The Wabash Courier, Volume 10, Number 13, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 4 December 1841 — Page 2

THE WABASH COURIER,

COWARD fc HARRIS, Publisher*.

*TKRRfi HAl)TE, SATURDAY PEC. 4. 184lT

Much complaint has been made to the presesent proprietors of the Wabash Courier in consequence of the former Editor hurrying into collection, pieces and fragments of years, which it was decidedly understood should be connected with the first year of our publication so as not to break or divide the year of a ihacriber. We are therefore authorized by Mr. Dowling to publish the following*:

WABASII COURIER ACCOUNTS. It was not the intention of the undersigned, in leaving huflccoui'8 with Agents, tolmre actual subecrilu rs owing fragments of years sued and be requests his Agents to act accordingly.

In the necessity under which I labor of closing my business promptly, I wish to do nothing calculated to irritate or wound the feeling of any and therefore hone every subscriber will see the necessity of calling voluntarily without the interveniion of legal prom* *°u JOHN DOWLING.

Tcrrc'IIaute, Nov. 1841

NEW CARKIBR.—Should any mistakes occur in the delivery of our paper through town, in consequence of a change of Carrier, we hope to be immediately informed. Any omissions can be at once supplied by sending to the office.

We have been greatly disapointed in con sequence of some ink on hand proving of an inferior quality. This gives our papor an unfavorable appearance, until a fresh supply of good ink can be purchased from abroad, which *e trust will not be long.

In the next number of tho Courier, our readers will probably find the Messago of Governor Bigger, to the legislature of Indiana. And in the suceeding number, the Message of President Tyler, to the Congress of the United States, may bo looked for. After that, political matter may be expected in each succeeding number, in the shape of documents, spccches. &c. d:c.

MOltK OF THE CANAL.

In the Tippccanoc Journal of last week we find an article over the signature of'Citizen,' in relation to the Wabash and Erie Canal. Tho author seems to admit that tho more

practicable plan of continuing the navigation C| |jC

from Lafayette, will be by canal, instead of jcc'm

tho river. At least we infer this from the

ficulty of raising funds at this time. We jjal

give the following as a part of his statements:

yet when dnmnges and iiipcrintendnnce are added, tho

cost mile. The southern end of tho Central canal, from the White river feeder to Evansvilb', a distance of ninetythree milis, is estimated to cost one million six hun-

twill probably not fall very far short of $10,000 per

Sr&M"

it is said that the construction of the canal,

south from Lafayette, would not at any time

cost as much per mile, hy some thousands, as

it is believed tho expenseoifrBaaking the canal

believed that the lands, instead of selling with

difficulty at $-2,50 per acre, would actually

two hundred acres at $4,00 per

CI»2N. SCOTT'S LKTTEK.

We publish to day the letter of Gen. Scott, dated Oct. 26, 1841. It purports to be in answer to various communications received by him at different time* from porsons in the several States asking his views on political matters—and in reference to connecting his namo with the Presidency, Ssc. His sentiments seem to bo rather of the liberal cast—somewhat peculiar, and very independent. Me reviews cursorily several of the prominent topics of almost daily discussion,—such a» party politics*—the judiciary—executive vetoes—rotation in ofiice—one Presidential term —agency of the President in legislation— leading measures of the late extra session of'

Congress—secret societies, &c. Altogether his Tetter is quite worth perusal—-containing the views of one, not strictly and exclusively a hackncyd politician of the times* -,

,,i,TO v. ton, Iowa, has been travelling toest. He dred and two thousand dollars-and on this division iP frlowinff discription of

hMj'

FOREIGN NEWS.

The Crow Cut canal from Terro-IIuine tJFtheCen- towns: such as Fairfield, Mount Pleasant, tral canal, is 49 miles in length, nnd ret minted to cost, Mn.licon Hartford, New London. Rome,

including superintendence, 0718.072 00. There has Jort maaison. litnioi

teen expended on this canal, $357,480 00. Winchester, West Point, Augusta, aic. TIIO Wabash canal from Lafayette to Tenrc-I!au»o,' vr settlements of eastern people,—and nne •sin length 60 miles- estimated to cost, including su* fence(J &c.—are referred to, as 'perintondenee, but not damages for tlw njjht of way—: F.trms, just lenc „ni„-aiv.r/inB tho #1,355,000 00, or a little more than. $15,000 per mile. varying the scence,

There has been expanded on this line $30,000. To _minirv. botween town and

make the canal from Lafayette, the State line a grant „~naaeA eaual to five sections of land for each mile of cnnnl to traveller progressed. he constructed, or 3,200 acres for each mile, which at p., ESQ.

to 30 cti por ncrP» would yield J8,000,at ihrfaitmnio DEATH OF T» J*

of tho ctwt of the eaual a little more than half of the Thomas Jefferson Evans, long a resident of cost of tho work. Indiana, died on the 13th ult. in Burlington, Now we understand this correspondent to iowa. 'f he deceased was admitted to the Bar beat fault in two or three particulars. First,1

By the arrival of the Caladonia, foreign news has been'roceived,—some extracts from which will be found in another column.

The political intelligence is ^not very important. It is stated that Louis Philippe had offered to mediate between England and the United States, in order to adjust existing difficulties.—And that on the part of England the offer had been accepted.

The annunciation of the acquital of Mc'Leod had occasioned English funds to rise for a short time, but at the latest dates the stock exchange was much agitated in consequence of some fraud discovered in the issue of Exchequer Bills.

A great "portion of the Tower of London was burned on Saturday night 30th of Oct. The fire broke out in the Armory of the Tower. This with its contents, consisting of trophies captured from foreign enemies, and 200,000 stand of arms, were destroyed.— About midnight the flames wee issuing from every part of the roof, and in a short time the clock tower fell in. By great efforts the White Tower and Jewel Tower were saved.

