Weekly Messenger, Volume 4, Number 169, Vevay, Switzerland County, 21 March 1835 — Page 1
. - i giramwcm,,! ii, i ii if
PRINTER'S RETREAT, INDIANA, A'a RDAY MAKCII 21, 18555, VOIi. IV. 0 lC8c
1'iiiN i'Ki) AM) FUiiLlSHKDUY William 1 Krrn. Te.ri J3. For 6 2 min'i" f, three dollars, il no- paid until llif expiration uf the year tv il .'! irs :n.l fifty tout, if p aid within i1,. ji-ar and ! wo dollars, if paid ir. advanceTm subscript: n received fur less than sis month-, utile-? - i i in advance Subscriber f:rvei by private post. t. pay c2" cents extra. Is'o p-pr discontinued u I i 1 al I a rrea ra ges are pid, n,r vit!i ut due noticeuf lhal intention, being scut to the otlice.
a'mve suuis rmv b ? naiJ in pro
man of robust constitution, w lio had spent lnlife iu tbe hank lishing.hud sulVered many haul ships and appeared the most capable of stan ding the shock? of misfortune of any of tlir crew. In thf meridian of life, being abou thntv five vearsold, it was reasonable to suppose that instead of the first, he would bav been the last to hnve fallen a sacrifice to cold and hunger; but Heaven ordered it t therwise he iH'Ciime delirious, nnd death relieved him from hi suiretings. the fiftieth dav of his ship week. Dating all 'his time, the storms continued, and would often overwhelm them to as to
date, dhverod al this o:!ic, or such oilier keep them always drenched with tcawatei ,
places a? may he agreed upon. j having nothing to screen them , except i t n - A l.erii n its iaert -.1 it th-; usa il rates. nor:i'-v kmd "'cabin which they had built up jof board between the windlass and nighihead
TV: ' "eTT.""'. vwv i. -il i " !n the larboard side of the forecastle. Tlx
1 i r i ij -.j j t o .lima i i lli
inswcied with ail .1.1.. ! .... .tt..gThe ship which hailed proved to be the Fame of Hull, Capt. Featherstone, bound from Rio Janeiro home. It so happened that the
nu.i can Li. i; ui, uia-.i.nnl oi explain cd by experiment? A. Take a sun-"Iass, or a pair of spectacle!
such as old people use. and hold the trlass be-
fh-i
hrec Captains had dined together that day tween a candle, or a bla.iug (ire, and a piece and were all on board the Fame. Humanity 'of white paper The reflection of the blaze
immediately sent a boat, which put an end to; will be bright and upside down on the paper.
tne dreadful thraldom of Uapt. Cazzeau and Samuel Badger, the only surviving persons, who were received by these humane Fuglishmen with exalted sensibility. Thus was ended the most shocking catastrophe which our
LAUUMAliLh iVjlb I AU.lv Jiidse Durke, by the hurried manner in which he was accustomed to attend tu his personal concern snuiriim' brought ihe Iauuh against himself. It is the piactice hi South
Carolina for Judges and nu mbers of the bar
I
i ronsf
next who sunk under this hoiid press of dis-
a young man of abonl
ait!
i V
i' i!-. o; no
1:..p'. C ::.7.
! Il
(I'll.- -'I Ml.- llJ.liltl ... CUJill ;,?(,:rs W;,3 J OVVC
.;.!..-:u( ;iiiUiH;Uioci1.nau irot,-j,lir(v? who (1.exvje wa? hsheruian.by pro .levins' of our fell w townsman, jV?5i;M a!U tall, spare, and as smart and ac
mu, o"i a wio k al sci ri I'M I
M i
UI-IT
l?t.. i ! f ii irr tilt
a .Mi l!; of fliijuvrn k
1iU.il
.. i:i ii .i i f til.- Si-it -t :, -i '. v
tive a seaman as anv on bord. lie likewise
iduced to !u: ni-!i u- , ;,1S :in,i ;.. ,i . ,i r.i .iiiiraa. tlt'.lai-t
jaftt r l'.:d. lock, bring the fifty sixth day of tbe
It was soon perceived that tliis must
ivrcck.
