The Wabash Courier, Volume 11, Number 50, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 19 August 1843 — Page 2

Page PDF (13.33 MB)

Back to issue view

Pr.jl

•m-

-Ikf

FOREIGN NEWS.

EXTRACTS FROM I1IB tATEST PO«nti'ir ira^ py

THE BRITISH PARLIAMENT.- v, In the House of Lords, on the evening of the 18th, this business was quite /^imp^n* to

the

Canadian and United States Reader and in the Commons there was no ,hwa* there being only J9 members

PARLIAMENT, Monday.—In the House of Lords, Lord Aberdeen's-bill respecting the admission to benefices in the Church of Scotland after some opposition on pit of Cottenhamand

Campbell, read a third ume

and passed. The House of Commons was engaged in committee on on^ clause of the arms biH for upwards of three hours, and eventually

the

whole subject was adjourned.

The motion of Mr. C. Wood for a reduction of the duty on wool, Wpegatived by a majority of 1%

It appears from a return just laid before Parliament, on the motion of Mr. Thornely, that tho exports of British goods to the United States of America, in the year 1842,

%vere

less in value by the sum of nearly Twelve Hundred Thousand Pounds than they were in any previous year since 1833, and that they were less by more than one-half than the average annual exports of the nine preceding years, the average yearly exports from 1833 to 1842, (both years inclusive,) being the value of £7,880,000, whilst those of 1842 were not of more value than £3,528,807. This alarming decline in the largest branch of the foreign trade of the country, we regret to say, is not confined to a few or even to several articles, but extends to all, with the single exception of tin and tinned piate». ii^rf

THE REVENUE.—The general balanco for the year shows an increase in the total revenue of the country to the amount of £2,442,942, ns compared with tho year ending July 5, 1842. This, however, is not to be taken as the absolute increase because in this sum is included the property tax, amounting for the yeor to £3,317,987, and the money received from China, which being given under the head of "Miscellaneous," cannot be stated with accuracy, but which must amount to at least a million sterling. These two items being deducted, it will be found that on the ordinary sources of revenue for the year, the decrease is nearly one million nine hundred thousand pounds.

During the half yonr ending the 31st of May lust, 434 vessels from foreign ports entered the London docks, and the imports were 90,586 ions—a decrease of 7,833 tons compared with 1842. •,

SCOTLAND.

A very singular phenomenon was observed on Friday, the 7th ult, at LSith. At the time of low water, the tide suddenly rose about six inches, rushing into the harbor, and in a fow minutes it again receded with equal velocity.

At a meeting held last tfreek in Edinburgh, Professor Johnson, of Durham, was appointed agricultural chemist for Scotland, at a salary of £500 a year, besides fees from subscribers. His duty will be to analyze soils and manures, and give advice and information to farmers.

CHURCH OP SCOTLAND.—Tho Gazetto of Friday evening contains six crown presentations to parishes vacated by non-intrusionists. There will probably be a similar list for several weeks, and many young men who had no chance of living for years, wilt thus be comfortably provided for by tho lato secession. They may well say, "It is a bad wind that blows nobody good."

DIED.—On Thursday, the 6th instant, at Edinburgh, aged 77, the Right Hon. the Earl iLof

GlttvSgow.

hirc"

His Lordship is succeeded by

his oldest son, Lord Kelburn, M. P. for Ayr-

»IRELAND. mUHm

Our Dublin Correspondent, under date 16th of July, writes us:—"Twenty-nine orangemen of Stewardstown, Tyrone county, havo joined the National Repeal Association. In an address to Mr. O'Connell, they express their deep sympathy for their suffering country, and their confidence in him to obtain her National Independence without violating tho indcpendenco or liberties of his Protestant countrymen. This movemont has created an astounding sensation in tho North. The Tory journals talk of "traitors," "turncoats," "treason," and "bribery," and denounce the orange'Ttixalers as little better than cutthroats. In the meantime, the repeal movements gains strength, and all dosses begin to look upon it as the only thing to savo their sinking country."

Tho apprehensions for the Irish crops, Caused bjr tho late rains, seem to hnvo been entirely removed by tho very favorable change in tho weather. The grain crops now promise well. J,'

The Irish legal world has lost one of its most illustriou%»mombers, in the Right Hon. Charles Kendall, Bushe, late Chief Justice of tho Court of Queen's Bench. He died on Friday at the house of his son, Mr. Thomas Bushe, Furrey, Rahney. JU

Tho cost of making the fire-arms in ireland under the proposed actt will not excced ono half-penny per stand.

