Western Statesman, Volume 4, Number 2, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 22 March 1833 — Page 1

11 lip rl $s ? fa$H fey feJ J I. S. 1IAJ015, Editor. VOLUME IV. Our Country, our Country's Law?, and our Law's Supremacy, C.F. CXAISKSCKY, Priietcr A; Publisher. I'AWUIl&HBUftlCtfff, FRIDAY, MAMCM 22, 1880. DUMBER 2,

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Ax:.l,is:t:i - -h.oo Di'n.v: i: or tiii: taiin tsTi.lX II or 1U. Al VMS, Oi ls 1 III HOI SI III I! MM. I :-l AT ATI V I.?, II.;:. I, 1 s.'t.'l 11 4 . . . . 1 . i i i i mi. .v n m- ;uii n.ni lit' na.i some d.i - -n.ei givi 11 notice of his iii lci iiiiii.ili.il,. :nli r the friends l"tl'-lill c bad a u o? j oi I uinly of rendering il a- pi i loot as II, e could, to '.nov e t t si i iUe on l thr t.n.u t i 1 1 l; clause ; ho v ould nun f'li'iil lii - llll'l io-i', ;liil v (1U Id , tliat the oitaoiiiu hiu f the hill now helure the eoiiiiiotn e l ftie k. u out. He would oih-r a few words the Iliol ion. The merits of tl as its .li im rit, hail lu cn m-i fully Hiul he would not repeat what hail n r:;m.-l, lie. II so well said iy niln r-. It was hi- opinion that E ither tiiia lull, nor : ether at all ren-inblin? it, should pa - at Ihcpii -i iil n'inu ol eoiigie.". Thoie niiMiiii' idea w hi h In hnd not heard sn-p i'?li d h any gentleman, and w hich Was a. ilcci-ie n a-on v ith inni w hy the hill ought not 1 o become a law. The hill would not, au it seemed to In-calculated lv many, reduce the iiinouiit ol the n cni.e, hut, on the contrary, greatly inorca-e it. 'I'o reduce the revenue was the prof, s-ei! object of t! ,, ;i I 1 lie rca-olis lor pasMiig it nad lieen asi-iied. first by the preMih ;it in hi-! nie-sage to congress, then by the secretary of tl.o treasury in his report, ami l i-tlv by the oiumitti:e of ways ami means. Hut the president himself had lecouiiuciided the inea-uro conditionally only: il it should tie found upon examination that the existing piolectiou on certain commodities inanulacteicd in the country w as excessive, that is tl at it was greater than the good of the cuuntry re;ni:ed, that then a bill should be passed to reduce it. Had such an inquiry boon instituted.- It hail not. Xu enquiry had taken place, and the house w as consequently in possession of no evidence to showthat the present pioieclion was excessive. If the hou-e then should pas- this bill, which went so materially to e licet reat and widespread interests in the country, without rny prcvious enquiry, it would not be follow in-; the reeomiiieiidati'jn of the president, but the contrary. .Mr. A. did not say tint if such an enquiry should be made, and it should then appear that the pi ot et ion was too urcat, that he should oppose a bill to reduce il : but the investigation was ;u, imlispeusible preliminary, and the I. let inu-t lir-t be established. 'then: was another reason why iIr. A. houhl vote against, the bill. 1'rum a certain quarter ol the union eouuress had a most solium d ehi rat ion, made in the name ol one ol the states of the union, and addressed to ail the other states, that the j,rolc lic svslem tdioul ! no longer be earned n(, ciieet within! .1 ....... . .. .1 I , . . ! I inai suue. in no- aiinii ss 110111 me convention of Smith Carolina to the people ,," the t went y-t hie'' other slates of this union, communicated by the president, with hi- rcei-ul in. --age to congress, are the following passages, The co.i en! ion, speaking in the name of the people of South Carolina say "Wchavo therefore deliberately and unalterably r.-olved, that we will no longer sub'mit to a system ol oppie-sion which reduces 'us to the degrading condition of tributary 'vassals ; and w hich w ould reduce our po-tcri-My in a lew generations, to a state of poverty 'and w i. t, hediies-, that w ould st and in mi lan'oholy eoiitra.-t with the beautiful and deli-ht-'inl :e;. i 'ii in which the 'ro i.lcnee of Cod 4haea-t our de-tinic . Ilain.g IoikmiI this resolnlioii, w it Ii a lull - iew of all its b annus, 1 1 ..... i , i . . i ii aim an us pi eoame aim po--ii,ie i--a '.'.lie to the "gravity ol the siiboel ami the soMe mn it y of l he oeea' ion, t ha t w e sin uiiilil siieaii. 'to our coule derate liielhreii in I lain bm- '. uage ol frank ;;e-s and liulh. Tiimigh w 11 the .-.institution, a ud Ihe; 1 ant mn -eh iiutil.le prim -ii i' s 01 nsiiee and u.ter.-t to' opr rate i . In ic!y thnii-l: lhcciil lubiiHaU; ..1 1 . - . .. '.ind.uil Inn. Iii.iiiu;, - ul the state; etwel -!. 7 Ibrow off i! We b. Il. e o pic--ioii at in i.i Intzarit. t 11 mcdy t a be cs-eiil iaii IicIicm- the fe.leral go eminent 'pcaceliil. 'h;is 1. 0 : .hadow of I i.dit 'against a -tale of the ir au I Inn it v. t o act coiil'edcrac in an 'loi m, much ' 'er. Hut we - I'o C, H i 1 , 1 1 lille awaie ot tin nul) I a ry po v, -iii. r-ities (, 'human o-umot:. and J,ae seen too many ' 'proofs of the infatuation of human power, not 'to have h.oU. d with tl.e mo-t anxious concern i 'to the po -1: . lit y nfa 11 sort to iiiiii!;:l er 'naval I. , n e on IVe part 01 the fed.-rai gm. rn'meiit and in on!, r to ol. iali tin 'ol having the hi t. ry of this coii o--ih,lit -t stained , u o lm e 'by a single drop ol tratemal blood, '-olcmidy and ii:.cia! ! le-o!e,i. that w e will regarJ -a, I, a i.-mt as a di -nlu 1 ion of 'the poi 1 1 n ;i I 1 11 - w hn ii con me t us it 1, our 'confederate st -.i.-.s ; and will, to! tl.. ill,, pro-' 'vide for the 01 'ganiativni of a new and senu-, 'rate gov. 1 nment ." And again, ami in another passage, ihe con-1 volition still mo.c pointedly say "Wc will not, we cannot, we dare not sub-; mit to this degradation, and oer it solve is 'fixed and unalterable, that a i:r,Uili,i.r larlll, Shall be in. longer enforced within the limits' . . ... .. o. utniarouna. U c stand upon the p.,, - VinllC 1,1 1 leila.-limr in.I.en ...... I .... 1

