The Wabash Courier, Volume 18, Number 13, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 24 November 1849 — Page 1

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PUBLISHED EVEKY SATURDAY MORN1WG

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O E

THE DAYS OF CHILDHOOD.

C. n. STEWiRT.

The pleasant dny« of childhood, Mow swiftly have they flown, Like young flowers in the wildwood,

When autumn winds hnve blown They're gone, they're gone forever.

They will no more return, Though memory holds them in the heart Like ashes in the urn.

The happy days of childhood, When innocence and glee With gcntlo fingers, turned the heart

To music wild and free They're gone, they're gone forever, I.ive rivers to

the

mnin.

Their dancing waves of joy and mirth Will ne'er return again.

The holy days of childhood, Ere

evil thoughts came near,

When in the

heart no sin wns found,

And on the cheek no tear They're gone* they're gone forever, Like footprints on the shore, Washed out by Timo's relentless waves

They will return no more.

The pleasant, holy,linppy days, Life's only blossom lime, Where are your buds which promise gnve

Df flowers in summer's time? Though gone, though gone forever, Ye haunt lite heurt and brain. And memory keeps you to unnoint l.ifti'ii after years of pain.

SAD TIIOI GUTS.

"Lav her i'

the earth:

And from her unpoluted flush May violets spring."—MAMIJT.

How and on the hnprt. Strikes the sound of the bell, A* the lov'd and the beautiful

IVIHS from the sight. The ton* and the smile Wo have cherished so well, Fnile

away from

the

earth,

Like a dream of the night.

I low

lone in

the

home

which we are turning

With sorrowing heart And a tear streaming eye While deep in the soul

As wild thoughts are burning,

pine from the dear one, And ask but -todie.

Let her lie in her )?rave 'Mid

the flowers of the earth—

(She mournVI

at their fading

And joy'd in their bloom)--They shall spring from her mold And the place of their birth J?ha!I enhance

their soft

beauties,

Knrtcli

their

poriume!

And thus, with

the night daws

Distilling above her, To froshsn

tho flower-buds

That nood o'er her rest, Shall she fragrantly rise To the angels who love her, Ami who call her with smiles

the bowers of the blest.

Soieide Statistics.

A very curious statement and calculation has been published in Paris by M. I'airot, a medical professor, relative to the number of suicides committed in France for thirty years. Front the records of tho police. It apppearsthat the total number of suicides attempted to bo committed were 6.782. and threo-fourths of the individuals were unmarried. We subjoin the figures furnished to him by the police, showing the relative number of mate and female suicides: Crossed in lovo 37 males, 157 females: jealousy, 39 males, 52 females mortified pride, 27 males, 27 females calumny aud loss of reputation. 07 males, 28 females remorse. 37 males, 12 females disappointed ambition, 110males, I2females reverse of fortune, 283 males, 39 females: gaming. 141 mates, 14 females other species of misconduct, £€& males. 73 females domestic chagrins, 524 males, 260 lemates misery. 511 males, 504 females fanai&cism, 1 male, 13 fewaloR.

It would, therefore, seem to follow that some where about five women died from love for three men that the ladies have considerable advantage, or rather the disadvantage* in jealousy that in pride they are on a par with the lords of creation that in calumny and loss of reputation they bear with three times the fortitude that men evince that they fed only about one-third of the remorse i$rhich the other sex experience and that to the sorrow^ which flow from disappointed ambition, reverse of fortune and gaming, they are exposed in a very slight degree in comparison with their yokefellow*. This calculation, it will be remembered, applies but to French ladies. In what light a similar calculation would exhibit our own fair country women, we presume not to conjecture.

From the N. O, Picayune of Ike 1th. LATE FROM CALIFORNIA.

Arrival of the Steamship Falcon.

By the arrival here yesterday of the .steamship Falcon. Lt. N. J. Hartsiene, U. S. N., commander, from Chagres the 30th ultimo, we have received the San Francisco Alia California to the of September.

The Falcon arrived at Chagres from Havanna on the 30th ult., ana left the same night for this port. She brings three passengers, and 819,200 in gold dust, consigned to the commercial house of Maunsel White & Co.