Thoro has been an immense falling ofF in tho amount of emigration from Ireland this season, nnd this decline has been observable at 'all tho outports. In Londonderry, for instance, the number of emigrants for British Amcrica and the United States, during the months of April, May, and June, last year, was 4,518. This year it has been only ,987, showing a foiling off at this single gort of 2,531, notwithstanding the increased facilities afforded to the emigrant this year, both by reduced passage money, and the* government allowances of one pound of bread to cach emigrant per day.

The Borneo, second trip to Quebec this senson, left Limerick on Monday 212 passengers onboard rag

FRANCE.

The Ctmrier Branca is says"It is confidently stated that M. Guixot Has offered the portfolio of the Marine and Colonies to Count d* Argout, governor of the Bank of France. This gentleman has already filled the same post.

The whole of the French import duties amonnted in the first five months of 1841 to 48,587,000f., in the same period of 18411 to 54,689,637f-, and in 1813 to 57,87l,968f.

According to a communication made by M. Argo to the Academy of Sciences at Paris, cm the 5th, a contract has been entered into by Messrs. Baring & Co., of Loqfloi* with iho Republic of New Grenada, in virtue of which, the Republic is to cede to them the

line required for the projected canal across the Isthmus of Panama, with 80,000 acres of land on the two banks, and 400,000 acres in the interior of the country. Messrs. Baring & Co. had. it is said in the first instance, fixed the amount of toll for the navigation of the can!*I at the price of 18 francs per ton but they have reduced

it to 8 francs. The

work, upon which from 4,000 to 5.000 nien are to be engaged, is to be completed in4ive years.'#

:i'

TheJfational gives a report of the toasts and speeches made at the banquet held in Paris to celebrate the destuction of the Bastile, as well as the sympathies for Ireland expressed as an episode to tho banquet.

M. Ledru-Rollin proposed a subscription for Repeal, in a very warm speech, to which the National tells us, a general movement succeeded. The National, however, does not teHNus the amont of the subscription. "Late in the evening M« Marrest invited M. Ledru Rolllin to proceed to Ireland, and acquaint the association committee "how much French hearts were moved"in their behalf. M. Ledru Rollin accepted the mission.

GERMANY. \.

PIIOM THE RHINE, JULY 10.—We hear that the Brazillian govern met has no only expressed its readiness to enter into a commercial treaty with Germany, but also to favor the manufactures of Germany above those of England and France. To this end the goverment, it is said, had ordered an inquiry to be made into the commercial relations between the two countries, the result of which must be favorable to Germany, since the imports of Brazilian goods to

Germany exceed the

English by nearly one-half, and the French by about two-thirds, while the German exports to Brazil are to the English as one to fifteen,and to the French as one to ten. Belgium too, hopes to oltain eopnmercial advantages from Brazil, which will likewise be important to Germany, as what Germany wants of colonial produce from Brazil, would doubtless come by way of Belgium, which would lead to a closer connection between that country and Germany.

GOTIIA, July 4.—The Duke of Coburg Gotha has ordered that in the Duchy of Gotha no new buildings shall have roofs of straw, reeds or shingles. All such roofs which now exist must bo removed in five years.

KONIJJGSBURG, July 4.—The elders of the Jewish community in this city have lately sent an address to his Majesty the Emperor of Russia, in which they request him to revoke the ukase of the 2d of May, by which the Jews who livo on the frontiers of Russia and Austria are ordered to removed to the interior ofithe empire. r"

SPAIN.

Tho intelligence from Spain leaves no doubt that the fato of the Regent is sealed. Madrid is in a state ofsiego. lie proposes to keep open his communication, it is stated, with Saragossa and Cadiz—if he can. The advance guard of Curbano had entered Sarngossa, when that General was expccted the following day with ten battalions. Madrid was peaceable, but as for the Regent, he is what the French papers call him. —a lost man.

Poor Espartero, enfeebled by disease and hunted on to sink. A fate is certain disinterested but iherq. is unhappily but fittle disinterested patriotism in Spain.

Poor Espartero, enfeebled by disease ai every side like a wild boar, seems likely brave man struggling with the storms of lo command tne sympathy of the diain

Eim

The Journal des Debate states that the last accounts from Barcelona announces that the Supreme Junta, im*

atient of tho delay of General Castro, had ordered to operate with more activity and resolution. On the 38th ult. General Zurbano retreated, and did not halt until he rcached Lerida. Such was the state of demoralization among the troops that Zurbano and his officers were obliged lo place themselves in the rear-guard, and to fores the soldiers to march at the point of the sword.

General Serrano has promulgated decree which deposes the Regent, nnd relieves all Spaniards from tho oaths of allegiance they have made him.

Only seventeen out of the forty-eight provinces of Spain remained faithful to the Regent, the only important towns amongst them being Madrid, Badajos, Cadiz, Ferrol, and £»ragosaa.