MISSISSIPPI. v.

Tho election for Governor, State officers, und members of Congress, terminated on the Sd ult.

For Governor, D. O. Shattuck, Whig T. A. Tucker, Democrat. For Coogres, A. L. Bingham, and Win. R. HaHey, Whigs. Wm, M. Gwyn, and Jacob Thompson, Democrats. The whig candidates are in favor of paying the State Bonds, and the democrat candidates, oppose their payment*

Gov. Pktine, of Vermont, in bis late sage to the legislature, calls their attention to the power. He says, it is the only monarchial feature in our form of Government and it is difficult to understand bow it should ever have been engrafted upon Republican Institutions."

TARIFF AND BANK.

The protective policy, or that policy which looks to the encouragement of domestic industry, and protection, against the commercial restrictions of foreign nations, seems to be gaining ground in the feeling of a large portion of our people. V\ take the following from an article in the Piladelphia, [V.B.] Send nel.

I will Be§in with stating, that it is as impossible for this nation to carry on its operations, have a uniform currency, and keep out of debt, without a high productive tariff and national bank, as it is impossible tor this people to live without atmospheric air* We have tried the experiment, and look at the situation ot the country? View the immense resources of the country, all swept away by the foreign debt, leaving the mechanic, the farmer, the merchant, the factor, all striving to meet their engagement, whilst difficulties meet tfiem at every turn Look at a "single instance" —what State is now more flourishing in its general character than the State of Ohio? Yet the people of that State pay twelve per cent. depreciation upon their paper in the citv of New York and New York pays ten per cent, difference in her paper and that of bills of Exchange upon Paris and London The whole commercial system is wrong-free trade is a blessing Miat belongs to the abstractionist, but in reality there is no such thing."

SUGAR FROM CORN.

On our first page will be found some mteresting agricultural matter,—and among oth-

urt

worl

Jn our coru

tenor of his remarks. He goes into some (joy^tejiy good and if the calculation of the detail as to the cost ami expenses of the canal

aut

j)or

at a

Hy a reference lo I he reports made to the Legislature course, may bo very easily tried, even on a lust winter, I find that the fourteen miles ol Canal, «,mnll «*iilp. And we hope the OpIroin the mouth of Tippecanoe to Lnfayetle, lias cost large or small scale. /vnu I exclusive of damages tinrt superintendence, $322,930 portunity will not be lost dliritl 00, which is sortiniliing more than twcnty-tlire* tlious- (,,11 to teSt the principle. It 13 also and dollars per mile. I .. rpfnso after the sifur is

The Walmsh and Erie Canal, east of the Tippccanoc rst minted that the reluso alter ine si ur River, in length one hundred and twenty nine milt-e, extracted, will be verv vaiuabic in the shape has cost 1,892,2(58 00, being something more than four* ,,

ie0n sugar, from corn, we should

j,y tho particular notice of farmers

p^jrics. The authority is un-

can

abovo Lafayette—and then demurs to the ent, we think the corn sugar profurther proceeding, in consequence of the dif-

cegg

be realized, even at a deduction of

be adopted iflf this country—and

grcnt profit beyond any other mode

cultivating corn land. The experiment of

caUlQ

teen thousand dollars per mile. The grcnter part of, «»rl would amn'v retbis lino it remarkably cheap and easy of construction,! fodder in

this

and that tho amount of

way procured, would amp.y

«i.0 wljolo cxpcnco of cultivation.

WEST*

Tho Editor uf the "Hawk F.ye," Hurling-

,|]0

n£!C 0f

{jcct|

morej l0

r0prcsentative

was necessary for many portionscf the work for ,nany yCars,—and for two years Speaker now completed above. And at this timo,!

o{* t|10

wilh

south to Terre-Haute, noeclTBtt oxceed $11,-, |ino-ton papers we learn, that the Circuit Court 000 or 012,000 per mile. Again it is also

m»joUri,ed

ll|nt

t|je rncmbcrs

bring $4,00 by giving time for payment,'^ which could very well he done. Hero then 77„,,P wo see, that bv' deducting a little from the AMtlctJL excuses, which is justified under all the cir- Besides the corn art.cle red to, in our cumstancea, and adding something to the paper, another will be found price of land, which is also considered nolli- quite equal in importance. It is under tne mi? more than may bo war ran'oil, jou have head of

over sufficient from the fuml already provid- culture." So mucli conKqucnce ed !0 complete the work to Terr-Haute,, ho ..ttacl.cd to ,t, that we hnd it •a'"®1?1 nwithout any provisions for additional funds to almost a.I the papers io _y. on tho part of tho State. Throe thousand in principle, it is certainly greaitIJ

acre,

the

COUn-

I r^irS. notes Ml l« of

and

ente.spercin.,

village, as the

twenty, and for some time prac-

^ho southern countics. Thence he

the Upper Wabash. He was a

in the legislature of Indiana,

£iouse. Mr. Evans had recently mov-

famj)y to Iowa. From the Bur-

on tho day of his funeral,—and

j10n0rs were paid to his remains by

of tho Bar, and Masonic Frater-

An Important iseover\ 8

will and well worth the '"'"f

give tho sum of $12,800, which may bo con- farmers. It is suggested, that in na ure, fidered amply sufficient for each mile. Un- everv plant produces its dor such a state of circumstances wo see and tint the earth onl se nothing extravagant in asking the work to bo nt once continued to Terre-Haute.

,r"fkn

plant, and not to aid or nourish it in vegetation."

If only

bear the

.hard ground shall be found

neccssarv to tho production of a good crop at all times' furnishing its own manure, in the way of its own leaves and

straw,

how much

labor is of course at once saved. Noither tilloco nor artificial manure wanted. Should this plan hold out successful, quite a new era may be counted in Agriculture.

