Western Sun, Volume 1, Number 45, Vincennes, Knox County, 1 October 1808 — Page 2

: You w'll doubtlefs hsv been already informed ot the rclignation cf the Grown of Spain by Claries I r. to his foil ; of the d.fmitT.il of the Prince of Peace, and the

feiure of hit eftatrs : of the accefiion ofj

Ftreinand Vli. that Honaparte had invited both thofe princra and the reft -of the rovul tmilv to meet him at Bayonne ; that lie' nnde them altprifoners ; having obliged Ferdinand; to return the crown to his father, and induced - the old king to lay it at his Uet, to gcjtfifpofed of a$ he might di-

'Soon after Fe.inandts quitting Madrid to proceed to Bayonne, the Grand Duke of Berg aflfumed to himfe'f the temporary command of the government of the country, by the title of Lieutenant General of the Kingdom this usurpation the Spanifh natioti has refitted almolt to a roan. The fpirit to . oppefc French tyranny,

tht abhorrence f th ala which have b cn practiced againft the royal family and the ftate, and - unanimity and cnthufufm manifefted to reftore the nation its independence, W3S, perhaps, never furpafled in any country crin any caufe; even in the parts where the French are in fcrce, (as at Madrid and Barcelona) this fpirit is faid to exifi in its full extent, though the avowal ot itis purrifhed. " At Cadiz on the 3th and 9th inft, tht French fqindron af five fail rf the line

arid a - frigate, which at the beginning of! this revolution, had nnved by near theCarrac as, were bombarded ; aid after the fufpenfion of the att. ck for four days, on the morning of the 14th thev ftruck their coUurs, and were taken poffeffion of by the Spaniards " Asa provincial government each province has cfUbli'hed a junto of feveral perfons, of the greatrft influence . to which the people are obedient, and the mod zealout in its caufe : This of Andalufia, is the out with which the Englifii have had Mioft communication.' Its army is commanded by General Cartanos, and for its late &c. I beg" to refer you to the enclofed copy of a letter, from Captain Bradford, an fficrr of the Englifh forces, who has been with it fome time. The maife of the province of Valencia, and of Afturias, is equally numerous ; and that of the former aided by fame regulars, is faid to be on the way to Madrid! to drive the French out of it. In fhort, fir, the whole population of the country is in arms, ani whcrrrr the French meet a Spaniard, they meet an iuveterate enemy. 44 To the Etiglifli nation the Spaniards look, as that on which they depend for fuppart and fecurity againft the common enemy ; and fame dillri&s have declared them, frizes at peace with Great-Britain without waiting for the ufual forms ; but as comtniflioners deputed from the fupreme council at Seville, have to day gone to England in the Revenue, to treat with his majeftv's

government, 1 make no doubt the wifli of

the Spanifh nation will foon be gratified by a regular convention" The French are making confidence exertions'' to get a large army into .Spain ; but the fpirit of the nation is fo fully roufed, that, if her councils are judicious, and their leaders aft with ability and Snanefs,

hive direcVd that every aid msy be givenftart of the military art. I would reccro ilfft fufficirnt conveyance. Indeed there?

to tnem, ir mainiaining tneir tnaepena-lmena a certain ana ievere puininmrni iciuc

i ri t

ence as a nation, and refilling the ambitious fuch of the officers, particularly of tht ptfdfion has been conhdered and accepted

highergiades, as mall neglect this impor- adutncicnt eviuenrc oi purcnaie. iocn-

projects of France

feveral juntos, or fupreme councils through-land

4 All the decrees and every aft of the tant duty As far as my own obfervatioi. fc(:e the observance cl bona Jiue contracts

iwtormation extends, it appeas that mlie in this manner; u is irueveu

I his letter GaU appear in oar next

out Spain, is in the name of Ferdinand there exitts a very general (an I believe Clirt ot Chancery, is alone competent:

