Vevay Times and Switzerland County Democrat, Volume 4, Number 17, Vevay, Switzerland County, 28 March 1840 — Page 1

AND SWITZERLAND COUNTY- DEMOCRAT.

“THE•'SENTINEi ON THE WATCH-TOWER OP LIBERTY.”

AT SS PER ANNUM.-

BV ISAAC STEVENS.

'VOLUME IV.

YEyAY, INDIANA, SATURDAY, MARCH 28,1840.

NUMBER 17.

Published every Saturday Morning, Comer of Ferry and Market ilreels y Vexay % Indiana, T^Ells; Feetejl*, paid in advance - - - §2 00, Paid with in six months, - - - - ■ - 2 50. I foot paid, until the year expires, - *0 00., No subscriber will be taken fbfa less icrm ihan six * in all such cases tbo subscription money advance. ' . _ Subscribers not residing in Uie county, will be require)! to pay in advance. No-napcr wijime until all arrearages are paid, unless at the option of the editor.

nal Improvements, delivered to both houses of the General Assembly on ihe 2d day of December of that year, in which be urges ujion the Legislature and people, in all the force of language and official influence, not only the ability of the State but the necessity of engaging in it. In reference to this he says,While our credit in justly such as to command any amount of capital, at an interest of 5 per cent, or less, no good I'easoo can be assigned why we should longer hesitate to follow the successful examples of oih- . er Stale*., -New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio at the commencement of their works,- which hate enriched their citizens, and done honor to tlAsagacity and cnlerpmc of (heir-projectors, but Mittle more means or resources than their > publik credit, which enabled them >o obtain in the money market, such sums as they needed.” And again, in reference to the necessity, lie says' “'Vjiis is not mere speculation; it is theory reason, and'abundantly verified by facts and experience.” “With a. view of Engaging in works of Internal Improvement, the propriety of adopting something tike a general plan or system, having reference to the several portions of the Slate, and the connexion one with another, naturally suggests itself.” | “No work should bo commenced, but such as would be uf acknowledged public utility, and when . completed, would form a branch of souie general system. In this way only J can any permanent public advantage be realized, the people generally benefited by the expenditure, and the imputation of partial or local legislation be avoided. In view of this object, (he policy of organizing a Hoard of Public Works, is again respectfully suggested, Such a Board Acting with a view to the general interest of the State, would only sanction such as were capable of being extended, and connected .with'each other upon some general plan, so ns to open communications between the most important points, and subserve the general interest of the people." ‘ This was at'the close of his Excellency’S'lirst term of service. . Tins was the word <of command that gav&.Xorm'and motion to the system'; and such was Its influence,"that like the thunder that follows, the lightning’s flash, it was obeyed. Four days after, and before the reading of the. Message! had'cessed to vibrate-upon.the ears of the members,-we find Mr. V aw ter, of Jennings, introducing! the following resolution to carry out the Message. Jour p. 60. __ ‘ , | ; “Resolved, That .the .committee ton, Canals and lnterhal Improvements be instructed amt directed to report a bill authorizing thefcanal fund commissioiiera to borrow, on the faith of Indiana, one million four hundred thousand dollars, in Europe or elsawhcfe, provided the "interest onibe same does not exceed foiir and a half per cent, peif annumi reimbursable at any time after thirty,years; and within filly-years, pledging the three percent. fund for the the interest on lbe sbin borrowed, the b'e' borrowed to I bo advanced as needed in the construction >pfrailroads from and to the Yellowingpoints'^’td wit. from' Evansville M Lafayette, $*200,000; from Lafayette to Micbigan city, 200,U00; frotn Madison to Indianapolis, 150,000; from. Indianapolis to Lalayette, 150,000; Rem or near the Falla of the Ohio river, near to a point of intersectmn on the Madison and Indianapolis rail road near Colombo's, 100,000; from Lawrenceburgh to Indiaiiapolia, 150.000; from New Albany to Terre Haute, ISO,000; from Leavenworth to a pdintW intersection on the New Albany and Jfcrra Haute rail road, at or near where the same may cross the I3ast Pork of White' River, 70,000; from Cohncraville to the.county seat of Huntington, 200^000.” - " This. resolution, the mother of all the evils under which the State now labors, hears upon its face a total want of information of its author in relation to the subject. It makes an appropriation of $1,400,000, to construct, in ‘conjunction with private cnterprizOj more than one thousj and miles of rail roads, which would .have required an expenditure ofFoaTV-roua millions of I money to completctbem, which at six percent, per annum, simple interest, would have amounted to the sum ofja twenty-five years, $110,000,000.

