The Wabash Courier, Volume 10, Number 10, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 13 November 1841 — Page 2

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5*.

*THE WABASH COURIER

COIfARD «c HARRIS, Publishers.

TSRRE-HAUTE, SATURDAY NOV, 13.1841.

WABASH A ERIE CANAL. A few weeks ago, we wrote and published a few lines in reference to the survey and location of this canal from Lafayette to TerreHnule at that time progressing under the superintendence of Mr. Bail,as Engineer.

ID the course of a few days afterwards, a long article appeared in the Vincennes Gazette on the subject oft he extention of this canal from Lafayette—recommending,decidedly, its abandonment, and a change of the whole project, by improveing the Wabash river, in the way of slack-water navigation, &c. At that time we gave but little attention to this communication, not considering it as exhibiting any good reasons for altering the plan of the canal. In some of the late papers, however, from the upper Wabash, we discover a disposition to aid the Vincennes correspondent, and to induce the belief that there was much in his suggestions worthy of consideration. We have made considerable inquiry on this subject, and learn from gentlemen of science, as well as practical experience and observation, that the ejtention of the canal down to Terre-Haute, as heretofore contemplated, is the only feasibly and practicable plap. That to make the river navigable by slack-water, is utterly out of the question, and perfectly visionary. It is said it cannot be done, Without incurring an expense, far beyond any probable trade to justify, and exceeding several times over the cost of a canal. The scarcity of stone to build dams. The flooding and overflowing or the extensive bottoms along the river.—The sandy character of the river bed, continually washing Llic pools and filling the locks. The heavy and large timber still growing along the banks, and at every flood, falling and driving down the stream, tearing dams and locks and every thing before them. These ore a few of the many reasons advanced ngainst the idea of slack-water navigation. But mainly, we presume, the expense could not bo borne at this time. Then as to the canal—that is easy, and practical. That it will cost money, of course no one disputes but the land donation, it is believed will go very far towards its completion. That any small deficit over the land funds, would be of little consequence, compared with the groat benefit and utility of this grand and extensive communication, through so fertile and rich a country. ,«

We do not see why there should be any local or seclionul jealousies on this subject.— They are unworthy a magnanimous people, when public improvement is the object. The great and whole good—the interest of a large section of the country, ought to be paramount to private or local considerations. Under all the circumstances of the caso, we have no doubt the extension of this canal will be considered the wise and proper course and the appropriation permitted to operate as it was first intended and pledged.

Since writing the above we have received a well written communication on this subject, which will bo found in another column. It is full and satisfactory, and wo recommend its perusal to all who desire to be properly informed.

NATIONAL ROAD.

Although a

good

nothing

deal has been said, yet

lias been done, in relation to a renew

ed and vigorous application for an appropriation towards the completion of this great national thoroughfare. Surely our citizens arc not about to sleep on this important subject. Boca use wc have failed two or three times, is that any reason no farther efforts should he made. Circumstances almost beyond control, have prevented action by Congress favorable to this road for somo time past. Circumstances have somewhat changed, if tho times have not. How do we know but that a handsome appropriation may be made this vory winter if properly urged and prayed for. But who is to act Members of Congress may not consider the subject so imperative, (although, wo have no doubt every way disposed to do their duty,) unless me memorialized by the people,—unless they see a seal manifested by their constituents.

It would seem that the citizens of other •r states and neighborhoods are up and acting and we hopo the hint will be taken by our citizens generally. We publish below an extract of a letter from an esteemed friend, a citizen of Vigo, now travelling in the State of lllinoiso. The letter is dated Vandalia, ami makes suggestions which wo sincerely hopo may be responded to and acted upon.

Jeep

J'andalia, IU Uk iVoe 1841.

Dsi* Sis, -Oil Saturday nOxtThe cititeris oTthis

town are to hold a public meeting on tho subject of an appropriation on the Cumberland Road. There i» much feeling manilestrd here in ragard to this great and paramount intern*, amlt strikes me as somewhat singular, that the cttiwn* of Terre-Haute and Vigo eounty appear so indifferently in regard to it for surely no people on tits whole line of the Road have a mors aeep and vital interest in its coaipistiu# than ke people of

the poopte of Vigo eounty r. Casey, the highly respectable arem from this District, was here last-week, and I understand advisrs strongly that meetings should be hdd at the principal towns in this State, Indiana and Ohio, and spirited Rcsotuuona passed and forwarded to Washington as early as possible in the oominar Session. Why not makes move in Old Vifo t—pht baa nersr been knowu to lag when duty callrd for action— let her then rally and send forth her m%e along the line ot the Road.—let I udtanapol'ta. Richmond, Eaton, Dayton and Columbus respond, and my word fot it their influence wili tell upon the Representative* of the people. 1 navs no doubt but tbe delegation from each ol the States will do their duty, Hut ought they not to be ebeersd sad encouraged by tbe votes of the people themaalves If tba great National work ia ever aeeomplieHed. it must be bv the txmetant and active vigi [sacs of the Sutes most interested.

Mr. Casey,

hie member of Con-

In haste,—Your* truly.

CIRCULAR TO REGISTERS*

in another column will be found a Circular from tho Commissioner of the General Land* Office,"* Washington, directed to Registers! and Receivers of the Uni'ed States Land Offices. It may be of great utility to many of our citsens, to know distinctly tho rates and regulations of the land offices in carrying out the provisions of the late land law. Wo havo had many ani various applications to explain and to advise, as to the construction and preeise moaning of several sections of the law. We publish the Circular with tbe view of giving all concerned an opportunity to know the rules about to be adopted, and the suggestions by tbe head of the department, as to tt*e coarse necessary to be pursued, in order So secure pre-emption rights, due. &c.

ar®

authorised to my, that arrange^

tncnts ha been made for the CotHUoo Parties, at Mr. Ftewart*s Hotrl—commencing ©n Wrtfcvushv ctffcuirp

INDIAN SUMMER.