Aspiroz with his troops was at the gates of Madrid. The armed mob and National Guard exchanged shots with Aspiroz's troops. It was expected that Narvaez would be before Madrid on the 15th, as well as the troops from Estramadura. The Regent continued his retrograde march in Andalusia. He was at Baylen, near Andujar. f$3

TURKEY.

The Augsbury Gazette of the 4th inst., states, that the Servain revolution has been stopped by the re-elec-tion on the 27th ult of Princo Alexandria Kara Georgewitch. The election was legalized, as far SB the Porte is concerned by tho presence of Hafix Pacha, and afl for as Russia had a right to appear by the presence of Baron Diaven and the Consul Wutschontsko.

Extraordinary efforts it is said are being mode by the Porte, to bring fbrward troops to the ^encampments at Constantinople and Adrianople, and it was expccted lhat within a month 200,000 men would be collected. The reason for so large a collcclion of troops was rather a mystery the Turkish Government affirming that the sole object to introduce among the troops a better system of organization.

RUSSIA.'"*

The celebrated Field-Marshal, Count Wittgenstein, died at St. Petersburgh, on the 16th ultimo, at the advanced ago of 87. He was, as will be remembered, Commander-in-Chief of the Russian armies during nearly the whole of the late French war, and enjoyed the confidence of the Emperor Alexander, perhaps, in a higher degree than any other of that monarch's ministers or warriors. The Emperor, upon being informed of it, gave immediate orders thai the whole Russian army should wear mourning for three days., ,•

CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

Advices of the 6th of May, contain the copy of a minute laid before the Legislative Council of the colony by the governor, respecting Port Natal, announcing that her Majesty's Government had decided upon taking the emigrant farmers under the protection of the British Crown, ot recognizing their district, of adopting ita British colony. An amnesty is to be granted to the several persons concerned in the late revolt and stuck upon her Majesty's ttpope.

CHINA AND INDIA.

Sir Henry Fottinger, it is said, has applied to the home Government for his speedy recall. The Govern

ment. however, we now hear, is unwilling to dispense with his services, sad his Excellency will, therefore, remain some time longer in Chin*. We likewise bear it mid that the supreme control over tbe-whole of the British naval and military force ia China has been pla

S a

Her Msjwty* steam-ship Vixen armed at Hong Kong from Bofttbtv and Smgsportou Ttorsdsy,, the 16th «»f March, and cast anchor in Macao roads a IttUe alter midnight. Lieut. Col. Malcolm, who bean royal ratification of the treaty, has arrived in her, and landed on the 17th of March.

The remains of Sir William Macnagbten ars interred in the new burial ground at Calcutta, and a public cenotaph is to be erected to his memory.

THE TOMB OF If APOI.EOH. The committee of the French Chambers have reported in favor of opening a credii of a million and a half of francs, in addition to the half million already granted, for the construction of the tomb of the Emperor Napoleon. The tomb is to be built in the wrm of a vault—tiiiabeing theonly foracalculated tobarmoaise with the architecture of the dome of the Chunk— The vault wilt admit of preserving ia dto dome the historical stamp oi the era of Loam the Fourteenth. To be renafered mm

to be elevated several *bore the gronnd. The committee hure requested the Minute* of the Intenor lo have m»«i«Mo the granite or porphjrry ot Corswa lor the nchag^and for the lining of the masonry to the maSJrfsoma of the d^enments France, which, they j**o'y raneei inferior to that of Italy, and can be procured stnwch loss expense. A severe .®j»«mg mmpUcitT istobethe prominent charsttenetK of the my«uient. Tbc sata»e, together with ail the pna^naed ornamentsand inscriptions, bas been rejected. Nothing

www—

will be engrawd on it bat the name of

DEBT OF PEIflfSYLVAMA.

Nicholas Biddle, Esq.. -has addressed a long Je ter to the editor of the Pennsylvania Inquirer, on the subject of the debt of Pennsylvania, in which he undertakes to, point out thin mode by wJiich foreign creditors can sue tie State, and Sell its property in discharge of the Slate bonds, v^e asserts— "lst. Th«^y the Constitution of the Untied Slates, therp is created a tribunal wholly independent of the State, to dccide all questions between Pennsylvania and any other foreign State. 2d. That before that tribunal, judgment can be obtained for every dollar of principal and interest of these Pennsylvania bonds, and that all the property of the State can be seized and sold, to satisfy that judgment, just as if it belonged to the humblest citizen and 3d. That all the other tweritv-five States are bound lo carry into execution—-by arms, if necessary—the judgment of lhnt tribunal against Pennsylvania.