The Empire City for New York, and the Alabama for New Orleans,left Chagres on the 20th ult., each of them having the mail for her destined port. This arrangement was owing to the mail agent who accompanied the letters from California. Great complaints, we are informed, are made about the management of the mails on the Isthmus.

Mr. Gleason, U. S. Consul at Chagres, is in very ill health. There are thirteen hundred persons on the Isthmus, all bound for San Francisco.

The steamship Oregon arrived at Panama on the 23d ult., from San Francisco, and was to leave again for the latter named port on the 7th inst. She brought from California three hundred passengers and seven hundred thousand dollars in gold dust.

Hon. T. B. King, wo learn, was to leave San Francisco for the States in the steamer appointed to sail thence on the 1st inst.

The convention at Monterey for forming a State constitution was in regular session at that place. Subjoined we give the list of officers elected:

Robt.Semple, President Willium G. Mnrcy, Secrotttry Caleb Lyons, First Assistant Secretary J. Ii. Field, Second Assistant Secretary \V. II. P. Ilarmell, Translator Henrique Henriquez, Assistant Translator J. S. Houston, Ser-geant-at-Arms Cornelius Sullivan,Door \eep3r.

The vote for the President was as fol-

Robert Semple, William M.Gwin, Scattering,

Total, 38 DISCOVERY OF A VEINN OF GOLD.—We take the following from the Alta California of the 13th Sept.:

Col. J. C. Fremont has denounced a tract of land lying on the Mariposa river, about forty miles from the San Joaquin, upon which has recently been discovered an exceedingly rich vein of gold. The Mariposa (or Butterfly) river was a few months since visited by a party conducted by this eminent explorer, and washings established along the stream. The land occupied by this party was conveyed to the Colonel in 1846, and the mines thereupon having been regularly denounced, according to the Mexican law, measures have been taken to work them. The vein is about two feet in thickness at the surface and is found in the usual strata of quartz. The yield is about eight ounces of gold to one hundred pounds of rock. A specimen was exhibited at this office a few days since, together with a mass of gold extracted by quicksilver, weighing about three ounces. There is every reason to believe that this vein may be traced many leagues in extent, and be found of uninterrupted richness. The gold mines of California are now in reality discovered!

The convention at Monterey was rapidly progressing in the task of framing constitution. The following is the Intef intelligence from that body, taken from the Mta California of 20th Sept.:

The "Declaration of Rights" was adopted by the convention, in Committee oi tho Whole, on the 11th inst.. which, amounting to about one-eighth of the constitution, induces the belief that the end of the present month will find the convention prepared to adjourn. The slavery question was unanimonsly settled on the 10th inst. The only matter which bids fair to detain the convention ts tho apportioning of representatives to the different districts. With the dosire for compromise manifested, however, we foresee no real difficulty in ac quitting itself of the task.

The citiaens of San Francisco have early displayed a laudable interest in the drama. The Alta California of the 20th Sept. hereon says:

Mr. A. W. Fenno, a talented and popular American comedian, who arrived in this city a few months ago, returns to the United States in the steamer Oregon, for tho purpose of procuring a large and efficient theatrical company, at the head of which our citizens may, in January next greet him on San Francisco boards' in the American theatre, an establishment to be immediately erected by Mr. 11. Adler and Mr. M. Chapelle.

The influx of population into the golden region is going on at an accelerated pace. The Alia California says:

About thirty thousand persons, mostly young men, compose the overland emigration this year. A portion of this body is already in the country, and parties are nearly every day arriving. Captain R. Owen, who piloted a company across the country by the Santa Fe route, diverging to the northern road, crossing the Sierra Nevada, and entering California near Johnson's rancho, reports the emigration in an unusually forward state, with provision plenty and to spare.