! i"-'il
md dis
iri.l-h a na rail. ml If t!i j hie vit.it! v llw f.. t of llio tiiriienn i
ii. -i.t wa n.i ,-!.';i-hed h jmrt time, if something was not done to pro-
' ' i'" riv- i-xl.i-a-o. I! woiii.J oe pro- Hr , !.,,,! liim com! lurk. nr.
i -,u-i. e-.l in.-p-dtbie. It i- dilli ult I o eonrci vc 1 ,,,. n ro'..!il v. I.- iiu! I 'rni-i,l.-nri .n.ililo.l I hnm
I' : dull 111 CO a lv pr.-CVe I if. fr nm-'f,, li.K ,, I'-'l.,-, Lnifb. n.,r of tUn Pan
d-lS, 0!l a Wreck ...JuV I., il(,rp:cv II,,. m.ilhpr nf in
veiition, suggested t!e plan of distillation. Accordingly, a piece of br;ard was very nice-
l l! p----Ssin !. fin, l, llio ntniill. nf fbr hoilor. a ;m:ill
apowrrftilco.-iiM'i.in.grrateiu-i gy.fMtitnd" hole made in it, and the tea kettle, bottom un-
""u,1I,i wards, (ixod to the upper side of the board.
avcd:i,, pit(d bairel was fixed to the nose of the
i'-andii'il and tilm-tx one
hv-l vvii'i water in
I liitic O- '-an. a'.d d"
!te midst of the wide At-
ivii g al no-t entirely
the mean o! Ml -toon nee
;iii. pi ess-no o in:otl. nail Iving
re-oa rrrs , Capt. CazZ"au, li'.it only
lii.nelf f.oai a Arc -id fill death, hat ono of hi:iieMe and kept cool by (he constant applica ;retv :,- A,, i t',i remind n..f a singular; ll0i, j co;(j water. thi completely succee
f i l that the Mas si hu -;.-tls lluaune SiciMv
whiih was in ot poratfd pria i p. ill f.irtaki-
iiiou in cooi wiuer. i ui compieiciy
i-led, and the survivors, without a doubt, owe
Sltln ir picsei vation to this simple experiment.
1 rewarding aiH eacoucguig acts of ; j,,, a , h:,t f n1(J i0 obtained bv litis verv gill an:rv on Ihe hig!i sea, which tend !o the j l(R.,CI ft.c, (i-tillation, was a scanty allowance pri s-rvttionol hf.-, has nev-r, loom kao.vl- of w;,f,.r fr f,v men, vet it would sulain life . dg-, t!ioi-hl prop.-r io ,,oti. c ihi extra jrdi-j.,j t,.,t wai impression that there nary e.v.Mii ! Iitm Journal. (was meat enough under fhe deck, induced Tii'- brig I'.!ly, owned by Wm- L. C. and. them to use every exertion to obtain it; but L S. II tut, about 13j tons burthen, sailed ;!,y getting up pieces of bones, entirely bare from 15 i-'oii, with a cargo of lumber, and a- of meat and in a putrid state, they found thai boat 15") bur.-! proviion. on a voyage loinothing was left for them but to rely on heav S iota Ci!X. on ihe 1 2lh of D 'c. 1811, undi rjon for food, and be contented with whalevei
fie coaiaim.l oii.aot. . l-. k.-z?.k u wittii'-amc 10 nanu, un reiiei snouid come. 1 nen
a mtte, I ur si-iur'n an I a cook ; Mr. L. S
an i a ni'gro girl of nine years of ago, p
.i. Nothing material happ 'ned ii'itil i he ra w that I he (I i t i 1 1 1 ng might not be interrupt
naval historv has recorded for many years,
after a series of distresses from December 25lh to the 20'h of June, a period of one hundred and ninety-one days! Every attention was paid to the suflerers that generosity warmed with pity and fellow feeling could dictate, on board the Fame. They were cher ished, comforted, fed. clothed and nursed until the 9th of July, when they feel in with Capt. Ferkins, of the brig Drorno in the chopsof the channel of England, who took them on hoard and landed them in Kenne M.k. It is natural lo inquire how they could float such a vast distance upon the most frequente.l part of the Atlantic and not be discovered all ibis time; they were passkd by more than a dozen sail, one of which came so nigh them
that they could distinctly see the people on leek and on the rigging looking at them: but lothe inexpressible disappointment of the
starving and freezing men, they stifled the dictates of compassion, hoisted sail, and cruelly abandoned them to their fate.