This delightful and peculiar kind of weather, called Indian Sumn^pr, has been with us for some tea days,-—mild, balmy, and soothing possessing all the bland maifiners of an elderly geiVleman, wHb^ with good heart, has freer* aceusti early boyhoo#*t the bestfoci always under the influence himself, generally contributesthe ea», pleasure and happiness of those around him. Welcome our good friend 1 But why leave us night before last so abrubtly, as if in a pet Have we offended If so we ask pardon and hope to be forgiven. But-we understand,—sudden business, we presume, to a distant land for a few days—after which, we shall again expect the pleasure of our friend's society for «t least two or three weeks.

Seriously, whence this charming weather peculiar we believe to the American climate. The philosoper—the nged—the old settler— the aborigiceesjr-all, have had their theories and their speculations,—but we believe the matter is not settled yet to any ones satisfaction. Again, let us leave the cause, so long as we hjyce the effect. Let it be a mystery, if you please still it is agreeable. It is every way the very thing. And we know not but a genuine philosophical explanation might in some degree destroy the charm.

HON. E. M. HUNTINGTON.—By reference to the proper column, it will be seen that our late townsman, now Commissioner of the General Land Office, at Washington, was married on the 3d inst. to Mrs. Fitzhugh, of Springfield, Ky. Judge Huntington, had been on a visit among his old friends in Terre Haute,—and on his return was united to the lady above named and era this "We presume, has reached the seat of Government with his new bride.

The London Times, previous to tho result of McLcod's trial being known in England, indulges in a series of remarks, in reference to tho McLeod caso in this country. That paper considers the honor of Great Britain irretrievably compromised in consequence of a trial. The very Question, says tho editor, was, trial or no trial so far as concerns England, that was the cardinal point. To send them a Steamer with the news of the prisoner's acquital, they look upon as going for nothing. The very trial, is considered as involving the honor of Her Majesty's Crown, just ns much as if he had been sentenced to death. Much censure is bestowed on their Minister at Washington, in not insisting on McLcod's release, as that involves the nice question of lier Majesty's power to protect her subjects. Tho Sovereign Union, it is intimated, ought to be sufficient to command the allegiance of its subject States,—and to protect individuals who have acted under a power.

At a public dinner giren to McLeotJ, in

Montreal, soon after his arrival at that place, the following toast was drank

uO«r

completion

conntrvman and guest, Alexander McLeod.— His sufferings for hi* country, from a lawless mob, and the authorities of the state of New-York, demand our sympathy, whilst his resolute bearing, under very trying circumstances, co.nmands our respect."

After ihe toast, McLeod addressed the company. Spoke of the charge made against him, that he had boasted of having been one of the men who destroyed the Caroline,—that be had kil'ed a damned yankee, whoJo of which he pronounced a malicious falshood. He aiso refered to the slanders of his having invaded the retirement of a respectable family, seduccd the daughter of his friend, Ssc. He denied the report positively, and gave an entire different history of the whole aflair.

We observe, also, the following t» as part of the proceedings on the same occasion: "Mr Justice Gridlev. and Mr. Spencer, District Attorney of the United State*, both of tbe city of New* York. Tb« former a dignified and firm administrator of tbe laws tbe latter a counsellor of the bigheet reputation As connected with the late trial at Utica, tboir names are respected and honored in Canada."^

The M. Pleaaant.fPa.) Register, adswoisbee the people not to take the notes of the following banks. They are under suspicion

German Bank of Woortsr, Qbto, fiuleJ. Bank ofSteabenviHe, A' Bank of Weet Union, fenkiJOaUipol^

Miami Exporting Company.. Bank of Canton. .. ,,.v Mechanics and Traders beak of CincinnatiSavings Back of Lowwrille, By.

WAUCOX

LAMENTS TO

v.^:

Gazette,' nature «f

'.•••

Our public printing By Authority," so far as the first session of the present Congress is concerned, «ilf close this week, with the publication of the Treaty between the United States and Portugal.

Gen. Jackson, in a late letter, intimates in strong terms, his desire for the repeal of the Land distribution law, as well as the Bankrupt and Loan bills.

Wan*!—-Tbe Prwuan Gor-

srsnrtent bad had its attcaiion drawn to anew and infnnioas eoetrivsaae lor walking on the watar—«a •taborataeocount of wfekh ts given in tbe Prussian State Gazette- It is Uw iareouon of a pioneer «n tbe garrison at Magdoburgh, who on several times descended the nver wrtb hi* knapsack and pnsUt, with« much apparent eassas lis wonld travel ever a dry

Pun*.—W«a o«r Dr. FVankHn who said "Pr as load a beggar as want, aodTa great deat asora a Wfaan Save heegfct on* Sm thing, w»a mm ten TOON at year appearim* mav bo aU of a at it ia «*»*r ro suppress tho first desire, than to fo*l»w it."

t* it* COURT. f. The Circuit Court of Vigo, commenced on Monday, last —Judges Bryant, Dickinson, and Jones, on the bench.

The Loco Foco papers of Philadelphia, have been trying to make capital out of what they call misapplication of the Girard funds, in investing them in U.S. Bank stock. But it is said on the other hand, that the funds thus invested were not placed there by either whigs or locos, but by Mr. Girard himself, long before his decease,—and these stocks constitute a portion of the bequest made to the city of Philadelphia.

Governor Corwin has recommended the second day of DetMnber next, as a day of thanksgiving, in the State of Ohio.

We are indebted to the Hon. A. S. White, and R. W. Thompson, for their attention in remitting us public documents. .. .. ..r IV-

RAIL ROADS FOR SALE.

