Western Statesman, Volume 4, Number 4, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 5 April 1833 — Page 2

. ;,r 'it :ev;i--. - r n.tt ... ... Beginning with the original error,

r ci cvu?eo.,j 1 1 li.c s;'.vi '.'? .r $ee'.. va .i.'iltr r.f V-o, . r. re.or?e. Tile current of ioctrilil

tit opiuUtm sweeus him a Jar.?, he knows not that the restitution of thfi ImtH State? is thither. To begin xvi:h r.aiiiaciition, with ""thins: hut compact between sovereign the avowed intent, nevertheless, not to pro- .ct:tes ; :iertme, ii tl,e ,uxt -Ur, thnt each ceeii to eaoMi.in,.!iiurmbt-r.-i.pnt, an,t general Ue !a :t riiht to bo it. own so!.- jn,U;e -I revolution, is as if on were l, take tl.e rliinc the extent ' ts own obluMt i-.n.s ami conf Xsaj.arA, and cry out that he wouhl stop qn-i'tW of tl.e constitutionality of law ot half way don-.l. In th one case, as in the nt:res; an,I, in the next, that it niay oppose other, the rasli a.'.venturer mnst So to the hot- whatever it re? lit to.leriare niicmeuitiitmria!. torn of the dark abyss b low, were it not that 'bat it ,!eei,les for itself on the mode unci that abyss has no discovered botto-.n. measure of re,!res, the nrCnnint arriv, lit Niiiiif.cation, if iiircff fill, atre-ts the row- once nt the ronrliision that what a State diser of the iaw, absolves citizens from their duty, s.-tit from, it ma nullify: what it opooses, it subverts the foundation both of i rotection and may oppose by force; what it decides for itself, ebedience, dispenses with oaths and obiiga- it may execute by its own power ; and that, tion of allegiance, and elevates ar.other an- in hort, it is, itself, supr.-nie over the le-isla-thority to tipre.ne command , Is not this revo- tion of ("oticre". and Meneme over the decisliltioti? And it raises to supreme command ions of the national in, iicatnre ; sii;n-me over f.mr mid twenty distinct powers, each profess- the constitution of the count ly, sti-irenie over inj to be under a General tloveminent, and 'he u irenie law of the land. However it seek" yet each setting its laws at defiance at pl.a- to protect its, If aain't the plain inferences, lire. Is not tl.i anarchy, as we!! as revolution) by avin; that T.M unconstitutional law is no Sir, the constitution of the United States was law. and that it only opposes s, h laws si are received S R whole, ar, I for the whole country . unconstitutional, yet this doe not, in the i t it cannot stand altogether, it cannot stand slightest decree, vary the result , since it insists in parts; and if the law rantiot be rx:--Ce. on l-cidini this question for itself, anil, in o-..-every whrre, they cannot lonir be execute,! posit ion to reason and arcmuent, in oooosit ion mi v where. The eentleman very well !. nows to practice ami experience, in opposition to that Ri! duties and im ort m.-t be nntorm the judgement of others, having- an ,qiial ri-lit throughout the country . He knows that we to in l-e, it as only. "-Mich i my eni'iion. cannot have ope r.:'.e or one law for South and my oMiiion shall be my law, and I will Carolina, and another for other States. He support it by my own strong hand. I denounce must see, therefore, fed does sec, every man the law; I declare it unconstitutional; that is that the only alternative is a repeal of enough , it shall not be execute I. M n in arms l! e law, throughout the whole Union, or their :re ready to resi-t its exi ention. An attempt N.-etinn in Carolina as well : elsewhere, to enforce it shall coyer the land with blood .

And thi repeal i d-manilcd because a single Elsewhere, it may he binding; but here, it is Suie irteroc.'es h. r v !, and threatens resis. tram-ded under foot." tmicel Mhe result of the tentleman's o; in-I This, ir, is -radical nnllifir-.atit n

in, .r rather the very text ol hi ilocl riae, is, that no act of Congress can bind all the Slates, the constitutionality of which is not admitted

jc.iUu i league; mi.t n.to tins ,c.i;ue it w., ,te- HTliO a j J -. u- r o. C .

ciareo, mat the Mates. s states, severally .,.. t ,.; a.l.. ...... . , , ,

entered. Whe was not similar language used n r i " ' . - -t 1 ... ,. .... , . l.ciore, hovrovcr, tins nrcssitf w.-t in the constitution, if a snn:uir intention had ' . . existed? Why was it not said, -tle States. mon;lr:itei. I vras r-Such )lv P!r2 - hy