.n order to relievo armeties and a by

the fears which have been but unduly

created, regarding the general prosperi-

ty of the overland emigration this year,

that latest accounts are highly encoor-

aging, and represent the entire body ful-

Tho following obituary take from the Alta California of September 13th:

a S

XVIII. NO. 13. TERRE HAUTEi- IND. NOVEMBER 24 1849? IF

The grass along the road has been abundant, and but in one place was it believed a scarcity of food for stock would be encountered. This was above the sink of Mary's river, and here, by abandon-

ing the road, a subsistence could be pro- this city. Mr. L. returned from Califor cured., Inia a few days since for his family, and Hon. T.Butler King was, on the 13th will leave again next Monday on his reSeptember, slowly recovering. He was turn to that distant region. He is well in a few days to repair to the lovely and known in this community, and the inforquiet valley of Sonoma, in order more maiion he communicates will be refully to recover his health. ceived without hesitancy as reliable, by

Messrs.Crumney & Co. had establish- all who have the pleasure of his aced a market in San Francisco, calling it quaintance. Mr. L. states that he has the Fulton Market. traveled ever the whole mining district.

The ship Samoset arrived at San Fran- and while doing so saw much to astonish cisco on the 9th September, having on him—much that he is really afraid to board an iron steamboat of 75 horse communicate, fearing that his reputation power, complete, and ready for imme- for veracity would be distrusted by the diate use. Her owners, says the Alta disclosure. Mr. L. thinks that there is California, are quite sure of a small at present about 50,000 men engaged at "sprinkling" of fortune, if their vessel the mines, and although many in their be made to play between this city and estimate of the amount of gold obtained Sacramento. daily by each individual rate it at a less

At the Natoma mines, (American riv- sum, his opinion is that $10 per diem er,) machines employing quicksilver are above all expenses,is theaverage washvery successful in extracting gold. The ed out by the large collection of diggers average rickness of a bushel of earth, and it is his opinion, notwithstanding t'.« previously worked, is about eight ounces removal of this large sum daily, that tiie troy. mines cannot be exhausted in a hundred

In reference to the overland emigra- years, and that the discovery of mining tion, the Alta California remarks: districts has but barely commenced.— Wot one acre ot ground in twenty-five

It ts necessary that wc should state,

(snys Mr. L-) of

erCincinnati,

dered The Government Post Office at San Francisco is represented to be in "most admirable confusion." Tho Placer Times of 1st Sept., says:

A letter from Monterey. Sept. 3, says: There is a rumor going the rounds here relative to the discovery of gold at, or in the vicinity of the Mission of San Antonio. This Mission is about sixty miles from Monterey, on the eastern slope of that spur of ike coast range which forms the western boundary of the beauuful valley through which flows the Silenas river.

The writer, however, does not think it is in such abundance there as will render its search profitable.

The American ship Flavins, Captain Cook, 166 days from New York, 8? passengers, arrived at Sao Francisco on the 20th September. Toe crew were in a state of mutiny and were transferred the U. S. ship Savannah.

Frotn the St. Louis Union, Oct. 39. California News*1'''

We had the pleasure of a few moments conversation last evening with Mr. Wm. C. Lacy, a former resident of

?he

Nevada

ly five weeks earlier than tho emigration L„r,|,wesi ,0 south-east, and the .leposof any former year. We deem this jls

statement but just, in view of the wrong mountains, from Oregon on the north to impression which has gone abroad, and gold mines of Mexico on the South, which exists even to the present time

a great extent in this place. I he friends iajns# jn

of emigrating parties, residing in the fsmall or fine panicles as you travel States, may rest assured of the general south these particles increase in bulk, salety of all, and that aside from the I until, reaching Bear Creek, lumps of ordmary fatigue and privations of the four

journey, no suffering has as yet been|and

experienced.

notices we I Indian country, and penetrated yet farther south, have been rewarded with masses of twelve to fourteen pounds weight of the virgin metal.

On the 31st August, of chronic diarrhcea, lthamar W hiting, late of Tepic, ,j, *f im forma there are Indians who are a wavs \J\lexico, aced 56 vears.