There Seems to be very little left of^the whigs in Michigan, so far as the result of the olections is to be tho criterion. Upper House, Lower House, Governor and all—every thing Loco, by heavy majorities.

UJ*

The Indiana State Sentinel, will be published daily, during the session of the Legislature. Price one dollar in advance.

Iu another column will be found the correspondence of President Tyler, and a committco of his old friends in Kent county, Va.

.. MEXICO. l\

The new revolultion is ended, and Santa Anna placed in the Presidential chair.

Jon* RANDOLPH'S WILL.—This always beginning and never ending esse, was expected to be tried at the Supreme Court, in Petersburg, some time during its present session.

Ex-Gov. SitJutxoK, declines being a candidate for Governor, before the Loco Foco convention which meets in Ohio, on the 8th of January.

An old Indian, recently emigrated from New-York, with the remains of the Oneida Tribe. He is called {rood JPr/er, and is said to be one hundred and fifteen years old. An original tetter from this same rpan has been found, written to Sir William Johnson* in 17fS2—•event* nine Tears sincc*.

A NEGBO ELECTED.—In the town of Town-j send, Mass. The Whigs, Locos, and Abolitionists, had each nominated their man for representative. In order however, to defeat the abolitionists, the other parties united upon, and ran a respectable old negro, who was really elected by an overwhelming majority. In consequence, however, of sor.e informality in the manner of voting, the election is considered void. A new meeting is to be called, and it is supposed, that if the abolitionist still hold out, the negro will be e!ect

YELLOW FEVER IX NEW ORLEANS. New Orleans papers contain lists of the names of persons who fell victims to the late prevailing epidemic. They mount in number to 1635 names.

Cotillion Parties, Assemblies, &c. seem to be quite the thing in St. Louis as well as in Terre-Haute.

How would the Bankrupt Law apply in the following case 1 Who would be the Court, the Counsel, and the opposing Creditor who the Trustee How would the assetts be divided and adjusted,—and lastly, who would go into business again, and with whom 1—after thus everlastingly wiping away old scores:

THE WORLD BANKRUPT.—The whole world is bankrupt or nearly ao. In England, the ministry are about to call a new Parliament, in order lo increase the reV~ enue. France finds heraeli deficieni $180,000,000.— Austria obtained a loan of $175,000,000—Russia, Prussia, Spain and Portucil are in the utmost pecuniary difficulty, and wouldail borrow money if they could. Turkey and Belciura have obtained loans, and Egypt has been obligeato raise the duties on produce. The King of Naples has raised five mllions of ducats for Sicily. Texas is a borrower in England. Lastly, the United States, with abundant resources, by following the example of the twent/-four governments, is reduced to the necessit^of raising a loan of $12,000,000 to carry her through the year.

FOB THK WABASH \UR!£B.

PHRENOLOGICAL ILLUSTRATIONS. Whoever lived in any community that had not its strange and inconsistant charnctcrs. When I was a young man, and taught school in a remote village, there was one unaccountable being among us, and as the world may never have presented another such, [at least we hope there are not many of his kind.] we will discribe him, particularly as the present light of Phrenology exposes the cause of his incongruities. ,r

Groany Gripe, occupied a'variable position between upper and lower influences, and the world was the fulcrum upon which ho moved. Sometimes the light of the upper spheres would rest upon his head and illu.minc his countenance then again—down— down he would sink until he might whisper into Auld Clootie's" ear.

Religion and tho world, with Groany, were entirely incompatible with each other, but while he had a tendency lo the one, he was unfortunately compelled to live in thd o'her and that there might be no interference, Groany took care never to bring them together. Every thing in its place and time as°Solomon hints. Indeed he was right for religion with him was too heavy a garment for every day use, and this was a good reason for laying it by in reservo for special oocasions. He was concious of the vices and errors of the human heart, but did not reflect that no clonk, however sombre, heavy and repulsive can conceal them from the all-se^-infr Eye. There were some so ignorant upon the subject, as to think that as Groany was destined to live in the world a religion would have been more particularly useful which he could have constantly borne about With him, cheering his sorrows, tempering his enjoyments, controlling his duties and relations, and in all places and under all circumstances reminding him of the superintendance of Deity—and that all things should be done, to His honor and glory. 1

But people have tho right, and will differ. Groany had one emblem of piety which never left him, the set and rigid feature." But then who observed closely could remark a great difference between the staid and solemn manner which veiled his eyes, at church, and diffused around him the odour of sanctity," and the sun glance of desire, shot forth when silver gingled on his counter, for tJroany kept a shop. With all this, though no ceremony of religion was neglected, apd while ho would shudder with holy horror at tho cheerful-sounds of a merry assembly. No one dealt with him without being tricked.

No one trusted him, and he was continually bein" convicted of those little misunderstanding of the precept, "do unto others as ye would they should unto yo." He was in a continual conflict between the devil and devotion, and while he tricked you in trade, he enriched you with ghastly counsel.

I recollect that my first and last transaction with him was, for the purchase of a pair of silk stocking for a village ball. I paid him two prices to have them good, and they proved to be half cotton, nnd so damaged that my toes and half my feet scorned their weak confinement before half the evening was gone. But, after I had bought them, and he had ascertained the purpose for which I wanted them, he lectured me until the next customer came in, upon the damning wickedness of visiting such assemblies of Belial, nnd when I told him the next day of tho shameful diversion the stockings had made of my feet, ho solemnly assured me tlwt it was a judgement upon me for neglecting his good advice, and ho believed it.

PRESIDENT TFLBR. NBW KETT

been

n°I

re9BiUPthisVs

Illustration.—Veneration and acquisitiveness preponderating—not harmoniously linked by conscientiousness.