And he ably sustains these positions by facts nnd arguments. He quotes from the Constitution of the United States, and from the opinion Of Chancellor Kent to prove, that there are (three distinct Classes of political persons capable of suing Pennsylvania—the U. States—any sister State—^nd any for* eign State." Fie then goes on to shew how easily a foreign government can acquire the bonds of the State, and thus become entitled to enter suit—and then proceeds. "Suppose then any one of these foreign States brings a suit against the Stateof Pennsylvania in the Supreme Court of the United States, on one of tlie bonds issued by the Slate To ihe jurisdiction of the Court, there can of course be no objection—that being the precise tribunal which the State itself has, bj| the Constitution, chosen as the arbiter of these very differences. The bond is produced. There is the seal of the State—there are the signatures of the proper officers—there is the promise of the State to pay so much money with interest at stipulated periods. The money is unpaid, and judgment is demanded. Now, before the Supreme Court of the United States, Pennsylvania may plead against the payment of the bond any thing which any private man may plead against the payment of his bond, to show its invalidity, and if any such be proved, the State wil^ be relieved from payment. But no plea which would not release a private citizen would be of the slightest avail to the State. More especially would the absurd pretension, that the State had too much dignity to h$4'&» honest, and as a sovereign hnd a right 4ft cheat its neighbors, be laughed to scorn.— The only form in which an opposition to '.he claim might appear, would be some subsequent act of Pennsylvania, disavowing the loan, or repealing the loan law, or declaring that they never would pay the debt. To such an act of the Legislature, the natural answer would be, that Pennsylvania had by the Constitution agreed thut "no State should pass any law impairingthtf obligation of contracts that if it could not impair tho contracts of others, still less could it impair its own and that the bond being a contract by the State binding itself to pay money, was beyond the control of the Legislature. The Supreme Court has so decided again and again. When the Legislature of Georgia in 1795 sold a body of lands, and the next year declared the sale void, as having been obtained by fraud, the Supreme Court would not permit the State to recall its grant when the land had been fairly bought by a real purchaser, declaring thai the State is as much inhibited from impairing its own contracts, or a«orttract to which it is a party, as it is from impairing the obligation of contracts between two individuals.' For the same reason the court anntiled a law of New Jersey in 1802, taxing certain lands which the colonial Legislature of 1758 had agreed with the Indians should not be tax6d—the Court declaring that the first law was a contract which the second had no right lo impair. So they annulled the law of New Hampshire which violated tho colonial contract with the Dartmouth College. So in a case from Kentucky, decided that "the State had no more power to impair an obligation into which she herself had entered, than she had to impair the contracts of individuals.' "That this spirit of the Supreme Court is unbroken, was shown at this very last session a few months ago—when annulled as unconstitutional a law of the State of Illinois, requiring an appraisement of lands taken in execution. ... "You may judge then, how unavailing before such a tribunal wouid be any effort of Pennsylvania to plead its own revocation of its own acts, or its own sovereignty, or this newest nonsense of repudiation. Judgment is of courso given in favor of the foreign State. Execution follows, and the Marshal of the United States seizes and sells all the property of the Stale all the Canals and Railroads belonging to her are first sold, then all her public lands, the Eastern and Western Penitentiaries, the State House, all sold by the Marshal. Then as the taxes are paid into tho State Treasury, they will of course be attached to pay tho debt, and the State may be divested of its property. This seems incredible to our ignorant vanity. But is it not perfectly right Ought the State Legislature to defraud its citizens with impunity, to retain the property of others, and laugh at their distresses! Nor is it at all probable that any foreign State would incur the least odium by thus sustaining the rights of its subjects. Recollect that tho

upward*

ooMptawMS, the sarcophagyis

him

wboy

renown it is erected to wmmMwrate.Nwr the tomb are to be deposited the sword ofthe Empen*r, b»s hat, lbs imperial crown, the crown «f iron, and ifce grand decoration of the Legion of honor winch be wore at St. Helena. The view of theae re*». of iusftiory, and his the «pe*Wi«»g wfm^ea of h« decay-will e*di» dew* wwt froager«Mwi* Utsa eO Oi* allegories wdMs reWs that scalper ever chtoekd.-IV

Legislature owos

of ointl millions of this very debt lo

Pennsylvania, whv P&Opot sue, and who wtfl be verv grateful to foreigners WJJO CAN SU©, they will enforce their rights. Because there is not the slightest fear lhat the quarrel will be carried to extremities, for the moment Pennsylvania perceives that she must payyihe will prepare to pay, and of cqufpe, J**#*1 alike—her own citizens as well as foreigners. Besides, there are in Pennsylvania quite enough true men, and bold men, to force the State Legislature to save the Commonwealth from disgrace,