On the third Monday of April next, two Rail Roads and their appurtenances, will be offered for sale by the Comptroller of NewYork. to wit: Tho Ithnca and Oswego, and Catskill and Canajoharie,-—default having been made in the payment of the interest oti tho stock loaned by the State, to aid in their construction. rj*,»

»*t -*«*. Naif •ottfT

It is not my jiurpose, however, to be diverted from the main feature in his long and j*eimry harangue, by stepping aside to notice his displays ol bald irony against the Board of Internal Improvements, ther.Engineers, and Fund Commissioners. That does not maw employ my thoughts, nor will it, perhaps, at any future period- There is a time for every thing," was the remark of a wise man but, in my opinion, the time for an investigation of alleged abuses, on the part of ots^ several State Agents, will suit another, -and iT'tnore august tribunal, better than the columns of

A thrust at the Wabash and Erie Canal1.has assumed a proud and elevated position amongst our Slate works, seems to be a pursuit oT unalloyed P'e8"«r® with certain great mm and great ittUraU, at the ISortb and South. The project of diverting-the munificent and magnificent fuud set apart by Congress for its completion already attracts the rapacious appetites of those whos* envy of rival communities dates ?CL Per'°d of years co-existent with the history of the Wabusb Valley. The writer in the Viaeennta Gazette is an old and hardened offender, in this waj, and, it would seem, is not to be appeased by a show of kindness, or any oblation oq the altar of his ambition. Had he been a man of ordinary charity, the unnun)bercd favors of this community, long and ardently conferred, would have converted the natural feroefcv qf his nature, and he would have been to the Upper Wabash all that a cherished child should be a fond indulgent parent. Like the prodigal son, be

demands of the citiaens of Vincennes gratified in this respect. This is not a mere empty expression, for on several occasions, in conjunction with the late al^e Representatives of Knox, it was my good fortune to exhibit, by my votes, a ainccre attachment to that valuable improvement. In whaiever situation it mtfv be my fortune lo be placed hereafter, this anxiety wili suffer no abatement, even though unkindness and injustice to Vigo ahould be still manifested by a leading politician of Knox. Questions of this kind should bi settled by reason, patriotism, and prudence, and nH tjjr passion, personal avarice, or local ambition.

The whole history of this question, and the claim SD honorably acquired for Indiana, may be recapitulated in a few words: In 1S27, Congress grantee! a quantity of land equal to one-half of five Sections in width, of) each side of the then contemplated Canal, for its completion from the Maumee to some navignble point on the Wabash river, and "from one end thereof to ths other," and that grant was accepted by Indians, through her Legislature. By a subsequent act, the terminating point was fixed at the mouth of Tippecajnoe, a few miles above Lafayette, and, for years, that point remained undisturbed. By a compact bet wees Ohio snd Indiana, the former Slate consented to as? aume the control of that portion of the Canal wilhis her own borders, and proceeded to settle the point commencement, which was at the Rapids of ths Maumee. Subsequently, however, and after a la of eight years, under the authorityxof the Board Public Works of that State, the Canal was extent fro:n that point to the Maumee Bay, a distance fifteen miles, snd an extension ot the grant of Ian claimod for the State, in proportion to the extension under the act of CongrOas of 1SS7. This claim, after being duly considered by ths Commissioner of the General Land Office, was allowed. Now look at tbe course of Indiana? In 1836, by an act of the Genera* Assembly, the Wabash and Erie Canal was extended from the mouth of Tippecanoe River to Terro-tiautgl and ihe State of Indiana, by an irrevocable oecrwvj pledged its faith for its final completion. Our Chieu Engineer, and the Board of Internal Improvement (so much abused by "F. W.") deeming ths right of In-j diana to an additional grant as indisputable as was tha: of Ohio, very properly made a direct application to ths Commissioner of the General Land Office, (James Wbitcomb, Esq.) and after a proper investigation off tho whole subject, both by tbe Executive and Congress, the claim was allowed, and an amount of land, valued st a million and a half of dollars, neeured to tbe State. for ths express purpose of completing the Wabash and Brie Canal to this point. This ia a brief but true history of the claim, uncontroverted and incontrovertibleTo shew this matter in the striking fight of its official and legal forec, I copy tho Act of Congress securing ths last pram of lands:

A BILL to confirm to the SutsoT Indiana the land selected by her for that portioii of tbe Wabssh and £n« Canal which lies between the mouth of the Tipprosnos River and Xwrt-Haute, apd for oi^r purpose* "Bf it raectat iylle Ssua&tami T&omse tf fiymiatatim* *f (Ik Vniud StmUs qf America in Omgress assrwMed, Tltst there be, and there hereby is, coufiiuiod to the Stat* of Iodiaaa, tho land selected by hsr, odor the provisions oi the act of ascond of March, eighteen hundred snd tweatv-scven, entitled "An aw to grant a certain quantity ot land to the Stats of Indiana. ibribc

purpoee of aidmg the Slate in opening a canal to COBnrct the waters of ths Wahsaei wrtii thoss of Lake F.rie," for that portwn of the caaal between rhe mouth of tbe Tippecanoe River aad Teirrs-Haate, ss retained by said State to the Secretary of 'the Treasury. "SB- J. Ami be it farther emochi. That shouid auy of said lands, at the titoe'of tLjr p4ectioa and kteatimi

of any hinds aatgect to private entry in and State, oth er tanria iattetfofso saacfa therrof ssmay be so taeaas. bercd, and, upoa retafn of a deseription of the ssase to the Secretary of th* Treasury, the seme shall tt, sod hereby ta,enafinnad to the Suits: fnwW,Tlatw more 'land shall bcsrfeetil or hereby caftfirssed, thaa a qnawriv eqtwl to »«e-half of five arctfsos ia width oo eadt ndaof said caaal. from ifcc iiMnf* of the Tip-

I*T*I•• I

Tf«

Ilia

river to Tmr-Haut«.

This law at as poaitive aa finally aMaat rest every quibble that «hr iwfnfhm o( CMwtcss.

..1

COMMUNICATE©. TO* TBI WABASFE CdVtSSB.

WABASH AND ERIE CANAL. Messrs. Canard (J- Harris: I notice Ui&^VIncenne*

October 16, a comanutaationTthefigF. W in which certStn gtave clnages are foard of internal

Iffes laid dawn as "ts shajj&kave enee^Ka wise assaigNfc make

woman *hokiiew.jl«Jr Uj eow

wotfW eat Hp the grindstone, this writer fa n«w fall of thi most astonishing knowledge, after the damage is done bat it would have more befitted him, as a prophet. bad become out boldly, four years ago, and gtven us, and the People of Indiana, his solemn admonitions. Like all wise men, in his own conceit, he is remarkably prophctic, after he has seen the disasters of JiveJNult ana most sagely counsels after counsel? are unavailing.