BONY BUMP

PATKR MAXVFACTURK.—A London Journal thinks that a mighty, a complete revolution IS now HI progress in the paper trade. This »the result of the new machine invented by Mr- Rai^n, and our reader*.will be gratified by a «k*wiption of th« engine which is to produce such great effect. The paper,after being made and dried on the steam cy lenders now in we, and wound upon the reel, is then taken to the aiwug machine, and passed under tberoller which works in the size trough it then passe* through metal rollers, take offtlie superfluous quantity, and is wound on the reel at the end. The operation of ply performed, by winding the paper when thus awed on to another reel. This operation is exiremdy bjmeficial to the paper, and condacted with ten ream* being size parted in as many paper is then paMed on to a drying machine, which consist* of a aeries of open drums wiUi tan* with inside moving at various speeds, and fanning ol the paper, as it pstasrs. warm air which abeorow liw moisture in the sine, and leave* the gelatine uuljr ata a

A twelvemonth* continual working ha* demonstrated, beyond all quretion. the intrinsic worth of this invention, founded as it ia upon the soundest principle* and carried oat by the most bcaaiinil and aosorat* machinery.

As IJRMAX Warn Mtmt Tm»--Tb* Arkawas (*asette state* that the Caroaochee mdiana are caattsnpfc:.im* an attack npen the frontier of

Texas

Ckroirrr, Nov.

8,1841.

To his Excellency JOHN TTLSE, Prestdent of the U.

ini-^^niHriendi and old constituents in New Kent, r\R of vour vmt to their county, to Sd"r "^^blkdfinV .» «N.w Kent tenaer to you ),at it may be your pleasure "'niivli.iioa .1 .heir for von, both as a man and a politician .JifS* rj?°ned

ercatly enhanced by the firmness of rnrpw and !w£« tovrincipU which you have recently exhibited under orctimstaiices ol a greatly embarrassing na-

YVe hone, sir, that it may suit your convenience, and be entiX com|«tible with your views of propriety to Mcept an invitation, and we flatter ourselves that wecsn give

Vou

With wishrS for your long continued health and happiness, we subscribe ourselves truly your personal and polUiil friend* ED. G- CRUMP.

h"i

GEO. WILLIAMSON, JOHN G. CRUMP. W.R.C. DOUGLASS, GHESLEY JONES,'

Commutes.

CEDAR HIIX. New Kent CO, Nov., 1841

GKim,EMEJc: Few things would afford me more pleasure lhan to mi-et my friends and old constituents ot this county at the festive board, in pursuance of your polite invitation: but the necessity which exists Tor my speedy return to the Seat of Government, places it out of my power to do so. I can, however, do no less than return to yon and those you represent, my grateful thanks for the kind sentimentsof regard and confidence which you have been pleased to express towards me. Shall I not l»e justified by the people of this ancient

iwrniy'ii*" their almost Dnanimoussuffragesupon me, astheir rep resentative in Congress the political principles which I then avowed, have been the same which, since my accession to the Presidency, I have dared to vindicate and maintain, at the expense of the

ations which have ever heretofore assailed a public

functionr n^ jons

n3 t0

least have grantcil me, as the Chief Magistrate, bound by oath to support the Constitution, the benefit of itho new lights of reason, which have been shed upon them before they united with others, a spirit of unqualified denunciation. What would they have me dot W°u'd they have me sacrifice the consistency of my post lifo for narty ends? Or, what is of far more importance, both morally and politicals, would they require of the Chief Magistrate of this glorious Union

beg you to be assured, gentlemen, that the lives to which I have been subjected, have in no degree disturbed^ my equanimity. Amid the torrents of abuse no matter by what motive dictated, which

Shall not i»e jusiineu iy hundred pounds, is called the rate of exchange nna county, in the declaration that when, as long ago as ^i8 exchange is said in,favor qf London, because twenty-five yean, 'ihey "did me tne honor to confer

con.iderabeattent.on

wise than pernicious in the extreme. We

iSrTiie resumption ofspecie

atpre-

aePt in our State. The newltght democratic party and press seem to have pecul iarfy tender ^sciences on the subject, and urge legislative action the banks will be coerced into resumpupn with which would indicate a belief on their measure would redound great to the reliefof the^community. A glance at tho subject cannot but satisly every intelligent candid mind that a forMd rMump.ion on the pari of the Indiana Banks, whilst the other Banks around continue in a state of suspension, ana exchange on the East is so much against us, would be productive of nothing but unmixedf evil,and coald not but tend to increase the already intollerable pressure to a degree beyond conception. The Bank, in order to such a resumption, would be under the necessity^ of pressing her debtors in order to sustain herself her debtors would be under the necessity of preming theirs, and so ori ad infinitum, until nine-tenths of the whole community would be brought to feel their own persons the folly of the suicidal act and

n°ne:

^e^,l

sured, would feel it more sensibly, or be ess able to endure it than those who now bawl most loudly lor a

far from the only evil which

from such a resumption at present. The effect wouia be to cause a drain of every dollar of the specie from the vaults of the banks of the State by the speculators and brokers of adjacent States, who would avail themselves of so favorable an opportunity of enriching themselves by shipping the specie East, whilst our people at home would be loft altogether destitute of any sou currency whatever. Such a state of affairs could not but be ruinous to every interest in our State whilst none would be benefitted but the foreign broker or money dealer, who would be enabled by the resumption to speculate on our ruin—or perhnpe the banks in the adjacent States, who would be enabled to strengthen themselves upon the ruin of our Banks and people. Those who urge resumption are influenced by of personal pique and political prejudice, regardless ol its effects npon the community. A subject of so great, so vital moment to our citizens, should be viewed init more liberal, more comprehensive light —regarding its bearings on society, not the effect it might fwssibly have upon the prospects of a political party, ouch a medium of viewing important subjects hasalready proven a curse to our coudtry, and cannot prove

EXCHANGE*

There Sire many persons in the eommunU y, J?*®""* among the gentler aex, who know but little of tho na ture of Exchange operations.

a reception at a festive board in old

Nrw Kant that will in some measure, we trust, comwn«n tevoufor the invective you have received at tjhe hands of another portion of your old constituents.