.titer into this nw league,1 "the Slates form tllO VjOVernnr Ol iS-nlth ( iro'uia, o:i li'o this pew confederation,"' or "the States agree 5lh FeliruafV. )f the itrriVil of : c in

to thii new cernp:ict . Or, wny was it tiot -aid, in the langu age ot the geiitl,'iiian"s res..lution, that the people of the several States

acceded to this cmimact in 'heir sovere.V,. ca- adopted I'.V I -AC Vjiener.il .i--vn H? O.

pacitii What reason is thers for sunptninir that State, repect(ul!v soliciMi"? "t i!is that the framers of the constitution rejected State, a Sll5")iin-io;i or pli of t'i'i p V 1 1 res si toe; u nnniiil i a 1 1 t o 1 lie t r n vi' II duili i i ri ,t . - r t . ... i

' f ' 1 ........ , nr, in-oirn ot her rn:ivii h.'Vi tin : t'o

tnici iri'T o i t!p- p.trt of the; Virginia, In.'ariii rot! lin r

adopted v.y iac Orentr.il

:stai

. t ..,: i (:i.;:it ipit 1o ..!!'.. ' J l - p is- v. itinMit votir a:ii-

At: l you v. iii p"rm:t nr: i-m-srk. tvh:;ih'?r lh.; .6 -isi-Ta-itr ho deems. -i satifactoii '.Tpir'i r- tn ii t r vo'i to

and adopted others wholly at war with that

mean it: g

afljoiirnment of the next cs-i.--t of ('o-i-

m i i

A.r:.in. sic t!,n rnntlilnfinn vr,,-.l-c f 1 iH'Pf! ro )l II . I O! IS V(TL' aCCOI.l

.hat political svMem which is esiahl'.sii- P:pd hv "pphcatioti on the part ol ih.v, -.1 S'je povsrnmmt of (he United .Va.'.-5.' i ,hr on1,,'m Ui 5n ll,'t coinmission lhat,hnv 5it not il.dn.r UmaiTP vird.o.eo t.A I , ,,. ! this CoHVeitio'l shouil he O'lVOiiC 1 at! V

ejaaoc lo call a h'aii,' or a conip ict !, j

Hveeii sovereign powers a government?

i-;om

l.irt ipr t:i : m-nt of :.; rv r mo', ' '

th.t. ia tii.i'.i;T ' c r-.i-uto' r'-. :ccrni in f.ti f'.-:o!: - fr..i. i'.' -'. ;.:"-'at ro:t-

sc rvativ: pnncip west: i i.av,

p. v t t.-,;v,!ia ! inLr of the Pi't

"'(.vfi,.i which nt.iv i i ai! f'J-'tri

maim ind the frail v ni3 ohroU-K e ct

w!:o receive the nrofectio: of c-ur

' '5 S ! V ! : . . .

o; v. 2

line,

son ret;

an eatlv moment. I .

from which tins mediation m in itvl.

The governmctit of a state is that or-Jtllf? ndly l.po-i!io!.s l.y wmc h it was ranir.afion in whirli the m.liti.-.-.l nowr-r I ohvionsly dictated, home too and advo-

- . i i .

in w:l! !io;v t ! r't!t fc-r to a rn lit '' w'ne'i i ?tlf. Tie- di- '-uhe.i

V, ! O'.VC to ! r arc

cited hv

a er

nil.

man

resides, it is the ouliiical iieitrr. orra

ted l) the eonstitirion or futtdamtttifal ' advanta-reon-ly known as

law. The broad and clear diffovnee I mG?t ahl'1 :; , v,1,e(1 fhampions of

low' an.

am an;:

':'-.)n,;u 'i-. d-.ihii t

iv Ii.ivin heeti th:

M;;oi,!ra!.' ,d i 'ii-H' at", wuen th.

first a.etnh!

s'nncr

t now i'"!"i nChief Con

vent ion

. i ,

let'.vei'ti a rovrrnment and

a learrue.

of the ri ghts of (h- States. 1 'ft t:

