Western Statesman, Volume 2, Number 48, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 10 February 1832 — Page 1

. 3

-THE CONSTITUTION WISDOM, JUSTICE, MODERATION." VOL. II. LAWRE3CEBURGH, 'INDIANA; FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1832, MO. 4

PRINT 1' O AND PUBLISHED BY MILTON UHECiii

oaxiia or high isn short s-rniKTs. TEHMS : 'wo dollars AN'D fifty CESTSftr year, pay ! il witlhntheyt-ar; but m:iy be iliscliarired bv the pv - ', .?ar tin.- Minmciuemint will beaiiowcd for advance pay- j "11" j .a it fit rwi ini t 1 ii c AUS in a.lva. 1 We muiitl.s i "y tlie postaje, or it will be added to their subscrip ..n. No paper wilt be ducontinued until all arreai-aej are ! .i-l (.mk-,Vat the optioa t the Kditor) ; and a failure : .. . v , , .iuwf uj iaic yo.t must - rotity a iicontiiiu:tiK-i' at tlie end of the time tub- I ""J3 'v'JVElt TISk'mfVts mserteJ at the 1 rates- ; b 1 KAt. I i I kO.M aUU.IIA 1 2s ES TAMFF ;

SPEECH, IX KEPLY TO MR. CLAY. j fired to enjoy, diverted from its proper chan- to be imposed, not for revenue, but protoc- "Now Sir, let us suppose another case, and "The next test by which the reotleman nro- nels' carr'ei1 OQ wit!l borrowed capital, and j tion, would be a double tax. Suppos. tho val- j it is unhappily the very ease which now exists prfts to trr this Fvstem is the rich fruitt ! tnrou" ftSellts sent among us , and maintain- j u. of the imported article to be ;i million of I in the United States. We will suppose an cxwVich it has scattered over the country " rJ tlle tari,i VlcJi bearing off their pro- j dollars, the duty would be half a million ; and : tensive country, of which one portion is excluSr where are thry to be fouid ' Is it in the fit' to niore favorei' lantlS eating out their sub- if the protection amounted to an equal sum, ' thcl: agricultural, nnd incapable of changing

Vlst? I appeal to the gentlemen from that '!1cc' aml leavin? loouro,'vn people, me mis-; iiere woulu De a tax a million of dollars imcuartcr. We have- heard"a treat deal of the c'ra,,lc crumb3 whidl fal1 fr0lu lhe t,lblc of their l,osed uPon the whole people, to secure a bouniloiiriiliinE condition of the manufacturing . rr-'nty. tly from the city to the , ty of half a million to one portion of tUom. tsMUument. elsewhere, but where ere the country, what do wo there behold ? I lelds , 15ut it is said, that the bounty is not eonfiued

' Vlst ? I appeal to the trcntlemen from that 1 luanufactiirinsr villaoos the ioint stock com-' p.aniei, tho splendid dividends, and other evi-I

rier.ee of prosperity to be found iu the West ? . V?" nwv rn...i.r, working uart.er ana oraceu wun.n me range i me mauuiaoturmg make tho equality stUl greater.it is only ne- lTa3 but the other dav that omeofor - 1 submit it to the candor of the gentlemen, ian,n5 woiw : the i,lanterL saving, with una- imluence, that partake of th. benefits of the j cessary to suppose that the agricultural sec- Fn(rlnnfl .i.' M : int ihf: whether the benefits of the protectiue- system va,llR efforts, to avert the ruin which is be-j system. Farmer?, in the neighborhood . who i tion is not only incapable of manufacturing -w iiiiaim tuuireii goi lumo inc.i so f;ir as the Weft is concerned do not still fore hinl Jt "n oftBn be' "'V lot, sir, to see ; supply the operatives with food mechanics, at home, but is prevented by insuperable ob- heads they Understood OUT institution ? rest in hone whether tho eyslora'would bo srs- tlic 0Ilce tnriTino rlanter reduced to despair, j who construct the buildings and machinery j staoles, from emigrating or removing their pro- I better than WO did ourselves and und'::tained a day, if it were not for its supposed ! curiii!? hi hartl flUe gntherius up the small clergymen, physicians, lawyers and other., ! perty to the manufacturing region; that j took to create applendid manufacturi."eonnoxion with Int-.al Immvubsnts- , re."':lins f. h broktn fortune ant., with hi. j u ho make up a manufacturing village, all j their industry can only be profitably employed j establishment ill the district renrrv--' whether it is not indebted for its popularity in 1 e "n 11 hl llU'9 0Getrarl,!S hini-eif fr tho i com 10 fur : share of the gains, nnd consti-j ia exchanging their agricultural productions, , , . , , , ' ". that niarter, to the urharmT. the fitul roar-i tcene 01 his cl)ildll0l1' and 1,10 bones of his I tute, in fact, the protected tlass, which enjoys for the very foreign artidts nhirh enter into I mJ OlStingUlShea and valu :J riae between the tirilv Vnd" i'nternnl imrr .v..-' a"ccstors, to seek, in the wilderness, that re- the benefits of the system, but all ether class- competition irith'thc djme.ilic manufacture, and j friend, (Mr. JMcDri-TIE.) It was ac-