IMSand

his father's house, but anon he will come to tuuajrat^in his ratrs, deserted by all beside, sg he was on another memorable occasion, and then, I suppose—we must lorgive him a third time, and raisehim^from the awful condition of his fall. If "long suffering" and

be a christian virtue, in reference to that gentTemniU le of

what a crown oi political glory awaits the Pcop) Vigo! The plan now broached by the writi cenncs Gazette" may be interpreted in a few wordfc It is amply to divert the proceeds of the land granted by Congress to complete the Wabash and Erie Canal from the mouth of Tippecanoe River to Terre-Haute, to—slackwater the Wabash! In times of calm and" sober thought, when politicians were too proud (O .&ect hobby horses to ride into power, such a proposition as this could find no sane man to'fatherit but as humbugs ore the order of the day, they create, in the minds of the unreflecting, neither astonishment nor pity.."AH Inir in politics," say some, and the writer down South has adopted it, shorn even of the fiinisy covering of plausibility. I venture to affirm ihat no Engirfeer under the canopy of Heaven, whose reputation is worth a farthing rushlight—who is not too stupid to reflector too ignorant to comprehend—would talk one moment about applying Slackwater Navigation to the Wabash. The citizens ol the upper and middle Wabash, soTar as know and believe, would hail such an improvement, if practicable, with sincere delight, but is it leag^rief Could it be rendereded navigable, and, if 60, how fori Is the Vincennes writer sure that it could do any good above that old and venerable town? Let us look to scientific authority—to the opinion of an Engineer! In a report to the Wabash Commissioners, dared November 28, '.837, D- Burr, Esq. the then resident Engineer .says: "Between White River and the Ohio, the sand rock of the country is found in the bed of the river in three places, at Coffee Island, and at the Little and Grand Chains and these form the ripples which have been recently improved by Messrs. Gardner and Mundy. At thete points, where the rocks occur, the river is susceptible probably qf.any improvement which the extensive and increasing trade of the country may demand.. The immense value of the commerce of the valley of the Wabash, it is fair to presume, would, in a short time, induce a Slackwater Navigation for the business of steamboats at all seasons of the year, if the river was jpracticable for such an improvement, out however AIOsirable such an object may b«, it is probrematical, at least, from the character ot the country, overflowed in timfsof floods from throe to eight miles in width, wjth the bed of the stream constantly changing its course, and its current rolling volumes of sand, eufiicicm to fill its entire bed In a Tew years, for a long distance, whether such a stream can be generally converted,into pools for Slackwater Navigation. In such an event, it is doubtful, that the processbi filling the pools of thp dam with sand, would go on rtipidly for a few years, tand then to find way for its water, ttje river woutjj seek new channels, and leave

left

plan now broached by the writer in the, "Yi»i

Slructed, on drp ground," .. j. This picture of Slackwater Navigation in the Wabash is drawn by a gentleman whose prafes&ioaal knowledge "F. W." pronounces to bp very "rott«a,M and, in view of that solemn expression, I don't look for a high appreciation of his opinion in that quarter. /Be that BS it may, the total impracticability of, inproving the river, in the way proposed, is so generally nithiited, that any argument employed to enforce that opinion would be labor thrown away. At tbe Rapids, and lelow Vincennes, I admit that such an improvement would be highly beneficial, and no one would be gratified more than the writer of this article to see thajdst

t..U

can meks it, can be raiasd as

Can it be supposed that

an honorable body of men would sanction any diver-' won of that fund from tbe original object for which it was granted? What faith could they have in a Siate that woald show such unsteadiness of legislation as to ask the privilege of changing .the application of the fund? Whtt would they tnink of those Senators and Representatives who bad, for years, knocked at the door of tbe public Treasury,mnd who had extolled the proposed Canal to the skies, and who weqft! now implorfeiSem to lllow it to tw slandered on works of deubtiB practicability! Wbaia*suranc«bave wa "that if tii«i|ght admitted, that Congress mav etep fnriher, ntad revolve the whole grant? 1 pl^tho«e whoTtire aiding itftth sucb haste ifojcct to ponder well on their course. Without haviAg-tb* right to act, they are weakening tbe public faith in one of tbe most giorioua enterprises that ever engaeed the attention of Indiana. The mischievous eflfectsof this question, raised, I fear, for some sinister purpose, may not be so easily allayed, but in the end, it will only have the effect of procrastinating the completion ofa work which stands before the people as triilv fJaTjoxit, and *it?« the endorsement of the Nation's Representatives lor its final completion. 1 have too high an opinion of the Indiana Legislature to harbor the thought that it would be so blindly besotted as to throw away this grant, by mistaken course of legislation, such as is proposed by ^he Vincennes paper. Wilt any man seriously assert thai Qugrsss can entertain the proposition for a change of the application ot its bounty? For three years our Senators and Representatives in Congress labored in season and out of season to acquire it. The recorded opinions bf Messrs. Jno. Tipton, O- Smith, and A. S. White, (Senators) and of Mesre. Jno. Ewing, Jatnes Raridert, Tilghman A. Howard, Henry S. Lane, and George H. Proffilt, (Representatives,) were placed before Congress in the most explicit and forcible manner. IVkmt did they ask? To what was :he attention of the National Chambers called? For what work was this great benefaction invoked? Let the history of tbe "correspondence," now before me, and the eloquent speeches on the floor or Congress, answer that question. It was to complete the Wabash and Erie Canal from the mouth cf the Tippecanoe river to Ttrre-TJaule. Who ever tho't, then, ot claiming? a million and a half of dollars—this same fund—to improve the Wabash, by slack-water navigation? How, then, was the eloquent voice, and the forcible and caustic pen, of the writer at Vincennes employed? Did he then doubt the great and allpervading importance of the Canal? If I mistake not, Mesira. Editors, both were raised in active defence of the very measure wVich is now repudiated with such a poor and ungracious haste! His private and public letters, breathing the inost patriotic devotion to the Canal, axe yet extant, and will, if necessary, form the groundwork ofanother communication.

on this

In conclusion, I would remark, that every portion of the State has met from the Wabash a cheering and a helping hand. Her delegations at Indianapolis have never manifested illiberality in their course, but wers always prepared to meet their brethren more than half way in every vote calculated to advance the general

Indiana. If it is deemed expedient now,

November 10, 1841

The premature agitation of the question in relation to the next Presidency cannot but be regretted, it seems to us, by every one who really lias at heart the ascendancy ol the Whig party, and who is anxious that ihe country should derive all the advantages, from the change in the administration of the General Government, that were anticipated.