IIV

rT!!;or, in other words, that no sinclo State ; i hound, against its owv diss, 'i t, by a law o! iin:'CT) . Thi. is en cisely the evil i xri rienc. d j uedei the old confederation, and for remedy i

j And now, sir, against all these theories and opinions, I niainlain 1. That the constitution of the T'oitcrl ' States i not a league, confederacy, or coni- : eaef, between the people of the several States , in their sovereign capacities; hut a Govern

ment orooer, founded on the adoption of the

or compact, is, that a govern. nent is a j body politic; it has a will of its own;j and it possesses powers and ficnliies to ( xrciitt; its own purposes. Every corn-i pact looks to some power to enforce its i

supinations, .even in a compact neI ween sovereign comtrmnities. there al-

whal I was (piite sure own decision.no othera

ir.vn inclinations had hec than a eompliance with the

commonwealt

ways exists this ultimate reference to a

power to ensure its execution ; although, j in jiuh case, this power is hut t:ie!

lorce of one party against the fore

another that is to say, the power of war. Ihit a government executes its de

cisions hy its own supreme authority.

that tlisi'ms'iishod

communicated hv

fative. As I was, however, satisfied that no decision oa

osit ions ol wiiicti he was

not oer

Hils (!i;t p -t.

would he t our ! mviii" a vro:'

T.'iative (if mv ' !'s!ied a' id ve.hrr'io prec

1 waniin!.-) just honr'i;e (o .-u peri or personal wishes ifh, ,,) more iminetit eu-ilillfaf i ns

i i,.aii in .if

vidu il tio-v on this ! fell th it 1 am ?. i ; r d-'ference to an c

a i " : o no .fe, le a t.

one

nee of t .as

er worinv reprt-

of ih;ch ti.i coi sCtation was ado. t, d . The i i-o le, and creating direct relations between ; Jis e 0f f,,rcn in compelling obedience lading o-?.vt in establishing this Covo-,,,,,,,!.; itself and individual j (o i(s Gwu e nac! m"t, is not war. It mi .b;e.-t forcd on th" conetrv by the e.ondi- 'J- That no Mate authority has the power , . tion of the times, ,! the a-el,;.e necessity di.-olve th.se relations: that nothing can Contemplates 110 opposing party, havof ti e i:.w. t o-,"v t,. r.M...-r..c ..r '., ! dissolve them but revoHtiui : and that, co-ise-1 i " IT a ritiht of resistance. It rests on

nt, that

of tl.e law. was to .rive to Cm.. -r..s m er t.. I dissolve them but revobitin : and that, eonse- o'g a ritiiu Of iCMSia.ne. 11 rests on

lay a:id co'teet imeosts u ii'"K? tut ron.i'ir nf re ut'y. there an tie no such thing as srees-j its own power to enforce its own will; particular Siatrt. '' he re ." hoc. y ,h ht re- . "ion witliont rev..lntion . j alHJ when it cases to poesthis power .named noaid ; tlio natoaed tr s-:ry ,, as j . That tie re is a -. re.ne law, consisting : . . longer a govommeilt. l.-.l- .1 - . . . . . j I:. n I n rniut. I i.l.mi ..f In. i..!m hit.E nelc O

I'dMitiij i ; i. iec,oMi:rwas':,"suuii',oirieo;,;;,"',v ....- C'oncreM issued its r, ajn-sitions on the States, ; of Congress passed ; , nrsuance of it, and trea-j - ,r n,:'iU f-.t .,ai...l ik...... ,l,..,.. ...,.,! ties: and that, in eas.-s not cai idde ofassnm-l li ajipe.irs to tr.C, ir. i IC

po er o: coercion, rctwar; t ongress could j n'2 me character ol a sail in law or fqimy, ; n. 'i.u.i-..a aiuiuuni i.ii. i j.n.MiMinvm

t ongress must pnige ol, and laiallv interpret, of IlliS tjOVCI'liment presents tile most

law, so o'ten as it has occasion : ,t a, J nhilosoohieal view of its fonn-

to pass aicts of legislation, and, in cacs cava- J. . r . . ., , .. , , ,i dation. the people of the several .hie of I'.ssniiiing, the character ol a suit, the ,

S.i remefourtoi'the United States is the final . V'aUs h:Ul t,,eir sePr,ratc lJ(v Viiitcrvreter. .ernmr.ts; and between the States i. That an atteumt by a Stale to abrogate, 'there also existed a confederation.