ILOnt-a UtUOn 'Vrhic'l I Tft hope tO fee tlii- ' m:imiu:nj,wi nmt.ujwui invai jjvi-. i inv t-uiiiiuuiiujr, must, uuliU3Jj UTT Jttlil ; WHICH ilTU UCIlVll Y Vil-vCU 1 1 J I lllO )TO IfC WOU UI i tUIUlllH J U V 1L11L K p tT I U 1 1 V 1 1 , U . L l,V !U wived. It was a M.hand'd--n unlawful 'ic? h:" 4,ePriv'd '. j under contribution, to make that profitable, : the latter that the effect of such tax is not on- gone oa " but a short time, when or.e 0! marriage, and .urely "thoso whom God hath j "?t, hen we look at our fertile fields, and , which would otherwise bo an unprofitable . lygto interrupt the intercourse and impair th. j jh 6lavcs was lemnted to make f-l-

not ioined together, man may put asunder. ' coi!-ultr lt,e general cuniaic wun wnicn i-.0(i purinu; anu in mo case assumed, would De ; profits or thir industry, but that tne agricul- : , c;- -.i..':i.: has blessed the South when wo contemplates I taxed to the amount of ono million ei dollars. : ttiral section i therehv ex:;oed to tho immin- l,,e gOOQS, and, to prevent tie!

factories scattered here and there throughout the western country chicfiy confined, howe-! ver, to situations beyond the reseh of foreign competition, nna owing notr.ing to tlie pro tecting system. But the West has not been: rendered prosperous by these establishment., i I appeal confidently to their actaal condition ! at this time. With regard to the centleman'i I own St.ite I will ap-My a test that cannot de-1 J ceivous. When the policy of'2i was before i t'i)minii i',iintn.iv,.i ,.. rn,i 1, n ,1 i 1 been sent forth as the ' manifesto of the party i -It was printed ia pamphlets and laid on the : with cotton hairing and he strongly insisted j it rr'; 'o i o .. that s' e was U rn oil v r re vci ted from so do- '' in jf by tho ruinous conin' tition of the inconsi- j ("-ruble '"cotch tow-r'-'f Iirernrs and Dundee ! ''""Anifwh't isit Wr that -e hcnr'tiow af- ' tct too iap;e of eis.ht years ? The old story repeated. Kentucky still deprived of the benefits of the protecting system by those formidable rivals, Inverness nrid Dundee. They still constitute " the lion ia tho path'"' and foreign manufactures ever will be " a lion in the path" to these whose prosperity depends on the protecting system. We know that the rLanufactura of cotton buskins is a simple rtniiiriiiir Kn;i. n T, , ,".;u , ,..,;! ' and yet the rrcat Stele cf Kentucky cannot ret alor? with i in co-ie inence cf tho forC C 1 uiidable rivalship of two miserable Scotch r t. l .-.1 . T. rayinc a ireieht equal to tne urst ccst.ltis perfectly clear, therefore, that Kentucky ha. ! Lot realized the rromiseu bl.s.inee of the" protecting system ; and staiitir.lly true of th the wa:t has gained has had her sharo poses sr.e fiaJ paid hsr proj tho govrrnraent, and bounties to the manufa turera ; and, in consequence of the dire ca ities which tho system has inflicted on south blasting our commerce and withering , de iifved of 1-er lilt customer When the ol-' icy 'o!'! M went into operation the south was implied from the west., through a sin-le avc-! rue. (the Saluda Mountain Gap.) with live stock, horses, cattle, and hogs, to the amount of runsideiablT upwards of a million of dollars; a year