It should be recollected by those of our friends who shew a disposition so soon to enter upon this subject, that it is less than eight brief months, since we took the reigns of government out ol the bands of our opponents, and that so far from bur having disposed of all the important questions, necessary to be settled in reference to the affairs and bt&iness of the country, those of the greatest consequence are still unadjusted. It is true mkny vfery important laws were enacted at the late extra session of Congress, and the good that has been done, is quite equivalent to— riay greatly excceds -the burthen of providing for that irregular Convention of tho National Legislature- The Distribution Bill, the Bankrupt Bill, the Loan Bill, and many other laws that were put upon thfe statute books, will be productive of benefits of greater magnitude, perhaps, than any that have resulted from the legislation of any regular session of Congress for a number of years past. But notwithstanding the highly salutary character of these measures, others ol still greater moment remain to be deliberated upon and consumated. One of them is that ofa National Bank, which has aireadyaojreat!y agitated the country, and which is so indispensable to the welfare and prosperity of the nation and tae people. A question, stso, of n& less importance than this,4s ibat in relation to the Tariff. Most oi ihe sagacious and disinterested politicians seem now to admit, that not only is a revision of our Tariff policy neccssary, but the disorders in the currenty and derangemeitt in tmde cannot be remedied, but must increase, unless a very material modification of it takes place.

With such a prospect before us, is it proper that we should start a subject that cannot fail to distract us, and Milder our co-operation wilh on« another and our efficient action, uncertain, if not beyond hope? In the present state of the political elements, it is not possible to talk even of a successor to the present incumhnnt of the Presidential chair, without throwing disorder into our ranks and weakening our cause. So that if we now set about expressing our preferences for different individuals for that station, and encourage our friends generally to do the same by the time the session o( Congress approaches we shall find ourselves so far separated from one another, as to make it impossible to reunite cordially and advance hand in hand, in support of thoaB measures so loudly called for by the public interests.

Let those Whig editors, therefore, who havt already been engaged in the discussion of this question, reflect well upon these suggestions. If they do so, and are loyal Whigs and patriots, they will hesitate about casting this firebrand into our ranks, at a time when good feeling and concerted action are so necessary and when not only the ascendancy of the party, but the best interests of the people will be hazarded by so inconsiderate and reckless a movement.

It would be well if we wero to take conusel upon this subject from our opponents. The policy which ths leaders of the Locofoco party are busy in urging upon their friends, is that of abstaining from agitating the Presidential question at the present lime. At a meeting recently nsld by that partv in Philadelphia, favorable to Mr. Van Buren, a resolution was adopted in opposition to the expediency of taking any actiort at this early period, in reference to the next Presidency. Upon this bint, the organ of the opposition in this city comes out with a lengthy and very earnest articls, enforcing upon its friends tbe same policy. The ground taken by this, and the leading opposition presses generally throughout the country, is, that the Locofoco party must husband its strength, and not fritter it away by pressing the claims of different individuals prematurely for this high office. It is stated that the Whig partv are already distracted, and at daggers points with each other, and that nothing must be done to harmonize and unite them. Tbe Locofoco party ere, also, exhorted to present one unbroken and powerful phalanx at the approaching session of Congress, for the purpose of defeating tbe course of policy in contemplation by the •Whig party. til it possible, whilst a wary and indefatigable enemy are thus preparing to attack and to subdue us, that we should be so blind to our own interests as not to take the necessary precaution against their hostile and insidious movements) Are our friends already tired of power, ant they inclined so soon to prove recreant to the great body of freemen who confided the protection of tberr interests to their hsndaf Are they prepared to do an set which must inevitably tend to defeat the very object they are aiming at—the elevation to the Presidency of their respective favoritesT If not. many of them must chaope their line of policy, snd instead of chafing and cxciting the party by stirring thisquestion, they must soot be and encourage them. Let them do ibis. Ml them come forward and aid in completing the great work of reform in our public atiaira. an4 after having succeeded ia this and established tbe Whig cause upon a firm sad unshaken foundation, let them then turn their attention to the question ofa

prosperity of Indiana. If it is deemed expedient now, In the first case the proof, affidavit, and payment, on the part of some, to enter upon a system of spolia- must be made within twelvemonths after the passage tion— to violate the public failh of Indiana—to wrest of thisact and,in the second case within twelvemonths from the Wabash the legacy of the National Govern tnent, and to make a shipwreck of that honor pledged by our public men at Wasliiiigton-^if these things are to be attempsed, let us at least know who first raised the hand of fratricide against her. Her delegations will,at all events, compel some men to shew their hands, and unmask them to their betrayed oiid indignant countrymen. T. D-

ttz", a»*m }*fs

Froty the Baltimore Patriot. THE NEXT PRESIDENCY.

fLnc,

«Ktion to leaojoe specie payments, with safety to themselves aad the puhtk. We venture to assert that then ia jnot a Whig in the land who will not

respond

tnumption permanent, continue the road, lit up by the Ught of experience, to a National Bsak. Thsy bsnsvi in the wholnome. n^ulattng infoanes of sneh sa In ftitUtMNI. 81 k*ld they sacked in estahiishittg Ns fi«a«l tnsora«too, tbey will near the responsibility, %volved in irrotved in «fr-T*p«*aied plodges, to better If they mm thwirled in new eflbrts to do feat of thsir tevorite seheaae, maahiad will

to the

pail for resumption with a hearty Amen. They will J... -Halfway power to cooditioe—bat we cannot promise that tbey will tarry thete. Tbe jnajority of the Whigs will, for the purpoee of making ", lit up by the