.oaise?skbo:al.

'j.ower shall drive u-V.om,,ur'po-i. i,,n."' ! hen ,ng w hi, h the innkeeper reli.sed'to open ! y'iVC ()" lil;lt lloor l,,var,, ol twenty .Now, with, respect to the poao.efnl natiiro o."! ,!o"r' "'''"in.: he had not r..om l..r one; members who represented what in this remedy, be nc v. r hoard it spoken of, but 1 '';'' 01 'ho-,, people. ;ot!u r states had no representation at it reminded him f the hi -t adv mure of (hi j Jid tin-e woriN, "we the people,'" a. Mr. A. believed that it was not Ul.i. (ol IV.a-hadlHen lurnisbed by nisnncie ijioan iinlhiiig? li.!tliose v ho isMied 1 ( 1 uv( d a vs since he had heard it dewitl, a ,,rrv mnle, and thirl v or loi t y iiistol.s . j ..,(,....,,.,..( 1 ; ,1 i' ,f,i, , ,,' ,1 c r, -,.,. lorih t, s,., 1- 1 ;-(;,. , ,1 ,,1 :t- 111 lh" !;,c; ' he ( lared by a gentleman from (.eorgia, arm sent lortn to -si 11, lui i,,rl nue in the woi Id. ',,,,,, 1 1 7 v... ,1 . 1 . , . . - He sat out aecmdiuglv. bm had nt proceed- ; "OI"IJ U ',s U' '"' " M,rh a "vinA 111 (Mr. Clayton.) that the species of popuod far froin hoi,,-, when, ;,s ,e was setting !, i 'Ais,,'"C(.'- '''! were indeed so, then lutjon he now alluded to constituted his b, a-t conii'lug his pi toh s wo!, much si,t-i idea ; Mr. A. had ever enter-i (hp "machinery of the South." Now