fortress, the Senator from K'eatucky stood ! lncre are 't'iCr causes besirles ttie tariU, which j Hundred per cent. iron from one hundred to j Tored region they cannot find a market tor forth as l'tachsmnion an d it w3 bit lot to at-! 1)av0 00"tri,jalcJ lo produce the evils which I j t w o hundred per cent. sugar from one hund-: their productions except by exchanging for temnt to answer his argument'. It'is true sir have depicted. Trade can, to some extent, j red to one hundred and fifty per cent .; and j the very foreign manufactures which are tn that his speech . tulj in the other I roVr ' ' bo c;rried on with greater facility at Xew that these duties were accordingly imposed ou j ed almost to prohibition, and the taxes thus

tables of ibe Senators und embodyinc the " uaronna, wane n impoireuju ran mcconmi manu-1 ana equal system u muj ne said, nowevor, views of thi tariff party, it was imnosiiblo for ! unrestr icteJ intercourse with foreign nations, j l'actured ia the country w-.s equal lo three j that all this is merely the resuit ofour peculiar rr.e to nassitover I well remember there- ' ;rmb,cu U3 to realize the most modern te prof-j certs a yard, ami amounted to :x millioas of ; condition, nnd the nature of our pursuits. It that on tlatoccas:ou the 'eeutlemaa ar-! lt3- lca do r,at Vl'A lR"'r acottstonied em- j dollar.' per annum. woollen to eight uiill-j is not so, sir. All wo ask, is to be i.ktai.one. ru'ed that Kentucky was' to partieinate in the h"'!oyUietitJ) the homes of their fathers fur j ions iron to one million and sugar a mill-' Leave us to the free enjoyments of thc bounties prote'etiu system by r:iisi'J lnr?e "tuantities ' Sili:s!1 addition to their profits, it is only I ion ai.d a half producing as the result of the i of heaven, and the advantages ofour situation, If fr-i 'ft-d ei-n-lvin- t! ! cmithprti 5TtPt w,,en restriction has reached a point which j whole system, a tax of nine millions on the j and we ask no more.

tovie thc iahabit ints of whiih are said to be ' ' ' reueweu "'" cci uccn iunuui,ituii:i hji, wy mr appuuuiiuu ui . ' . i 1, .u i.i! j . 'prosperity. Sir. after the experience of four ! estimated by any person who has undertaken : equal amou' ,t of labor and capital, produ

, iw;, r,.,i 1 . a t . V.. i vears, the tnrifl of ,-2S came up fol considera- j to examine the subject. Ii you suppose half a similar bale ot woollens, of precisely t

. I1..1 :i ,1. n.i.- c . . i.: v. 1 tion, l- which the protecting svstem was to ' ol the duty here stated to be necessary lor re- same tjunnty and value . In what respect

buuu... .,..v. ...v , 1 1 1 ., ..:, .i,:. n .,.1 .!:.. ik

I am told that this is sub-; -7 '""y. - -r v.., . : owner, and uie employment given to; What

e whole wes But, Sir .f , c aM(1 it wilf nillL0 no difference whate- "ligation, entitle us to less favour in j

T.u 3 u":, .' ' one man, and protested against any further ver in the principle. Whether it be one mill- tne eyes Ot tne government? Are tllC which

" n..n.u , .in- . . . ., . -r. . , .: 1 ;.. r .1.. ........ 1-1 U 1 iKl1, C.A

Itidftr thi rrpssurc of tlie sTtcm tm:r,LC,um,;ONCOruflim,! n,,ult!lls t v810"1

trade has boon regularly diminishing. It has' .. - j , country 01 .1 uomogeiuous ennracter, wun iuc ia biujjcu at tut; tusiwn huusi., uuu iui-i Hlrculy fallen off inore than one half,and from! lr so ,trong '7 revolts? It 11 the essential j t:lmu capacitjr for ,anMfacturing every where, ty pieces are taken out as a tax to the 1 an authentic return, now befor. me, it appears! Pr'"c'P!e the representative system, that a and that ,nnlll,filcturing establishment, should Koverument. whereby our stock is redllCthat it has been further diminished near cue : mut"a.1. Jl'athy ot feeling ana o( interest, . consequently be equally diffused through every .