From the Saturday Evening Visitor No. n. THE EYE. Q. By how many terms are the principal
parts and appendages of the eye distinguish
d? A. Eleven.
Q. What are they?
f r nt a Q I I d nnv nc !ti mirr TIia T i i , I n , .
. Is there any other experiment? wife U5Ually Wore a dress of the same maUri-
a o.auuuu one. u you can pro- llnnd t((lo and one morillg when i.i, lmn. cure ,t from a butcl.er get the eye of an ox ,r ,)ad taUn hh Pea( n Lenc, (,ni(lf. wlule it is fresh. Cutofl the three coats from d. R, he lhoUs,ht, In his official toga, and was the back part quite to the vitreous humor. unn ,n fMIP ,hp cra.,H i..,v r
: - j j
he counties of the interior, he was r.o! a Title surprised and disconcerted to find the s hole auditory jurymen, barristers, tipstalf, ii ... i ii.. i. ...i i-
ina an nursi into a ioua laugn, ai itie min:
or
Hold it as above directed, and an inverted
upside-down image will be seen upon the paper.
H by can we not sec the image of an oh
ject distinctly when it is held very nerr the1.,,,,,,, fl!,lire pf the Judgc, who, iri?,ead of his
eye
A. Uecause the rays from it enter the eve
wn proper gown, sat solemnly arrayed in his i-if.j3 l.lurL- n I f i n :i t wilb liw nrmis cdiff. nut
with toouiuch divergency, or are scattered foo'throu (he ket hp,e8. he ,,avi jn ., mU. much, and are not refracted loa focus or point ;,.lkp ,wrU..H lhe femcine garment in l,i before they reach the retina. ,rUhk at Chaijeslon ins(ead of his own. Why can we not see the image of an! objectdistinctlywhei.it is held far distant from Quni;fiCal;ons.- In the reported proceeding the eye. 0r ,j)p iliitnre on lhe first day ofthesesA. Because the rays come to a focus or,sjon a, thPy appeared in the Argus, Are the point before they reach the retina. follo-in- w, r I: - "The members were then Q. hy are some persons near-sighted! Severally qualified, and took their seats' A. because the crystalline humor is too pj us in mIld cf an anecdote we on. c much convex or of a circular form, and they ,f.ard of a . ui,jce Df lhe Feare elect, who
use glasses concave or bending inwards.so as arpParP( before the proper officer, and re-
S H.-'M s.istcnance, now was bai nacles gathered asen- from the sides of the vessel which were ate
lath, when they Ii iJ ch-an-d Cape Cod, tinshoal of G'.-org.-s, and iieai lv, as lliey suppos'd, crosel 'he gu'f stream, vvh"n there came i!i a vi ileal gale from the southeast, in whit h
ihe brig I ibored very hard, v hich produced ;i leak that so gained n the pompsas to tound neatly feet wh'-n about midnight sluw;is upset, and Mr. Ilual wasdtowned in flucabin! Nut having any reason to hope fvir h.-r riglitiog, ty much exertion the weathei I in I ai ds were cut awav, the deck load having been before tbiown over and the lasViings
all gone; in about half an hour the mainmast, weal tv the biard, and soon alter the f.)i'mast, wheti slie righted, th ugh full of watet dreajf'ul sea m iking a fair breac h over hot from stern to stern. In this situation the night
'vote away, and daylight found all alive ex ' cept the passenger, and upon dose search the little giil was found dinging to the skvlight. jind saved Irom drowning in the cabin. The glass and giating of the skv light having gone away,whil: on her beam ends, the little girl was drawn through the openings, out so mu h chilled that she survived but a lew hours. In this situation they remained.
