Western Statesman, Volume 1, Number 48, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 11 February 1831 — Page 1

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S.NJ THE CONSTITUTION WISDOM, JUSTICE, MODERATION. VGJ K. IjAWIIEiWEBUIIGII, INDIANA; FItI?S&.Y, FEBRUARY 11, 1831. 4.

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J ! ,'.Ti i ir H'IM.Tsrtsn r obseu p moil xn snonT TnT. TERMS : TWO POM.ARS A NO FfFTT CFXTRri-r tut, rTal'.m within thr j-.nr; bur nmj S di.chtrr. 4 hi the r'yrawut rl TWO DOLLARS in diice. 1 hr.tr muuili an. r ib t. mmrnc. intnt will bt luw.-.l for J.vdcv rr-tn-nt. 1 lK'e m tin rvcirr thnr Mp-r it r.riate pot mnt piy th huisv, or it will 1 .jj-d to dior uWrip. No paper will bo discontinued tjntit ill iTrorir- are twiil (milo at the option of the Editor): an! failnrr j n"iy tticontinuann at the tn.l of the time sub. rnbi-d, will b rnniil. red lw t'tiptpmriiL Uturs to the E.litor mut be post paid. ZT ADVERTISEMENTS inserted at the nsunl rates.

srr.rxn of mil m iu;i:s On, the noi in 0 .Mr. St.jnftrrj fi rtrike o r.f the r,pT,-,; ri.ition u'7, the taliry cf tie Mr. Brnuta rose, and addressed the committee, a? follow?: Mr. Chairuiin: The present is, I believe, no urmfunl discussion. In the short term of mv e nice in this Hall, I have witnessed sitlinu after sitting of a Committee of the Whole House on the state of the. Union, where the quantum of Hilary, i-.mpne.l with the service of foreicn Miei-tn-, v;ts the subject of most stirring debate. When has the competency of thn Hons,! to move such lehate hren quftii-.nei ? Never, until the present sitting of l! i- -rmmittee. If I am mistaken, 1 a-k Tie Chairman of the Oimmittoc on Fon i-n Relations to tell ire when that pu ,-tion wa made hy the fri nl of the last .uhninistrationf The question is put to him because of his proximity to the executive department, and because, if he will not give it a candid answer, such answer can be expected from any rjonth man in tin's Hall, What call, then, can, bv anv u-af beat this time made on this branch of the liovemment to throw itself at the very foot of executire Fubserviencv? Do the people expect this from us? They have placed the national f indi at our control, but with a full confidence in dur fidelity and diligence, and under no fear that we fb.onld unlock the treasury, unless paramount public interest call u'p. on us to turn the key. Wo canrmf do t!us men 1? bee ue required to da it by Cabinet MinisTer,or by the I!xeeutivc uiKicr moir advi- ui; t t - i ,i , . nt. 1 his Hou-e n..ea the, riclit to h liberate, to deb;itj, and, under a sound discretion of it? own, to decide and determine all claims for appropriation, by whomsoever or fr whatsoever purpose they may havebeenmade. If mi--ions of minor importance were, in years paed, questioned under the Timlance. of r pirit of retrenchment, without a f How in f rmer times, may we not now although that spirit has been touched, and put to f-lerp by the caducous of the State Department may wo. not call to our aid so much of the sober watchfulness of the best days of our Republic as may enable us, with due di ligence, to examine such a question of appropriation as this item of this bill has brought before us ! It relates to no misMon to an infant nation, or some inconsiderable state, but our lon established !. cation to a Courr amorn; the most illuslhou f.f Europe, and invoking relations pre-eminently interesting to our cAnntry. Innovations relative to this distinguished mission do, above many ethers, plar,: our national interest in parlv. Our relations with Russia nve hitherto been cherished, and sus tained by a Minister Plenipotentiary i? i,rr that Giurt- .It that Court, in the royal city of St. Pete rvburirh: and r,-).;,) the political and social circle of the J.mp ror himself, the high di-nita-ti" ol coveinment, and the diplo. mane ri.js f .-ill the nation? of Europr,;ini many of those of Asia. -1 " r af. then, 1 the question bet Ion ' ".inn. uiiof r mis in in ii appro1 nation, The gentleman from Ohio, (.Mr. .-Man: rr .) .'..is movtal to strike irom the bill !H pr pord to be anpi ( yn -i t..r ::ym'iit of the current rar s diry to the prntK man said to tiave been despatched as minister to R-ia. He h.H ably, though briefly, s'.!.,in' .1 . motioru I trust the cotnm.tteo will indulge me in a f w remarks Hi the s.Trm: side f the question. I h i m it- II Iteapa no p, ,rJv- fa 'tin ffll'.! ning it fitim others of the Fame kind. or gnmg us any warrant for rejecting 1 :l .1 .. -J IVU IVtill (lift.-. 11 - I . .. ...... ....-. ,iit- snowed. v e muil look to fithrr documents for information ror.cerniiig this mis-inn, ;,tid our obligation to fnrni-htho monry for snnpoiling tai- miniver at the court f St. 1. ter-burgh. The paper which I now I .I-,, Ir,,tn itr .1., 1. L. t ,.ir. ii- ... 11. v mi -iv i t lore me contains that information. It imnorf. lw. l: annual mt s age frornthe Presidont f the I " iiitcl Slates to ('ongre? ,it tbn prsent session. It certainly bear his signature, and was sent to thi House by tint high dignitary. Nohvithstanding the .e fart", the document mut be refirfd and considered rutin ly a the