isfaotioi' into her head, am hat, 11 e. ui.. suddenly r.n . iiehcd up l,er eats. ( ; . i liedled round :i lid 1 ere i veil tu s. i- the ( au::o of In r alarm, an old hat upon the ground in ' the middle ol I a.- road with a rosary of veiy la rge beads in it. This wasll.o object whn h 1, id ctart hi bis inn!,-. At thc wone time he In 'an! a voice ad, lit ---tug lit 11, in a very pathetic totu " iootl tr,iM 1 i er ! in the name of the nu rciful Cod, and of all the saints, do drop a fox r pieces of si! ( r ii t , the hat." I.ookiug in tin ! din r th ai I lo III whnh the-e sounds proceeded, he saw, lo his great dismay, the muzzle of a Llundi ibus- projecting through Ihe hedge, am il poinl ing directly at his head. At he moved, this threatening m y,z(- moyed a!,,, still diri icted at his head. On looking moreclos. lv inti the hedge, bo perceived that it was stip ror ted on two cross -ticks, f,,i aimed by hgU le having tl.C air of an old soldier. i- .. .... .. :- ,.r .1,-.,,- .

jl!las,ot..,c1. pleased with the looks of this ! z:: ' i t i.c sid,- of his ,,., rod', oif with all tl,e sji.-t-d ho c.i.ihi iVom this piartahh solicitor of. aim'. This nro-cnlod to Mr. A.'s mind one '

I I. is nrr-enlrd ta .Mr. A. s niwnt one ... tl.. luot ,.,.riV.:t .n.hhMiu of the jiacibc rem- . ..v t tiullilioatioii In; h.nl over f.-cti. i Hut if it wik iinlood truo, that inillificatioii : ,. ... I. . I :r.. 1. ll. I. ...I I' Illl.tltl.il l!-( n.uiiiu iniiiu.. .in. -i. mm tins ooiiolation. that tli execution of the laws ""i" ;i'so h paeilic operation, and u onl con- j j initio to ne snen, o long a

in support of.it was paeilic: so long as nullification was pabill, its well eilic, the rc-i'staiiee to nullilica lion would

prove to be paeilic. too, and so there could be no danger that force would he u-ed at all. This was one reason why Mr. A. should vote ngaiu-t the hi! i.eiiucmen sunpo-in m.iui ' I I.I ..... .1 111..

.-.. . ,c p, -s, ,oe,e uu.u o o-,..- , .u,(1 j,,.,. t1c -slal) I isli men t of tl'.ena:it ol bloodshed; but there could not bo the . . i , .n . ! Uast danger of this, provided tle-,: who u- ! llo,ial '"dependence, were still to conj dopte.l the principles of tmlliiicatiou acted tintiu so. 'L hat was the reason why the I according to their professions and ptomi-es. votes of tile people Were taken ill Sepj It was not the ir purpose to resmt to force; and arate niasses, and not in one. It was

j as mere wouh; teen tie no need ot lorce to ex- ! ecu to tin ,, w s, Lite, u w on hi lie no 101 cc- i u " lie - . i . l.ii...... . : .. , i. .. ., .... .... i ,,ll,l : matter, and, ol course, no bloodshed. It w ;is : snnnosed t ha t t his v. r v near.a hie and fiiendlvl

question might be settled without the inter- metlt to COIlgn ss, and asked them to ention of force. Mr. A. wished it might : j submit it to the state legislatur OS ; but but he. considered it of s, h a nature that the (ljd hc ,(;Ue leprlaturCS act Upon it? qiie-aion ought to lie settled It ought to be ' r , , , i, 1 , , known whether there were, any measures by Al,d wh.v? LcCaSR tllCy COl,K1 which a state could defeat the laws of the j ii ever use the language, "ivc the pcounion. Tor if there were, and the laws might pic."1 They were not t!lC parties to it; be set aside at pleasure, we must seek for some ' (,(,v COuld hot n'lVC it tlieir Sanction:

