Walkerton Independent, Volume 24, Number 28, Walkerton, St. Joseph County, 28 January 1899 — Page 3

AGRICULTI RAL NEWS THINGS PERTAINING TO THE FARM AND HOME. How a Big Tree May Be Felled in Any Direction — Keeping Cribbed Corn Clean-Digestibility of Corn and Cob Meal—Brief Farm Note*. The chopper approaches the tree with a plumb-line; If the top does not lean more than two feet in the case of a large tree, or more than four feet in the case of a small one, he considers that he can fall it in any direction he may -desire. He then views the ground, says William Adams in the Engineering Magazine, and selects the most promising "layout," and the undercut is made exactly facing it The “undercut" usually extends about one-third through, and then the tree is sawed in from the back to meet it. When the two cuts are within six inches of meeting the saw is removed, and the tree is wedged up until the top passes the center of gravity, when it falls by its own weight, easily breaking the strip of wood remaining. Where the surface of the ground is such that it is necessary for the butt and the top to strike the ground simultaneously, the stump is snubbed off at the underc ut, which provides a slanting surface, so that the butt has no place to rest, and perforce slides to the ground. If the tree needs to be rolled off to one side, half the undercut is slanted, and a*pile of chips is placed on the flat surface of the other half; the result never falls to manifest the efficacy of this device. Again, by leaving one side of the uncut wood between the undercut and the saw-cut thicker than the other, the tree may be drawn considerably away from its natural course. To Keep Cribbed Corn Clean. When Indian corn is stored in cribs for any length of time vermin will penetrate into it. There are several reasons why this is so. Many cribs are built too low on the ground. Rats and mice will quickly burrow into the soft, dry dirt beneath such a crib. Once there it is almost impossible to get rid of them. The spaces between the boards or rails of a corn crib are generally too wide. A space of about two inches will admit a great deal of dirt; besides, it is a wide open door for mice. All cribs should be built at least six inches above the ground. It would be better if there was a space of a foot or more between the floor and the ground. This space should be tightly boarded up. No vermin could gain a permanent foothold beneath a crib thus built. The sleepers on which the floor rests should have smooth, even surfaces. The boards of the floor should be laid together as closely as possible. By doing this the farmer will help to rid himself of the grain worms and grain weevils which exist in large numbers beneath an imperfectly made floor. Instead of using six-inch boards on the sides of his crib, with spaces of two inches between them, the farmer who wishes to keep i his corn free of mice and dirt should ' use four-inch boards, with one-half inch spaces between. If he builds rail , cribs, some of the rails should be hewn at the ends. Closely woven wire netting or slats would be excellent to pre- 1 vent the gnawing of the boards, besides preserving their usefulness.—Orange Judd Farmer. Corn and Cob Meal. A comparison of the constituent substances and their digestibility of corn meal and corn and cob meal will make the matter perhaps plain. Corn meal contains about 13% per cent, of water. 1% per cent, of ash. 3% per cent, of fat. 9% per cent of protein and 70 per cent, of starch, etc. Corn cobs contain about 10% per cent, of water. 1% per cent, of ash. 2% per cent, of protein, one-half of 1 per cent of fat, and 55 per cent, of starch, etc. It will be noticed that the corn meal contains nearly four times as much protein as the cob meal, and seven times as much fat. Os indigestible crude fiber the corn meal contains but 2 per cent, while the corn cob meal contains 30 per cent. It will be noticed. therefore, that there is nearly one-third of the cob meal that is indigestible, but it contains a fair proportion of digestible matter, however. The corn and cobs are ground together because greater digestibility is thus secured to both substances, while the mechanical action of the cob meal is considered an advantage. Troduction of In winter the egg markets in the cities are never supplied with fresh eggs. Even in summer, when the prices are sometimes low, the cost of keeping the fowls is greatly decreased; in fact, on the farm the cost is barely noticeable, and the egg production steadily increases. It is a great mistake to select the best pullets and send them to market in the fall and early winter, and re- ( serve the culls and old hens, and from . them expect the egg supply during the : winter. These fowls, if confined for a | few days in a fattening coop, can be ’ made ready for market, and then farm- ; ers can retain the true egg pr> diners at home. Os course it is expected that every one will be humane enough to prepare warm and dry quarter-- for their poultry, besides see that they have a proper allowance of food ami always a supply of fresh water, for in winter all domesticated memlH-rs of the barn yard are forced to depend on man j for proper care. Our farmers may not > only supply our own markets, but pro- ; vide eggs for export. It is said that the egg supply from our three largest egg-producing States is not sufficient to supply the New York market alone. If this be true, consider how small the egg production of this country really is. We should depend on ourselves, keep this amount of money at home and benefit our country. Poultry raising and the proluction of eggs pay. Not only should we be dependent on ourselves, but other countries should be dependent upon us.—Farm and Fireside. Fighting the Gypsy Moth. As showing how formidable a pest the gypsy moth is to contend with in Massachusetts, it is stated that 2,070 nests were found on a single tree, each of which had between 500 and 600 eggs. This one tree was carrying through the winter a prospective increase of 1,035,000 caterpillars in a single year. Strong colonies, if undisturbed, will kill most deciduous trees in two years, and evergreen trees in one year. They not only