n l..on rnnent wte.rh shoiiit Itaye power, ol i """" 'i ,;r nuiu iv an aci m v oot in, m l" ; i ths CondiliOtl Of tlilll,rS tllC pCOit"!f. ti lav t':;t:es :.! I tav. s rent to c iv thelri'st its opt ration within her limits on the i i , .. , i ,. r , i. ia " ' inl lo ' I ii- pi.? were not satistied. as the ennfeuerarnhlie d. I t, and i n.vid fr the E, n. ral w-d-I srennd that, in her opinion, such law is nn- . . fnre: and to lay th.e deties nod t;,vsi.. conMi..ti.,al, is a direct nsnrpation on the tHillliad been found not to ful.ll US I lithe States, without a-king tl.e concent ol lh. i.in-t powers ol th Ceucral Coyernment, and tended ohjeefs. It Was proposetl.there-Stat-Govrinmrnts Thi w;.s th.e very ow r i on the equal rights of other State, a plain fore, to erect a new, common, Govern

or, which the new constitution was to ,ie; erd ! violation of u.e constitution, and a proceed- ,..,. whirli -should IM'l' pertain

revolutionary ill it cha-raUir ,i,,;..;. ..c ......u , .. i . i ji.

pr-i

t:ie p -ople hp.;r;-T

conl 1 he nude prior to (lie ad jo urnm -ed re , i.., i ..'

nj i ,o v i ill ;i e, i ue jHii'iu in ,on

h h ti cr lut? been arranged to meet both these con'inge ncies. You have thus assembled, gentleman, and the proposed meditatioii of "ir;;inia is met concurrent! v hy t!)e pa-a' of an act hv the Congress of t!r .Juite.i

tes, modifying tne tan

that i' r

re eii '

cicnonriieat er fVo-. i

mv cot :

hitr.M when h.n ven"ter the-

snonti nt'cc i t'Ow

the Commissioa-

i;a

ni.

the

lie

i-. ;

i"s of th:s S(atoo res i 2 a this sea!.

deel iraiion, oerm; t

n ma'; i-vr '

i super ad 1 to il.mv imfigned ac-

j hnowl-vlLcemeids for your par t kindness ! and coufi len"e. nail t.iv f- rv.'if p raver. ! that the Cod of all nvrcv and truth niav

I so or 1 that

r and gov -rn our proceedings,

soy m iv ro lO'm 1 to ill'

ir.erl v.

States, modifyiae: the tariff of I ttu of nctire an i haooiuHss oi out Country.

not lay im ost, or other taxes. Iy its own authority ; the whole Iclicrnl ( '. overn uieiit , therefere, was little mori than a name. The articles of coofedi re.tion, ac to pureoes of revenue unii finance, cre nearly a dead letter. The Country sought to escape i'rom this condition, at once feeble and disgrace'iil, hv constituting

far ail its ability to do good; and, without it it can be no Government, now or nt any time

Yet, sir, it is precisely against this power, so

violation of ti,

, , - J . definite powers, such as regard e ;ind leinhoiei I 7

Whether the constitution U a compact be-: p-snerity of the people of all the States ;

thKilntelv indispensable to the very b -ing of i lee States in ( iieir sovereign capacities, i and to be formed Upon the general modt ... i I & C . . f , - , - . I !1 ..IllKlii.ll ll'ilirll inlKt tin h.rlitllv :.r.i,lf.) fr..!.. . . I . . C A ....... ' ...... -f.f-.l' I . '. ,

y ,eiin ,. t inns l 11:5 it: (1 (o, an instrument

The liova rum. nt, that South ( ar dma directs her ordinance. She attacks the (ov rnnient ill its authority to raise revenue, th yerv n.liii spring of the whole system; ami if she ucce.ed, ( v-' v movement of that y-t, m must

a ipiesiion wmcn must lie mainiy argueu uo.n ot AP.K'l'U

wha' is contained ill the instrument it fl ( . We all agree that it is an instrument which h.is bee;!, in some v.av, clothed with power. Uc all admit that it speaks with authority. The

propos

iiievitth'y case. It is of no avail tl.at she l!rt t)nestion tiien is, what tloes jt say o' itseli J declares that she does not resist th- law as a ! '1;,t (ll1(-s it pur; ort to be? Does it style revcrtie law, hut a? n law for prot;-.-tiee mana-! itself a league, conf. deracy, or compact bet'.icliir.'J. It is a reven.ie law; it is the very ween oveieign States? It is t be rememlnw ty force of which the revenue is collected'; j hired, sir, that the constitution began to speak if it r arr.ste.l in any State, the rovenne ; ""b" ;i:;cI' U adoption. L'ntil it .was ratified by rcasf in t' at Stale; it i, in a word, the soh ! Hate, it was but a proposal, the mere

reiiance o; t" e (vi rniu. nt f-r the means o' nisi?!t;..i:o.ug iisrif ;;.d i er ! ,e. m in g i s liuties.