The first, second and fourth always keeping [their place, whjle the third changes from one. to to the other side in so just a proportion as to give beauty to the poetry, and sweetness to the sound. .

pie now pay; and without any addition of rate hc\calier,.be sufficient to tiiect promptly alt the exigencies which this extended system will rcquife.” . A > ■ , yThcee.arc some few of the means employed by official authority, to consummate the passage of the bill. ; There is one feature connected with the means employed to accomplish the object; more extraordinary than all,'because more difficult to reconcile with official duty'and integrity. It will be recollected lhal the Survey 13ill was passed for: the sole purpose of ascertaining theaclual expenditure that would he required in the construction of (he works introduced in the bill. It will also be recollected that these surveys and estimates were reported to the Board before the 'delivery of the message, and subject to Inspection',, and that these estimates were matters of fact, about which it was impossible to he- mistaken. His excellency recommended the passage of the bill, and an’approprintion for the completion of them all, of ten millions of dollar?. From this fact, the Legislature parsed the bill, appropriating to each work a sum supposed to be the cstK mated cost of its construction, in all amounting to the exact sum named by his Excellency. This fact becomes the more astounding when we cast our eyes over the report of the engineers, and find that the estimated cost of the works contained in the bill, amounted io $15,949,369 for the construction of 13263 miles of canal, rail road and turnpike. His excellency, inbis massage, referred the Legislature to this report.- To presume his excellency did not examine the .report, would'bc unreasonable; while to.admit the fact,-his conduct is still more difficult to reconcile with official duty. The committee are therefore driven to the necessity of believing his excellency v tO'harc overlooked so important nn item as the amount to be expended in thejcompletion-of the works, or that he did not diylingtii-=h the difference between $15,949,3S9-and that of te.v Jiii.Lioxa;' or that tic presumed upon the intelligence of the Legislature, by supposing they would take it for granted from the suggestion that ten millions was the sum.required, atjd would never look at the report; and that'an expenditure of ten millions, would from necessity -require the further expenditure of six milliobs; and therefore to ensure, the passage of the bill, it : was necessary to mention.the smaller'aura, for fear the Legislature and the people Would take the alarm. Such a motive would bn .unworthy of. such an officer, and therefore inadmissible. Admitting that his excellency and the Legislature were ' both apprised of the fact, the problem is still more difficult to solve. For, to make on artiropriation of ten millions to Construct 13291 miles of public works, which both the Governo'r and .the Legislature knew would cost sixteen millions, would be deception, of absurdity, or bothi - Bo this ns it may, otic thing is certain. It had the desired effect, if such desire ever existed any. where, of making the impression here and elsewhere, that the origiiial’csti mates were ten mill toss, and ten MiLUoxsonly j a lid until a recent period, (fie understanding has been general;, that ten millions only would be required to complete the public works contained in; the bill of 1936. ' (Sec report of chief engineer of the 3d January,’ 1840.) ; ’ *' -- Not less inconsiderable with official qualification and integrity,’is the further! fact ‘.connected with ’this'part ofim history.. .In the right and last -column of.tlie same report we arc told by the engineer that to complete these very works, that all believed would require but ten millions, and by the estimates to cost but sixteen million?, it will require an expenditure of $20,530,960; and this is the more surprising frpm the fact that sinco.the first estimates, and befpre the second, the character of several of the \VOrks had been changed so as to diminish the* expenditure. Again, the'same engineer in Iiii report to the Legislature,of 12th Jan. 1S39, informs the Legislature ond -tiro people that anj expenditure:of twenty-three millions will be required incomplete .the public works. ■ S , ■ f

A Goad Joke.

I From an article in the Indiana Democrat of the 2Sth ult, p summing up the doings of the late Legislature, we clip the following. It exhibits a species of laziness and neglect of official duty otf the part of the federal members of the Legislature, which should not be forgotten; ' Mr. Lane, in the House, offered a joint resolution reviving tho revenue law of 1836-7, fixing the tax at 13 cents—five cents for internal improvements, and ion cents for State purposes, with a poll tax of fifty cents. The joint resolution immediately passed the House, and was sent, to the Senate, and there passcd wilhout amendment. -

The object of this bill was to have the lines of public works specified, surveyed, and estimates made, not of their probable, but certain cost, and reported for the action of the Legislature,—such as, concerning which the Governor could speak with certainly, that the Legislature could act upon advisedly and knowingly—such as would enable the people to know how far their farms were to bo mortgaged to foreign capitalists. .This brings u& to an important period in the history of this interesting subject—to a period, when your committee, in justice to themselves, to the House, and to the people, and to posterity, should speak freely and fearlessly of the means employed to procure the passage of the Mammoth Bill of 1936, A bill so premature in its birth, so unfortunate in Us march, and so agonizing in its death—a bill so oppressive to the present generation, and that promises to be so dcsolationg to posterity. The surveys had been authorized and were in progress. It then 'became important for the friends of a general system of Internal Improvement, and those who set this ball in motion, to

Report on the internal Improvement System.