They betoeve rf sneh sa in-

they sacked in estahiishittg IH'

tk? cmrrrmcy. so by t&eda-

will relieve them

and the oppudifioa meat again Ba

the task and if tbf cannot consumete the *fisik s4 famufcrag a •oand. uaiform drenlaring msdiem, through the agency of the State Banks, ethrr legit

&meawurr «hrr will rtfiirc our thanks

together with the thanks of millions The end, however, must be attained—nothing short of a "btUer cur• rency" will suffice—and we firmly believe that no party, tailing to toe the mark, can continue it) the ascendency in this country —Frtdrickuburg v4r«ia.

dCireslar to Registers a ad Reeet*tifes bf the -U nited States Land Offices. GKXESUL LAND OFTICS,\

September 5, 18fl. I

GSKTT.EMSR: Annexed is a copy of that poruati of an of congress approved on tbe 4th instant, entitled T? ail

"PProprifcJfr the proceeds of the sales of the

public lands. and to grant pre-emption rights." which has relation to the subject of pre-emptions. Your attention is directed to the several provisions of that portion of said act, and your observance enjoined of the rules iiereinafter stated, as prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, in accordance with the 12th section of said act.

The individual claiming the benefits of said act. First A citizen of the United States, or have filed his declaration of intention to become a citizen.

Second- Either the head of a family, or a widow or a single man over the age of twenty-one years. Third. An inhabitant of the tract sought to be entered, upon which, in person, he has rtiade a settlement and erected a dwelling house, since the 1st of June, 1840, and prior to the time when the land is applied for, which land must, at the date of tbe settlement, have had the Iritiian title extinguished and been surveyed by tbe U. Slates.

A person failing in any one of these requisites can have no claim by virtue of this act. A person bringing himself within each ol the above requirements by proof satisfactory to the Register and Receiver of the land district in which the lands-may lie, taken pursuant to the rules hereinafter prescribed will, after haying taken the affidavit required by the act. be entitled to enter, by legal subdivisions, any number of acres not exceeding one hundred snj sixty, or -a quarter section to include nis residence, and he may avail himself of the same at any time prior to the day of the commencement of the public sale, including said tract, where the land has not yet been proclaimed-

Where the land was subject to private entry, at the date of the settlement made since 1st of June, 1840, and prior to the passage of this act, and the settler is desirous of securing the same under thia act, he must n^ve notice of his intention to purchase the same under its provisions, within three months from the passage of the law, that is, before the fourth day of December next.

Where the Jand shall hereafter become subject to prt* vate entry, and after that period a settlement shall be made, which the settler is desirous of securing under this act, such notice of his intention must be given within thirty days after the date of such settlement. Such notice, in both cases, must be a written one, dfe* cribing the land settled upon, and declaring the intention of each person to claim the same under the provis ions of this act. (See forms A. and B. hereto annexed.

after the date of such settlement. The tracts liable to entry under act, are some one of the following designations:

First. A regular quarter section, notwithstanding its quantity, mav be a few acres more or less than one hundred and sixty or a quarter section which though fractional in quantity by the passage of a navigable

ftream through the same, is still bounded by regular sectional and quarter sectional lines. Sccond. A fractional scction, containing not over one hundred and sixty acres, or any tract being a detachcd oranomaloussurvey, made pursuant to law, and not exceeding said quautity.

Third. Two adjoining half quarter sections (in nil cases to be separated by a north and south line, except on the north side of townships, where the surveys are so made as to throw the excess or deficiency oh the north and west side of the township,) of the regular quarters mentioned in the first designation or, two adjoining eighty-acro subdivisions of tho irregular qusrters found on the north .and west sides of townships where more than two such subdivisions exist, or the excess may render theln necessary, provided in the latter case the aggregate quantity does not excced one hunI dred and sixty acres.

Fourth. Two half quarter or eighty acre subdivisions ofa fractional or broken section, adjoining each other, the aggregate quantity not exceeding one hundred and sixtv acres.

Fifth. A regular half quarter, and an adjoining fractional section, or an adjoining half quarter subdivision of a fractional section, the aggregate quantity not exceeding one hundred and sixty acres-

Sixth If the pre-empior should not wish to enter the quaftfity of one hundred and sixty acres, lie may enter

single hall quarter section, made by north ana south oran eighty acrc subdivision of a fractional section.

Seventh. One or moro adjoining residuary forty acre lots mav be entered, the aggregate not exceeding one hundred and sixty arrcs

Eighth- A regular half quarter, a half quarter subdivision, or a fractional stHJtiotn trtay eaeli bo taken With one or more residuary forff acre subdivisions lay3»g ndjofttfng, the aggregate not ex^s3irig oas h««dred and sixty acres.

These lots «nn only be caused "residuary" after ths sale of the father portions or the same quarter section, or Pactional quarter ecotkfti. pursuant to the act approved April 5, 1633, authorizing such minor subdivisions.

It is evident, therefore, that forty acre subdivisions can, in no case, be psrmitted of land not yet proclaimed and offered at puotic sale.

Only one person on a quarter seetion is protected by this law. and that is the one who made the'first settlement, provided he shall have conformed to the othor provisions of the law.

A person who has onco availed himsolf of the provisions of this act, cannot at any future period, or at any other land office, acquire another right under it.

No person who is the proprietor of three hundred and twenty acres of land in any State and Territory of the United States, is entitled to the benefits of this act.

INo person who shall quit or abandon his residence on his own land to reside on the public land in the same State or Territory, is entitled to the benefit of this act.

No pre-emption right exists, by reason of a settlement on an inhabitancy of a tract, unless at the date ol such settlement the Indian title thereto had been extinguished, and the land surveyed by the United States.

Land is not properly, legally surveyed until the surveys made by the deputies are approved by the Surveyor General but in accordnncc with the spirit and intent of the law, and for tlis purpose of bringing tbe settler, within its provisions, the land is to be construed as surveyed, whea the requisite lines are run on the field, and the corners established by the deputy surveyor.