destroy the first foliage, but continue ■ their ravages as the trees put forth new foliage, until the last of July. Gen. Lawrence, of Medford, spent in one ; season more than $3,000 in the effort j to protect the trees on his own premises, but failed and was obliged to call on the State employes. It is urged that the battle against this insect is not for the protection of Masachusetts alone, for if the work should lx? discontinued, and the moth is allowed to increase along the highways and railroads, the I inevitable result will be to carry into I other States the most dangerous and destructive insect pest ever introduced into this country.—Hartford Times. Fxperimenh with Lime. Experiments made with lime at the Rhode Island station show that lime gives wonderful results on clover and grass, even if it has been well treated with fertilizers. Beets also respond readily to lime, and the gain is remarkable where lime was used. The experiments were made on plots treated alike in every respect, except that airslaked lime would be used on one and left out for the other. On one plot the yield of beets was doubled compared with the one unlimed, and on another farm the yield of beets on the limed land wa^ over nine times as much as on the ther plot. The experiments demonstrate conclusively that lime will largely increase the yield of a beet crop, ami on all clover and grass plots the increase was very marked. In cases where land for oats was limed the results were also good. The use of lime should tie more general, in the face of the results obtained, whether the soil is heavy or light, as the cost was but little, comparatively. Food grown on limed land Is probably better relished, and if the land receives fertilizers or manure the results are lasting. Potatoes in Orchard. The potato crop is probably the most exacting In its requirements of labor at special times of any that the Northern farmer can grow. In cultivating, de- , stroylng bugs and harvesting a little delay involves the loss of everything that has heretofore been done. All these operations are going on while labor is needed in cultivating corn. Hence farmers who make a specialty of one crop cannot well grow the other extensively. A large orchard in bearing also interferes with success in growing potatoes. The harvesting and marketing of one is pretty sure to be nearly simultaneous with that of the other. It was the practice of a shrewd farmer who owned a large apple orchard to wait until his apple trees bios- ; somed before deciding whether to plant largely of potatoes or not. He had learned by experience that the two crops greatly interfered with each other, and often t ade one or the other of them unprofitable.—Hartford Times. 'eedlyss Fruits. A good many varieties of fruits have been grown so long from cuttings that they have become seedless. We have now apples and pears that are almost seedless, specimens frequently being found that are altogether so, and seedless grapes and orang, s are net at all uncommon. The banana has no seed^ or at best only rudimentary ones, and the pineapple is a seedless fruit. All this must have taken long years of selection. whether it was done intelligently or by chance, and all seedless fruits are valued because they are usually of superior sorts. A story is going the rounds that a melon grower has discovered a method , of producing seedless melons. This is ’ to cover the joints of the vines until roots start from them, and then cut them off at the roots, leaving the secondary roots to su oport the vine. This sounds quite nice, and the only trouble with it is that it isn’t true. If we could produce seedless melons in this way it would be a valuable discovery, but having been tried it was found that the melons had the usual number of seeds, as usual in the sweetest part of the melon.—Farmers’ Voice. Keeping Apples. The proper temperature for keeping apples is as nearly 35 degrees Fahrenheit as it is possible to keep it, and in order to maintain this it will often be necessary in this climate to provide a separate place for storing the fruit, as the average cellar under the dwelling house is wholly unfit for this purpose. If the cellar consist of several compartments so that one can be shut off completely from the others and the temperature in this kept below 40 degrees, it will answer the purpose very well. If this cannot be done, a cheap storage house may be built in connection with the ice house, by building a room underneath, having it surrounded with ice on the sides and overhead, with facilities for drainage underneath, keeping the air dry by means of chloride of calcium placed on the floor in an open water-tight vessel, such as a large milk crock or pan. In this way the temperature may be kept very near the freezing point the year round, and apples may bo kept alm .st ’.ndefiu'udr.—Farm Journal. Nature'. Moth Destroyer. A plant is cif tlvat^l in New Zealand with great care and on a great scale, whivh has the singular pr. petty of de- ■ straying the moths that infest vegetai tion. This valuable plant is the Aura- ■ gia albens. it :s a native of South j Africa, but is easily acclimated wherI ever there is no frost. It produces a : large number of whitish flowers of an ; i agreeable odor, which attract insects. i ' On a summer evening may be seen I bushes of auragia covered with moths. I : which by the following morning have j quite disappeared. The action of the flower is entirely mechanical. The calyx 1 is deep and the nectar is placed at its ■ liase. Attracted by the sight and powerful perfume of this nectar, the moth penetrates into the calyx and pushes forward its proboscis to get the pre- : cions food, but before it is able to do | this, it is seized between two solid jaws I that guard the passage, and that keep • the insect prisoner until it dies.— । Cosmos. Money for Somebody. ' The Belgian Government offers a : prize of SIO,OOO to any one who will discover a chemical that will take the place of white phosphorus in match- ’ making. Man claims to be lord of all creation, । but when a savage bulldog chases i^im . he fails to act the part.