'vi hoiit fire, as neat aj the captain can recol
lect, twelve das, when (lie cook, an Indian from Canton, near lvston. suggesting the op ;i ation of i ubbing t wo stii ls togei her, which succeeded. eiy foi tnnaU lv , t!ie camboose did not goevcihoard t-ii h the deck load : this wa got to windward a fire kindled and some i ro i-ioi.s cooked, which was the, first lhe
to render the
the rays to prevent their coming to a focus or
point to soon.
rays more diverging or seatterin,1P.,r lo h )U,f,Pfl. ran't do it, sir, said
lie officer." "No? Why I was told you was
he nroner person to swear me into otlice.
:lc.
spectacles should you use?
A. Concave. Q. If you should live to he old, and your
. 1 he sclerotica, cornea, choroid, pupil, isight should become dim. what kind of spec-
iiis, retina, aqueoushumor, crystalline, humor, 'tacles would help your sight.
. ""m.uh, p,..p,i. .... Mgmeu, in un- ,()ha t p. that's another thing. Ics, l can hged to hold an object at a distance from the' ar vo in(o vire. but it takes a higher eye so as to sec the image of it? Lower than I nosscs. to oualify ou.
A. Because the crvstall inc humor is tooi Ponhhftpsit H little convex or too flat, and thev use glasses
convex or bending outwards so as to iender Bcaulifvl Comparison. A gallant N. Engthe rays less diverging or bring them to all- hl)d kj"j,ht of the quill, describing a country elisor point. jdanre savs "The gorgecus strings of ilass
l. It you are near-sighted, what kind of P(ld5 in now gliMei: on heaving bosoms of
ed. which would give them no more than four
wine glasses of water each, per day. The
next food which they obtained was a larg
mark, caught hy means of a running bow line
This wa a very great telief and lusted some
time. Two advantages ainse from th s signal
interpositions of kind Providence; for while
they lived upon their shark, the barnacles were growing larger and more nutritive. They likewise found many smal' crabs among he seaweed which olten floated around the w reck, which were very pleasant food. But
from the necessity of chewing them raw and sacking out the nourishment, tl ey brought on an obstinate costi veness. which became extremely painful and probably much exaspcra ted by the want of water.
On the 15 h of March, according to their computation, poor Moho, the rook, expired, evidently from want of water, though with mut h less distress than the others, and in lhe lull exercise of his reason; he very devoutl) prayed andappeared perfectly resigned to the will of Ihe Cod who a(Tli ted him. Their constant study was directed to the improve
ment of their still, which was made much belter by the addition of the other pistol barrel, which was found by fi-hing with lhe grain they made h) fixing nails intoa piece of stave. With tliis barrel they so far perfected the still -o as to obtain eight junk bottles full of water in twenty-four I o ns. 15 il from the death of Moho to Ihe death of Johnson, which
happened about the middle of April, they
vitreous, humor, orbit, and eye-lids.
l. What is the lorm of the eye? A. Round. Q. Of the foregoing terms, how many represent membranes which cover the eye? A. Three; viz. the sclerotica, choroid, and retina. Q. Define the sclerotica or first membraneous covering. A. The scleroiica, or what is commonly known by the name of the white of ihe eye. is ils external covering. That part of it whit h is ptivjected and exposed to view, is called the transparent cornea. It is called so from the Latinword cornu,a horn, because when diied it is nearly as hard as horn, and quite trans
parent. Q Define the choroid or second membran
eous covering.
A. Convex.
Q l)o wc sec objects themselves, or their
the village belles, like poli-hed rubies res-
lingon the delicate surface of wai m apple-
dumpling'
images.
A. Their images, which arc painted on the retina. Q. Is there any proof of this.
A. Yes, the real size of an object wc know
never varies, but an object that is at a distance appears smaller than when it is near; therefore, we do not see the object, but ifs image.
w Inch would be made smaller by withdrawing
the object which produced it. 1 his is owing fo the angle of vision. Q. Since the images of all objects are represented on the retina in an inverted position, or upside-down, why do not objects appear upside down to us. A. Because by habit wc arc accustomed to
find tl ic upper part of an object it) that dircc
ine choroid lias an opening in iront '(;,, fmm ...i,;,.!, .he ib-.f ,.