. - ' ! iimuiiict irl-tirli nn nri r inpftnll nf Yrtlir rnl'Il. i J i U : l . a attrtnAl r (hn nif . v. It mm p .i 1-. ji IV. m.

nucgron himi lauuiaihi uoiinrs uurjijir ihu ' . . . . , . i

j rr .1. 1 .t.ii -l. 1 fhouJtl biml together the neopie and tntr ru- cani;n. TKh Vinifit nnrl K Kurthnni nf thn 1 v r W4

lilt r fncTMi iIaIIq urtnm

last year. So much for the rich blessings bo-i : ml 11 ,n;ly wor" J ; system would, in sucti a case, (all equally upstwed upon the west by th protecting svstem. l,on h,ov' far tbal Pr"'; H,le " essentially pre- OI1 everjr portion ol our country, though not "W. come now to tic -'otb If any pur- ,orved by a scheme of legislation, under which IIp0I1 tlltJ different interests ef the State. It has tion of the rich fruit of this system have been , the ffelll1fs and int"est of so large a portion been ,Hi(, that if thc profits of manufactures scattered there, thfj have not fallen under my ! of tbe "ntTS nro ouiraged and trampled on. , wcreJroisd by such a system.above the average observation. Sir, we know them not w. see ! Whe" tnxet are i,,lP,cd I,ot by, tbc rel'rRS0",a- j of the profits of the whole community, that the them not we feel them not. It may be sup- i l,Te of th"se who nre to hoT tbe burthe,,1, butj labor and capital absorbed in other pursuits Psm1, however, that we are too full of pTejll. "f those who ar. to receive the bounty. would (low into thc new employment; and dice, or too ungrateful, to acknowledge the , that thc wholo would ultimately be equalized, blrssinj.s it has bestowed upon us. Sir, wo' "I 'hall now proceed Mr. Prfeident, to ex- Admit that in process ef time, this might be have heard r.f men having honor thrust upon amine the character of the protecting system . the result ; yet it could not take place at once, them, and perhaps Ihtire may ba suoh a thing Anil here, I shall assume that the protection ! because men cannot transfer at pleasure their as having benefits thrust upon aa unwilling i it extends to the American manufactures is j labour and capital from their accustomed furpeopla, jet I should think that een ia such aj something sujfuntiai, anil affords some udvMi-; lujt tc others. Hut if the profits should be

Jt suvmuini uviiui j uuilUL a

caso they would soon become reconciled to1tgei bo it more or less, to the protected inter,

their lot, and submit to their fat. with a good grace. Brit, I assure thc gentlemen that th. eendition of the south is not merely one f unexampled depression, but of great and allpervading distress. In my own State, the unhappy change wbich has within a few years past t iken place in th. public prosperity, is of the most appalling character. If we look at

th. present condition of our cities, (and I will i "t affords substantial protection, ana is not tern is wholly applicable, it th. domestic take Charleston by way of example,) wa find j l'k. that extended to cotton a mere name, j mnniifactnrer ean make his goods as cheaply evcrv v hero th mournful cvidenco of prema- ; l or on this latter point, let it he remembered, ; nnd supply the domestic market on as fayorature'decflv. Sir. the crumbling memorials f that the first cotton produced iu this country ; Mo ttrms, as they could be obtained from

ur former wealth and happine.s,too cloqu.nt-, 1. .i- iKai i.Kt .mo rhaa-eiuTouri policy th. days of our prosperity ere num - hr,d J.