other form of government to live under leefion ' t there i Now! With respect to the doctrine of protect South Carolina expreslv declared tha -houhl no longer be a protecting tariff it was Mr. A's linn belief that protection to j iignr, am, l ucres was tne rignL o, u,e rill'i'P. Illil 1 ho i iitr Af tho ,vr'i.nntinli ti.f . . V. ' , i' ; Wiis government instituted tor ? lor protec- : tion." He repeated the ocsition-that protec-! tion was the right of the citizen and the duty i and obligation of the government. It was on ! the partofgovennneni,!, correpomling duty to tnat la.leg,acc on the par o thee,.,-: ens ; and il governmi ul should wholly neglect . it, the bond, between it and the iiizon was desolvi :e pnncip.le w in fact. nut ted by the nuililicrs thciiiselvc-, in the address they had published to the eitiens of South Carolina, in which they called upon the citizens to support nullification by their allegiance, as au admitted duty. It was very true that that paper denied to the Cnited States government tlie right to claim any allegiance : it denied that any a I legianee was due to the mttd Mates by anybody. Hut that, he be.leved, was not the opinion ol a minority ol the committee: he was confident that hey believed the constitution ,vas made bv "u the people of the I niied States.'" By "way ol parallel, Mr. A . had placed these two docu - :.l.- , -1 .1 .., 1 ..1. ...... mcnls side by side, ami looked alternately- at i both. The first iiistruuient began with these

iiotu. 1 ne in st nisi, iiiiu-iiL ncgan w on mee: 1 . r 1 t word,-" Wo the people of the Cnited States." i C,i , was found .1, prac- i Now;, he would ask gentlemen whether these 'e wholly inclh. .en , , and that ! words conveyed to their mind any idea, oriltwotlld l)C impossible loi' HlO people, .ii, i-i , ; ,,- r .. i ,- 1 -l not? lie was sp. aUmg to men of intelligence1 of this UthOn to llVC happily or peace-, to men of feelin-. What impression tl,o.. i 11 1 it . .1 . . ' ' 1 , , . inirri '" tnose 1 aniv U-Kbr it, that they went to worn 1

words conveyed to other minds, it was not for him to say ; but for himself, he could say that nothing short of divine inspiration conveyed to his mind an i lea more sublime. I low were the words ucd.! 'i hev were the lirst, thooiicn- ! ing words 01 the constitutioii- : (lie speaking patties li-vse 1 they designated al lies it w as w ho : ''''' larcd that "in order to form a more per- . !..-.. .... .... ...... LIT 1, -. -.- .... 1 i " ' 1 1 ,-si,i,,,isu us, 'i;!-, ensure domestic : 1 i'a nquilily , provide far the common defence, promote tin ener;il welfare, and secure the hh ssiugs of liberty to ourselves and our 1 os- .. 1. ...... .1 .ii..,- .-. " '".M oni.nii .na. , siaiuisa mis constitu l,,r 'he I niled Stati s of America." 1 1 e r t lure had oeea ;oi a ssem 1 w lio-e aspect impro the 11:1 111 : id.as oi grandeur and of mora! sublimity, it ' was these men, u-:i,g this language. 1 I!, .1 .., .1.; . 1 .1 . . 1 uv- i'.ijiei ue 1 1 1 1 1 piaccd me ! ether; and how i!id comnance '.' i "T. thepeoi le of Massachusetts, Virginia Xew-Voik, P.-nii-y lvaida, oilh Carolina, Mary laud, Connecticut, Vermont, Xew Haiii-i--hire. Maine, .New .hr.-iy, (.eorjia, Delaware, Khoile 1-laiul, Kentucky, T linesjoo, Ohio, I,oui-i:iiia. In, liana. Mi.-sissipoi, Illinois, Alabama, and -Mis-oari: "We the people o! Sp,;!l, Carolina, assembled in convent ion."" e. Mr. A. eompar. d the two and how did they s,,,nd ,, (;,,. second he found, indeed, the same idea as in the fiis. '(,, people ol I lies. iweiliv- our SI a I t - s wolo I lie l.rv s-ini. ; epic a-those M !.,, spoke i ,, t he con-i i i u t ion ; but where was n,,. grandeur, the moral ublocity, that nil, ,1 the mind w h, n we 1 cad the ! r. olds, "w e t he people of the I nited Slates " ... ,,, ,,, , '. . ' : lo ins unnil,it e.iis .gone. Indeed, when he I. id oxer this long list ,, names, all designatnig one people, it r.-minded hi f ihe Span- - ish Hidalgo who knocked at the door of an inn : ... tf..l.-.,if-. ...!...... ... 1...1..-11 .1, ;,t ;l late hour and on a very dark night, and ...1-...I 1: ,. . ... .. . . .. ii.'ii, i.iii, I'll e , 1 r 1 ,(-,. 1 II, 1 ; - - " ' !" " " e-am.-t wen.y , 1 1 tl IlH c till Ol i 1 1 1 ! 1 h t . 1 t t't : I i . t Inn, ),n 11 I lie I n r a si. eil 1 1 1 1 ,e ;.w. . ft d: tamed mu-t undergo an entire revolu ... ', , ; ,,,, ir.l,,. ....l .. i ,,,'n. i. ..I,; niiiin i en :ni inm-r .11 all, Ihey (let lured explicitly that that constitution was tlie work of the peo - I'hjjtlie Lii'ited States. 'ho would oenvtt: ao coin i Ciiy i . :m, not ive thr lie lo lhat most majestic ,,-