VII. who h a prifoner to Bonaparte, as jurt) complaint gainrt the height of the Njr is it by any means that looie anu nuc well as his twe brsthert, and the comtry taxes collected under the denomination of tuVting tribunal whith feme h-ve coi.fitlcrat prefent is governed by thofe juntos in county levies The tax on cattle and work edit, where will and not law prcfidesard the feveral provinces. horfes is 'peculiarly cbjecVionable, as it lere the arbitrary opinion of the Judge The importance of preferving the col fubjefts the poor to an unequal Ihare of ij :he only rule ofdecilon. It is on the nniPl frnrs ftillinnr intn th iitflnnr rf the- tiitklie hnrdrn. Th mil Lr nf nrat inntrilV bound down by rulfs and jaws as

Franceyou muft be well awaieof, and cattle forming the principle focd of the fell defined, and as well umJerflo-d as kit tSV Pr-nrK tllm tnia. Innnrr tlafs of rnr frllnw rlrirrrx ! it tV.ofe f anv Other COUftr -and 2S It Compels

fures for feducinf ,vthem ; fo thit every appears to me that a tax upon the animal the fpecific performance of contracts, ai.d

means fliould be u fed to inform them pi the that produces it is quite as improper as a enahles contending paruc Tccip.p.. true ftate of affairs here, and of the brave tax on any other article of general necef ivail themfrlTrc ot fa ftr which might otherrefinance made by their country. For fity. Two modes of remedying the evil wife be forever buried in the lofoms cf

this purpofe I am authonfed by ins majef- prelents themlelves to your cor.iideratioi. their opponents? u is peculiarly i.nvi"" ty's government to give pafipocts to fliips -by aboliDiing altogether fome of tholV to proteft the fimple nd ignorant, againlt ot veflels which -re employed either in claims by which the county treafuiies art the artful and defigning.

cnveytnjf tneir aupitcnes ana oraert loicxnauirea ; or oy iransirnng otners to tnei ii givrsnc pi"ut h'w v- j

the colonies, or the perfons they rnsy think general territorial fund It appears to mi Gentlemerv that there is rYery prolpctt ot

it necelTary to fend out to conduft their af- that both thtfe plans m?.y he adeptei continu?nce of "that hartnnny atd good, fairs in this very 'critical junfture 1 have with propriety. Upon examining fthe underfianding with cur. : Indian .neighbors iven fome pafiports for this purpofe. county Treafurers .acrompts it will which is fo mutually, beneficial and which

1 wo frigates aun ievertl felucas inttr.ded appear that a conhdcrable iuro is yearly it has been my coutant endeavor to - prefoj:the provinces in America, will be ready appropriated in each county to compen. ferve I pronounce with confidence that ? to proceed to different parts of America, aarj the furveyors of the , roa-Js. .t no anterior period,' have our relationsard I rrquell youwill pleafe to apprize the The opening of roads is certainly a mat- with the neighboring-tribes, been placed officers under your commaad, of thofe ter of confiderable confequence; but as upon better footing r or an one which

jpanun imps ina veneis, wnicn iney may mis is aiwaj s oone cy cne laoor oi eacn in- ivcs iiicn juu ciuic oi cauiuhuh v wg probably meet, and direct them to give ev- dividual citi2tn, and not by contract 1 friends of that wife humane and beneficient ery aid to them in the fervicc in which they could never learn what publicv advantage policy ; which has been adopted by ( our

are employed. oas ever relolted Irom furveying them Government ec which lorms lo lingular an M Thofe Teffels will have merchandize The law as it (lands, however, makes it exception to the treatment cf lavages by in them, the adventures in general of the the duty of courts to have it done If thofe who sre called civilized. We can crew ; and fome of them will alfo have there were no other reafon for eompenfat- challenge tfce world 'to produce a fimilar quickfilver, which is mudi wanted at L? ing the Judges of the Courts of common inftance of' a rreat and powerful nation reVera Grnz. Thepaflports I give you are pleas out of the Territorial Treafury the fpecling on all occafions ; the rights of its intended to inclade thofe articlesindeed great inequality of the Counties in wealth weaker neighbors and' acquiring by fair, . at this uioment there fboulu be no litigatiot; and population would be a fufficient one j equal nnd reciprocally advantageous trea JUevery encouragement ought to-be given hut when it is recollected that the propofed tics, that extenfion of Territory, which to the Spaniards, and their veflcls carrying change would greatly relieve the poor with- other nations have, bee n accuflomcd to feize difpatches be confidered as friends. out oppreffing the rich, that it would take by violence. A courfc of conduct fo dif P. S. The informatien contained in the burden from the (boulders of the man ferent from;that,vhich they have' experithis letter you will b,e pleafed to commu- who has nothing and add a rnite only to enced from other civilized powers, has at nicate to the governor's of the feveral ifl- the contributions of the wealthy : In a length produced amorigft the ludians a tboands within the limits. of your command, word that it might render unneceffary the rough conviction that their profperity and m u m , B m , m K m lmmm n PM,MI, , , poll tax on indigent young men, on work happinefs can only be" ffceured by prefervirg horfes and oxen and on the food which inviolate their connexions with the United . On Tuesday the September the nourifiies that part of the rifing generatior States. 'And'as all the wars which have. Governor met hath houses of the Lejrisla- which is to conftitute the ftrength and de- arifen between ourfelve and the Abori-