Perry Howe, ed

Aa EMTQS tx rmt Sw?t.—Mr. 6 iiorof the Dollar Democrat" pui MiaeisHppi, thus b«nmo«sty describes bors ana the irsaTt ot hu wife's. *W« b«vs been particularly engaged dpring

published at Oxford, oi hiai*

pfcrsictorical dimiiwwent. we ate unable to usoetet Keifs sheet to-dsv. Fine boy fiat sod oasey very image of bis f»ppy J""** astoowbmj babe a is qstn bowl ofmaab mat day, and squall© for moot lirety aaa «*U grows* pooad a msw. doing wtsraMy *e»l so* Ms tmmmri hwi *J*» {time oeX ilope oar aafascabscs Witt sxesns ss. D«M*« 1 bsppsn bat ooce ytu*

this week, in the baby I we catting up domestic mt* stipe of suitable eis* and shape preparing lard sad beeswax, nap, &c- washing dwbes keeping a small «n»7ofr^« H*w«s frooTrauinc .hedeVfl fand MAerwtee domestically amosing oaraetf: in conerqaeoc*- |v paid Mas their respects, of wbich interesting, philosophical, pteiaaiiiropical and

iitfUssaiy^&i

fnm tit Winting Timet.

.. CANALS. Although a majority of the population of the world is engaged in the cultivation of the earth, and that occupation is most natural the amount of money expended upon it is little manifest compared with that lavished upon commerce, or intended to transport the productions of the earth either in their natite state, or manufactured to a point of consumtirion. For the purpose of~facilttating -the interchange of produce aiid merchandize, canals were early suggested, projected and constructed.

Accient Egypt, when in its earliest And brightest days, is represented as being intersected with canals, for the transportation of produce and mefchandh» as well as irrigation. The effort also by the Ptolemies to connect the waters of the Nile and the Red Sea, by means of a cannl is a matter of history. Greece, though small in territory, and intersected by bays navigable streams, had a few and short dUrtta. As slow as we suppose the progress 6r China to have been in the arts, or in any enterprise to improve the condition of man, China early had her canals and some of immense length.. That between Pekin' and Canton is said to be 1,660 miles long, though a small portion of that distance was actually excavated, the remainder being formed by navigable streams, which were improved and adapted to the purpose.

The canals of Italy were the first of modern Europe, though partially designed for irrigation, were also much used in travel and commerce. The Grand canal from Milan to Tesino was as early as 1271. The Dutch are famous for their canals. Holland is intersected with innumerable canals, which are used for all the purposes of our roads and highways, being constantly thronged not only with heavy laden boats, but pleasure barges and travelling equipages. When the ca--HpU are frozen over they are used as roads for carts, sledges, &c. while the travel is principally performed on skaits. The entire length of the canals of Holland, is about 400 miles, and the annual revenue from them jG250,000. The canal from Amsterdam to Holder, a distance of 50£ miles, is one of the greatest works of the kind in the world. It a 124£ feet in width at the surface of the water and 36 at the bottom—20 feet in depth, is a dead levol and receives its supply of water from the ocean, rising and falling with the tide. The Holstein canal in Denmark is also of great dimensions. It connects the North Sea with the Baltic, and enabltm vessels pass from one to the other in a distance of about 100 miles. The length of this canal is* but 26 miles, yet tho advantages to commerce by it are immense.

The canal between the Baltic and the Cat* egat through the kingdom of Sweden, is a work very important to that nation, and one of no little expenso and labor. The first portion of this from the river Gotha, around the falls of Trolghaeta, is three miles in length and cost £86,000, it is principally through .solid rock, and at one point the excavation is to the depth of 72 feet. The ehannel is wide and deep enough for vessels of 100 tons burthen. The balance of the canal through Sweden is of the samo dimensions.

The canal of Languedoc, is the most magnificent work of the kind in France, intended to connect the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. It is 64 leagues in length with 6 feet of water, and at its summit is 600 feet above the level of the sea. There are other im mense canals in France, such as the Centre, St. Quentin, the Besancon, die. In Prussia, 4jraod canal connecting the Elbe, the Oder and Vistula, and through them North and Bal t|c seas, is a work of great enterprise and labor. By this, and the canal between the Oder and the Havel, with the navigable rivers of Prussia, a chain of navigable water has been formed throughout the country. The inland navigation of Russia, is very great in Extent and importance. In Hungary two exlonsive canals* have been constructed but those of Spain are of minor importance, it having been* considered sinful to improve the works of God in that way, until near the close of the last century.

England and Scotland have no less than tiinety canals, and notwithstanding that at iention has been for some years turned almost entirely upon railroads, they have genielded a good per centage. -Various

canals^ave also been constructed in Ireland, but thesi works as well us all others in that poor country, have languished since the "Union." i?