porate bod,; and denv that 'it had anv1 ,.,, machinery? "lie believed their an savages, he believed il woul I be ,.'' '"1 and foe, lo be tin: : triumph ol b. it g. " J 1(oms ail(1 (aciories had no v-olc, in con-! difiic.ll to prove to the hou.-e the ne-j nullification. The state of Soulh CarMr. hud heard iu i ... .i. i.:..r,. nfn.- -.-.iiv f,-.. ..-,,.. I. ibino :i standing olina had said that the tariff law was

- " ' 'i i ! i t i 1 1 i 1 1 ( a conlederiicv ol slahs:aiid stir h was Ihe idea put forth in the South Carolina address. It did not address the people! of the United Slates it recognized no! such people. TJie constitution, urmr. ! - j '"CO people ' constitution, urrnr a ding (olhat doclritie, was the work Gil' l,0t of the neoide. bllt of (I, n.- .,......:.. ' "J ii o -. . . -

It was said that the act was the act ofst, that that very representation- of "j? f. l!mt lhis ;i unio!y,h;ic,-;Upoken lmJ evcr bce" f iUlic' lhls w.a 111 one scnsc j in lacl, the ruling power of this governIt was an union ol the people, and also j inent. Was this not protection? Was an Union of the state?. The Convention I it not protection :it !,,. ovtw.nifi if r..i

an UIlloil Ol IUC StaiO. I 110 COMVeiHlOIi ! 0f S7 was the result ol an act of the; r,.r..c...l..i;-c r.fiiin. Ui i . tun. - Liiuii. oni tneir nanus, Lie c iii-uiu.in. in. ; noiimi": u nau no mine mice 01 aiue : I than a blank indenture, not sealed, it!

H e n si-tance tofmiht ;1S vc;i be maintained that the '

attorney who drew an indenture was j millions of money iium the free labour-' owners of this machinery, and to deone of th:- parties to it, because hej j,,g population of this country, and put : fend the settlers on our western fnmdrew it. It was true that the States! ; l!,.- iui kels of the owners r,f" tier. In what had it bom, rw r.imr,! ,1,..

were also parties to it; because they : i l a i l; a v.avs been separate communities. ! . . "... - . ' more convenient, but it was not the i . r , . r ... MillUSt . , llj l U lUltl. I" llic: CC'll.-lllU l"lv- o tlOll. 1 he Convention SCht the HlStrU-t!iC-v Jld not l)lctcildto :ict uPon il: j l!lLv c,,cd conventions of the people to decide on the single question, and j t'he people adopted the constitution i commencmg With 1I1C WOI'tlS, "We the i . t 11 .1 n . 1 1 , people. ' it hiul iieen the act ot the ' '. . . . , .1 people, collected in seperatc communiucs, nut lorming one people;, whose j 1 - . ..1 .. .:

sanction alone slave to the constitution j ppe -j ran counter to all tlie tenor of an i(s power. Y-vcn had the states, as!lo,;Uioi; in t-c 'free 'stated it was ( llnanimouslv ratified it. it would i,,,..,-,. to au thc llotions a,,d feeling , , , , . ,. ... ;(0!llI..I) to .ill lllL uuiiiins a.iu laini have been a dead letter, until tnepeo-:of t!)C pCOple of thc north, to deliver a

pie acted on it. In fact it was in this : verv

UMIH, mat llie unieieiice lay nc-'l(1

iwecn thl? instrumeni ania me couiec . 1 . 1 . -- L I J . . 1- , - ? 1 cralion. Thc nuililicrs would have them to do one and the same. The conlcdcration had been created Dv the ; stale lc'dslaturcs and bv confess. They I . .. . 1. ... .1