INDIANA INCIDENTS. RECORD OF EVENTS OF THE PAST WEEK. Figure the Cush Value of a Boy’s Life — Important Damage Suit Decided at La Porte —Gas Companies Absorbed by a Syndicate. After staying out fifty-three hours the jury in the SIO,OOO damage action brought by Solomon Addison against the city of Elwood for the death of his young son returned a verdict for $599. The verdict was reached under unusual procedure. Addison’s 8-year-old boy was drowned in a ditch at Elwood. The father sued for damages. The jury had to figure out what a boy was worth from 8 years to 21. It placed his earnings between 8 and 10 years at 45 cents a week, keeping 85 cents; from 10 to 12, earnings 75 cents, keeping $1.25; from 12 to 15, earnings $4, keeping $2; from 15 to 18, earnings $5, keeping $2.25: from 18 to 21, earnings $6, । keeping $4. Goes Auainst Ice Company. The SIO,OOO damage suit of William Zahart against the John Hilt Ice Company was concluded at Laporte, when the jury gave the plaintiff damages in the sum of $450. The suit grew out of the refusal of the company to compensate Zahart for the privilege of taking ice from ( Fine lake, the water of which abuts the latter’s land. This ease holds a unique position in the annals of the legal history of Indiana, as it is entirely without precedent. The Hilt Company will appeal to the State Supreme Court, and should that , court sustain the lower court it is understood the case will be carried to the United States Supreme Court. Control Natural-Gas Field. Almost all of the natural gas supply companies furnishing gas groin the field to towns and cities and also the company supplying the thirty-two Ohio towns ami cities have been absorbed by a New York syndicate, headed by Murdock & Deterich. Over 2,000 miles of mains have binm absorlted and fully 200 towns, ini eluding most of those even in the gas belt, । are dependent upon the will of the trust now for their natural gas supply. The capitalization of the new trust is $60,000,000. $50,00 1 to Franklin College. John D. Rockefeller, the Standard Oil man. who has contributed so freely to Baptist institutions, has made a provisional gift to Franklin College, the Baptists’ Indiana institution. He offers ss<i,imh» ! cash if the Baptists of the State will raise i a similar amount. Parry, the buggy man- ' ufacturer, the Shirks of Peru ami other millionaire Baptists in the State have already covered his proposition and guaranteed the required sum. Within Our Border!. A company to manufacture l>eet sugar is Iwing formed at Marion. Stephen Todd of Toledo, Ohio, has taken a long lease on the New Lindell Hotel, Kokomo. Robert Roark of Harrisburg. 111., ami Miss I.ottie Knowlton of Fort Wayne met at Terre Haute and were married. Frankton, which suffered from a disastrous tire recently, has decided to put in water works and have a paid tire department. The grip is almost < pi. tone in 1: k ville. Many business men are down with the disease. There has been no fatal Ollie, the 17 year-old son of 11. P. Richards, living in Marion, was instantly killed while engaged with his father in felling timber. At N ineennos. Henry Wagner, while doing carpenter work, fell into a collar, breaking his neck, killing him instantly. He was 22 years old. At Anderson. Henri Gondon was un able to tell the county clerk the last name of his bride-to-be and the wedding had to be postponed for a day. A sycamore tree is standing on the Matchett farm, near Pierceton, which measures twenty feet in circumference near the base and is sixty feet to the first limb. Lucy Van, a valuable pacing mare belonging to Van Buskirk Brothers of Anderson, died at Pendleton of catarrhal fever. Lucy Van had a record of 2:20%, was five years old and was valued at sl,100. An explosion of natural gas wrecked the home of Charles Null at Kokomo and three women were frightfully burned. Mrs. Null’s clothng was burned off. Marion Smith and Alza Burns were burned on the hands and face. A lighted lamp in the cellar caused the explosion, gas having accumulated there from a leaking Pipe. At Logansport, the jury in the case of the State against William Fitzgerald, charged with murder, returned a verdict finding the defendant guilty of murder in the first degree and fixing punishment at imprisonment for life. Fitzgerald's crime was the killing of Quincy Beebe, the 14-year-old son of Samuel Beebe, a resident of Bunker Hill, on Oct. 5 last. An Indianapolis paper notes that much criticism has been aroused among patrons because of the nude statuary gracing the halls of the new Jefferson school building at Muncie, and some parents have withdrawn their children from the school. The statuary meets the approval of Prof. W. R. Snyder and the School Board, and is not condemned by many club women and teachers. The striking of the big oil well in Washington township is creating intense exeitement among the oil fraternity. Never ; within the history of the Indiana field