which forms the pupil or sight ol the eye,!)(nvri. j,.,,., ()f (hc r(.lm;u We aNo see all ohihrough which lhe rajs of light pass into the jjecls in tji:it direction from which the rav eje. If y..u look at the eye of a person, you icomc consequently as the ravs from the bot-
w.ii sec the pupil suriouncled by a colored ,oniof an object come from downwards, thevi
ou.uci imiuu me in?, wincu n..9 muscui.i. :(.x , oUrmj,l(is the Idea of the lower part
...v.v.wnm.u ,,a..M1vv t ' v..... OI uie oniecMUtliougti they touch thcunner
h n! lasted, i xnpt nw poik part of a barrel: seemed to be denied every kind offood. The
barnacles were all gone, and no friendly gale wafted to their side the sea-weed from which they could obtain crabs or insects; it seemed if all hope was gone forever, and they had nothing befoie them but death or the horrid alternative of eating the flesh of their dead companion. One expedient was left, that
was lo try t decoy a shark, if happily there
ol nee I. A sin ill jug had been saved alive, v.hich llo y now die-sed, not having an ,thin to feed it w ith. But at this time no an)rchenMon was enlei t-iined of sulTeiing for meat, ther" being several barrels stowed in the run, and upwards of one hundred under deck and also several hogsheads of water.
With Ibis impression, the people ued the pro
vi-sons v ery lmpru len! lv , till they di-covered miglil be one about the wreck, by partol Ihe thai the alierpart of the quarter deck and corp-e of their shipmate. This was succee
i-ttrn w re gone, ami the g ie continuing for a Med, and they caught a large shark, and from
long lime, the barrels had stove, and Iht-irl that time had many lish, mostly dolphin, till contents were in a solid mass and lost fore-, their h-ippv deliverance. Very fortunately.
ever. a ca-k ol nails which was on deck, lodged in
There happened to be a cask of water ihe lea scupper while on their beam ends:
lashed on the quarter ilick, a pan of whirhi with these they were enabled to fasten th
was saved, containing about thirty gallons, all, shingles on their cabin, which by constant irr
the rest was lost. This lasted about eighteen
days, when the crew wre reduced to the necessity of catching what rain they could, and having no more. At the end of forty das the meat was all gone, and absolute famnie
stared them in lhe face. The hr?t victim lo
this destroyer was Mr. Paddock, lhe mate
whose exquisite distress seemed to redouble the sufferings of his companions. He was a
lar form of the pupil.
Q. Define the retina or third and mem braneous covering. A. The retina is a very fine and delicate membrane. It is formed by the expansion of lhe optic nerve, and is perfectly white. The retina proceeds from the brain, and its office is to receive the images of objects which are painted as it were upon its surface; much in Ihe same manner as white paper receives the images you paint upon it. Q. With what may these membranes or coats of which cover the eye be compared, so that you may understand ihem?
A. They may be compared with the coats of an onion which invest and suppoit each
other.
Q. How many transparent bodies on
tho?e membranes or coati of the eye en
lose? i A. Three. Q. What is the first transparent body! A. It is the vitreous humor. This fills the
back of lhe eye between the cryetalline hu nor and the retina?
Q. What is meant by the orbit of the eye? A. The cavity in which lhe eye rests
It is lined with fat to give the eye an easy motion.
Q. What is (he office of the eye-lids? A. To protect the eye. They also throw
out a fluid which clkans and briehtens lhe
0 -ye. Q. How is vision or sight produced? A. The rays of light come from or are reflected by an object, fall upon the eye, pro
ceed th tough the pupil, are refracted by the
several humoi i, unite in a focus or point on
the retina, and there form an inverted or up idedown image of the object.
Q How do we get an idea of the object?
A. 1 he sensation or nercf Dlion excited hi
-
part of the retina.
Q. AVheli infants first begin to discern ob
jects cleai ly,do they appear to them oupside-
down. A. They ilo, ho doubt Besides,itistliotlght that they see every single thing double, till habits corrects their vision, because the image of every single object is painted on the retina of each eye. Hold your fore-linger perpendicularly between yotlr eyes nnd a candle. Look with both eyes at the linger, and you will see two candles. Look at the candle, and you will sec two fingers. But do not try this experiment often, because it may make you cross-eyed.
provement, had become much more commo
dins, and when reduced to two only, they had
a belter supply of water.