; wcnt oil the principle lhat this Was HOtj j c ex(clling still further pi , R yOV,.nimellt, but a confederacy. ..ne in,v,t h rll:l , " r . 11 .1 1 to the same lllLettsi. lla.11. 1 l!CIC fol'C. ' 1 WaS llV mulc 1,CcverV state ill the Ulliona.C

. staic legislature?- ana ancrwarus h.V COW gl'eSS. The peopde U.nl Ill'VCr act-i ! cd upon it at all Ihey had had no part i I . . - . . 1 .1-1.1 lllIU 11U 11,11 L : , . 1 u it was because 1 I or lot in making it; an they another way. Here, however, Mr. A. said that he was wandering from the subject before i'ie committee. Tlie position he had assumed was, that the government was bound to protect the great interests, all tlie great interests of thc citizens. "Wherever any great interests existed in the com cm- ,,,, ,",(,- (, li.e iirnteolinn of 10 V . . iiw iii mint r mi ne evie m 1 . . t. 1 . . . 1 .- .-

, ,lf : i, m u 1 "in oe t xicmieu is oiiu 1- , .... 1 1 1 . 1 uo of men 1 p. t. , ,t 'the power ol the union bad been cxerI with the ent lorms lo d .Herein, interests It wa . .' , ra Ar(, nu..

: true that the interests of one portion of; 1 (li riiri.numilv cnnlil nl'leli be 1 1 rot or-t ' ' ' i !C ;tcd only nt the expense id some other portion ol it. it was the complaint ol i the nnilifiers that the government took!

money out of toe pockets ol one pot-; UiisiVerv time, on ihe eve of, very generous as to give away all the lion ol the union to put it into tl.e pock-; , (.a,-lld into pxecution. lie had I P"1'1' asked, would reefs ol another. And, in extending pro-i j ioll in savill r (hat jf South ,mn ov the -rncrai government to do? tection. .his must a ways more or less ; ,. ; not n hu vcrv mnment I Nothing. There would be nothing for

heiheca-c. lint men. while lim rights

0 one pailv were protected 111 this! " .... ... 1 r - 1. ' ' ., , i was at a verv little distance Irom it. It w in . he rights ot the other party were 1 . . . . , .. , . - - . 1 ,-r ; deserved serious considerations, w liethpro eclcd, eona Iv, but in a inherent , .. r., , - 1 ' 1 ; er the onhnanee ol the nttlhliers had wtiv. !,i 1 c ...11. 1: :.i.,.i it?,.

lie would illustrate this position, 1 11 the southern and the sou th-western .,01 1 ions o f I his union, there existed a 1 . . . 1 1 1 1 c ;,11 iideret which he need not , . . . , ... ,h,ir pal th tllai'ly deShgltate, wlllCll Cllj o ed under the constitution, and the laws of the Imited States, tin especial . i. .. ... 111u1rttii.il uctuii,., iu iist.ii. 11 . .is ........ I ... .. 1 --. It - .. ; ,)(r(.(td ,,y irjrcilctntion. There . I . .. - ' (hat machinery had twenty-odd reprc.1 . . - ... .. t ....... in-.t no ! t-. . ,.t-.... 1 -. 1 1 i , le. t e,l not bv ihe machii.erv. hut bv j hse who owned it. Was there any : such representations in any other porti,- cf of I ,,- union. lint fb mantif n l u ri, s nsk for miv representation i . n ( ; i n I I 1 I U " !im uui' ii ' Lilt; cti'i ..ti 'had more (ban twenty representatives on that floor. And if he should go buck lo (he history of this government, from ils foundalion.it would be easy to t,,ovn tl,:,t its; tlecisions bad been ell'ec- - 1 prove that its decisions bad been ell'ecite.li,, o-eneral bv maioriti's less (ban , ii T n xr.... Km;,rlit',rf...l,- 1 v. ... j .t - r- C. ..! ... n