production of Cabinet Ministers. No literary gentleman in this Hall -I mean no member of this House who read? and examines this communication, made to us so much at length, could, I think, say, without hazard of their reputation, that he believes one sentence of it was composed by the distinguished gentleman whose name is placed at the end of it. This, sir, is not said for any purpose ofderogation from the eminent official character of our first Magistrate; but for a very different, a much more important purpose. Are gentlemen aware of the extent of our importation of European politics? Have we not brought home, and put into use, the high torv maxim of their monarchies, that the King c.n do no wrong? Was there ever 11 time in our country when the friends of any administration, other than the present, believed and practised this article of political faith with more unscrupulous devotion? The cabinet ministers of our executive have taken artful council from this fact. As European Ministers, being answerable with their heads for what the King, their master, may from the throne communicate to his Lords and Commons, will not sutler any speech but of their own contriving to be thus communicated; so, the adroit uiini-ters of our Cabinet, takinshelter under the executive subservient cyof the times, have not only put upon the nation this message, but the President, a man who if he moved at all, always marched straight forward to his object, they have betrayed into the crooked councils which may by diligent examination, be fuund in this menage, sent to Congress by them, while tliev lie thehcred under the imposing name

ot the Urst dignitary of the nation. If the King can Iono wrong, thank God ministers may, even in these times, be made accountable for the councils which they have given him. " The right divine in man" to rule, the enormous fiith of many made for one,M comprehends in its creed no permanent provision for any crafty sycophant to skulk and screen himself behind the throne, and play the little tyrant with security. That part of this message, from which we learn the character of this mission to Kusia, s a. nf it hi h now it concern us to examine. Our foreign relations are a branch oftho Departmentof State; and this mission was contrived, and the account ol it contained in the message. nns noon given 10 us oy the Secretary of that Department. The gentleman from North Carolina, (Mr. Carson.) has read this account for one purpose suffer me to read it for another. " Our relations with Russia are of the mot stable character. Respect for .1 w mat empire, nnd confidence mits friendship towards the United States, have been so long entertained on our part. ani so caretuuy cherished hy the present Emperor and his illustrious predecessor, as to have become incorporated wim me punnc sentiment oi the United States. u I einrccly regret to inform you that our minister lately commissioned to that court, on whoso distinguished talents and great experience in public affairs I place great reliance, has been -ompolled, hy extreme indisposition to exercise a priv ilegc which in consideration oftho ex tent to which his constitution had been impaired in the public serv ice, was com mitted to his discretion, of leaving temporarily bis post for the advantage of a moro genial climate. " I have received the most sali-faelo ry assurance that, in the mean time, the public interests in that quarter will be preserved Irom prejudice by the intercourse which he will continue, throurl: the Secretary of Legation, with the Kussmn Lalnnef. ' Am I not correct in saying that this fabric was wrought in the Department 01 Mate, ho hut Mr. St 'Cretarv Van Duren would have devised such a mission, or selected such a man to fill it, or caused such a printed paper lobe sent to this House? Wo are told by it that our long established Legation to Russia ha been totally changed; and that, in place of a permanently resident milliliter at that court, regardless of the publie service, a mission has been invented toMiit the talents, the health, habits, and deposition of the distinguished individual for w hom it was designed. Itythe very terms of this mission, this individual is required to n pair to Russia, but is authorized to leave that court, and that empire whenever his health (and of that h alone is the judge) may require it. H ho hut the Al.u liiavehan at the head of the Slate Department would have adxisrd the President to such a mission, or dared to plate on a document, prepared to be s, ni to this House, such a stalemeiit ofils I iilllllli liri ni.'nl i.t-. ,M "hu"

and Id 1 M lit Con. it on ) low h t ,,,r f! ' T " 1 .; LJi , 1 . I ell l,';rTt.4Vn0,,n,,oru,d,wri"tor5 ,u"1 ,h,s K""il,U rc.i-! me ron.Mitution, er the Ihwi of the UmU danoe will mither givo th bluL, nor tho palm I