lias । such a tremendous gusher been drilled in that section. Oil leasers are flocking in ami snapping up all the available territory, and it begins to look as if Blackford County is to furnish a new Eldorado in the Indiana field. The well is estimated by conservative men at 1,000 per day. Emory Jones, aged 40, residing mar : Binkley, and for many years a prominent i teacher in the schools of Randolph Coun- | ty, died <>f lockjaw, the result, probably, of a gunshot wound in the left arm which he re< ci ved I lee. 31. ' '1 lie fate of NN . I. Sullivan, a railway employe at Evansville, offers an instance of a warning conveyed in a dream. He dreamed that he had been killed by the cars. The next day he was caught under a moving train, but saved himself by clinging to a rod. A few hours later he was caught by a switch engine and cut to pieces. NVilliam Ford, an inexperienced electrician in the employ of the Hartford City Light and Power Company, met an unexpected death in the court house basement. NVhile being instructed how to trim a lamp he grasped a live wire and was killed instantly. There was a conflict at Hammond between employes of the Terminal Transfer Railway Company and Hammond city authorities. The company attempted to lay an additional siding across Sheffield avenue. Mayor Heilly and Alderman Rohde ordered the men to quit work under penalty of being arrested. NVhen work was abandoned city employes tore up the track and repaired the sj-eet.

WEARY OfwR ANGLEa Preßif,en erL.U 9 °^ Bt ° P the B “*- erlnss I* the Army averts that the 1 resident ^ profouudl disDlea „ ed with the seasons wranglings' of army officers, which h ave so ous in the past fev months. NVhile he is most anxious to aq as „ peacemaker, he will stop these us«le Ss bickerings in the army and put an e nd to the poßsibilitieß of further scandal, even if he has to order several more courts martial to accom . phsh his purpose. The strained relations between the general in command of the army and the NN a r Department proper will not be eased by the punishment of Commissary General Eagan. It is the general belief that Miles has been deliberately seeking trouble. Considering the directness of the evidence which will support the charges and specifications, it can make little difference t° Gen. Eagan who tries him. He will be convicted ot conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman and conduct prejudicial to good order and military discipline. The sentence of the court will be dismissal from the service of the United States, and it wll remain with the President to approvwn- mitigate the finding. It has been ta' President’s desire to censure Gen. E for hi “ extraordinary language, and? 10 would have done so without a court if the Drecedenta «^ld have permitted. / , The President 4f 9da y announced at the cabinet nusMfiqj^Mit he had decided to order a court martS^fto try Commissary General Eagan for the abusive and violent language he used respecting Gen. Miles before the war investigating commission. Prior to the cabinet session the President held a conference with the Secretary of NVar and Adjutant General Corbin. It was brief, but the action to follow Eagan’s utterances was decidl'd and when the cabinet met the President announced he had reached a decision rn the matter. He said he had determined there was only one course to adopt and that was to order a court martial convened to try Eagan. The decision met the approval of the members of the cabinet. There was some discussion following the President's announcement, in which the ease was threshed over to some extent, though the President himself took little part in the discussion. The details of the action were left to the Secretary of NVar. CIVIL WAR RAGES IN SAMOA. Followers of the Rival Chiefs Cngiqrf in Conflict. Civil war 'i again raging in Samoa. Advices say that the controversy between the rival candidates for the throne in suo cession to the late King Malietoa has resulted in armed conflicts. Chief Justice Chambers decided that Malietoa Tatiu was elected to the throne. Mataafa and his followers refused to accept this decision and took up arms. Much property has been destroyed and many i>ersons killed or wounded. The German cruiser Faljte and the British cruiser Porjxuse wen* endeavoring to suppress the uprising. Seve-al thousand of Mataafa's followers defeated 2,000 of the followers of Malietoa Tanu, ambushing them and killing and wounding many. The rebels burned 4* *• houses and destroyed the town of Upolu. They have cut down many fruit trees. No foreigners were injured. TO STUDY PORTO RICO. President Will Rend Commission to That Colony. l‘i- .lent McKinley i a arranging for the appointment of a evlonU] commission for Porto Rico somewhat e.juiar iu ■ pe t • that apiHiinted to go ti th.