At Sacramento City, on the 1st inst., II ,,

On Wednesday, the 12th inst., at the dant on this side of the Sierra Nevada United States Hotel, in this place, of di- as on the other, but having no definite arrhcea, Henry S. Pearson, printer, aged knowledge either of the country or the about 33 years, a native of Philadel- existence of treasure on the east side, phia. the inducements for their crossing were

Married, on the 13th September, at few but just before Mr. L. left Califorthe house of the bridegroom, bv the nia three traders crossed over from the Uev. Mr. Mines, of the Church of the east to the west side of tho mountains. Holy Trinity, San Francisco, Edward having in their possession one hundred Welder, Esq., merchant, to Miss Mina thousand each. Saner, all of San Francisco. These men would make no disclo-

The bark Tauro, Capt. Low, 214 days sures as to where ihev procured so large from New Orleans, with 47 passengers a supply of gold. One of ihem had on board, arrived at San Francisco on with him an Indian wife, and the party the 7th Sept. stopped at a man's house in California

The American schooner Planet, ar- who also had an Indian wife the two rived at that port, reports the total loss Isquaws entered into conversation, and of the American schooner John A. Sut- before it terminated the trader's wife inter, of Warren, R. I., on the 27th June formed the hostess that the three men last, in Tamor harbor, west entrance of had picked up the gold while traveling the Straits of Magellan—24 passengers, on the Tunkee river, which rises in the ail saved. mountains and sinks in the plains on

The I. O. O. F.. were about to estab- this side of them. As soon as this inlish a Lodge in San Francisco. formation was generally known, which Joseph Daniel was tried at San Fran- was in a very short time, for the Yankees cisco in the early part of September, for have not divested themselves of their the murder of Peter Petit," by shooting partialy for news even in that distant him through the head. His object was part of the world, a party of about two plunder. A verdict of guilty was ren-1 hundred men, several of them from St.

Somewhat less than ten Postmasters orado river with large quantities of gold, have been appointed in as many weeks but the hostility of the savages prevented succeeding each other with a rapidity the southerners from penetrating into peculiar to the lively state of affairs in [the country. California. A Postmaster is sent to San Francisco with a salary of two thousand dollars, when at the same time the Postroaster General knew, or should have known, that such pay would scarcely furnish clean linen for the incumbent By the last mail from San Francisco not a single letter was there re-mailed for our post office, though the Postmaster hero has forwarded to the post office be low upward of two thousand five hundred names, and has done all to insure the speedy forwarding of letters to his office—-only the letters originaly directed to this point came. We have now a population, in this vicinity and at the neighboring mines, of at least seventeen or eighteen thousand souls, all anxiously looking for letters through the Sacramento post office.

On the extreme south of Upper Cali-

v,. ii* prepared to steal the miners horses, or

-. to murder the careless stragglers from

Colonel Henry Helm, late of i„ r.i jHi camp. In tact, none of the diggers have Onto, aged 43 vcars.

And the subjoined from that paper of except Col. Fremont and a party of 27 the 20th: choice young men under him, who are At Morcedes Diggings, on the 5th inst. now operating in that region. Fpr some Henry Orville Comstock, of Shelburn, time past the opinion has prevailed Vt.. aged 23 years. among the miners, that gold is as abun-

ion where ld

is l0 be found h„s ss been Irod

by lhn fom of lhe whjle'mm

den

,ho di™ing

principa||v

lab|e.|0nd"a,

confined

,,,e stre'ams and a atrip of

the western base of Siown

Mountains. These range from

0f exlenc[ on ne west 0f

probably occasionally crossing the moun-

t|,e

north the gold is found in

pound weight are not

lhe few

uncommon,

adventurers who have

braved the dangers common in a hostile

ventured into the extreme south as vet.

Louis, started over the mountains.— W hat success has attended their labors has not yet transpired. For many years it has been known to the Peruvians and other South American nations. hat the Indians annually descended the Col-

Mr. L. thinks that the discoveries yet to be made of the riches of that mountain region, will actonish the world.— lie related one or two instances of good fortune, oilwhich he was an eye witness. H#e stood by the side of a young man belonging to New York, who went out a volunteer in the regiment from that Slate, and saw him take from a pocket in a large rock four tin panfulls of dirt, from which he washed in a few moments 81,352 worth of gold. He knew a Frenchman who took from a small spot of ground twenty-thousand dollars in twelve days. Six men who turned the American river near the confluence of its two forks, were averaging two thousand dollars per day when Mr. Lacy left,and a gentleman from Boston, who is supplied with a sub-marine armor, which enables him to walk about on the beds of rivers, regardless of water, astonishes every body by the quantities of gold he obtains.