ed States, or of the usages of this go vernmcnt, does he find any thing in sup

port of tlie measure? It will not be ha zarding very much to say, that this House was never, before this time, called upon to pay such a galary for such services. The distinguished Minister to Russia is John Randolph. How does he understand the terms on w hich he agreed to embark on this mission? The course of conduct pursued by him since his departure may give us sonic knowledge on this point. We are left in nearly utter tlurkn(I.?5 by the pppartment of State concerning all th; movements of this Minister, for the Mr$n?e merely tellu us that he has alroa!y taken ben efit under the sinccuro clau?o in his charter of legation. He has left the court el our illu?trit uj frioml, the Autocrat of ill the Kusias; but when or for what other rcgii ' Here the Secretary incautiously silent. The Chairman of the t'ommittpo on Foreign Relations haj been equally eo. Can any ircttleiuan of this Committee either indoctrinate us into thi treat mystery of state, or give us the li-ht of n single fact concerning the voyages and travels cf this Minister of ours? Lctns know wheth er he is now moving or stationary. WLern iJohn Randolph? Whore is our Ambassador,' for whoso public services Mr. Van liuren is calling upon us to provide a salary? We are told that he is not where he tv.is pent ; and that he had . permission to co thence w hen mid whivhwr he tuiuht chooee; but whether he h, in pursuit of health, now baskiuj; in the sunshine of Naples, or, for a like purpose, traversing "the fog wrapt Island of Britain," we are left to learn from the samo authentic docu ments from which the Chairman of the eommitteo on foreign relations it-em to have takiu advice, rumor and the puUic papers. Thc.e have "talked of his "rrl :cah. ut ;" nn-1, thonch, without giving daily bulletin of his health, habits, or motions; ytt their liirhl to speak, aud our rii.ht to In ar, cannot be iuestioneu, when those who know and could tell us the whole truth, persevere in u a;e and cautious silenco. if we arc left by the SecreUrj, without knowledge of his movements or localities, wo are equally uninetrnctcd by him coiicernim: the health of this Amha?ado'V. Wo are mere ly told that he has already availed hiiu-elf of Uis right, by the terms of his commission, to Hoandon the public service. In what Mat.? of health was he then, is ho now, or probably will he be, ut any future tim ? I'orhy-isl.itir!-on this subject, iu what a luminous condition this prescient Secretary has placed this House. We have unequally liistinct view of the put, the prtsent aiul the lut-ire. j)oe an-centl.--luiltl of thiscoiiiUiitti e po-ses the pew. r to to!i 11s whether John Randolph iiiit.htuM , or even can be required, by the terms of hi h cation. to return to the t 'oiirt ol Kui.-i,t; Is not this salary intended to be hcnle him for thetlistinjuisheil service already rendered at that Court? Ffhis health eonliuio to reiitiiro if, I.., I,., .. . 1.1 , ' i-i-, v,- .ne iuiu, iue nun 10 enoose iiit place of residence. What are, what liAve been his own opinions concerning that health? 