"Sir,itia within my own expenence,that, iu ; We had natite merchant, with large capital, , engaged in the foreign trade We had thirty; - et; nmr nCl..m kn;! ami nl! nun. i ed ill Charleston, and giving employment to a 1 numerous aud valuable body of mechanics and ' , . J' T J ' , .V i (rni ocmn l.rtrlr n t I in ttnf p nf thinpt muv ! ' , . Our merchants bankrupt or driven away their capital sunk or transferred to other pur- ... .. , .u: ll mj ;oiuj ui uacn up uui ui;i .... . tiem nnt a ew months ago brought to the ' hammer; our mechanics in dtfpairt tho ve- ; r' erass growing iu our strteti, ami houses ' falling into ruins; real estate reduced to on: ; third part of its value, and rents almost to nothing. The commerce, which we are still tuf- ; a"" lu UL" " " " reujjic, i imi- j ( - ,ii. .... I . 41.- : ' nouiuuiu mansions oi our , i 1 l. L- l 'l1'"",. ""V l. " ; T'"5i ou the raTe ft5lC,t? of our Tuition, as the produ- i " of ,an Hrti,c,le wbich "n;,-cr !,tera of j free trade, would command the markets of the world is it not enough to fill our hearts al mo6t to bursting to iitnl the richest blessing I !. . 1 ' . 1 1 . T 1 " 3 . i V'Jl l" ",uu .nl rre,'ut"le LT.tr fl0n "?on thc, lieails ot a"-v PeoPI?' toru froru 115 '.th. c.r,,el i'.ol,c? "f our ow.n S".iment, .1.- L f TT .1 I.! t It. uu"" 01 """" lllus oiasieu oy ln f ' ,v J 1 at ! -1. it ! " 1 C . 1 ul "-i coiiuii may uo rai.-uu more proni;i- . bIy in -vlat)aiua but tllete advantages would ; uc'' "p e commerce or uBpresseu i 1 t. .1 ii . :t . . i ' l"c"ul1 "!JO" 13 onc' wu,' cio-j g.iiiiM aie tmnir, tii;it tins renin i pro- ; - : i ti . -ii i. . i. l - - i "1,cei' ini' therefore it is, that a rapid trans-: 'er 0raPli1' H0,l population is now added to tlle olcr evils with which the old States are j m.iicieu. i "Iu thi j condition of the country ,"wliore is ; there to be found a fulfilment of the promises ' held out to the south in 1ST1? We were then : told that we hud mistaken the true character j of this system. We wero entreated only to ! try it for u short time. Wo were told that j tlie taxes imposed on foreign Articles would 1 be but temporary; that the manufactures ; wuuiu witiii proxeciion out ior a snoir. nine ; 1.1 lf -!... n'- 6'vc tnem n 5tart :ind t,iat they j would soon he able to stand alone. We were : to have had h double market for our cotton . l,u luitiirr r.irmieu uuu eiiiiti -reu. nu wnat . , , . . , s, ,vn! found ,0 b!Jvc b"n, he 'fuU l0,,r Jef" ,tn,h(P" fulfil-; ..,.,,. c;, t!cnicn fi"d iu this fact ome evidence of the llangcrou3 character of that l-pi'Intion on wbich tbis ,v,tem bn5C(1- c" il ba wie j ' and e,I1,orce a Pol'cT so essentially sectional in ,ls c"arlcrin we hope for harmony, 1 . J i. :! r.,. I' l

",ir,iiu ivuuiii my own experience, luai, iu ; the deroted city in which my lot has been j cait, a thriving foreign commerce was, within ! a few yaars past, carried on direct to Europe, i

: 1. : .1. : . 1 1 . .. ..l .. t 1 1, n,.-..f K .. 4 l. . i i. .1. - 1 : f

icrtion 01 unties to ' . . ' 1 J :J . . r 1 0 . . . ...