ture in -tie representatives Warnotr, and fcnce of our country The rneafure would genes, areMufily attributable to the nreva-

icce ox iorf ign mnuence amongit the lattrr ; we may fairly calculate that tur Ih dian frontier will be free from thofr alarms nd spprchenfions which have had fo much effect in retarding it Settlement. The Inws of Congrefs for the difpofal of th public lands, in the Territory having: directed a Section to be refervrd in each Townwip for the fupport of fchools; it may be proper. (Gentlemen) at the prefent Seflinn, to make fome provifion for fe c uring this precious depr lit from deprada. tion, and putting it in a (late ofprogrcflivc improvement. With thefe ohfrrvationf Gentlemen, which relate to fuhjecls connected with your immediate duty ; I might leave ycu to your d liberations ; but on an eccafioa of this kind addrrffing a refpeAable and organized body of my fellow citizens ; it is impoffible that 1 fhould not recoiled,

and recollecting that I fhould pafs unnoticed the critical ar.d unprecedented fituationof our national affairs It is true that in this infant ftate of our political exifience we have no voice in the councils of the nation, but we are neverthelefs Americans; and a$ fuch feelingly alive to every thing vrhich can effeft the intrreft of our common country. ' If a uniform courfe of juOice, moderation and forbearance towards the belligerent power? of Fsropr, Could have piefrrved to us a continuance of that peace which is fo ardently defired by all chfTes of our fellow, citizens; America might fairly calculate upon an exemption from thofe evils which are the inevitable conff quenres oi war. Such however feems not t he our lot. . The dorm which has been fo Jcr lowering a at difiance and which has fpread fuch havock and deDructien over the faireft Lortion of the creation, has afiumrd a direction which menaces our peaceful and happy fhores Jf it is yet peffible to divert its force, withont a proftration of national honor; if it is poffible to procraftinate the appeal to arms, even for a fingle day ; Such is the moderation four GoTernment and fuch its policy; that w rriay be certain, at leaft. of enjnvirg that ry in peace.. We (hall " drain the cup 'f conciliation to the dregs" and not unsheath the fwerd, until every rxpedien which the wiCJom and experience of out

delivered the following

SPEECH

Gentlemen cf the Legislative Council and

Gentlemen of the House of Representatives, The appointment of our delegate to Congrefs, to a featon the fupreme Judiciary Bench of the Territory ; ui cccafioned my calling you together, st an earlier period than that which was afUgned at the clofe of the lad Sffion To accomodate the Gentlemen who manage their own farms I have barely allowed time for a deliberate choice of a perfon to reprefem you, and for his arrival at the feat of the

inational .government, by the time fixed for

the meeting of Congrefs. In my addrefs at the opening of the Iafi Sefiion, I requefled your attention to certain fubjefts, which appeared to me to require Legiflative provifion ; and to fuch of them as have not been acted upon ;

1 reiterate my recommendation, for an ear-

there is ample means to refill them, and all ly notice. Amongfl thefe the revenue and