- Philippines. The commission will exercise the functions of an advisory body, and will probably include as ex-oflleio members Maj. Gen. Guy V. Henry, commanding the military department of Porto Rico, and Commander A. S. Snow, in charge of naval affairs there. The commission will advise the President as to the proper method of dealing with Porto Rican questions. Its report will be transmitted to Congress when it is desired to establish a permanent form of government in Porto Rico. Bandits Raid a Town. Four bandits rode into the town of Vian, I. T„ on the K. & A. V. Railroad, and while three of them sti»od guard, the fourth broke into Allen Bros.’ general store, dynamited the safe and secured $l5O and a number of checks. The Vian Trading Company's store was next visited. Here the safe was also blown open and S2OO taken. Citizens appeared in the streets, but were driven back by the fire from the bandits’ revolvers. The robbers then rode off. Mob Lynches Negroes, Two negroes, George Call, alias Toney, and John Shaw, alias PigHt, met death at the hands of a mob in Lynchburg, Tenn. There is no clew to the identity of the lynchers. The negroes were about 18 years old. Ropes were around their necks and it was the intention to hang them, but the negroes showed fight and were shot to death. The negroes were whipped by NVhite Caps a year ago and run out of town, but returned. Sleeping Girl Awakened.! Eva Roch, the “sleeping girl” of Montreal, who has been in a state of catalepsy for twenty-eight days, has been awakened from her long slumber. The doctors in attendance on the young woman succeeded in bringing her to by sticking red hot needles in her spine. Leprosy in Kentucky. Dr. NVilliam Current of Paris, Ky., who has returned from < trip through the State, says that nezri^t ringtown, Grant County, he encoturtejed three cases of genuine Asiatic lepro# in a family of five persons The afflicted °nes had not been isolated. Soldier Sentenced to Death. Private Buckley oil the Second Louisiana regiment at Havana, who was tried by court martial for flie murder of a fellow soldier, has been found guilty and sentenced to death. Told in a Few Lines. Order is being preserved in Havana by a patrol of the streets by American troops. Deaths in Santa Clara, Cuba, during the past three years have equaled 80 per cent of the population. I.ate news from Samoa is that no king has been elected and that war is probable between rival claimants. Mr. and Mrs. NVilli am Simms of NVest Louisville, Ky.. celebrated the sixtieth anniversary of their wedding. Ten Spanish priests, who fled from the Philippines to escape Aguinaldo's wrath, have arrived in San Francisco. Ihe work of reducing the military forces of the United States to a peace footing is progressing slowly, but steadily. It is said that the coining river and harbor bill will provide f or mo re promptness in relieving harbors of wrecks and derelicts. Prof. J. B. Hatcher of Princeton, N. J., has gone back to Patagonia to continue his search for rare fossils and to explore the interior of the eou ntr y. The Postoffice D e p artm( ; nt has decided to issue a new set of 6tamps for Cuba, and the bureau of engr avln / and printing has been called on f Or degi *

THE SUNDAY SCHOOL. SERIOUS SUBJECTS CAREFULLY CONSIDERED. A Scholarly Exposition of the Leason -Thoughts Worthy of Calm Reflec-tion-Half an Hour's Study of tho Scriptures—Time Well Spent. Lesson for January 29. Golden Text.—“ Whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him, shall never thirst.”—John I: 14. The text of this lesson is in John 4: 515; its suiteject is “Christ at Jacob’s NVell.” The present lesson may be classed with the early Judean ministry, as its incidents occurred in the journey from Judea to Galilee, and its type of teaching is that of the Judean rather than the Galilean ministry. The date is about December, A. D. 27, after a summer and autumn spent in teaching in Judea. During this time, shortly before the imprisonment of John the Baptist, that prophet pays a high tribute to his Master (John 3: 27-30.) Explanatory. The reason for Jesus' departure from Judea (4: 1,2) was that he might not incur the open opposition of the Pharisees through their jealousy of his growing power. He did not fear them; at a later period he fearlessly condemned and withstood them. But just now it did not suit his plan to provoke a conflict in Judea. He had work first to do in Galilee. Hil route lay through the country of the Samaritans, unless he crossed the Jordan and took a circuitous course on the east of that river, recrossing it just south of the Sea of Galilee. The feud between the Jews and the Samaritans was a long standing one. It dated back to the return of the Jews from the Babylonian captivity in the sixth century before Christ. They found established in the hill country a few miles north of Jerusalem a mixed race descended from the intermarriages of the foreign colonists placed there by the Assyrian conqueror after the fall of Samaria in 721 (2 Kings 17: 24), and the Hebrews who had remained in the