.. pxnrr n p i w 1 1 lit 11 svii'm. npir n p u ini' 11. u;i ! 1 di 1 kv pm in lira- 111 11 u i' 11 rimi Lilt: iiur iL'sn mvu lu iusli u-

c of the representatives of seven States, Virginia, j teclice 111 its character, and imposes any tax ments of production than the epindlc

lam-!' ul. j " " j ana trie loom: 1 errect eiiuaiuy, sir, .. : nbama, Mississippi, and Tennesot, (with I be-; tcctiou whatever to the domestic, is the sys-1 tj . . , .i,. . 'i,-n the.,. ,' 4 4. 1 1 ' .. .v . i ji. ..... ; .,i .. . l . I.,.. . would seem to require that wc should

csts. I shall take it for granted, that it ii in- j munity ; yet if the favored pursuit was only tended to enable the American manufactur j rendered profitable by the protection extenders to enter into that successful competition ed to it it is clear that the sobem. would rewith the foreign, which they could not do tult in an azzregate lost to the whole communiwithout such protection; that tho effect of j (y equal to thc full amount of the bounty, tho system is to enable the American manu- j 1 have assumed tht caso of an unprofitable

facturer to obtain more for ins goods man ! he could'otherwise comnmnd. In a wrrd, that I .. t .t . found a markrt abroad; an. tnar, even now, noarlr the whole of it is disposed of st. hu - 1 "P-t where it maintains a successful competij tiqn against all the world. It is idle, tber. -

fare, to talk of the benefit of a protecting i!ut j ;

lure, to iuib. 01 me uciieni 01 a protecting uuty j to cotton, at home. It if beyond all dispute, sir, that, if any duty bt necessary to protection, it can only be became it enables the ruanufacturer to sail bia goods for mor. than he could otherwise obtain for them.' Is ow, in ;

Diit;cnr nf lh mhlart let n ii hnr iK!..i.. J 1 n

question will stand. How must such a system i operate, first, on the different interest!, and j . , J V. . . ' (tryj W e will as.urae, that a particular man- ; ufacture cannot be produced in the country, ! .;.K, f, . . I. u.. il 11 - rQvnlt. on f hn ill Iterpni trton n f thft fniinmum. mij jtt vwi... am mcnpij timc, o abroad ; and that a duty which, with charges, should be equal to about fifty per cent, was ausoltitvlv necessary to introduce and so tut lam if Such a duty must operate as a tax on every other class in the commnnity, for the benefit of the manufacturer; and supposing it ! I . 11 I. r . it r J utro nuum ue a. isi a miwiuu oi oonurs im- ; . j . .i . .. . . . ! io me inanuiiicmrers mat oiner classes parti;cipai,. i uamu mas mere i a circio era- . to secure to th. favored class hlf " nji!liona bouatv ot Now suppose, sir, such a system as this to be extended to all the cottons, woollens, iron, and sugar, made In any country, and we will i take that country to be the Uuited States. J We will suppose further that cottons could I not be profitably manufactured without a pro-j . - 1 . . 1 f r . .1 1 1J i iccwug .iuijt ui uom tweuiy uva u a nuuureu i Pir cun woollens trom forty-lire to two j t 1 . " 1 . . ifierai uriicies, (amoun'.inr in sue , whole to the sum of nine millions of dollars ; """""iy u":ciiu'naB ()i uu-1 f : i : l - u r : .5- - uuu,. 1) . . .. .! . k 1 C .. 4 1, 1, ... .. . .. fr. niniiuuo u.iu a u.in m mc uuni iuuui,n.nut!. i have suppose ?)-orfio?i to bo the exclusive ' object of this system, and it then clearly fol-I low s that all other classes would be taxed ! iwi;iuy-uic immune ui uuuirs per uumiin, in order to secure to the favored class a protec- j tion ofsixtefii luiiiioiu. The Government I would, indeed, receive its nine millions ; but it i would be an aggravation of the evils of the j system, that this amount should bo levied j ic'ie it was not wanted, iu order to secure the ! protected classes iu their monopoly. The! rates of duties which I have here assumed, are , . Tl.. ; -....I u 1 muse nun tn-iuaiijr liiipuocu 0:1 ; nn jjroictitru articles ; (and which it is proposed to retain as , essential to protection,) nnd the an aunt of , the protection enioyed by the manufacturers tjuwo um nuiy nui uiuiiuiau um h-uik 11 ui .1 . . ,1, ... . hb,u.t(lVx tb"u6h ? onA ,CMon. to hat - tent the .njuniee ot th.U.x-and let gentle- : 1. ; ,i rr w iJ j factures. And when this tax amounts as it j unquestionably does in tho caso before us, ot i lh.ver lowest .e,imate-to twentJ o' thirty ' strous injustice and oppression. Now ,et u, tiace thi, iT(U one fnr. ' . . . . . mer. ouppoia phcIi a tytitm applied to j thus ultimately equalized in a particular comj pursuit being rendered proDtable ny th; proj tecting system for to any other case th. sys- .... . . ilDroal , t ,en it is clear lbt lie , .rotection ; whatever would be necessary. It may be that i th. v.ry infancy of a manufacture, on its 1 first introduetion int. a country, a small pr-

