U. States

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!se flf.-irts which renion-

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ilrir.ces couid hive herjj ivrnfrd

cf producing, tnd tliat in f .ih;re of rit.y elfcc from thesn, ir, peifuadn the Frrr.ch government to witl:drkw their ui';u(t reItricli.ins upon neutral corr rnerce, recr.urle r.iirh: J.itve heen had hy the U. Sttei, t iucafutcs cf u3:c a;;vi.y ar. td:c;f.un a-

gainft France j but that in the mean time Great Britain had iflued her orders in council, before it was known whether the U. States would acquicfee in the aggrefiions of France, and thereby rendered it impoflible to diftinguifh between the condudl of the two belligerents who had equally committed aggreffions againft the' U. States. He went alfo into all the arguments upon that fubject which are detailed in hit correfpondence with the American niinifters in London and Parisj as publiflied in the documents referred to in the prcfident's meffage, but which I do not now repeat, as my object is merely to inform you of ihe rcfult of his obfervationt, which was, that as the world mud be convinced that America had in vain taken all the means in her power to obtain from G. Britain & France, a juft attention to her rights as a neutral power, hy reprefentations and rcmonftrances, and One would be fully jufiifud in having recourfe to hoftilities with either belligerent, and tint file only hefitated to do fo, from the difficulty of contending with both ; but that fiie mult be driven even to endeavour to maintain her rights againfl the two greatefl powers in the world, unlefs either of them fliould relax their reftrictions upnn neutral commerce, in which cafe the U. States would at once fide with that power againfi the other which might continue its aggreffions. Mr. Madifon obferved to me that it muft be evident that the U. States would enter upon meafures of hoHilities with great reluctance, as he acknowledged that they are not at all prepared for war, much lefs with a power fo irrefifiibly ftrong as G. Britain, and that nothing would be thought to be too great a facrifice to the prefervation of peace, except their independence and their honor. He faid that he did not believe that any Americans would be found willing to ftibmit to (what he termed) the encroachments upon the liberty of the rights cf thr U. States by the belligerents, and therefore the alternatives were embargo or war. He confelTed the pfoplr of thu country were beginning to think the former alternative too paflive, and would perhaps foon prefer the letter as even lefs inruricus to the intereils and more congenial with the ipirit cf a free people. He declared to me tint every opinion which he entertained refpecting the belt, interells of his country led him to wifli that a good undemanding Ihould take place between G. Britain and the U. States, and that he thought that the obvious advantages

which wruld thereby rcfult to both countries were a furTkient pledge of the fir.eerity of his feiitimenti. The reafons which induce me to believe that the virws and determinations nf this government as defcribed to me by mr. Madifon, are their real fentiments, and tht they will pmfue that courfe cf conduct which they have markid out, arife from a mature confideration of the actual Hate of the atTirs of the government and ruling party, ar.d from certain private but impnit ant communications which have lerr mjdr to me by fome of the members of the d rv.inidration, ho re Cnctrely defircus of a conciliation with Great Ihirain. It is evident frm eev thinf which has htely taken place in this country, that thr pectJe atlare art dMlrrtu of hsviry thr embargo removed ; hut it is nlfo to br col!rfted from the rri It ci the r!e;,r throughout the U. States, that the prefent ruli: party ha; a dccii:d siaiiiv ct the

people with them, and as they have pledged thcmfelves not to repeal it, while the reflections upon their neutral rights continue in. force by both belligerent, without fubdituting war meafures, and as they themfelves acknowledge that the ultimate and only, effectual mode of refilling fuch warfare, if perfiOed in, is war and that a permanent fufpenfiun of commerce, would not properly be refiftance, but fubmiffion 1 cannot, therefore conceive that it would bepofiible for them to retract their declarations, and indeed, they would rot have the power of continuing the embargo more than fir months, and of courfe, therefore, they mult fubfiitute war meafures when it Ihould be withdrawn, unlefs they were to abandon all the principles they have laid down, and to change all the refolutions which they have fo unequivocally exprefTed. It is true that they might poffihly do fo, if they found themfelves preflTrd fcy the number and flrength of their c-pponents, or by a changein the rpinioasof their majority amongft the people ; hut it is plain front the decition in the houfe of reprefentatives in congrefs, upon the refolution propofed by the committee ?ppointed to confiJer the fubject of their loreign relations, which were carried by a majority of 84to2l,thnt they have not loll any grou; d in the prefent congrefs, and the refult of the elrctions for members of congrefs, proves, that although they have loll fome votts in the enftein fiates that they will have a great majority cut of the whole number of the next congrefs. For thefe reafons I conclude that the government party could carry along with thr m the fupport of the people in t fie meafurei which they might refulve to take, h 1 have already explained, why I believe th-y will adopt the courfe of conduct which I have defcribed in the foregoing: p-t of this difpatch, arifing out cf the date of the country, and their own particular (ituation, and I will therefore proceed to explain niy private reafons for feeling confirmed in tbrip opinions, and will have the honor of Lvirrjr before you fome important cen'mn'fatior. j which were made to m b fi..T" of the mrmhers of this rrovernment, unoffi:ialJv. but with a dffire that they m?ht p-rdie a favorable effect towards a rcnriSiticn with G. Britain. I beg leae to refer ytu to my i ext number in which they wr tie! lled.. I have the honor to he, wrh the big he (I refpect, fir, ycur mof r;hdt. hnmhlr, Irrvt. D. M. F.USK1NE.

(No. 9. Difpatch from the honorable D. F.rfcire to mr. frcret y C rnirg, datrd Walhingten, 4th Dec. 1 fcC 8. Sir, In the cmirfe of the feveral -ri-va?e interiews which I had with mr. Ca!-I-:in. thr frtretaryof tie trrfury, c with rvr. Sntith, fftretary of the tiay, 1 have ctJIeC'd ftor. them that their fentin.enta coincide with ihcfe of mr. Madilim, which I have declared at forr.e Inp'h in the precedintr number pf rr.y dif -' 1 e. rr Ipeclm the prrper courfe ot rnr.i.'i.'Ct v hiil ught to hr purfu'd bv lb' tJ. States in their prr. frnt fituition. a!t!-r.i:rh they hid ditfr red .1 to the propriety ni Ivin-g ' ti th- rmlur;n, as 8 mefurr rt o'rlrinr, rd hd thf'iuJ.I !ut it wrnhi -r brrti hettrr to havr reforted o me-fu'r i t a i;-r- ilrridrJ , ,ti.re st f; ft.hu: t! h-v lur. to .;i-f rr-."-4 left, Ut t c f 'I' ll it f. r n (,'i t tut r Irn.

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