it nor nmfrrimn :it he PYiwn;n nf :m-

other portion of the community? If it 1:1 .. it. .....n.. i... .. ... .r.i not iiteiaiiy taue money out 01 uie pocucls oi some, and put it into the ,-. .... - l)0; eS ut Uiers, still it oiierateJ in 1 nrceiselv the same win. I'e:-. Verv nrotection bad taken millions and . '. . I southern mac.mnery. Air. A. did not .. I ..ti,; Jle did not say that - UIII.M.lli. it w as not all riht. What he said, ! was, that tlie south possessed a great j protected interest au interest prolec- i ted hy lhat instrument (Mr. A. held I tlie constitution in ins uanui. ire was i rnr mlhr-arino- fn the bar-rain, because if : f s- ' -! was a bari;ainr. ,ot that he would I agree to u, a me oargam was now 10 ne : made over again. J . , .. . 1 This interest was farther protected by another provision of that same instrument.

. - - t ti. it quence ot any law or regulation there-! in? 1C discharged from such service or j Dut -iaii ije delivered un on I (.aim of the parh ty to w hom such servj or labor maV he due. 1 vWh it was thi but nrolec'ion to the M llili nils wus uui pnin.v-.iuu iu 111c 1 0-vliers 0f the machinery of the south. I a 1 i.-i t be observed that a provision I - - - m - 1 (o allv forci?t- authority unless K-,--,, -rniliv nl -inn.o rr me. An. 111, 11.1a '- 5 ""J V1 ' v - " -i-... hut for such a clause 111 the compact, a ltheru gentleman who had lost some, SOI article of his machinery, could never re(.ovcr im b:u k from tiie free states, Tin --imiln,, rontoinrnl .-mother X ItVj v-Vtls-llli-lVfi - viroteclion publican ! government. 'The United States shall guarantee . .. (o every state in this union a republir " r . 1 . ,, ...... C...... ,-Ai,niin,i,,r n, cli-ilt e,ni iniui ui -;,v c 1 n... , -uuu q( iivasi appli(.alion of the IcgUlatu re, or , 1 ' - , , -1 1 1 . of lie executive, (when tne legislature , ,V ,y - , cannot be COllVCIiea), agai list UomCSllC . . ,, no violence. 1 This, to he sure, was a general pro- ! visions operating alike on every portion of the union. But every body knew, - that where this sort of machinery exist- , ed. the state was more liable to dom ;slie violence than they were elsewhere, ; because that machinery sometimes exi ei ted a selfnioving power. Such a 'power had been exerted. Tlie call for; 1, . ... 1 , ,.- ,.. 1.- .. ; - , ...... t ...f I -A,. mil verv recently neeii 1 it had been answered: and inaile aui

"iNo person neici to service or laoourj "inn was me gr?una 01 au tne cornin one state under the laws thereof, j plaints? While the people of Massapsiranin" into another, sluill. in conse- i thusetts were soendinr their monov t-

-. .4 .... v.. s- . - - - WOil'll say one worn more on mis guar - crubllcan f rm of gorenment. . " ' nice 01 aii question in his mind is a sei loua ... 1 . ... t h .t f il,,. cnn-diiiiiim- ; . ,;,:,,, 11)01 placed oonui v.nunna oinooti. inc verge ol rovernmenls. W ion he endeavored to reflect upon whal the proceedings of South Caroli na had beivn, and akeu lumpen whether the power now operating there could truly he described as a republican government, he felt him-elf unable to answer the question, lie. should not further enlarge on this point at preasant. But it was a serious question, and it deserved serious consideration. Such was the protection extended by Ihe constitution to a particular interest in this union. But that same interest was farther prolcctcdby the laws of the United Stales. It wiis protected by thc existence of a standing army. If the stales of this union were all free republican stales, and none of them possessed any 'of the machinery of which he had spo ken, and if another portion of tlie union were not evt.osod lo another danger.' of; from Iheir vicinity to the tribes of Indi f v v 'i7 " ' J i - n army. H hat in lad was me occup iri . . t . i I .... t ion of ihe annv ? It had been protec ting this very same inlemst. It bad been doiti"M ever since the army ex - (ed. Of what use to the district ol Plymouth which he there represented, In.'wlhnUn.wlinrt nrmv nf IKp United ' W,II in c nil, irmv n MlO I n 1 IPfl

erv ioniiust domestic violence. Mr. A. j i0UUi commerce ana navigation co:i- ' 1 ? 1 .. . ,1 I tinue f o eniov nrof ( ction. w hen it u-,;

State? Of not one dollar's ue, a"d - ,,,,vi,r 1,;ul bc- IlewolJThe army was not of one dollar's vale to the whole manufacturing interest. -.Tli.. iio,..,,.- ,..,.i f..