In the t3. States canals have rapidly progressed, until within a few years, New York t&nd Pennsylvania havo each about 500 miles, and there are scarcely any of the Slates which have not some canals, short or long.— The works have, however, in this country as Well as England, France and Hussia, been principally abandoned for the more speedy conveyance of railroads and we have no doubt, but these last will, in a few years, out:*trip canals in number, miles, and value of stock.

PRODUCE AT MONTREAL. The trade of Canada with the Western States in produce has been quite limited this season, as will be seen by the aggregate receipts at Montreal. The receipts of Pork and Beef at Montreal up to July 27th, this year were 6,6*25 barrels—last year for cor* responding period. 90,641 barrels. Flour this year 153,611 barrels—last year for same time 823,767 barrels. Grain this year 51,838 bnshels-^Jast year to July 27th, 266,509. The falling off is very great, and must seriously curtail the Commerce of the Province. A corresponding decrease in produce receipts wd oresume exists in the. other Canadian markets* St* little produce las been shipped to Europe froiD CWda the present season. The clearances of Flour from Montreal up to July 27th were, for London 5r244 bbls for Liverpool 15,856 bbls for Clyde and outports 15,192 bbls,—Clev. Bier.

3 JFrtm tkt Utica Gmetu vf W*dnestdag. •, JOB* QDIUCT Atuxs—At nine o'clock Mr. Adams visited the Female Acsdemy. He wss introduced to ibeseboot by Joshua A. Spenee, Esq., sad raade a few appropriate remarks in reply. Be then proceeded to the weedier House in front of which a large concourse, from the city sad the sommnding eonntry, had aaembled. He was tntrodnoed by Hon- E. Bacon, in behalf of the committee, mad

rapiied ia aspect* of neariy

three quarters ot an boor On Ins ed b»m when be had to As drawing room, where several honored persons I im ibeir respects. Ia the afternoon an exctir madets alaoes of interest in dm rie inity the natic Asiynae, lbs York Mills, &c received thecal Is of Urge number of ta

nners ot an bottr. sumsresneeon die portico the maltitade greetwith enthusiastic elisors, which wees npcstsd ehsd finished bis remsrfcs. Aitse IfciK be retired

minify

SUM Lena tic Aslywa, lbs York Milts, In the Isne dknafihe boase of A- B. Johnson, Esq.

Mr. Adams wilt kstv« in the can for tbe East, st 10 titis maraing. sod wilt donbtless most st the UMmine cordial demonstrations of

tfsspsct and sflsctisir wfadi hsvs t&as tu

attfiKladliua ... ..

CHURCH OF SCOTLAND* The nature of the controversy now going on with the Church of Scotland is one which must awaken interest* It should therefore be understood,r Th^ following is ajagidensed statement.:—"

Many of the "livings" of the Cliurcfi are in the gift of Individuals so lhat, without consulting the wishes of a parish, the patron may appoint whom ho win as its minister. But it is an elementary principle of the Church that thS presby tery is the sole judge of tho qualifications of the pastors, and no call can be sent or received but through that body. Here is Ihe point of conflict—a principle of ecclesiastical government in a church established by the law of the land, and the rights of individuals holding civil rights by the same law. Tho case has frequently occurred of a congregation objecting to the minister appointed by the patron but for a long time the General Assembly the Church has required the presbyteries instal the nominee in such cases. The people have of lato asserted iheir rights with new zeal, and the Assembly in 1834 declared it to be an essential principle of the Church of Scotland that no minister should be inducted into a parish contrary to the will of the peoP'e* IZi .**

A case soon occurred which passed tip to the House of Lords, and the. law was there decided to be that the right of the patron was ono which the civil courts were bound to euforce, (notwithstanding the. spiritual nature of the ordination and induction of a minister,) because there are claims of property involved in the temporalities attached to the livings.

Upon the result, a large body of the Church felt that they dare not sacrifice their religious obligations and liberty to the judgment of civil courts. They contended that there was in reality no more conflict between the ecclesiastical and civil jurisdictions than between civil and criminal courts. Like them they may have cognizance of the same spatters, but the lines of separation between them are perfectly distinct. As, however, thedecibion of the Lords, however unjust, could not be resisted, there was no alternative to those who were conscientious on the subject, than to withdraw from the establishment and tnis course has already been taken by nearly five hundred ministers, including Dr. Chalmers and others of the most eminenl clergymen of the Church, who have constituted an organization indepetjipnt of the Stale.

TOUCHING ANECDOTE.