Mr. President the all.-.el right of n St;

.t.

draught of an instrnaient. It was like a deed, d awn, but not executed. The convention had 1i.ui.eil it, sent it to Congress then setting

.. . . . . .. .1.. ........ ..... . . i. ..... -

dec lit-- cont!t ntiona I ipj: -tiops t..r i, -rself, m. ui.n r mc coin cue; a won, i-oej;iess iiansC( ssNrily lea, Is to force, because other St a t os i mi 1 1 d it to the State Legislatures, and by

to :

n.d h

eeanse ' 1 1; r

J these last it was laid before conventions of tin

was presented to the people of the several States for their consideration. They approved it, and agreed to adopt if, as a constitution. Tiiev executed that agreement, thoy adopted the constit'.iiion, as a constitution, and henceforth it must stand as a constitution until it tdiall he altogether destroyed. Xo'.v, sir, is not this the truth of the whole matter? and ii notall that we have heard ,f compttct between sovereign Slates, (he mere effect of a theoretical and artitieial mo le of reaaninLr noon

Julv 1 if, an 1 hv an act entitled -hia act more effect u ally to provide for the execution of the Revenue. Law?."' Ia brintrintl both these ! iws fo vour view, and invoking your matur': eoesi !- eration of (heir provisions and objects, it would not become me lo m tk ; anv suerpstions as to the course it behoves you to pursue in reference fo these measures. If the first is not in all respeels satisfactory, as coming up fo that measure of justice, to which the souih had a fiircl iim, and is liable to some important objections, it. nevertheless provides for the commencement of an eatlv, though gradual amelioration o! that system, against which we have so

General

a i

rn!!!on aero:'

.... of Presj

d ;".!

ef the

-I'.

t onvpntrou. and to - l-.ce!lency

H ivr.e, Covernor of the Stale was elected in his stead. On this first day of its sitting, the Convention r.f course did v.o more t';n:i to organize its df for busings. Two or three d ivs hnce we will publish an extra paper giving its proceeding).

SOUTH CAROLINA.

Thr

h Carolina convention reassem

bled a t Cofu :n!iia on the 1 It'n inst. Ex-Governor I f iini lton. President of the convention

deliyr-red a short address, jn which he, in ap-pro-iriata terms hri al y recapituia tfld the misI ci..i-. r.-n-Ti ir.!-i.-i O.;. rt rvl i n -1 f i rM nf la

long complained, and for an e.lierior Varifl", and the new Revenue collection bill, recognition of the constijutional prin-1 I- then r -signed the chair of th- convention.

ciples upon which our rights pre assumed to rest. In forming your estimation, however, of whatever may be i t

intrinsic value, you will not be insensible fo the fart, that it is a cornpro nise of extreme, vexatious and conflicting interests made in ihe spirit e,f peace, as an offering to the concord and tranquility of our common country. In

such a spirit our representatives in C

on-

must have t'.:e same ri

eit Stair? will d. ride dill"- r.-ntiv; and when; neople m ttie several States. All tins while these questions arise l.etw en States, if there " u:, inoperative oaorr. It had receive d no he no so-er:or oow. r, th. v r ia he decid-d on- j ol" authority, no sanction, it spoke no !y by the law of force. On eel , ring into the j larigua ge. Hut when ratified by the people in C'nion. the i-eoole of each State i:ie no a i 'heir respective conyenlious, then it had a

part of th.-- on ..lower to make la ws for ; voice, ami spuke authentically. Every word eignf V, or SOVertign power, has been Ihvn, S. lve, in consideration that, as o eom- il iKl'' ''' received th sanction of the ex'eriSively.dissCUSed by gentlemen Oil ... . i :n i . . i - .- i .. . i ...... . . v "

Cion or.jects, tl.ey snouiil uavf apart III ma It- !"M:" 'or w i n, ano was m oc icecivcu as u.u ex- jljjj.