May C'itA Wll. Iilllll4 lfTS, ItUIJI Mini upnvi tlllui His majefiys government has directed itance) deferve a very particular and critiin thi crifis that every alfillance (hill be Jcal examination. That the former is in alTjrded. I have fupplied them with pew-jadequate to its object, is evident from the der from the fhips ; nd about 5000 men emprinefs of the Treafury. Nor is thert under major general Sptnoer, are on their'tlie ieafl reafon to doubt that this proceeds coaf ready to act as ci"-umft.ncr may f'om the mode of cclle&in rather tha jnakc nceirary, and i furthrr force by this'the h.ight of the t?ix, or inability of the time is on its way from h: gland. Ipeople to py it. It is believed tint thr " T ie Portuguese, akhuijh difirmed, iadoptian of the fydem which has for maare fid to be raiting in all pirts of the'ny years been fuccefstully ufed in the country to exp-l the French, fhich they i neighboring States, would iciove every hvi! done at Oort'j ; and as the enemy''? difficulty and place our revenue beyond troops there are vet y few and very much'the reach of thofe accidents and contindiv.led, there is evry realbn to fuppofe gencicj which have hitherto cmbarrafiVd it. th-y will be fuccefrt'u!. Their principal. I'he militia, at 11 times a fubject ot fore is at Lifbjn, which conlith of iDut importance ; is peculiarly fo at tht prefent 5000 men ; and a large body of people, Urifii ; uncertain as we are at what mo(30,000) pirtly natives and partly Span.Jment its iVrvices may be necefiary. coniard under the command of the Poi tu- ltitutin as it dor s, the principle defence guefe general Gonreztrere, were hy the of our rights and foverrignty No Labor laft accounts I received, on th march to at- or expeni'e can be mifapplied, which has a tack it ; if Lifoon falls the Ruffian fqusd- tendency to perfect its organization aod

ron under admiral Sen-avm, whirh ti in the uilcjplin'. Amongfk tlC defects of

Tarus, will probably fliare the fame fate ; the prrfent law I have particularly indeed there is no indication on their part jiiot.ccd its want of crerfion to pieduce ef mich zeal tow irds their new allies. jthe returns v.4 reports which it " I have thauht it necefTary to give ;direcls to he made. lhe regularity ot you this 'nfnrm.itioii of the ftate of the af-jthefe conOitute the mod efiential feafairs m SpAio, at his raaicfty's got ernmcnt.ture of a military body; and until they

are prpperly underftood and attended to

ua great prcgrcG can be made in any other

appear to combine juftice with policy-

i he frequent occurrence of hcrle fteaJ

mg aloPg the fouili eaftern bound, ry of tire Territory ; makes an enquiry into the competency of the law upon that fubjectworthy your attention. This, nefarious practice is faid to have produced great diftrefs and inconvenience to fome of our citizens, by depriving them of the meansof cultivation at the moft critical feafon of the year. Could we command the funds necelTary for the fupport of that humane inftitutiou which in ufe

in feveral of the ftates; the object of

wmcn is oy a courie ot moderate labor, and folitary confinement, to reftrain the vicious and reftore them to habits of induftry and ufefulnefs ; I (hould be amongfl the firft to advocate its adoption- As this is not, however, within our means, we miiO

poftpone the accompiifhment of our wifhes on this fabjeft, to the period when the increafed wealth and population of our 'I er. ritory will juftify the mesfure. In the mean time it is our duty to protect the property of ur fellow citizens ; by providing an adequate punifhmer.t for the repeated depredations that are complained of, and vrhich it appears our prefent laws are in fufficient to reftrain If the proceeding, of the Court of Chancejy Gentlemen, have until l-tely been flow and dilatory, it ought to be attributed to its true raufe the wan of corrpenfation to its offleers. tt cannot be fiippofed that th"" will give their time ?nd talents to the public and perform the laborious duties re. quired of them with out remuneration. With refpect to the ufefufnefs of the Court and the propriety of its being continued, my own opinion is fixed and decided. If ever there was a country, where a Court of Chancery was neceflary, tmrs i: the one; hecaufe in no other, us I believe) has there ever been, fo much valua. ble property transfer'd without the obfervance of the legal forms of conveyance ; or where the evfinn of the fpecific performance of contracts woald produce fr much confufion, injuflice and ruin. It u not mary years fince a bare alignment cf title to lands upon a hi: of paper, without any cf thofe peculiar phrafrs which our laws require in the transfer of real property,was deemed both by the L'jycr and fcl-