, noimw M.nnfr.M.I nni.,,.!.,,...were, and ever had been, mo-t orderly ; . .. - . ami exeinjuarv m tlieir ooeuiencc to the laws. iSoarmv was necessarv to . . " k'C! them in or, r. mvl ir TTniteil

i'iii-'Slates ,. nt tin an annv of six thousand

men. What fo do? ' To nrotr-rf t!. . . . ' i'iii" the last summer? In protecting' the factorise ? No. In suppressing an Indian war. The army existed only for the protection of the south, and of the west. Of what value was it to those manufacturers or agricultuisls, at whon me notice tias iroino to suiice nv tn:bill. There was not. one nm -no- il,,. ... s? poorest shepherds who tended th-r il ..I M I V . , . . . nocus on rir -A s native nins, that tui not. pay his quota towards the support ol this army. Has not this takinir money outol the pockets of one, to put it into the pockets of another? Yet ... I ... x. j l i li .i support the south and the west, what show of right had gentlemaa from the south he would do the members from the west tlie justice to admit that thev said no such thing, but what right had the representation from the south to come on that iloor, and tell them ;we will not submit to pay one simrle cent lo A. W U protect you. But there was another great interest protected under the constitution. He referred to the interest of commerce and navigation. The country had a navy, which was now costing it two or three millions of dollars a year. Of what value was this to the mauufacturier, or to the woolgrowerf it ihev should reason on the narrow and contracted principle, that their personal interest was the only interest in the com-

anteed tojnuinily for whieh they ought to care?

On such principles, the navy was nothmg.to tbem. it might achieve as many. as glorious victorious as ever had been wan by tlie walls ot the last anchored Isle: The manufacturer was not i cent the richer for them. But he was obliged to pay to support the navy, and to paysix or seven millions, including navy and army. When he heard gentlemen talk about reducing revenue to the wants of the government, he wanted them lirst to specify what were the wants of tlie government? Protection, it seemed, was not one of them. Well. If they must withdraw protection from the free white labor of the north, then it ought fo be withdrawn from thc machinery of south. Let them disband thei arrmv. : Tl ii wnn 1, 1 or, :i fa r :,s ft 111 r nrf, r.-.;!! ! " ...tVJ j hwat us reuut.ngtne revenue 10 the wants ol tlie government, the nei tep was to abolish the navy; for why . I 11 I . . . i - - j 1 - 7 1 " iiuurawii irom inc oincr interests ot ; ll,e C0,,,K,'J ; "ell. H hen tins had I oecn uotie, ana congress naa heen so it to do. 1 ne members might then withdraw protection from themselves by abolishing their pay, and there w ould be but one step more remaining, which would be to dissolve Ihe government. No government would be needed. Let it :o back to ils original elements. Let 1 f it go back to the stales. Let it o back to the confederation go back lo the people. This was the legitimate consequence of those arguments urged by gentlemen w ho would no longer submit to a system of protection. Mr. A. might say, that his constituents possessed as much right lo say to the people of Ihe south we will not submit to the projection of your interests as the people of (he south had (o address such language to them. There was another decided reason which operaled with him against passing any bill whatever, upon this subject, at this time. I be house could not pass any bill that would not, of necessity, confirm Ihe ordinance of South Carolina. No law upon this subject could-at this lime, be enacted by congress, but would be - j received ami understood by a. I parties, null and void; and that it should not be executed within her limits. And conj gress immediately replies, by declaring ! that that law should not be executed i any where. iir. a. numiuea tnai sucn a proceeding might, for a moment, re m , lt t. - it---i! IJ..4 I ITIO V K tllU Q UC&11U11 VI I1U1 Jl UV-rtllUll . UUV

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