1 ou have all seen liua wait, into lids Hou r, and outol it, and must know his own opinions concerning his own hcaltL Wo have often heard him renounce his chronic complaint, "a churchyard cough." In tintcr, " he should never live over corn planiing," iu seed time, " he should die lielore harvest." He has tor years been travelling from New York to Liverpool, from l'.nghind to France, from America to Europe, and from Europe to America, iu pursuit of health. Has he not, from all this, learned that neither time, nor travel, can bring back to age the bloom of youth, or to intimity, the vigor of health Were he, at this moment, to walk into this Hall, wrapped, from the door to the rye, in flannel and t'earnaught, what would ho tell you, s c Mu.eniing liis health? What of his intended residence in Russia ? No, sir, if ho be t he judge and who but he can be the judge r.f his own health ? he will never again return to the Court of the Cynr. We are, therefore, direcUd, and required, by the Secretary of Slate, to appropriate this item of ilOOU dolhii, for the salary of a public minister, who ha been in the public servicejat the place of hi destined residence, not much more than a like number ofdavs. He arrived at St. rctersbur.gh, was pre-ented to the Emperor, made his bow, or gi neilexion. retired, and went to England? France ? Italy? or where? No mortal man, ou this f'ulu the Atlantic, can inform us. During this nine day's residi uce, what services did he render to the American people? The Secretary is satHiod; and we surely ought not to bo anxious about this treat allnir. w o are told it is n matter exclusively within

the competency oftho Executive; aud, there-j furnish ships to that despot, thereby nidinfore, it i"., I .ruu.c, coii ad.iv. "'ii., thu Re-1 him in bringing that people again undor his preventatives ol the p, ople have 1.0 lior voca- j iron oke. What shall we say to the Emperor t.011 but to vote, the piomi-t.l and re., nired ! of Russia Whohall make .,rn,.an.;.,..

compensation. !!., . , .' in that short time, iu rendering himself very .v. v...i.uin sui eeeiieii, even iiisunguisiiou at the therefore-, it may be said, in giving e.pial cel. - bnty tohis country. He eertainlj gave voice ouri 01 l.iissia: .Mid .1 ... rvr.j longneoi rumor in noth hemispheres. Ilia miflj.. Lit ! 1 1 Il.i-,... t"t ..- I.- . 1 1 . ' " VH..1.1. i.u rr:iiMfu a? un trm tt. mir .Al.t: 1 i ... ..... .'i. 1CI..IIUU9: ftuo irie 1 esi. en.-f. 01 nuiuioipii at the Vourt of Russia will loim be talked of as a phenomenon in diploma.-) . For this we must give him the $!,l!00 d.-maud-ed by the Secretary. What could such a iilmi do for his country in the character of a fori ign M iinslt r . Just hathc hnsdoiie: which was vary much ,ke what each man in the nation of ell parties, who knew him, must have expected ho would do. Celiius he certainly has: for he is origin - t - - al, and unlike all other men. If' vou ph ase, hi is eloiiient : hut if so, that eiotpiciico is, like himself, ui generis. These have enabled him

to perform what he has done; could (hey quali- In answer to all these anxious fo,rho-Ws fy him loathe service of a great diplomatic j we are told, that in this absence of the MinisMinister? lo not these rcipiire sound judg-j ter, tho Secretary of Eegation takes very si.cuicnt, deep, extensive and regular thinking ; la-, Hal and satisfactory care of our relations at