They had now drifted above two thousand
miles and were in latitude 28 North and Ion
gitude 13 West, when to their unspeakable
joy they aw three snips bearing down upon
hern. The ships came as near as was con I 'he image, is conveyed by the optic nerve to
i vuiviii juuu kuvu iicmh-uj i it v it v. o i4C, a ill. UI alu
CASUALTY". On Sunday nn accident of asrriou character huppened al tbe church corner of Tenth and Locust s'reeU, previou to morning seivice, from some defect in the pipes of the fuinare, with which tbi church i heated. The building was filled witlnnlphuretted hydrogen, fiom Ihe Anthracite coal to such a degtee, that it became necessary to open tbe windows and let out lhe fire, to render it supportable to tbe congregation. In order to raie the beat again intended for the evening service, the fire was made up again with charcoal, the fumes from which filled the body of the building-, w hile closed up during the alternoon. In the evening, when the sexton and hii assistant opened tbe church, and began to light tbe lamps, the efTecl of the charcoal furr.es weie soon fell lo an unpleasant extent, and before they could teach the Uie atuios. ihere, they both became insensible. Fortunately prompt assistance wa al han7lo remove Ihem from the noxious atmosphere or their suffocation would ha e been inev itable. The sexton laid in a state of insensibility for half an hour, and the assid;mt fell senstdesa
fmm a ladder which he had ascended to light
lamp, receiitg a sev ere contii-iou on his bead. They were belli removed home, where medic
al aid was procured, and Ihe church closed fr the evening. This is another caution lo the many given against inhaling charcoal furnes.
J'ul. Uaz.
Onions an antidote for Poiion. Upward?
of forty years ago. I knew a man w ho willing
ly took eleven grams of arsenic to warm tea
in order to kill himself. It took effict imme
diately. Three physicians exerted (heir skill
to save him, hut to no purpose, and said he
must die By their consent another person
proposed onions, which were immediately ap-
piteti io ins stomach, arm-pits, wrifds, and all
me tenderest parts ol Ins body. Though he
was much swelled he immediately began to recover, and the next day went to his work. 1
ippeareu like, a miracle to all who witnessed t. I have heard of onions being used for the
bite of a rattlesnake with good success, by
ueing appneu to the wound.
dir. Adv. The Faris Times of the 11th ul(. contain
this statement: "On the receipt of the Amer
ican papers at Ilivrc, the members oJ Hit General Council and the chief merchants mel
together, to ward olf if possible, the blow whicl threatened commerce. The meeting was unanimous for pctitioing the chamber to acquicso
in the American indemnity. 1 lie petition wa'
drawn andinslantly covered with signatures.' convened.
i method of extracting the juice of the Sugar
Mnple, for the purpise cf making sugar, xalhout
injuring the tree. It nas wm customary to I at a gash from a tree, fiom w hu b tbe sacbai ine ipmr flows, or to bore a bole , and put in a reed, and when the liquor cease lo flow plugging up the whole. Doth these meth uls are injuriou and tenil lo destroy lhe ttee. In the latter cafe the Iree rots round lhe plug some ili-tanre within. The following method is proposed in lieu of these, and ha been succes-fully practised in Kentucky. At the proper eeasun for the ninning of the liquor, open the ground, and If ct a tender root, about the sizo of one or Inn finger, cut elf lhe end and raise lhe root Mifliriet.tly out o the ground to turn the cut end into tbe iec i ver. It will emit the liquor from lhe wmjnd a fretly as by eilber n( lhe other mitimds. When it ceases lo flow, bury lhe root again, and the tree will not be hull. Wonders of Chemistry. Water is compmrd
of an inflammable sulis-fr.nce, and a siib-fance wbirh ha especial power in supporting rumnuslion. Aquafoili and the air we breathe arc made of tbe tame material. l'oiab, sod a, lime, and probably all lhe eatths are but rut of me. tals iluid. qnickilver, hghter than water, and .vhich take fire when brought into contact with ce. Linen and segar, and spitiU of wine, are o similar tn composition that an obi hnt can be converted into it own weight of sugar, iu spirits of wine. Gum, ugar and starch are composed of the same materials, and both gum and 'larch are readily convertible ii, i o iignf ami iu
he common process cf 4 malting,' are Always