land. The book of Nehemiah records some of the quarrels with these people which arose during the rebuilding of Jerusalem. From that time on there was hatred between the two nations. This was intensified by religious, or theological antagonism; the Samaritans rejecting all of the Bible save the Pentateuch, denying the duty to worship in the temple at Jerusalem, and maintaining a temple of their own on Mount Gerizim. The original temple was in ruins in the time of Jesus, but the Samaritans continued to worship on the mountain; and to the present day, the little handful of Samaritans, descended from the ancient race, who reside in and near the modern village of Nablous, the ancient Shechem, between Mounts Ebal and Gerizim, continue this practice. 1 his spot of laud surrounding Jacob's well and in tho immediate vicinity was full of ancient traditions even in the time of Jesus. Here Jacob bought a piece of ground, which he later gave to Joseph and there Joseph was finally buried. Seo Gen. 33: 19 and Josh. 24: 32. The well remains to-day, one of the few sites in Palestine concerning which there is no dispute. It is said to be now about seventy five feet deep and contains rainwater except in the dry season. Anciently, as shown by the word us,si in the Greek, it was a spring, containing "living" or running water. j "Bi ing wearied with his journey, sat thus in the well": rather, by tho well, iwrhaps ~n the st .ms th,'it formed its curb. The little word "thus" is very suggestive. Being weary, he sat down just as he was; tire,], like any other man; not miraculously redeemed from the ordinary fatigue-- of life, nor front its hunger and thirst. And it was while he was sitting "thus" by the well, unfit, as we should say, for any exertion, that he exerted himself to declare the truth to this outcast woman. "The sixth hour” was probably noon; although some have supposed that John uses the Roman mode of reckoning, which was the same as our own, and that this was six o'clock in the afternoon. At that hour, however, there would have been many women drawing water and the conversation would have been interrupted. The woman was not from the city of Samaria, which was several miles away, but of the province of Samaria. It is an artificial view of the whole story ‘ which makes Jesus ask for a drink with , the sole purpose of opening a conversa . tion with the woman upon her spiritual welfare. This story has the stamp of naturalness. He asked for a drink because he was thirsty and had no jar or rope to draw water with. । In any such narrative we find it impossible to decide exactly what shade of [ meaning the speakers may have conveyed ; by their accent and their facial expression. ; Thus, for example, when the woman in- , quired, “How is it that thou, being a j Jew, askest drink of me?” etc., we cannot , tell certainly whether she spoke, as one commentator suggests, in a “half-amused and half-triumphant manner,” or whether there was a slight touch of surprised gratitude at the courteous tone and the implied confidence of this high-bred Jewish stranger. Knowing the woman's charac- . ter, one inclines to the former alternative, yet either is possible. “If thou knewest”: Dr. Dods comments: ’ "The pathos of the situation strikes Jesus. The woman stands on the brink of the greatest possibilities, but is utterly unconscious of them.” In the words of Je- , sus, “he would have given thee living , water,” we may completely destroy the . meaning by wrong emphasis—and usually E do. The words are usually read "he would , have given thee living water,” as if the t point'was merely that Jesus promised, in an unequivocal way, spiritual blessing in place of temporal. The sentence should rather be read "he would have given thee • living water—that is, their real positions I were the reverse of the relation that ap- ■ peared on the surface. He was really the I master of the situation, and she the person in need. The woman speaks of some Samaritan tradition, not of anything found in the • Jewish scriptures, when she claims Jacob as the ancestor of her race and the well , as a gift by him to the nation. Her point , seems to be that if Jesus could draw water out of this deep well without bucket or rope he would be a greater man than the patriarch who dug the well. “NVhosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst.” A very strong expression in the Greek: "will certainly not thirst forever.” The lesson should not stop here; for Hie woman's request, at this point, for the water was not an intelligent request for the spiritual refreshment and strength which Jesus promised. Next Lesson—“ The Nobleman's Son Healed.” —John 4: 43-54. Good Reason Why. “Now, children, I want you all to remember that James NVatt discovered the wonderful steam engine by simply watching the kettle boil.” “Please, ma'am, 1 don't just see how that could be.” “Why not?” “ ’Cause watched pots niver iwils.” — Brooklyn Life.