"It is alleged-by high authority, (see the article in the North American Review, ascribed to Cass)*that the Indians cannot be converted the rt&tdiest answer to the impious and profane absurdity is, that they have been converted. A large body of Indians had been converted by the Moravian mis sionaries, and settled in the west, where their simplicity^ and harmlessness seemed a re newal of tho better days of Christianity.— During the Revolutionary war these settlements, named Lichtenau and Gnadenhutten, being located in the seat of tho former Indian contests, were exposed to outrage from both parties. Being, however, under the tuition and influence ofthe whites, nnd having adopted their religion and the virtuous portion of their habits, they naturally apprehended that the hostile Indians, sweeping down upon the American frontier, would take advantage of their helplessness and destroy them as allies of ihd whites. Subsequent events enabled us to compare the-red and white men and determine which is the savage. A party of two hundred hostile Hurons fiercely approached the Moravian Indlatf towir* The Christian Indians conducted themselves, in this trying extremity, with meekness and firm ness. They sent a deputation with refreshments to their approaching foes, and told them that by the word of God, they were taught to be at peace with all men, and en treated for themselves and their white teachers peace and protection. And what replied the savage, fresh from the wilds and panting for blood Did he mock to scorn the meek and Christian appeal Did he answer with his war whoop, and lead on his men to the easy slaughter of his foes What else could be expccted from an Indian Yet such was not the response of the red warrior. He said he was on a war party, and his heart had been evil, and his aim had been blond but the words of his brethren had opened his eyes. Ho would do them no harm* 'Obey your teachers,'said he, 'worship your God, and be not afraid. No crcature shall harm

A HARD CASE.

EXTRAORDINARY FEMALE—There is now exhibiting in South Castle stroet a female, a native of Holland, whose body, with the exception of the face and bust, is incrusted in a substance, which grows upon and completely covers the skin. This lady is thirty-seven years of age, and in all respects as well formed as the rest of her species. -She has, it is alleged, been enveloped in this horny excrcsence since her birth. Hej feet and hands, particularly the former, are as hard as horn, with thick masses of which they are, indeed, entirely covered. Her arms present a most singular appearance, the true skin being completely hidden from view by an encrustation of an uniform dark brown color, resembling tho outer surface of a bead purse. These extraordinary appearances are attributed by the relatives of the lady to her mother having accidentally Allien into a mineral well.— She enjoys excellent health and hign animal spirits. She will, we should think, be an interesting subject of consideration for the faculty. It is quite evident that, however happy the lady may be in the horny covering which nature has provided for her, such an encrustation must still be denounced a karri case.— It is perhaps, an additional cause of consolation, as all who have sera her feet will nlloir, !bat she may tread the most thorny paths Of life without fear of being wounded, ffnlike Achillis, her hee! i» her most vulnerable part.—Liverpool Albion*

WABASH AHD ERIE CAXAL. It is a -.act (says the Indianapolis Journal.) that wo are beginning tosend prod nee wttl to ihe New York mid Boston msrkets- Lsrge qnntitiss of hemp snd other snides are now bang loirwsrded IK wagons to Lsfoyeue, some 65 miles northwest, by cm^emenmsj tag citizens, to be sent on the Wsbasb and Erie Canal to Boston snd New York markets. For one jraodred and fifty miles above this pises, along the rich valley of the Whi» ri«« this canal can be rose

to touNpoct tMlywodnett fift£ to two feanSliK! miles '/ranch Ciactn otlw ibis Stntets incalemafc!*. Itmt the products in the vslley of smpotis. will be q«drapl«| mssne* of tins sew fecdity 1 UM Atlaatscmsfkts.

lod ad

tmrwmar artbs to

of tl

lite river few

-'»*-fHt'cetptt*?,

Farmem aHnetinw® treat their best friends as enemies nnd suffer by it. Mosl birds aro the friend of iha farmer. Glows atone time ftad a price set oft their hendfe—very quelttonable p« liev. Blackbird* are now Collide red a nuisance^ that is a. mistake, they (ire useful to the agriculturist. Most birds- feed on worms and insects which injured sometimes entirely- destroy oer crojrfU is tcue crows and blackbirds pull up theTWwly plam-. ted corn, but we must guard agnftnt that as well as we can—to st&p/lhe corn in tar and th»n roll »n ashes I have found a perfect jemedy. The ploughrflan wttl tell you that frotn "early morrt to dewy eve" the blackbird follows the plough, devouring the worms and grubs that ore turned up, insects that would bo likely to be injurious to the coming crop.

The cut-worm, the army-worm and every destructive insect are destroyed by the blackand many other of the feathered tribe by millions the caterpillar that infests our orchards also falls a prey to them. Destroy HMMi.-nnt. altho they sometimes do take tt share of our fruit, since we do not sufficient-" ly know our friends from our foes let tjbern all live for it is very likely they do us more good than injury It is very likely some -of the insect tribo are necessary to the ripening of our fruits and vegetables—we are not Jertain that tho garden pea wduld ripen arui mature were it not punctured by..Ui»t peculiar insect that breeds *ui it.