in laws tor ether states. in other words, the ! l'"vsion oi in n win. -.... 1.. ..f 11 ,. ... I - c,. i . . i .m... .i... ... r :...ii .1

j.., .. ....... . . i - ... 1 1 - .-OlO .lirni III rf.j U hilt IOC COU-. I I II I I, 111 SIOlll-Cll, IllCrC- . j f r i. . . titca common t.ovrnment, to he conducted . fore, is as conclusive as what it say; on any t0d; . ,'Ul.1 CO!lk'fs mysei. not entirely t common c..-1-.ci's. Pennsviv rnia, for -' other point, the s it cail its.dt a "compact ! ?at islied wi ih argp.nieii ts a nd illusl rations

em le, siehled lie- right of laving imposts in Certainly not

er own ports, ia rnidrra tion th.a t the new once, an,

'joyernment, in which 'he was to have a snare, states hal! enter into no compact. Does it should poss, ss the power of laving im .nss ;M ' C:ill ite: a league, a confederacy, a s,,sjsi j,;g all the Stati j. If South Car.. lina now refuses ' treaty between the States.' Certainly not. to e.hm:t to this power. !: breaks the Condi- There is not a pari icle of s:ch language in all

its. pages. Cut it declars itself a cons titi.t! jx. Vii it is a conrtilutiin ? Certainly not a league.

compact, or confederacy, bat a fundamental (u; sovlM cjrrn 7l,'. 'Chat fll lid '.1 tiil. t ! I r.u.tl I :l f iotl i.l.il. .In. I e

' -' .v ., . ... ...J . . .. 1

nv.ucs, exemptions, prerogatives, and

on which other .Via'es .altered into the

tlOTI

L'tiioa. She ; artak - ot the common councils nod th'T'-tn :isit to l.iml oli.i rs, ,hi!e s;,,. r 'a,f ,i V. b oit; I her-!:". Ii niah- nodif--T' I ce in the case wh -thershe does nil this wit'i oot re:...n ot pretext, or wlo tic r she sets

Xi ;v es a r a,tn that, in hei in !

Comol no

the suhj.-ei 'a made of reasoning wliich disregards plain facts, for the sake of hypothesis ? Mr. President, the nature of sover-

occasion, as it generally is, when

(lie origin of our government is de-ha

lt uses the word compact but drawn from that ton.c. i 'ho. sDvereuru-

that is when it declares that the v r.f ( -ereni'-nl is an idea helnn'rino-

to the other side of the Atlantic. No such thing is known in North America. Our governments are all limited. In Europe, sovereignly is of feudal origin.

and imports no more than the state of

It comprises his rights,

termines the manner in which the pnldic au

thority is to be exeout,

no-iit, the nets co is;,'i;(i'oi of a sintc.

comol no- ,, of are n;i.-ootit inonal. In the which concern the hod y its If, and the very he- (.rPj or, and t hey erect what o"OVeni.a',!;,";,:;:tr;t"r0V:,;,,;S,,i;V :irr""1 " " iui "f th e, s;rH,ici,, s,,0,?r'.v' ;,r,,"r"' ,,f V?- menls thev please, and confer on them

.!ov f.r l.rc.n.'ori. if it i.e ,.,. -v, rc,.e,i:.n i,, ...i, ;.a. r....... .,.,.!..., . sue n powers as luev please. IN one ol

i d net admit. It is not to be t he (uixs'ituti n of a stale' these are t he. tunda-i thcSO governments are sovereign, i U the tiiHt one si:,t,. v ,;' violate her dnt v mentals. Th.s. sj.- U the laiuna,e of t he I l"hi r, eea n semo nf word. :i 1 1 l)iinr ros-

by written constitutions. It

i usi won i a puniie wruers. lint do we neeo to he tularin- (r-iiiieo

nr.ori i, man- c t, in tte.s country, what a cn.istitntinn is? Is

explain the relations existing between the Genet al Government and the several State Governments, according fo those ideas of sovereignty, which prevail under systems essentially different from our own. To be continued next rerk:

or soih. whica t X - ct-

i.ocii op,e i lausil, e . r ! i.

he tan .:.'.. .f. . ..... ,.r t

... . iri"ii,in I. i I . ill Id'., eoilllirv. WIOII :i 'liiiii'iiji .c c 1 c . . . n . .

kind. Cat if .. !. :. .... ... ..ia.-:, i;..:.. i ... . ;., . . . . .... . ' seems to me, tlierelore, tll.'lt weotifv

..I:o!;h'Ii,. ,.. I !fcn an opinion v.ell scttlcl ? We are at no loss to understand' P'ph't Olliselvps when we attempt to