No assignments or transfers of pre-emption rights can be recognized. The patents most issue to the claimants, in whose natftea alone all entries must be made. Sundry descriptions of land which are exemptrdfrom the operation* of this act. 1st. Lands included in any reservation bv any trsaty, law, or proclamation of ihe President of the Unitrn States and lands reserved for salines or for other purposes. 2d. Lsnds reserved for the support of schools. 3d. Lands acquired by either of the two last trestiea with the Miami tribe ol Inthans in the 8tatr of Indiana, or which may be acquired of the Wyandot tribe of Indians in the State of Ohio, or other Indian reservation to which the title has been or may he extinguished by the United States st any time during tbe operations of this set. 4th- Sections of land reserved to the United States, alternate to other sections granted to any of the States for tbe construction of any cansl, rail road, or other public improvement. 5th. Sections or fractions of sections included within the limits of any incorporated town. 6th. Every portion of the public lands whicb has bsea selected aa a sight for* city or town. 7th. Every parcel or lot of land actually.settled and occupied for the purposes of trade, and not apiculture 8th All lands on which are situated any knows salines or nines-

Persons claiming the benefits of ibis set, are required to file duplicste affidavits such ss the Isw requires, snd to furnish proof by one or more disinterested witnesses, to your entire satisfaction, of ths facts necessary to establish the three requisites pointed out in tho commencement of these instructions.

Ths witnesses are to be first duly sworn oraSrtned to speak the truth, snd the whole troth, touching ths subject of enquiry, by some officer competent to admin*

•,, ... is tar oaths and affirmations and,if not too iaaimvsnisiit

awRieasor to Mr. Tykw. Aiiy otber course will net hy reason ol dwtaneeof rendenee from your office, or jaly be dtsastrotts to ocr oaaae, but will most aasund. ®,ber good cause, must be essminod by you, and the rly denst evvry^eoort to coattaoe tho adminatrauoa to testimony reduced to writing in /our presence, and «ga-

aha ofa Whig President. ad fcjr taring RBSfJMPTION OF SPECIE PAYMElfTft. In oenif^f as to l» respectability snd credit of each jgyjg? 1 "1 .b.111* n« id weTUva fit little confidence tha fioanewrx at ^^I'^^crsSsex^ Iths press generally. If theSuve Banks are in aeon-

rittug tn youi certified by the officer adminis

tering the oath or lAnmtkw, who most also join you the r«S|

mnimng the opposite witnesses.. tar proof, which should also be subject to sruss sxami natioa.

When, by cseaon of distance,sickness or in&mnty, the witness cannot cotne before yoo, you sre sathortzed 10 receive their depositions which mast be, in sll ether respects, conformsble to the within regulations-

The no ties u» advene claimants should be in writing, snd rfmnld bs served ia time to allow at least dav for every twenty miles the party may have to traveC in gotng to the piaoeof ukmg evidence. Tbe proof, ia all cases, shouldconsist 10 a simple detail of fains merely, and not of statements in bread or general tarns, involving conclusions of law. ft is your exclusive province to determine the legal conctaaions arising from the facts. For instance, a witness should not he uurmitted to Kate that a datanct is the "bead of a familr," Ac foihwing tHe words of the law, bat should sst forth the (acta on whieh he groands such all^ation beesass sech a mode of tatffying substitutes tha iodgf^KM 'he witn«M for yours, sad sllows him not Mly

A witness may

fhs

law,

poanhly Conscientiously ,'^stify that a ounqr son living with a widowed metoar, was the bead of the family and, in another esse, similar in point of fact another witness, equally conscientious, migh testify that tho widowed mother Was tbe head of the family. There cannot be a uniform construction given to the law, if it is carelessly left to thsopinion ofevery witness. You are therefore instructed not to receive as testimony or proof, a general statsnwnt, whiqh embodies, in gsneial terms, the conclusions of law, without stating the facts ftpOOtMHfclty*'

Tha witnessss must state, if the prs-emptor be the "head of a family,"1 ths facts which conatitute,him such, whether husband having a wife and children, or a widower, or an unmarried person under (twenty oaa years of age having a family, either of relatives or othera depending upon him, or hired persons,'or slavss.

All the facts respecting the settlement iiperson, ii£ habitancy er personal residence, Ute time of commefc** ment, the manner and extent of continuance, as well as those showing the apparent objects should he ststed.

It must be stated, that the claimant made the settlement on the land in person that he has erected dwelling upon ths land that the claimant lived in it, and1"', made it his home, «Stc. By this means, you will be enabled to determine whether or not'the requisites of the law have been complied with in any given case. Should you decide against a claimant, who, feeling dfcaatisfitfd with such decision, may request in writing, tbf opinion of this officer thereon, you wilt forthwhh forward ud the original papers touching said claim, and a brief report of your reasons for rejecting it and in the mean time, will not permit tho land claimed to be entered or sold without an order from the Department.

The sffidavi of the claimant in reference.to the/act pf settlement, &c. need not be required. It is, in no case, legal evidence on these points, and therefore ahould not form a part of the proof in reference thereto. The slay affidavit required of the claimant is that p*escribed bv ths 13th section of the act, which istohs taken before ths Register or Receiver. fi. M. HUNTINGTON,

Eas

Commissioner.

Declaratory statement ot a sfftter on Ittni subject to pr^ vate entrifiti tie date of settlement, requiredhjllk* l$/4 section qf the act qf 4 th Septen&er, 1M1. "r

:'l

FORM A.

For cases where, at the date of the law, the land claimed was subject to private entry. I, A. B., of being [the head of a family, or widow, or single man over tho age of twenty-oneyears* as the caae may be, and a citizen of the United States, or having filed my declatation to become a citizen as required Wy the naturalisation laws, aa the case may be,] have, since the first day of June, 1840, to-wit: on the day of A. D. 184 ,.s*t:led and improved the quarter section, number in township number of rango number in the district of lands subject to sale st ths lsnd office at and containing acres, which land was subject to private entry at the passage of the act of 4th September, 1841, and I do hereby declare my intention to claim the said tract of land as a pre-emption right, under ths provisions of said act or4th September 1841.

Given under my hand, this day of A. D. 184 (Signed) A. B. In presence of & C. D. 4 4 iFORM B- ini,1 For cases where the land claimed shall have heen rendered subject to private entry since ihe date of the law.