STATE LAW MAKERS. Two thousand persons crowded the hall of the House of Representatives on Wednesday, when the two branches of the Legislature met in joint convention to canvass the vote taken the previous day and formally announce the election of Albert J. Beveridge to be United States * Senator. The 36-year-old Senator, look- ’ ing like a man of not more than 25, was brought in and was welcomed with a dem- i onstration lasting several minutes. He : made an extended speech. By a vote of 45 to 46 the bill under < which the State authorities hoped to proceed successfully against the Roby race track people and the persons and concerns wasting natural gas was defeated in the House on Thursday. 'The friends of the measure say the clerks made a mistake in the roll call, and that later the bill will be passed. Mr. Mull and Mr. Manifold gave notice that they would ask that the record be corrected, and if this is not done they will ask for a reconsideration of the vote. Five men who are recorded as voting against the bill declare they voted for it. The chief argument against the bill was that it was too drastic. It makes any repeated violation of a penal statute a nuisance and authorizes any public officer to bring suit for injunction without giving bond. The anti-Roby race track bill was killed in the House on Friday. A reconsideration of the vote by which the bill was defeated the day before was moved by Mr. Manifold, and the motion was lost by a vote of 60 to 35. The House by a vote of 83 to 6 advanced the bill for the establishment of a county council in every county in the State. The third act of the House was to kill the pet bill of Gov. Mount for the teaching of agriculture in the public schools. Both branches ot’ the General Assembly had half-day sessions Saturday morning and adjourned at noon. An attempt was made in the House to revive the bill introduced by Mr. Barlow, at the suggestion of Gov. Mount, providing for the study of agriculture in the public schools, which was killed in the House a few days before. Mr. Neal introduced a resolution providing for “nature studies” in schools for a limited amount of time a week; and speeches were made in favor of the resolution by all the leading speakers for the Governor's agricultural ideas. The resolution was referred to the Committee on Education. A resolution introduced by Mr. Hayes of St. Joseph County, caused considerable friction in the House. It expressed the opinion that the next Republican national convention should declare itself opposed to trusts and monopolies. Most of the Republicans voted to table the resolution. The motion to table prevailed by a vote of 43 to 26. In the Senate the constitutional rules were suspended and the bill fixing the term of the Appellate Court was passed. It tixes the end of the term in March, 1903. S. E. .Nicholson of Kokomo, chairman of the committee representing the allied churches of the State, brought to Indianapolis on Monday a bill for changes in tho divorce law. and it was introduced in each branch of the Legislature. It simply provides that a divorced person shall not remarry within two years after being divorced. The new anti-Roby race track bill-was also introduced in each bouse. It confers on the Attorney General only the authority to bring injunction suits without giving bond. The legislation for reform in county and township business was pushed along another notch on Tuesday, the house accepting the committee report favoring the • passage of the bill to establish a county i cotineil in eieiy county in the State. 1 lie | count} and township bill will now go to i a joint committee, which will report back bills for the consideration of the Republican caucus. Health in the Philippines. It is unfortunately true that the climate of the Philippines is especially severe in its effect on white women and children. It is very doubtful, In my judgment, if many successive generations of European or American children could be reared there. NVe must then, 1 think, necessarily admit that we have here a serious, though not necessarily insurmountable, obstacle to the development of the great resources of this remarkable country. Malaria and digestive troubles aside, the health of the colony Is fairly good, and the danger from epidemic disease is comparative!j - slight. Smallpox is always present, but seldom spreads rapidly, as a large percentage of the natives have it during childhood, so that there is hardly material for an epidemic. Cholera is infrequent, but when it once starts cannot be controlled. The natives believe that a black dog runs down the street, and the disease breaks out behind him. They declare that it is the will of God, and refuse to take the simplest precautions. Leprosy occurs, but is not common. There is a great deal of biri-biri in Balabac, and I have seen it in Mindoro. The bubonic plague has, fortunately, never gained a hold in the Philippines. American Books. Just so long as reprinted editions of foreign books are cheaper than copyrighted American books, the readers among us will be more familiar with the works of foreign ix riters than they . are with those produced at home. People whose means are limited cannot afford to pay a dollar or a dollar and a ' half or probably two dollars for a novel 1 even by our best writers when they can 1 get literature of the same class by for- ; eign authors for less than half these } prices. If our leading writers want their books to be read by any consider- , able number of their countrymen, they will have to put them out in cheap as well as high-priced editions. ! • Odds and Ends. 1 Japan now makes its own electric machinery. Australia possesses one-fifth of the world's stock of sheep. The policemen are not all fathers, but | each one has a little Billy of his own. i No politician cares to die, but they all j seem anxious to join the great majority. Dress is what an actor has to have, and redress is what many of them are after. Though Thomas B. Reed holds the record for length of consecutive service in Congress, Joseph G. Cannon, of Illinois, has served in all two years longer than Mr. Reed. There are no fewer than thirty-one Scottish societies in London, of which twelve are distinctly Highland, either in their constitution, or as associated with Highland counties. Bad temper has an injurious physical effect on the digestion. Bad temper tends to a disposition of blood to the brain, and this leaves the stomach unable to perform its functions properly.