Weich i,e '-ivs.- e t,B forme I. how can other what is ,eant hv Ihe c.oiititi:li,.n of one of SHtu besitifed w th thi? U-.w ean they t he St a 1 is ; and I ihe const , t i,l ion of t he I'ni ted allow lo r to be jndg:. ,,f h-r own obligation.? States s,-ak-. of itself as being an instniment Or, if she may judge ol lor oh'ig a I ions, v of I he a me nature, It says, this ronititutionl Ihey nol judge of Ih.-ir rights :,b? May not s,a! h. the law of the land, anv thing in any the twenty tt.r. e enteitam an o: anion a w. I! constitution to the contrary iiotwith'e Ihf twf nty-f.rirth And, if it h- th-ir nghl, Handing. And it speaks of itself, too, in ,,ain in their own o-inien, as ex ri-ssed iii Ihe coin- eon trad i.t met ion fro-n a confederation ; for it mon c i'Imc!, to cn'ore II, 'aw against h, r, says that all deht contracted, and all engagehow is she to avtlial lo r ril t and hero-, m- ments entered into hy the Tutted States, ,a1l ii"s are to he every tl,,.,,, at,d their right and be a valid under ihm conitil.itinn as under the th-ir o inirms nothing? eottftdrratinn. I. does not say, ,, valid under Mr. President, if we are to r-"e ive the con- this roMpnrf, or this ieague, or this cmileileratitution as the t Xt, and then to la v down, in 'ion, ie muli-r tie- former eorifederai ti n, but Its margin, he contradictory toueiient a'ie as valid end, r this mus!.'liti-n. which have hsen, am! which m iy be, made hy This, then, sjr, is declared to be n canstitadif r. nt Slat's, the wholeoagewonl ! he a tion. A constitution is the fundamental law

f,vi..t indeed. It would h k with as uio"' t in guej a t lie builders ot I! oil. .nil in di-i-IfOts is isurh C'.n'n - !. and n-iitiaUt as imititrliigi'.iV. The v rv i-i: im--' now '. r- u-rn-ei,', i i--ir',ii;.il r-i-'r-.toio. '''h '- ' the l.et sessiut; is d !.ir.l u ' .-. I e - ,1 i i roatti 1'aroima, smi o- .:, ,. to it j-; reins,d. In other St, it is ndmitted to be strictly

ol I

-I :

... I

and this is x- rely dm lared to io la w. 1 1 is ;.s if the p-o;d-' I, id rib tl.i fu-i i i ii oi-il law,1' or fl'l." f o- the, do tl. .1 .h...-

'' ' i'ie e ni tiluli oi, ami lha it 'h ill he Oi mi rcme I.nv. They say that thev orrtnin anil nltililit'i it. Now, sir, what is the common application of these words? We do not soeak

c on. ii iiiioi. ,i. ion w i'K over Ihe huot ol ot nri'ai Htn leagues and comoacts. If (his its authority, th. rrfore, when yon , a s-,.,((1 j,,t, IM!,.. . ., compact or leano. and laic O-i on-si !.-, i is (aw . 'i the ota. r ide, the St ales I . he parties to it, why was it not It tin lit y ; a id v . I it i a --.( , .i ctiimoti o to! ? Vhv i- there loiind no o .. ex res-ion iovrri.po ii, hayir.,; lilt sjais authority in ail in the who!.; instrument indicating such 10t!a !?$: itent "J'ha old confederation was expreslv

gross voter! for it, and in such a spirit nvit we consider it, whatever tnav be our final decision on the measure. This adjuslmont, however, taeaos to u-, at least with this componsafioe for th )u'ice which if yet withholds that .-ill that has beer? beneficially accoeinbslvd

hv it for the country, is to be attributed to the action of this Convention, and the energy, decision. and love of liberty, of (hat people, hy whom our proceedings have bom sustained. We may surely say litis without an unworthy vaunting, when the most able of our opponents, has borne testimony to th..: (ruth of tins fact. It is greatly to he regretted, with a single view to the harmony and repose of the country, that this rv'.ju-! aienl should be accompanied by the other

measure to whioi I i.ave invited your attention. If we could regard the aci, which provides by its title, "for a more effectual execution of the revenue laws," but which, in fact, provides for the coercion of a sovereign State in tlii-s Union, as an empty defi mce got up as a m re salvo for the wotiadcd p. ri b, or to grati fy a worse passion of the Ex cu!i ve we, might permit it sib-nlly to puss by, with that reprobation wiib which, not posterity alone, but nt an early monvuif, a contemporary age, will visit it, standing importantly, as it will staiH, a d tad letter on our Statute Rook; but as a mere precedent engrafted in our laws ,it is of the most serious and portentous import, furnishing as it does, the mol unequivocal evidence, that as far as the authority of law extends (in dependent I v. thanks he to Cod, of the spirit of a free