Mr. L. says, notwithstanding the repeated instances of astonishing good fortune, and the general success of those engaged in digging, large numbers of persons are returning to the States, many of them without having worked one entire day in the mines. They are persons who went out last Winter and Spring, supposing they could acquire some thirty or forty-thousand dollars with little labor, and be able to return home again this Fall. They had formed extravagant notions, founded upon the reported success of isolated individuals, and on arriving in the country and ac-

quiring some practical knowledge of the labor necessary to acquire a fortune, they have become disgusted with everything connected with the country, and are at enmity with all who have given iniormation of the mines, considering them interested deceivers,

Obeying Instructions.

The St. Louis Union tells the following story: A good-natured, humorous and honest citizen, not ten thousand miles from Fairfield, Mo., was once left in charge of the public moneys, and acted as deputy receiver in the land office, while the principal officer in the establishment went to St. Louis for the purpose of ma king a deposit. Previous to his departure, the receiver instructed his depuiy how to delect base and spurious money, cautiously telling him, if he was not satisfied with the purity of the money presented, to test it with the aqua fortiskept in the office for that purpose. At this time Missouai paper was received. But a *ew days had elapsed, when a good old honest farmer, wishing to secure himself a home, presented himself at the office, made his entry, came into the august presence of Mr. Deputy Receiver, and put down the money for a quarter section, fifty dollas in specie and, the balance in Missouri paper. The depuiy takes the money, blinks with his little twinkling eyes, examines the bills very cautiously, shakes his head, keeps his winkers travelling—at last thinks of the invaluable test. On the cool hundred and fifty he pours the contents of the aqua fortis bottle, and no sooner was it touched than consumed, and the exclamations of "dod rabbit all." "spurious," "counterfeit," came in rapid succession from the faithful deputy, who stood the personation of wisdom und the detector of spurious money, while a grin of satisfaction could ho seen lighting up his face, as he says to himself, "you can't fool me with your counterfeit, not by a dog'd sight" The receiver paid the $150 upon his return, and the honest deputy to this day thinks he did his duid goes tobed confident that aqua fortis is proof against bad paper as well as silver.

The official history of the Cholera in New "York has been published by the sanitary committee, with an appendix, comprising the report of Dr. Geer, resident physician, of Prof. Elliott on the analysis of the. atmosphere, and of the physicians of tho hospitals:

The duration of the disease, with the exception of isolated cases introduced into the city from emigrant vessels, was 142 days, viz: from the lOtli of May to October 1. The number of persons admitted into tho five postitals was 1901, viz: males 985. females 616. Deaths 1021. cured 800. Per ceninge of cures 46.29, of deaths 53.71. The number deaths by d^eases of the bowels, inclu ding cholera^is thus given in a table complied from the City Inspector's week Iv returns, the total mortality being 15 219

CholeraCholera infantum. Cholera morbus. Diarhrita. Disenterv. Inflam. stomach and bowels.

Toial mor. from bowel com. 8,086 Dr. Wells rtates that of 275 patients received into the 13th street hospital, 11 were habitual drundarks. 59 occasional drinkers, 70 temperate, while of 35 the habits were unknown.

Prof. Elliot reports, says the Journal of Commerce, that after numerous and various experiments, he could discover no foreign matter in the atmosphere which could be regarded as the source of disease. He could find no substance present in the air capable of producing the chemical effects aitributed to 'ozone. And, moreover, the investigation con vinced him that the experiments of those European chemists who have announced the production by artificial means, of such anew form of matter [as ozone] or such a modified or "allo-ropic" condition of those forms previously known to us, are unsatisfactory.

Assaying metals.