tection for a short time might hasten it. ad-1 for the existence in any country, of unera ploj'ed capital , and individual sagacity and would soon lead to the introduction of every branch of manufacture!, for which such couuuiuucui w uircuw ii yruurunj, try was really prepared. But this stage of infancy o ice passed, it is preposterous to talk of the Pecessity of protecting any article that can really be made as cheaplyjat homeas it can be obtained from abroad and to assert, that to reduce such protection to twenty or thirty per cent., would bo ruinous to any manufacture, it to admit at once that suoh article cannot bejprofitably made at home, and con sequently that it can only be sustained, at the expense of the other interests in the communiiy. . ., ... ... . i . ns pursuits, ana mat tne otuor portion emoraces witmn its limns, an toe manuiacmros ana manufacturing capacities of the whole coun1 ' try. The bounty would then be exclusively . .. ,.. enjoyed by one section, ami the other would suare only in trie Dnrtueus ol tne system . io ent hnznl of havinc the market for their nro-1 I ductions entirely cut off, and finally, to cap. th k t i.imax of this injos i vr. a.no orrncssiox, that the taxes levied on tho foreign articles. nro expended almost exclusively in the favored region, and you then have, Mr. President, the whelo case of the South spread open before you. Their pursuits are altogether agricul- . . .t .i .l .t turai tnpy cannot cuango tuera tney cacnot transfer their labor and capital to tho fa . . . , - .. rauea are exnenueQ in omer etions. there a man in this assembly who can lay his nanu upon nis ncari, ana say iiiai u is a inst Dut where is the justice and equality of a i -Al .- i i : r - i. a . . . i- . P stem 01 legislation wiucn i to man b p rou ta hie the industry of others, by the destruction of our own ? And by what right is it, that we are to be made victims of thc prosperity of oiners : i win nere uorrow an illustration to make thi? matter plain. The Southern States supply themselves with woollens, cotton and iron, by raising cottoo rice and tobacco, Now, suppose we should exchange a bale of cotton for u bale of coarse woollens, for the use of our tlaves, containing we will say, a hundred pieces. This hale of cloth is ours, It is the Iruit of our own labor of American :-i ii -j..-! capital, Hiiu noain luuusiry We may be said to have manufactured it, not with the spindle and the loom, hut with the plough and the ; hoe. Now, sir. we will suppose that a northern an luceu he is 1 tin; liiiiiiuiactui ei entitled to ne reirarueti in in 1 , . , , mr.e (aar than the J1'"1" ? . thf fre,&ht , which We may have paid to the ship i . u - ...... . : 1 1 .1 a l . 1 - 1 I stand, at least, on the same footing, and that, whether these were wanted for ' consumption, or for sale, they should be j BUbjected to exactly the same tax. But; how are we treated by a just and paternai goverumetu, wno carcm cquauy ior i a i .1 ii e ai"""1 vu,,u,vu ; vu V1 M UW11UU3 i iai rhiHlan f I lnt Kn la rt Trr .-w-v I y;? the manufacturer is free from all taxation. If those articles are wanted for our consumption, we can consume but sixty pieces, while the manufacturer retains his hundred pieces. If the goods are wanted for sale, we have but 6ixty pieces to be converted into money, or to be exchanged for other commodities; while the manufacturer has his hundred pieces for the same purposes; and if we should happen to meet at the same market, as the two articles must sell at thc same price, being of the same quality, the manufacturer will, of course, realize forty pcr cent, more than the planter. " Now, sir, what are we to do in this dilemma? How are we to escape this unequal burden? Tha Senator from Kentucky, on a former occasion, taxed his ingenuity to provide us a means of escape; and 1 must presume that it nis i uu ii r imuijVjs -- ingenuity failed, the cause is altogether Tlipre arc four wnvs ! wltll0t noPc liere ?.rc. r "n-? saitl tne Senator, by Which the ftOlltn may avoid the tax. Fint, " by abitui?i

lection lor a short time might Hasten itl aavancement, but at most, the withholding of such protection, could have no other effect than to delay its introduction for a few years