But what is ihe most extraordinary is, that every man's hand is raised against a very useful and quite harmless creature that is found in our fields and woods. We look with horror upon every thing like a snake—tho reptile tribe is despised by all. I beliewPfroga are beginning to be tolerated, they are found to feed upon insects, but the serpent is kills£ wherever found. The raltle-snake is certainly a dangerous playmate, although he never strikes without giving fair warning they are now seldom found. There arc very few poisonous snakes th&t frequent our wocda and fields—I have examined a great many different species, nono of which were poison-^ ous, their bite is no worse than the scrntch of a pin, indeed they will not bite at all unless you put your finger in their mouths or tread on them, and not always thon.

Tho large black-snake is an excellent rat* catcher, and worth a dozen cats about a-,, burn—when they want a meal they walk in-* to the rat's hole and bring him forth he does not resist, but appears to be perfectly paralyzed tho act of deglutation is slow and tedious. I have watched them for hours a .r dreadful death to the rat-s-he squeals till ho entirely disappears. Let the snake get a rat: by the hind leg and he is a 'gone coon.'

I have heard of snakes with two heads, and suppose they must have been seen in the 0 act of swallowing a frog, it looks very liko it. in the fields, the snakes feed on field mice, moles, chickmucks, and other small animals.In the stomach of a largo black-snake 1 found a grey squirrel in that of a rattle-snake a full grown rabbit. The small snakes feed on grubs, worms, and insects they are continually destroying those ihings that are preying upon our growing crops, whilst they glido through them without disturbing a einglo. blade of grass.

Let us rid ourselves of our prejudices against this useful creature it seems as if thoword of .God has been literally interpreted against them, and to kill and slay them with-. out mercy is but obeying the commands of the Deity 1 a great mistake 11

The stories told of them are horrible almost every person has a snake-story to tell. Some of them are said to lmve two heads* with fiery forked tongtles—we havo horse-, runners and bird-charmers, and snakes that have tho power to fascinate children. It ia' all a humbug 1 If parents teach their children to dreaa ghosts or snakes, can they bo surprised if they aso almost frightoned to death at the imngihiry sight of onev or the real rtppoarance of the other 1 Let me tells.' you how snakes charm birds.—Being in the .* field one day, I was attracted by the distress-' ed cry of bird which seemod to be fluttering along tho ground as tho' wounded and near by was one of those hnted monsters, a largo black-snake. Tho bird would approach the snake as near ns safety wonld admit, and flutter nwnyn little distance, then return and almost creep into tho snakes mouth. Tho snake looked pretty sharp at the bird and lickcd his chops no doubt, but the little bird kept just out of reach—ihe monster moving slowly towards it with his eyes liko coals of fire, until they had got some little distance from where I first discovered them, and then,... O shocking I tho little bird came up to the snake as if to lay down and be devoured: no, such thing the little bird flow away, crying "te wit to wee," which in the language of birds moans—you are humbugged wise as serpents art said to be, at certain times*, little birds can outwit them.

And now for the story of tho horse-run-' ners, or snakes that chase people. Walking: one fine morning in the woods, I was surprised to see one of those "critter*" con* full chats after me. I stopped and turned round to take a good look at him he came up within a few yards of me and then took a circle round, aRer-which, he mado, another demonstration, hut finding 1 was not to be humbugged, he quietly left.

A timid person doubtless would have taken, to his boots and thought the snake was with-' in a few feet of Mm at every jump, but the truth is he would only have been humbugged —the snake was a male and the female witfv her young were near by

In conclusion, I would ftnf io tny brothel farmero, kill no birds wantonly—do not suffer their nests to be disturbed. Let the snak live and wander about" yoar fields freely, black-snakes should live about your barn protect them—you will have no rats. If they steal a chicken or so, set it down to profit and loss a chicken goes a good way with ft make, but a rat will slaughter a whole brood in a night. Snikes never touch your grain and are cleanly withal—rats gorge on ttaocl leave their filth behind. A FARMER*

Ma. Aautt—Mr* Adams reached Albany on Werf-r it too late an boar to so through the ananMd for bits, hsvmgbeen detained all along bis route by maitiiades of psople wbo ov-

nesday evening at too latejtn hoar to jgo formal reception ed all along his ery where manifested the greatest anxiety to seehun. lie wss escorted front the Depot to the Cspitol Psrk by a troop ot horse lb* gf| ding ts tba-^j^gUlB 1.!.

«SS".

•n* PP

...

recejy