I, A. B. of being [the head of a family, or widow, or single man, over the ags of twenty-one years, ss the case may be, a citizen ofthe United States, or hsving filed my declaration to become citizen required by the naturalization laws, aa ths case may be,| have, since the first day of A. D. 184 ,aettied and improved the quarter of section num ber in township number of range number in the district of lands sub. ject to sale at the land office at and containing acres, which land has been subjret to private entry since the passage of the act of 4th September, 1841, but prior to tny settlement thereon and I do hereby declare my intention to claim the said tract of land as a pre-emption rieht, under the provisions of said act of 4th September, 1841.

Given under my hand, this day of A 1 8 4 S A In presence of C. D.

Population of the chief Towns of tho Western Country* Pittsburg & Alleghany. (Pa.)

Wheeling, (Va.) Cincinnati, (Ohio) Chwhrnl. .-i::

Dayton Columbus, Steubenville, Zanesville, Chillicoths, Lancaster, Circleville, Louisville, Lexington, Ma„vsville, St. Louie, IMw Albany.. (Ind.) 1*,$

(Ky.) i*

Msdison, Indianapolis

31,204 7,8c5 46,338 6,071 6,067 6.048 /5,503

'Mi

/-"ji4,766

5"! S,977 ,-.3,278

2.329

21,210 6.9»6 -S-.761 16,469 4,236 3,79» 3.698 8,070 4,470 2,578 *2,340 ,8,313 "**,108 2,419

«'.'»

Richmond, Chicago, (111.^' "jfiU

?s4#

Springfield, ... Alton,

-l ^1' "-i.'-ii.t

Quincy,

If .-* yji:

Detroit, (Mich.) Ypsilanti, 1 Upon the above list we have one comment to make, which is induced by a very simple notion some persona have entertained, that the trade or business of Cincinnati, could by any means be divorted to other places* Many persons have heard somo noise msde about Lonia* ville, St. Louis Chicago, Alton, See. &c. Theseplacoa have in fact no possible rivsl with Cincinnati. Bussuppose they had? Look st ths result. Cincinnsti it larger than St. Louis, Louisville. Chicago and Alton, all put together. These are the towns below. Above*. Pittsburg, Wheeling and Maysville, all put together^ sre not squsl to Cincinnati, size does not mske mer-i it, but these staiisticsl facts are worth 'remembering to those who think Cincinnsti has sny thing to fear from rivalry.—Cin. Chron. fgr"

Death of the Giraffe or Cnmelopard. '1 We regret to state that the beautiful GISAITC, baf!f longing to ths MapSMjeggl Messrs. JUKI. TITOS, AW« eiviat AsrCo., is lead. On the day of exhibition at this

ilace*, shortly siter it wss 1st out of its cage, it auddenbecame unwell—appatently lost the power of its limbs, end fell to the ground. All tbe mesns that human skill could devise were applied to save tho life o£ the intstosting animal, but in vain. The next day on being removed to Richmond, it died. Its death wil^ not only be deplored bjr the Naturalist, but ins pecu* nisry point its loss will Its severely felt by the Com* pany to which it belonged. Its loss is estimated at sbeut •50,000. This majestic and beautiful animal is properly clssced amongst one of the greatest wonders of the Nstursl Kingdom. Its grest beauty, and majestic csrrisge, hss in sll agea, made its possession a most desirable object, 'ihefirst sutbentle account given of tbjd remarkable anirrwf, by ancient writers, a that of hh having been exhibited to the Romans by C«ear at the Ciroean games. Previous to this time,

however, and several centuries before the Christian'. Era, the Girt fib wss known to ths Persia nr? to whose. Emperor, Hydarpas, the father of Datius\ it was pre* •cnted by the Ambassador from Abyssinss, who had

rocured it from the inferior of Africs, where slone it ever been found. From the vague and apparently exaggerated account of this aniaial by Plato, Slrabo, and other ancient wri-. ters, snd from the fact that for nearly two thousand years no traces of it could be found by Europeans, even its exist en as began to bs doubted by Nsturslists: snd the marvdlousdescription given of it by the Ancients wss for many yesrs treatedas (abaloua

This impressios was not removed until about ten years ago, when two living specimens wete presentedto the Kings of England snd France by the late Dey of Algiers, raffi tsaho

Ths 'sverue height of full grown Oi*. shoat 18 feet. The length from the tip of th*|

tsil to the head is 15 feet, girifiT 10 feet, and the legs about •foec. In all its leading characteristics the Giraffe is sui, generis-, unlike sny other creators in its habits and |f. structure sunding, at once, ss distinct order, germs aad species, snd hitherto found only in particular iso* lated districts, in ths most uncivilired snd least known? qusrier of tbe Globe- It i« a gregarious, berbaceousg rami oa ling quadruped, and in its general contour itfunites ths several traits of theOstrMo, Antelope,Camel snd Stsg.

Wben this animal, aays sn sncisnt writer, wss first exhibited in Perns,

wtt

struck the whole multitude!

with terror, snd it took its name from the principal!

elopa'd, often improperly pronounced Cametopard, given to this quadruped, would indicate thai it bears soow Mrikiag resembtaace to the Camel and Leopard. Sedi, however, is not the foct- It probably does not heloog to the species of either of these animals. Liks tbe L«owrd its body is spotted, hut these spoudo not anee with thoss on the Leopard, either tn color or shaps. and those who bsve ever seen theCamelopard woakl conceive en erroneous analogy if tbey adopted tasidea conveyed by the expression. the isst five or six yesrs some law antsrprispg citizens of the United Ststes have penetrated far into the interior of Africa, and at uch cost and gresi danger from the Natives, snd hsve succeeded in captnrtng several Girslles, but we believs not more than fear nave ever hero brought alive to this country. Accustomed to thsir native wilds tea peculiar kind of food, and to a warm temperature, when brought to this latitude the Girafie soon sinks a vietim to tbe augemal cimate. and the want of his natural aliaasat.

The Giraffe, recently dead, was saptarsd in juas, 1836, in the gnat Kaliharri Dassrt in floath Atnca, in latitude 99, 30 Sooth, and longitude 85, Ea*tIWayut Count* Btccr^ I-

-1