people) by a single act of legi-1 ition, the character of our govermn .nt i

! changed, and a military tle-p-d i-mi pla- ! ced at the disposal of ' the I'ivt cutive, I when he sh;ill determine in iii n-n

when organized, (Jen. Hamilton, ihe j discretion, that a fit exigency has. arisen President, addressed them as follows: j fori(s exercise. The broad iis;irnafi.-ti

and (Governor H ivne w is elect?.! to preside :u hi stead. This i-the a ;n rjut of the first day's pror-'eilinrrs. J'ltrrk I jJ'. J. C. Colcock from a select conimitlee of 01 made a report on the late Tariff at pass..,! by Congress, accomprm nd by the fullowin ordinance: Virginia Times. Whereas, the Congress of the United States hv an aet recently pass-d. has made such a reduoiion :v. inodiJication of the duties upon foreign imports as amount subsfanMally to an ultirnte reduction nf the duties fo the. revenue sfandar 1 ; end tr.at no higher duties shall be laid than may be nece-sary to defray th-' economical expenditures by (he Goverenienf

? tit

r:f,rr

, is what tonus the; powers, but, with us, alt power i.i'hose primary rules with (he people. Thev. alone, are sov-

(Fiom t'te Columbia T lesmpe of S-Tarrh 13.) SOI 1 H CAItOI.INA CtVi:TI(). T!ie Convention mt yesterday, and

Cr.ii;inrri and declared.

That the O-dinanre entiled "An Ordinance to Nullify certain Acts laying duties on Ihe importation of foreign comm vditie51 and nil acts passed in pursuance thereof, be henceforth deemed and held to have i:o force or effect ; provided thai the act entitled "An act further ta alter and amend the m'.litia laws of tins State."- p.:ised on the 20th day of December, ' shall remain iu

shall be repealed er

ol ymi in hi'ing compelled to I 'ave your ly wilhin thejr

1 tomes at a si-a-ou so eeula!i to Ihf : ;t tl.e c ;J rv. ,. SU' cess of the agi icullnrnl I.e. ,rs of (he stance l!a; m 0:,.-,.i( whole year. It mu-t. ho'vever, have own N'afe, and ex . u !ie,n manifest to ou fr-oo t'ie tvitureof of their own Courts i'

Hi" proceedings of ibis body al i!s for-'jeri are placed a! tin

C.ornm l tee.

fii! f .r.-e until it

module I hy the 1 .eg'edaf are. On motion of Col. Wilion, these were ordered t: be printed, and made the day for-lo-niorrow. Col. V. ilson, afier a few explanatory rem irks introduced the foUuwing resolution, to wit. R"i:ri!vt -7, Tiiat a committee be appointed to waif on our Senators and Representatives 1 itdy in Congress and now in Hie town of Columbia, to give us genuine information relative to the late proceedings of the Federal Gov eram "nt towards Re.ith Carolina, in consequence of the Ordinance of Nullification, passed by the people of this State, in Co -lvenfioo, in November 1 island that the committee rep art what arrangements may he ma le as to the manner and time of giving the information desired. On motion of Judge Colcock, the resolution was ordered to lie on the table. Afier a bor' interval, Col. Wilson moved to t ike it up for immediate consi I'T it ion. (Urn "ral Tlimilton moved lo postpone if until to-morrow. After some slight debate the vote was

taken on the question of postponement.

C.r.Vrt.i;Mi;N 111 e0rcbing the HW-jm this law of the laVht oa Ihe nart nf! :.e.d m.-ytinn f ,;lod-.r,. f.fl r..-..-

er of calling you together, which you ! Congress lo coerce, a sovereign Slate in j (id. were pleas,-,! to place in my hands at j ibis Union, when this power was sol- The res alulim was fhen adopterl.-.ed your adjournment, I have both regretted emnly withheld by the Convention that j Col. Wilson, Gen. Hamilton, and Cun and heeu setiMnle ol the inconvenience j farmed the Constitution, the utter anni-! eellor Jolmson, were appointed the

mi v ww ii j www Miujt-.i ici u,wy niiiuion oi our luslicinrv in c;;os clf.iri . .I..'. ' . ..... '

exepjsive inn

t'Si'

mere oi i;

then introduced tb& vis to wit: ven tion of tho peo-, . - ealled,to place. C-: r dina upon its i i ..i j ,i .

a i ( o as ( e to iaa uo

mcr meeting that iU reassembling f-i standing orces of the Union, all concur t.uch acUaV may, in the opiu.cn of this

Ii 1 .es- , fo; V i J.