(UirnimMt nnnnimotis saffVaeesupon me, astneir rep* jrawn But, when the contrary it the

b,tte™*

the power of Coneress to

charter a National Bank, which I then avowed the presence of your fathers and many who still survive among you, and which, as your Representative, I strenousl* urged in 1819, are still maintained with abiding and undiminished conviction. I was then sustained by the people of this district, with almost entire unanimity, and I therefore take leave to sav, that il any of them are converts to new opimons,

their

t°

s""'ender

all claim to their respoct, by violating his oath of office, in order to gratify the moloch of party. If they woulJ have so great a sacrifice, then I am proud to say. they will not receive it at my handa. I censure no

his opinion on this or any other subiect-but wh le awnrd to him the right to think for himself, should he not exempt me from his denunciations because I can*

h£ve.l?efe'}

uftered against me, "my pulse has kept as heahhfu music." as if nothing had occurred. The light retieet ed from burning effigies, has only served to

r®"^e^.hk°

nath of duty more plain. In that path I shall walk, my confidence being placed in the n^^'^e wbose pnt nnd intelligence of the american people, whose b«t BHStnined by a firm ob»r«-

personal regard. jqHN TYLER. To Edward G. Crump, George WiUiam«on, John 3. Crump, William R. C. Douglass, and Chesley Jones Committee.

RESUMPTION BY THE BANKS. The subject of the resumption of specie payment by the Banks is attracting

Th^

money :s transmitted from one part of the country to another, or from one country to another, by'meansiof Bills of Exchange—bot the precise operation, or tho mode of establishing the rate ofExchanpe."' is will a mystery in their ere*. Since President Tyler's vetoes., a great deal has Wen satu in relation to Exchange—coriosity has been roused, and a wish to solve the mraterv has been excitcd. With a view to gratify this laudahje curiosity, we now lay before our readers the following explanation of fcxchnnge, written by that practical man, William Lobbet tBostonJournal.

What is that thingcalled the Exchange? One man draws a bill on another man third man buys this bill of the first, and sends to the second for payment. That which he-second man pays to, or takfs/rom, the first mnn.ot*r and above, or less than, the amount of the bill, is what is called the exchange, and when he gives neither more nor lesj than the amount of the bill, the exchange is what is called at par, just as our money is, when we get twenty shillings in exchange tor a sovereign. "Let us take an illustration and let it be Aom*, where the money has the same name in all Sharpshin, a Bristol man, draws a bill on a Londoner for a hundred pounda that the Londoner owes him. Another man, whoee name shall be Broadbrim, who owes a hundred pounds in I^ondon, comes to him, and lavs this bill Now, if there be fern^persons in Bristol who have any thing due to them in London, and who can draw upon London, and a greut map persons at Bris ol who want to transmit money to London and as a bill is a much more convenient thing than a bag of gold, to send to London, Sharpehins says to Broad* brim, I will not let you have my hundred pound bill, unless you give me something over, which Broadbrim will do in order to got the bill, which is a most sate and convenient mode or conveying money. Then, that which Broadbrim jfiws for the bill, over and above the wmcn unjiiuurmi

Lon(kn more money than the sum

I 18 UIUWil ivi.

ease when there are miuy persons who want to sell bills on London, and few peMona Bristol who want to buv such bills, then Sharpshins must sell his hundred pound bill for less than a hundredi pounds, or^else Broadbrim will noVhave it, seeing there are so many persons who want to sell bills on Lo

stated, may Ti 1 100 for a bill of 2,500 francs, according as the debts due from one country to the oilier, affecta as we have seen above, the rate of exchange."

From the Sangatno Journal.

***, STATE DEBT OF ILLINOIS.

Amount of State debt reported by the Governor, Nov. 26, 1840. Amount of State Bondsin the hands of the assignees of Wright & Co. for which the State is responsiblo. Internnl Improvement scrip issued to December last, Debt to State Bank incrensed smco

Nov. 5,1840, say Bonds issued in 1841, for Northern Cross Rail Road, Bonds hypothecated by Dr. Barren to pay January interest. Bonds hypothicated to U. S. Bank not redeemed Bonds hspothicated by Gen. While* sides to pay July interest, Recent (supposed) issue of canal

State Bonds by the Governor,

af"

r"'

ot"e'"

w0"'

'.*|®1

shield the Bank from any censure or judicious legislation, which may, for aught we know, be nec^ry on account of abuses with which she may be for wo hold that those wielding so important a power, which is so liable to be used for the gratification of motives of personal pique or favor, should be held to the strictest account of the use of that po^en but in so doing, the welfare of the community should not bo utterIvdisregarded. That a forced resumption on the part oyf our flanks, whilst the banks in the

ne,?J,J®r,"8

States continue in a state of suspension, would be ru inous, not enfy to the banks, but to our people, must be obvious to all—Republican Banner.

payments

ii^innmg

to excite general attention. In tice movements aiming at the attamment jf thiis imi portant object. Public opinion is in taror of the rneaSure without a division.. At least wehe-r of nooppo sition to a return to specie paymenl*by tte^ks-con sidcred as an abstract question. All admit the oWiga lion and the expediency as reSards mone^ry ,nBtrtutions, or redeeming paper »a«,uw tals. But there is a point on which cr and diversity of opinion prevails

and

that to

the time when a resnmptionwill ke 1^^" ticable. By some an immediate return to specie pav menu, reckless of all conaamences, insist^tw.even at the risk of meeting with a catastrophe I'^e^at which desolated the Philadelphia institutions. Others are disposed to wait on the current of events until tt« occurrence of a juncture more favorable to the experiment than now exists. Both opinions are "odouot honestly entertained, and in behalf of each mucninat is plausible, and. perhaps convincing, may be urpd. The existing condition of the currency is certainly unnatural, and the inconveniences resulting therefrom swfficienily onerous and distasteful.