The assaying is the most curious and scientific of all the business in the mint The melters take the gold dust, melt it. and cast it into a bar, when it is weighed accurately, and. a piece cut off for the assayer. He takes H, melts it with twice its weight of silver, and several times its weight of lead. It is melted in small cups made of bone ashes, which absorb all the lead a large part of the silver is extracted by another process, and the samplei^ffien rolled out to a thin, shaviog, coiled up, and put in a sort ofglass vial called a maurass, with some nitric acid. The maurasses are put in a furnace, and the acid is boiled some time poured off, a new supply put in, and boiled again. This Is done several times, till the acid has extracted all the silver and other mineral substances, leaving the sample»of pure gold. The sample is then weighed, and, by the difference between the weight before assaying and after, the true value is found. All the silver over and above five pennyweights tar each lot, is paid for by the mint at its true value. The gold, after it has been assayed, is melted, re-fined, and being mixed with its due proportion of alloy, is drawn into long strips, (not unlike an iron hoop for a cask,) the round pieces cut out with a sort of punch, each piece weighed and brought to right size, and pot into a

whence it comes forth

Scitntyk America*.

stamping press,

perfect ctkih—

From the St. Jjrmit KepMnxni.

Emigration to California. Of late, we have received several letters from the country, asking for information in relation to the facilities of getting to California, and the probable charges, &c. by way of Panama. As it may serve as a general answer to these inquiries. we proceed to give such facts as are within our reach.

From New York to Chkf^ th£re are two lines of vessels, making, as near as they can do, regular trips. One of these packets, the Ohio, is commanded by Lt. James. F. Schenck, U. S. Navy. She is a new steamer, and is splendidly fitted up. She is now out on her first trip. Leaving New York about the middle of each month, she touches at Charleston and Savannah, and thence proceeds to Havanna, where her passengers are transferred to the steamer Falcon. Lt. Hartstene, U. S. Navy, commander.— Hence they proceed direct to Chagres, where passengers are expected to arrive in time for the monthly steamers from Panama to San Francisco. As to the pricc of fare, an advertisement of this ves-el fixes the following rates: From New York to Chagres—state room berth in ladies' or dining saloons, SMOO standee berth, in second cabin, §80 steerage berth, found in hed, and board. §50. Passengers in the rabin are allowed 250 pounds baggage, and 200 pounds in the steerage. Freight to Chagres, 60 cents per cubic foot.

The steamer Crescent City and Empire City, two fine class steamers, also form a lino direct from New York to Chagres, leaving New York nbout the 1st and 15th of every month. The Empire City is advertised for the 1st of December. The rate of fare between the two ports is thus stated in a recent advertisement: After-saloon, only 2 berths in state rooms, $126 forward-saloon, state rooms, $100 lower cabin, $90— all these passengers dining at the same talile and having the privilege of the saloons: steerage, found with mattress and hoard, $65. These are the advertised charges, hut there have been cases recently, in which the number of applicants for passage were so numerous that chances were disposed of by auction, nnd heavy advances were paid upon these prices. In all cases, passengers should take through tickets that is, tickets from New Y'ork to San FrancisCQ—for, unless this is done, they are liable to impositions and great delay at Panama, in getting passage on the line of steamers from that port to San Francisco. At all cvoius, this has been the ease,and is likely to be so for some timo to come, and until there is competition in steam navigation on the Pacific.

On arriving at Chagres,the emigrant makes the best bargain he can for the transportation of himself and his plunder overland to Panama. The facilities in this case have been much improved, and if a keen trader, he can secure such prices as are not,exorbitant.

From Panama to San Franeisco, there is a regular line of mail steamers, advertising to make monthly trips, but they are not very regular in doing so. The line is composed of the Panama, the Oregon and California—all new and substantial vessels. The last tariff of prices of passage, is thus statod:

From Panama to San Bias or MazatIan—cabin •'§225, steerage $100. From Panama to San Diego—cabin steerage 8125.

From Pnmtma to San Francisco—cabin $300, steerage $150. Passengers in the steerage arc found only with such rations as are furnished to the crow, and must provide their own bedding. •.