1.0110HS perseverance in liusmcss; ami, aixive all, iruiieiic-, ami vigilant circnnispcction III his thirt y years' public service, w here are wncre are. tin 1 11 1. in 1 me i.f 4 1.1 1. i u ...a ; :... 1 ..i.i... -. ...1 1 -1 l.i.r j ..I ... 1 1 i . .1 . v,,. f -II ...II .1.1. ,-.......,

to any other public transaction of this rcmarkuble man throughout his politicul life. With a perfect knowledge of this man, tho Secretary of State could not have contrived this legation, so dirterent from all others, with any v'cw to tho public service. This man :vas sent out not to benefit the peoplo abroad, but to relieve the administration at home. Tho crafty Secretary had witnessed the political movements of this ecentric man. He feared thecoma might return again and visit his political hemisphere. II had seen it blajse in Perihclium ; " Willi fenr r.f change perplexing men in power.1' Was it not prudent to remove this star of malign influence to another sky? It has been done ;and the nation muM; pay, not for a mission made for tho advancement of thcirjinterefs, but made to secure the political power of the Secretary. 4We have been told that our relatione with Russia aroof high and important interest ; raid, therefore, ve cannr dispense with this Appropriation, because-, if we refuse this salary, We ihall defeat the mision. Should this mission.