But it may he justly apprehended, that the injudicious and rash application of a remedy might prove mora hurtful and mischievous lhan the original diseaseAs long as the drain of specie to foreign counin«i. to meet the balance of trade against us and to pay the interest of the Siate debis, continues.—as long as the fiscal policy of ibe Go vein men: remains unaeitled, and i» ability to provide a nnUbnn cuitmcy is paralysed, it is with great reason questioned, whether a return to specie payments immediately would he practicable, or even expedient if practicable. Supposing a resumption -should now takejplace, what would be the inevitable consequence? The upeeiirwmild be drawn from the

Banks at the call of creditors, and our institutions being stripped ol their rnetaltc capUal. like those of Philadelphia, would be rendered helpless and useless. To any one who has carefully observed the events cf a few past years, and comprehends the present sttitodeof die monetary world, the conclusion wi!] be readied as inevitable, that now is not the time to resume specie paymeat*. What may be the development*of the eommg

so aeon a* Use --r-—- —7 "-"r

leaies fail framThe wew—Thef have made prapoa.-! woiler, wecaanot tberarwiwawme tion* to the Osages to join them with four htmdrad war-, mpawMe, WHIMMM a change in the policy of tho Go* riot*, which the have refused. Have also sent eraraew. O- BmBetsn. the pipe 10 *U the neighboring tnhe» Tb* informa 7 tion was taken from* kwrwttw by Mr. Jt A I Gwat Bnmtn.it. taasnl, two monih* alter a dtel*«Callaway. fermerfr of I iiile Serk. now tub agent »u{ tion of war, amid send tose* on* hundred and fitly ikO r. vr.-rn «ri«nte»

JTiv ?$ 1'

,.i In all ^19,125,561 42 Beside* this sum a considerable amount of scrip has been iaued by the Secretary of

nersons wno w»m „jndon and oow tho Kange is in favor of Bristol, seeing that a Bristol man can pay a London debt of one hundred pounds with less than a hundred pounds seeing thnt the London people owe the Bristol ones more than ihoso of Bristol owe those of London. Sometimes the dealings and debts between the two places are so, that each owes as much to the other as this other owes to it. Then the one hundred pound bill will sell for a hundred pounds and no more. And then the exchange is said to be at par or on a parallel. "It is the same with regard to two nations but hero comes in the circumstance of different denominations or reckon by. Ours it ponjia naiuaxnuu uuo uu v« u*c ium vu.mui um steriing the French have their franc, the Italians have former arrangement, by which only one steam packot

florin, the Spanish their dollars, the Dutch some was to leave England the course of the present Hp»«tlv thinir that does not now occur to me. Let us month. ,, take Se French franc 25 francs (leaving out the frac- The intelligence brought, by the Acadia has been tfonVare equal in intnnsic value «o an English-sbund- aawfactory in the highcstd^reo the acquittal of McSSe if I owe a man in France JBIOO, Fmtist ieod being an event which allowed by »ll part.ea «nd Mma bill of 2 500 francs, if the exchange be at this country to have conferred the utmost honor on ™r• bm «8 in the Bristol and London cnae above the administration of justice tiie United Slates.— •Mitpd I mav have to give more, or to give less, than the funds advanced considerably in consequence of tins BilllCTl* 1 ||M

$13,§43,601 83

1,200,000 00

1,341,959 59

200,000 00

100,000 00

^ate,

Auditor and

Treasurer, as a Board, to settle up the affairsjjl tho internal Improvement system. Of this sum *807,585 39, is due lo the School Fund and $477,919 44 on account of "surplus revenue which last sum. however, has been remitted by Uon* gross leaving as tho debt of their StatOt at the present time, the sum of $13,646,641 98—and paobably there are some items yet to be added.

THE MEXICAN REVOr.trrioK.—The Water Witch from Vera Cruz, brings accounts three weeks later than before received. We take from the Courier, news as giv* en!in letters, whitch announces the end of the new revolution, and the accession of Santa Anna to the Presidential Chair.—Bustamente was intimidated by the formidable array of the aspirant, and agreed t^ leave the whole question to the decision of a convention.— This consisted mainly of Santa Anna's followers, and it was readily decided that their chief should rule, and that Bustamente should abdicate and lea*^ tho country. A letter of the 14th, from the city snys the new government ws8 organized on the Sunday previous, when the following persons were named for the ministry Gen. Fornell, minister of war Come* Pedraza, minister of foreign sffairs C. Castillion, minister of industry Francis Garcia, minister of finance. Oil the 27th business was said to be entirely at a stand in Vera Cruz, except the forwarding of goods in the interior. Santa

Anna wns making greut reforms. The country generally had become quieted. Santa Anna ia a treacherous, ambitious and revengeful man—and Texas and Yucatan may reasonably expect to receive some of his attention, so soon as he shall have arranged all* the troubled affairs in the capital and the vicinity. He will soon show lumself absolute a^ain.—N• .0, Bui.

W-f--Vt-

From the Baltimore Patriot.,

FOREIGN CORRESPONDElfCB. Extract of a letter from a young Baltimorean, dnted Loxno.t, EsoLAifD, MAT 15, 1841.