Passengers in tho aher-cabins are fur nished bedding, but not wines and Ii quors, and will be allowed spaco for per sonal baggage free, to the extent of 250 pounds weight, not exceeding in measurement ten cubic feet. Freight on ex tra baggage or merchandise when taken per ton, and one and a half per cent on spccie.

Packages Should not exceed 125 lbs weight for mule carriage. We cannot find in the New York advertisements, that it is contemplated that either of the steamers shall touch at New Orleans, on the voyage to Chagres, but this difficulty may be obviated by taking passage in the Falcon to Havanna, and there getting on board the New York steamer^ or, by taking passage on the steamer Alabama, running directly from New Orleans to Chagres. In either case, the passage from New Orleans is to be taken into the account of cost, and there may be delay at Panama, unless the passenger has a through ticket. This is apparent from the fact stated in our columns this morning, that, at the time of the departure of the Falcon, on the 30th ult. from Chagres. there were 1300 persons on the Isthmus, bound for Californis—of whom not more than 300 could be crowded into the Oregon, to leave on the 7ih inst.

From these data, inquirers can tell what ii will cost to get to California, from Missouri or Illinois—adding price of passage from St. Louis to New Orleans, and a very considerable per cent age for extras* which will meet them at every turn. One of our correspondents asks us, what he ought to take with him on such an adventure? If he must go, and has no calling which will' afford htm a

comfortable living at home, we can

®nly advise him to take himself there, with just so much clothing as will keep him warm—no extra baggage, nor anything that will incommode him. As to provisions, they are about as cheap there as in some pans of the States, and there is probability enough of everything to cat, to drink and to wear, to answer

•s. J-i ii :j jjji 11

a $ A jJ-fasV *.'/ -nl Wa-rtifM .'^

=======

WHOLE NO. 897.

all California for two or three years tfj come—if sufch. property can be kept sd long. Once there, the only way to better one'sfcortdition—to makemoritey and keep it—is to off coat and at it—work, work, work, all the while—avoiding the grog-shops and gambling-houses, .and speculating in tbwii lots^ for thousands will fail in these enterprises where one grows rich. So .soon as fortune has favored you, by putting a few thousands of the gold dust in your pockets, come home like sensible man, and lead a sober, industrious and civilized life, if you can—for there arc many things in California to make a bad man of you, if you are weak enough to, yield to temp* tation.

The Vineyards of France. Thfe New Orleans Bulletin, ib an article on Wines, says:

"France enjoys the rfcfiest vegetable gifts of the Creator, 'corn, oil and wine,' in the greatest abundance. She is tho vineyard of the earth. From the Moselle and Champaine of the North, to the Launel alid Frontignac of the Southern provinces, some four millions of acres ttre in a vineyard. ThG product is valued at over twenty-two millions sterling. Bordeaux atone exports fifty thousand pipes. The oldest vineyards are those of Champagne. Their excellence was famous in the 14th century. when the King of Bohomia, visiting France to negotiate a trertty with Charles VI, first lasted the nectarious draught tit Rheims. Afkr spinning out his treaty as long as he could, he gave up all that was required in order to prolong his stay and luxuriate on champagne dinners. „tiu "The banks of tho Miirne tire 'rrtoSt celebrated for champagno, and soriw twenty-six millions of gallons bro grown in ihe arondisscments of Chalons, Vitry, Rheims, and Epernay. The best vineyards cultivate only the black grapo tho red champagne of Bouzy, and tho white of Sillery, which last comes from the blackest grape.named after the soli* being the best. These choice varioties are chiefly monopolized in Paris and London, though plenty of the! brand may bo found in all our taverns., Tlip coloring matter is only in the slfin, as all pulps Mres the same. Inferior qualities are chiefly owing to difference of site and soil, ihe treatment being in nil cases alike. The rose-colored champagno, (which connisseurs abroad never drink when they can get any other.) though sometimes colored by ihe skin, is generally tinged with red wine or elderberry juice. The finest varieties are usually in perfection after tlireo years' cellaring but they do not loso in delicacy for even ten or twenty years. In calculating profits, the merchants alloW a largo per centuge, from tlireo to fogr per ccnt.,for breakage from the effervescence in July and August, lt was recently reported that M. Mhet, of Epernay, had some sixty thousand botties stored in his solid limestone cellars— cellars not subject even to the vil of the pavements. "Tho varieties of the vine are innumerable they have a thousand in France alone. But wc are unable to trace i|s history the wild plant is lost, like the parent slock of tho wheat. Both came, doubtles, from the East pud both, lil^c every other good thing, have followed the star of empiro westward, and wo already have the 'com and wine* of tlio Rhine on the banks of the Ohio. Seventy kinds of native vines have been enumerated, and cultivation is naturalizing tho choicest clusters of sunny Franco."