by which no public bent fit wa3 intended, and lrom which none can bo hoped, bo recalled, it may be replaced by one of better purpose, and cit':cient character. It is an obstruction iu the " straight forward" path of our relations with Uussia, and we are laboring to ubato,or to rumovc it out oftho way. Our relations with that Government are tru ly important. That Empire is perhaps the most numerous in population, and certainly the most extensive in territory of an; power on the Clobo. No nation of the old world, of h than by colonies, approaches so near to us. This peoplo is advancing in civilization,! wealth, and power, beyond any example in its former history. Iu tho last controversy of arms, between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, had not other powen of Europe interposed a shielding hand, the Moslem, after a dominion of more than four centuries in the fairest part of Europe, had been driven beyond the Besphorns; and the Autocrat of Russia would have :i-cended the throne of Constantino. At all tiairs, our relations w ith such a power must be important to the Amcricnu peoplo. Aro those relations taken caro ofuow, as heretofore they havebecu. and as now especially thov ouj.ltobe? J Yes, sir, I say as now they should be. For now Europe is convulsed, and agitated from tho Mediterranean to tho Baltic". The flame of w ar is but just repressed. Troops aro called info the field, in almost every uation-, and Russia, in a kind of winter campaign, has sent out d0il,(0i soldicu to her south western frontier, look out ou the old battle fields of Belgium and France. In thiscondition of Europe, do we rot require nn able, a diligent, a resident minister of Russia. Withhold this ap propriation, abolish this sinecure legation, aud litis may be euccled. One other fact, iu the history of our diploii:ioy, reinh r tier. tiJenei of a skilf;l, tV.i'ulul mini (er at tliutcourt, at this time, above nil olUr-, indispensable. We karu from the Dtpartuic nt of State, through tho samo medi um, this message, that a treaty of amity and commerce has been negotiated between the 1'iiiled States and the Sublime Boric. The Secretary, with great candor, told us what the Turk had agreed to do for the Christian; but he, with gn at caution, concealed what the christian had a en d to do for the Turk This gentleman is us well persuaded as the Freuch monarch was, that " ho who knows not how to dissemble, knows not how to rule." Rumor has run clean counter to Mr. Van Bu ren : for though she often tells more than the truth, she never tells less. What have we learned from this witness! Why tru'y that a secret article is contained in this treaty; and this fact was, I believe, published iu the news- : 1 .1.. ... .. . p.ipvii-, uriun: wi; 1 eeeiveu U1U message. It IS said, it is believed, that by this article the American people agree to furnish armed ehipe to the Sultan of Turkey, iu his future hvars with chri-tian nations. E'o you bcliove. sir that our Envoy had left Constantinople, before tho Russian minister ut the Torto know this fact f Th very Brogoman, by whom your Mr. Muml talked with Keis Lilcndi would for hall a plate full of piastres, have told the whole story to count Oi lolF, and sworn he was doing good service to the Prophet by ctraying one christian dog to another. Sir, has friendship for the Russian Empire been so cherished b the present Sovereign, aud his illutriou predecessor, that it has become a sentiment of the American people) Is not this secret article a diplomatic fraud, not only on that frieudship,but, which it (piite as much concerns us to consider, upon that sovereign who ha eo generously cherished it? I say nothing now of what may happen, if tho Turk should again war upon tho Creek: or how it may comport with the republican nrinciide.s of thn SWrt,.. 1 rv of State, when he nhnll e,.U ,,o,:., ir.. ,... - . 7 -"---I "" if we shall have any to make? It is probable that the news ol this treaty, and perhaps n bur h, shortly alter our Minister h it that city The shortness of his residence there, tho sudconv ol it. reached flir. -n.ri r.f T... . ; (lenm-ss of his departure, tho intelligence- of ... .... ua- mvn t nrtirio, the intomlod eoiourn oftlmt .... . . . . ii.tit.ii.r m r .m.o m t - 1 .. ......... n perl. tips in England, iierhans in Fiance, the attitudes of the nations of Eurone. all giving dreadful note of preparation for war, must have had some tendency to place onr relations with Russia on a footing not tho most firm and friendly. Hoes not sou ml policy do. a not national good sense call on the w.:.- 1 . . . .vim in .in people to nave an able Minister at man ourt, and that too, right speedily? Have ... ..... men; now: t niier the mission for which this appropriation is to be made, aro we likely soon, or even. I l. nn o.r ... 1 1 "'eh a man there, but to have there any Minis I u T a ? 1 ----- lt!lC I the court ol .M. I Vtershuruh. Ifthiswen not r 1 too ludicrous, it must be received : mocUerv of the A a mere mocUcry ol the American neoole. When thi .... . - . .. .... . ,1. 1 . -. .,.....;.,..,, , Mom iimier ins lien, iVlr. ei v.... ... . . . ' "j "en musi, 11 11,. 1, au placed his Hu.! t!u.c,have felt something on Ids face differeut from the .tcrnal .aiiU? Who i this

Secretary of Legation, the protegee of the Mluister. John Randolph Clay ! A lad of less, or certainly not more than twenty-one years old ; undistinguished by talents, education, or employment, without acquaintance with men, or things, or business. A youth to whom fame has not, nor have his friends attributed any thing extraordinary, either in possesion or promise: and with nothing but his tir-iunne to recommend him to public attention. I woutJ not, I cannot speak in derogation of this youth ; and all I would say is, that he mnt be utterly unqualified for the public station where he is placed. The service requires men ; the nation has able men, Herculean men. Why then hazard our interests, perhaps our peace, by placing tho weight of Empires ou the (lender shoulder? of boyhood ? Let us striko out this appropriation, that this sinecure, this stato mission, may bo avoided; that tho Minister may return to his " constituents," tho Secretary tohis studies; and that the PRESIDENT may sen-lu Legatiunto Russia fit for tho pubii ; si rvic-;. As it will not bo contended that this appropriation should bo made, because the gentleman, who may take tho benefit of it, is a native of Virginia, eo may gentleman be assured that these remarks have no sectional origin; and I utterly disclaim any, and nil adversary feeling to that diftinguished Commonwealth, her interests, and her citizens. I have spoken as ono of the representatives of the American people; and as one, coming from a part of our common country, which Las done and will do a3 much for the illustrious men of Virginia, as any other part of this nation. This appropriation is opposed, tocausc it is iutend-