| THE STATE LEGISLATURES, i] Wednesday. In Arkansas Gov. Dan W. Jones and other State officers were inaugurated. In NVest Virginia the Senate and Governor continue to ignore the organization of the House. In Minnesota the Legislature in joint session passed a resolution urging early ratification of tho peace treaty. In Michigan the Pingree and anti-Pin-gree forces had a fight over increasing an election committee. The result is claimed as a victory by the anti-Pingree faction. In NVisconsin the Republican caucus took three ballots for nominee for United States Senator and adjourned. Quarles led on the third ballot, with Stephenson second. In California, Delaware, North Dakota, Montana. Washington, Utah and Nebraska joint ballots for United States Senator were taken, without material change in the standing of the candidates. In Pennsylvania the first joint ballot for United States Senator was cast, without gain for Quay. The opposition became indignant at the rulings of Lieut. Gov. Gobin and formulated a protest. Thursday, In North Dakota the Republican caucus nominated Porter J. McCumbee for United States Senator. In Texas a bill was introduced compelling life insurance companies to invest onefourth their profits in Texas. In Pennsylvania another joint ballot was taken without rehult. Quay receiving 111 votes. Both sides expressed certainty of victory. In New York the Buffalo boomers rushed the. Pan-American exposition bill through Senate and secured Roosevelt’s assurance of early signature. Joint balloting for Senators proceeded without result in the following States: Nebraska, Utah, Delaware, Montana, North Dakota, California, Washington. In the Republican caucus in Wisconsin sixteen more ballots, making nineteen in all, were taken without radical change. Stevenson, after the slump on the third ballot, rallied and gained five votes. Quarles still leads. Friday. In North Dakota the election of McCumber as Senator was formally ratified. In Michigan the opposition to Pingree introduced a bill to take the place of the Atkinson taxation bill. In Minnesota the Senate concurred in the House resolution urging early ratification of the peace treaty. In Tennessee Gov. McMillin sent a message to the Legislature advising a special tax for a State sinking fund. In Kansas it was announced a bill would be introduced prohibiting in future the mortgaging of homesteads. In Pennsylvania, Nebraska, Delaware, Montana, NVashington, Utah and California the Legislatures balloted for Senator without making a choice. In Utah a vote was cast for Mrs. Mattie Cannon for United States Senator, and she is being talked of as a possibility. The deadlock continues unbroken. In NVisconsin three ballots were taken for United States Senator in the Republican caucus without change, and an adjournment was taken until Monday night. Saturday. In NVest Virginia contests were partially considered. Democrats are conceding election of Scott for Senator. In California, Utah, Nebraska, Delaware, Washington and Montana the Legislatures took ballots for Senator without breaking deadlocks. In Pennsylvania one vote for Senator was taken without apparent change. Quay men hint at plan for his election to be put into effect on Tuesday. Monday. In NVest Virginia the opposing branches of the Legislature continued their warfare over contested seats. In the Nevada House a test ballot showed votes evenly divided between Stewart and Newlands, with one absent. In NVisconsin the Republican caucus took three ballots for United States Senator without material change in the result. In Montana. Utah, Washington, California and Delaware ballots were taken for United States Senator without a choice. In New York both Democrats and Republicans offered resolutions urging the ratification of the peace treaty. The resolutions were referred to a committee. In Pennsylvania one vote for Senator was taken without change in standing of candidates. The reward for the detection of bribery now amounts to $40,000. In Nebraska, it is said, Senator Allen has agreed to withdraw from the senatorial fight and throw the sixty fusion votes to Editor Rosewater, Republican, for which the editor is to support Allen for Thurston's seat in 1901. Tuesday. In Nevada NVilliam M. Stewart (Silverite) was re-elected United States Senator. In Pennsylvania the senatorial fight is growing bitter, but the deadlock is unbroken. In New Jersey John Kean (Republican) was elected United States Senator to succeed James Smith. Jr. In NVisconsin the Republican senatorial caucus took twenty-five ballots without change of note for any of the candidates. in Michigan several new measures were introduced, including a general taxation bill and one providing for a tax on incomes. In Texas former Governor C. A. Culberson I Democrat) was elected by acclamation United States Senator to succeed Roger Q. Mills. In Utah, California, Delaware, NVashington, Nebraska and Montana ballots were taken for United States Senator without a chaice. News of Minor Note. The Philadelphia mint has begun the coinage of $40,000,000 of gold bullion. An Austrian inventor has discovered a method of exploding bombs by the action | of light. Commercial bodies of California have decided to ask Government tariff protec- | tion for the fruit industry of the United The North Carolina Legislature has passed resolutions demanding that no colored men be given political positions in that State. , Dr. A. M. Sears of Callao, Mo., who, is was thought, had met with foul play, has written from NVyoming that he will locate there. His young wife and children are at La Plata, Mo. The Filipinos, according to a dispatch from Manila to Madrid, refuse to liberate the Spanish prisoners on the demand of the Americans, claiming that such action might be construed as an act of submission. Acting upon Gen. Joe Wheeler’s suggestion to American educational institutions, the University of Tennessee has announced it will educate two Cubans, who may be recommended by the proper authorities.