—-—-—-—-—-—-—-

Tbo Ch^ef Libraries of Europe, If the nrincipnl Librnriea of the »cveral citim of Europe fx: nrrnnnci in tho order of thrnr respective magnitude, tiwy will utaud as follow*

30, ilayno, Rornl Library. 31. Poria (4), Mazarine Library,

Bologna. Univeraity Library. 9. Prague. University Library. 10. Vienna, Univemity Library. 11. Leipsic, University Librrfry. 12. Copenhagen. University Library. 13. Ttnin, Ufmersiiy Librnry. 14. Louvain, University Library. 1ft. Dublin, Trinity College Library. 15. Upsal, University Library. 17 Krlangen. University Library. 18. Edinburgh, University Library.

Vol tunes. 884,000 600,000

1. Paris (1), Nnfrtinnl Libfaty. 2. Mtinjch, Royal Library. .'J. Petersburg!), Imperial Library 446,000 435.000 412,000 410,000 313,000 300,000 200,000 200,nm 187,000 180,000 170,000 190,000

4. London, Briti»h M««cii/n Library ft. Copenhagen, Koynl Library. ft. Berlin, Koyol tAhrnry. 1. Vienna, Imperial Library.. 8. Dresden, Royal Library. 9. Madrid, National Library. 10. Wolfenbottcl, Ducol Library. 11. Stiittganl, Royal Library. 12. Paris (2). Arwnol Library. 13. Milan, Brero Library. 14. Paris (3), St. Genoviev# Library, 15. Darmstadt, Grand Ducril Library. j50,000 J6. Morence. Magliabftcehtatr Library/''1 150,000 17. Naples, JloyalLibrory.,, 18. -Brunei*, Royal Librarjl, 19. RomeO),Casannte Library,'

(us-, 160,000 133,500 1&,OO0 100,000 =100,000 100.000 100,000

22. Rome (2), Vatican Library. 23. Parma. Ducal library. The d'if University Libraries may be ranked in the following order: TT 1. Gottineen. university Library, 2. Bre*l«u, University Library. 3. Oxford, Bodleian Library. 4. Tabigen. University Library. ft. Munich, University Library. t?i 6. Hcidelburg, University Library.7. CinibHd«. Public Library.

360,000 2iw,d)() [220,000 200,000 .'WOflOO 200,000 "166,724 wiso^XJO 130.000 115.000 112,000 110,000 mooo 105,000

rH4,2M

100,000 i.W^OO JQ

THE REWARD or PATRIOTISM.—The following is stated to be the ennd/fion df some of the liberal leader?of Europe Mazlni is supporting himself by editing a Review. Garib arrived in Piedmont one sfirrt and a half a ir. after etldnrrng the greatest hardships, ilenrn, rtf Venice, is now common labornr. A^nraans has retnrhdd W N. Ycrrk poorer thin he left it. Tbe ex-ehanceilor ni Sicily si* orta himself as a paragraph writer for oac of Paris journals. Morrast ia not worth a sotta. Cavahrttal'baa nothrbf but his pay, Louis Blanc lives hi* pen. Lsmsrtine drodgea with his pen for a isfenee, snd Caussidme sells wises ID London to the s^bo sadirM

Tho *ondivigjf»tl two-fhirds' of ihff famous,koown the world as the Nattfral Bridge of Virginia, i* offered for «tleby auction in the Richmond Whig. It is recommended as an unrivaled sjiot for a tavern-stand.