Again I take up my pen to commune with vou, to give uttemnce to the thought, that are ever uppermost in my mind, which Isnd me to the dearly prizm scenes and joys of homo. I wrote you from Liverpool by the '•Grace Brown," which vessel sniling direct for Baltimore for reasons mention-id, deemed it advisable to tcize tho opportunity of arriting. On Monday, the lOih instant, according to arrangement, I started from Liverpool at 6 o'clock in the morning. I had heard much of the beauty of England, of its loveliness and the taste that was everywhere displayed in itsgsrdens but of a truth I may say tho half had not been told me. It looked more like some creation of a magic fancy than the reality of art or the labor of man. As we travelled along the road, here a lovely undulation appeared robed in the richcst green of glorious spring, *nd breaking its surface into a beautiful irregularity, appeared a lary windling stream looking like a thread of silver twisted into a thousand fortuou* shapesand set in emerald of the purest lustre and anon a little village with all the marks of time upon its storm and weather-beaten hamlets, and cottages would gleam upon the eye for a moment then romantic looking spot, decked by a thatched roof cottage would serve to arouse the curiosity just in time for it to become more excited, as a ca*fle would shew at a distance crowning the summit of some tree clad hill from amidst the clustering foilage, its dark turret* looking more wild and interesting, and calling upon the imagination to people and make its inhabitante participator* in the need* of other days, when bold and hardy daring was the theme of the minstrels of "Udje fair" approval and the highest object of goodly knight's ambition. But I must cease with this, and will now proceed to (ell ol my journey. It waa entirely devoid of incident, and 1 had been ao much cautioned 10 beware of the individuals with whom I entered inte conversation, that I forebore, contrary to my usual custom, to make any attempt at an acquaintance, having however. small map of the road io my hand I was tolerably well learnt in the name* of place*, and by the admirable arrangement of it, could tell the time of day by the arrival of the can at the different stations, at the appointed hour, and scaroel/ a minute elapsed but that they were punctual, and if a minute behind at one station our black pony would be pat to the top of hi* speed so that some times, I think, that at least the rate of twentyfive mile* an hour was made. Yon can have a tolerable idea of it when you learn that the distance between Liverpool and London, 2001 mile*, waa per formed in twelve hours, stopping at Birmingham naif *n bonr^snd at about thirty diflerent stations and village* to take up and put oown paasengera. We arrived at Birmingham at 30 minute* past eleven, diatani 91 miles from Liverpoo1 left at 12 and arrived in fondon at 6 o'clock. I am almost afraid of vent Bring among

at 6 o'clock. I am almost afraid of venturing among I borne consumption before another harvest, such a maas of brick and mortar my brain seems at actions have taken place in bonded Flour aii times to whirl, as I look around me. at the immenae 11t would probably bring 28 a 29s per bbl, number that throng the busy avenues of trade, their for duty paid Floor is Ms per bbl hurry and bustle, tSe din and noiae of the thousand The last sale of Turpentine wi t-:-i _e .f a i.. I i:._. A «i vehicle* of every description. In my next I hope to be enabled to give yon something about London.

"Boy. why don't you go to achoolf "Bekaae sir. Daddy is a fen red that if 1 learn every tiring now, I shan't have anything t« learn Ten I come* to gi in the Vad«ny *,

FOREIGN NEWS. ARRIVAL OF THE CALEDONIA. TWELVE DAYS LATER FROM ENGLAND.

The Caledonia arrived «t Boston, Thursday, 18th nit. from Liverpool, which port she left on the 4th. From the Morning Chronicle.

A considerable portion of our paper to-day is occu' pied with the trial of McLeod, an outline of which ap- & pea red in a second edition of Saturday^ Chronicle. The result of this trial might have been easily antici* pated From the proceedings of the three first days, pub. lished and commented u|»n in the Chronicle last week. The manner, however, in which the investigation has been conducted_is hiphly creditable to the character l&mtsr of thejndicial tribunals of America. Had the case been fe one anecting an American subject in England, and triable at one of our assises, we could not have wished tee the mere formal proceedings to have passed off otherwise than they dii(at Utica.

The question of McLeod*B

ever,

utriability"at

all is how-

another matter, and one upon which, if wearo to credit the Torv press, Lord Aberdeen is determined to make a stand in opposition to the decision of the & Supreme Court of New York. Is this ono of the que»« tionB his lords'.iip intends to submit to the arbitration of Louis Phillippef On Friday laA we intimated our sJi belief that the British Government intended io have

recourse to some such method of at once complimenting a doubtful ally nnd compromising a question of national interest. The Morning Herald, usually well a informed upon questions of Tory foreign policy, saya on Saturday—

4lWe

have reason to believe that if any serious differenee should arise between Great Britain and the United States of America, relative to the trial of McLeod, the northeastern boundary, or any other question pending between both countries our Government has agreed to accept the mediation ot France, which mediation has been offered as a guarantee of peace and good will between the French and English Cabinets."

Relative to the trial of McLeod, no question ia likelv to arise between England and America. The question of international law involved in the Caroline affair is not a question for arbitration. We might as .. well appeal to Louis Phillippe from a decision of the^lr Queen's Bench. It is a mere auestion of law (upon i? the facts of iho case there can be HOW no doubt,) on which all the legal advisers of ila Crown have given a decided opinion. P*

As to making the boundary question one of arbitration, it is the merest delusion to suppose that this would •'settle" it. Why it lias been arbitrated upon already. America refuses to be bound hy the decision of the King of Holland. What guarantee hns Lord Aberdeen that America will be bound by (he decision of Louis Philippe, or is Louis Phillippe an arbitrator auch as England ought to accept upon such a question?

We cannot yet believe that this is to bo the first step of Lord Aberdeens foreign policy. »Correspondence of the Courier and Enquirer. I LONDON, Nov. 3d, 1841.