Is

mcrjrOm the VUrChOSt I ce." But sir We C Li"" , d t ' - A j ' 8n a

inn- from ihe purchase of the foreign .1 . Til. moreover, furnis! es the onlj market for our productioi.H. To adopt this alternative would be to seal our ruin. Secondly, aid the tletnan employ the rival American fabric" But, sir, if the manufacturer would take our cotton in exchange for his productions, (which he cannot do except to avery limited extent) we should pay as heavy a tax in the price of t!;i domestic, as in the duty oa the foreign fabric; for no one will pretend, thai if the quality be the same, there would It any difference of price in the America.! -market. "Thirdly, "manufacture for oursthes." Sir, we' caDnot manufacture. Except as to a few articles, slave labor is utter! r incapable of being applied to such an object. Slaves are too improvident, too incapable of that minute, conBtant, delicate attention, and that persevering in dustry, which is eisential to the euccg-. 0( manufacturing establishment? lo:l burnt UP the Whole establishmen;. It rtiicht be SUDDOSed. sir. that thc. nfi. T)le of South ('.irolina would nnf l.nv been inclined to punish such an oflencc with great seventy; and if the culprit had escaped, I presume we should no: soon have heard the end of it. Not r-o. . sir, however. We have a law which punishes arson, whether committed bv n black, or a white man, with death. The offender was brought to trial, ai.d beingjeonvicted on thJclearesl proof suifered the penalty of the law. "And, sir to show how little justice is sometimes meted out to the South, I will state the fact, that sinca I arrived here, I have seen an nccoimt of !-,i, transaction in print, beaded with hv capitals, CRUELTY TO SLAVES.75 and representing that a poor innocer t negro had recently been hanged i:; South Carolina, for burning down a building by accident. I think, sir, the gentleman will now himself adtnit, that to embrace this proposition would o&lr be, to use an old adage, "jumping cut of the frying pan into the fir?," The last remedy suggested by the genth nian is that wu should "supply ourselves with household manufactures." What, sir! give up our foreign trade? Abai.dcn our agricultural pursuits,and involve tbe whole southern country in desolation and ruin? Are we to be driven fro'B pursuits of our choice, in order to promote tho industry of the manufactures " The case which I have stated, of thu bale of woollens, illustrates thc urlci-uI operations of this system upon the agricultural industry of the south, and the manufacturing industry of the rorih. is true of a single bale, is truo cf tbe whole amountjof foreign importations arc taxed tor the protection of tha domestic manufacture tru ofthe e'"ht millions of imports received in exchange for the productions of South Carol i i n and ofthe forty millions received in exchange for the productions of thc plantation States, or at least of eo much thereof as embrace the protected articles. Our northern friends say however, that part of our cotton and rice belongs to them. Be it so. Whatever remains to us, and is rightfully ours, is subjected to thc unequal system which I have above described. Sir, it i3 but beyond all dispute, that the Agricultural industry of the south is taxed, unequally, unjustly enormously taxed in its foreign exchanges, in order to render profitable the manufacturing industry of the north. Taied, I will not say to what extent but precisely to the amount of the duty imposed for protection, and thc price added to the domestic articles, whoever these may be. It is said, sir, that tho consumer pays tho tax, and that the tariff States pay thar full portion ofthe tax on their consumption. Sir, I think this may be well doubted our habits are different. A South Carolina farmer, whoaa crop ia worth a thousand dollars, sends, perhaps, the whole of it to market, and exchanges it for foreign production?, paying, it may be, a duty of fifty per cent. His tax would be five hundred dollar.j, the northern or western farmer raising produce totha value of a thousand dollars, will consnmr. nine hundred of it on his farm, and exchange but a hundred for foreign articles, and be subjected to adutyofonly fifty dollars. This differ. enc of habits batween the different parts