ed to support a mission-jjlormed for purposes inconnected with th public-interest?, places our foreign relations in peril, aud is without any justification iu law, usage, or constitutional principle. FROM THE WK8T5BM TILLER. A valuable little manual for farmers and all others who keep horses, has late ly necn published by A.R. RcO, 0f this city, entitled the "Farmer's Farrier, illustrating the peculiar nature arid characteristics of the horse, and the diseases to which he in liable, with the symptoms and remedies familiarly explained; accompanied with the pedigree of the blooded horses in the west. Ry II. L. Rarnum editor of the United States' Agriculturist and Farmer's Reporter." Its object is stated in the preface, to be ulo form a concise, simple and correct treatise, which will bu intelligible to any person of common capacity;'' and we think the author has bexn pftj-'-'ful in his undertaking. The following is c--. tracted from the chapter entitled "Ueniral Huh,f ,r I'ntcmn tU lhalth. cf Hones "Itisbettcrto preserve the health of horses by diligence and cure, than to rely on tho use of nicdicinus; audit is said, that "the master's eyo makes the horse fat;" it is no less true that Lis inspection will keep the horse in health. "Let it be made a general rule, to cive horses as few medicines as possible, and on no account to imitate the absurd practice of those who arc continually bleeding, purging, and forcing down balls, though their horses ure perfectly well, and show not the least symptom that requires such treatment. Troper management in tho feeding, exercise, and dressing alone, will euro many diseases, and prevent most of them; for, as Mr. Clark justly observes, tho Fimplicity of a horse's diet, which chiedy consists of grain and herbage, when good in kind and dispensed with judgement, secures him from those complicated disorders which aro the effect of intemperance in the human body. "Care should be taken that the lloor of tho stable should bo raised highest where the horses staud, and that their urine be carried off readily, eo that it may not injure the feet by softening them. Tho Romans preferred hard oak to any other substance for their horses to stand on, particularly us best calculated to har den tiiiir Hoofs, loo manger should bo kept freo from all kinds of filth, lest it hurt the Lorses, and it should be divided into separate partitions, eo that each horeo may get the precise quantity allowed him uud uo runre, as there are some who will eat much moro iu a given time than others, and the situation of the rack ehould bo suited to the size oftho hore ; neither too high lest tho throat bo injured by extending it too much, nor too low, lest the hay or other food should fall into tho eyes and injure them. A considerable quantity of light should bo admitted into tho stall, lest by the horse's being accustomed to darkness, his eye eight should be impaired when he is brought out into the light. And it ehould bo rather cool than hot in the winter, because tho sudden change from thence into un nnusual cold, will subject him to disease. If the weather lie very severe, he may bo clothed by means of a blanket. In summer tho stablo ehould bo well aired, as well in the night us in the day time. "The food of horses ehould be sweet aud free from all impurities, especially tho dung aud feathers of fowls as those ere very offensive to them. Hay is so essentia! an article in their diet, that no pains should b spared to procuro the best, and when it is not extraordinary, the duet should bo well shook out before it is put into tho rack, for bad hay is upt to produce vermin. "The allowance of hay ehould be proportioned to the constitution oftho hors, and n leaa horse ehould have moro than a fat one. But too much is hurtful, especially to fine and delicate horses. "'1 "heir oats ehould be well sifted and cleaned of dust, uud particular caru ehould bo taken that they be neither musty, uor emell of rats, tor these are very disgusting to horses. Well ripened oats are a more healthy and durable food than barley, and better suited to tho constitution of horses, as has been proved by experience, and a proper quantity of cut straw nnd hay mixed with them is sometimes very beneficial to horses troubled with worms, indigestion, & c."

It is estimated that tho present population' I of the Statu of N. York is l,!)00,n(10. Thr increase in the last ten jesrs is about 2d per cent.