The Acndia steamship arrived at Liverpool in a passage of 13 days, and haa been announced to return to Halifax and Boston on the 18th inst., contrary to the

It is also lo te observed, that the Irish whcot of the present season is so inferior to the general quality, that it will not be worth shipment to England, and therefyro the avoroges will bo less depressed by the sales of Irish wheat in England, for by the present Corn Laws, the prices of groin sold in England itself, are not included in tho returns by the Board of Trade. The present appearances are, therefore, favorable 10 the re-opening of the English market to American flour, at the lowest duty in the course of the spring of the ensuing year.

The state of trade in the manufacturing districts continues exceedingly depressed—the population in Lancashire ami in Scotland deplorably miserable—but in the wollen district of Yorkuhire, the reports areola somewhat less dishenrtniiig kind. The prospect of a revival in business in the manufacturing districts msy be said to depend extensively on the future counie of the export trade to the United Slates and the Chinese

Empire—to both of which great markets there will probably be nn improvement in the tra''o—through tho more favorable stale of the political relations—but on the other hand, through the advancing state of the corn markets and the consequent impossibility of any extension of the paper circulation by the directors ol the Bank of England—tho money market is certain to remain in a state of pressure—and ihe domestic trade of the country must remain depressed in a corresponding degree. As no symptom of the want of confidence in their own position—by the directors of the Bank of England—it may be noticed that tho exports of silver 10 the continent were upwards of 1,000,000 of ounce* in the week ending on tho 27th ult., and amongst the shipments waa one of 600,000 ozs. to Calais—this silver being believed to belong to the Bank of England, and shipped by way of operating on the continental exchanges, this being the mode which is usually resorted to by the Bank. In this state ol monetary affairs, though all the leading article* of manufacture ire below the cost of production, is bar iron, which is now sold at JC5 10s. per ton at Cardiff, and which involve* an immense loss to all the great establishments in South Wales—yet there is no immediate orospecc ofa revival of prices, for money is so valuable inat no temptation app» are to be sufficient for operations of a specua

Though this is a melancholy state of business in this country, and undeniably that is the sound view of relative advantages whereby the advantages of the United States arc held to be simultaneous with the general prosperity of England, yet it is certain that in the course of the eni-uing spring, the surplus agricultural produce of the Union will be saleable here at high price*— whilst the purchase of English manufactured goods will be made al rate* lower in tbo reverse de-

The favorable intelligence from the United State has not yet revived the business in American stocks, and the only transactions reported area few sale* of the •hare* of the Bank of the United State* at £l 5*. per

The destruction of portion of the Tower of London has created a great sensation daring the l**t throe day*. The loss of property 10 the government is variotisly cstimsted—but certainly one million of money has born loet in thi* fire *nd a recent extensive forgery of Exchequer Bill*.

The confinement of the Queen ha* not yet taken place. PAKIS, Oct. 24.-Thereport that Louis Phillippe has ottered his mediation between England and the UnMVri State* gains ground in the beat circle*. It is said tint General Cass has been invited lo #ee Lord Aberdeen on the subject. The King of the French is ve/y earnest in his endeavor* to prevent war between the two countrie*. He ha* had two or three conversation* with the American Minister on the subject,and no doubt is entertained of hie sincerity, for be feels that it would be difficult to keep down the Republican party here if a war were to break out.

Losooa, Nov. 1.—The favorable impression on tne Stock Market,canted by the receipt of intelligence Irom America MI Saturday, continue* to operate on all description* of securities while the price* of foreign Stock* come better from most of the cities on the Continent, where extensive dealing* In them are carried on. It ia to be presumed that they will be further act ed upon when our neighbors am made acquainted with the result of the trtM ol McLeod*

Correepondeoee ol the Courier and Enquire*.

nmi SA is I ho r»»«

most gratifying intelligence, and so entire is the reversa Iof the slate of public feeling in ihis country, that it is now the time for the settlement of aU oilier disputes—including the question of the North Eastern Boundary line. The unnnimltj of the journals, boi metropolitan and provincial, including all which for months have been loudest in the clamor against the I Government of the United States, will be remsrkablo in the files which you will receivc by tho present steam*

I (5wing to the unfavoiable westhrr for the outstanding crops, ond to the very evident deficiency of thosa which have been reared—tho corn markets have ad* vanced since the 17th ult.,L'attd though-a nominal adI vance in the duties on foreign wheat and flour has taken place, this is the mere operation of the sliding I scale or duties, and the advancing weekly average now lead toan increasing probability of declining duties, I and nn early re-opening of the ports at the minimum

300,000 00 of Is. per quarter of wheat, and 8d per bbl. of flour or 196 lbs. The advance In the average weekly value of 100,000 00 wheat is not so rapid as though the English wheat

were

of a better quality, hut when tho weather may

810,000 po have become dryer—the wheat of the southern coun ties will probabfy come to market at 500,000 00

I. VB a 1 0 quarter higher than the present rates, for wimple* which nre too damp to be fitted for immediate use.

£nqtiu

Idvraroot.. Nov. 3d, I841(

Whatever influence the state of the political rela tion* between the United 8taten and this conntrv may have had upon eur market* fcr American produce, it has now ceased, as the accounts by the last steamer which arrived 29th ah., have removed a I ^apprehension* ol the friendly tntemonrw being interrupted.

The duty on Wheat is now 24* 8d per quarter, and Ml Flour 14* lOd per bbl. and i*expected gradually to (all again, but to what point », at thia time wholly uncertain, though the prevailiojg opinion is that further considerable foreign supplies will be required for r._. 1—1 No transeince our last

if gmj iyn*|| iifui *v twv pin »»v•

The price

The last sale of Turpentine was at 12s lOd tor very prime quality the article is dull.,12s isitn* highest ra«e to be obtained far pareels of fair quality. The demand for Tobacco has been in a great meaanre suspended since the arrival of the last eieamer. Tne lime buaiiMMe dene ha* been at rather lowest rate*, and the tendency of the market is decidedly down-