The following is the Report made by Mr. Lax*. from the comroiltceon Canals and Internal Improvements, in the House of Representatives, February I?, 1S40. , Mr. Speaker: The committee on Canals, and Internal Improvements, to which was referred :so much of the Governor’s message os relates la that subject,

M r. Lane then moved to lake op tho bill of the House dissolving the Hoard, which had passed the Senate with sundry amendments. The bill could not be found. Some , federal member had stole the bill to prevent itspassage,. All this took place on Saturday. Both branches adjourned until,*Jldnday morning. -When the House met, Mr. Sutler, a fed, and a few.-other feds amused themselves with tying a "cow’s tail” to Mr. Eckles coat .tail, to the infinite amusement ofthe fun loving fed*—and all those who had rather trifle away the timoof tho House and spend the people’s money in this dignified manner, than to perform the duties jimposed upon* them by the people and by the constitution.- .Mr. Eccles performed Ids duty, and while Mr. Butler was appending the tail to Mr. Eccles, made a motion that tho amendments of the Senate to the bill of the Houseyrcssolving tho Board, be concurred in. The House consented, and the chair declared that/he House hid; consented. The federal mcijuicrs then asked what was consented to, and when they found that the, bill dissolving the Board had actually passed, white they were engaged in pinning cow’s.tails to member’s coats, they"cried ’no consent.’ It was tooJ ate. The decision had- been pronounced. * The feJertl members then' grew quite outrageous. They were, determined to defeat the bill,‘if possible* They talked of protesting, of revolutions, of Jacobins, and thodevil knows what; Mr. Judah addressed a note to* the Governor, vUrging him pot to sign the bill. But he did sign it, and the same bill will be found published in this paper. [Jlutkville Ilooskr.

report:

■ That the subject to be considered, whether 'in' reference to the past, the present, or the future—whether in referenced the magnitude of the undertaking, ortho interests involved, the coinmil- - 'iec feel themselves imperiously called upon, from the alarming situation of the country, the stale of public feeling, and of public expectation, to give a brief but lull history of the system of Internal Improvement, exhibiting at once in honest and hold relief, its premonitory symptoms, its | confirmation by the passage of the bill, the means ; employed to accomplish it, its prosecution, its sudden prostration; and truly tragical end, .its certain and inevitable effects upon the independence and happiness of the present and corning generations, and upon the credit and honof of Indiana! This becomes the more necessary from the fact) ofits having been recently urged, by high authority, in official documents, that the . Internal Improvement Dill was forced upon the constituted authorities of the State by the unanimous voice of the people, and its passage hailed with shouts of joy, and with illuminations from the Capiiolio the utmost verge of the Slate—that these manifest at ions of joy and shouts of gladness were re-echoed from every other Stale*and spoken of as an event that wap to. consummate the -happiness of the poeple, increase their fortunes, perpetuate their independence, and in- * sure to'Indiana higher honors and a brighter -career of glory," • The only unerring rule by which.to test the wisdom or folly of any important measure touching the public interest is, to determine whether its private and public benefits will more,lhaD. balance its injurious effects upon the same/orany other interests. If* its benefits do not* appear manifest at first btushpto greatly preponderate, every wise-.man, every prudent ruler, would pause and.stay his hand. . * - ■ No honest, wise, or prudent Executive, would urge upon the co-ordinate branches of IcgisU; ~ tion, by a message, the adoption of ap important measure, concerning the benefits, ami success'of which, a doubt, by possibility, could; exits, Three things are necessary and essential to the success of an undertaking whether they liavo fur their objebt to advance the fortune of an:individual, or to improve the condition of the people of a Slate brj Naiion. That it be conceived in wisdom, based upon the possession of adequate means to accomplish the object, whether those means bV ofa physical or pecuniary character; -and that it be executed with prudence and skill. To plan with wisdom is to include" the means. Yet the wisest plans'may be fdefeated, in the want of prudent skill in the execution; while on the contrary, no human skill .or prudence can prosecute to unprofitable or honorable termination, that,which has been conceived in weakness or folly. In the former case, he that'plans, and in 'the latter, he that executes, finds an ample : apology. Very different indeed stands that individual, that public officer*,* that" executive, •Whosi head conceives, whose will controls and •moves the hand that executes the plait that ter-

prepare the public mind for its consummation, by the passage of a law for Ah at purpose, and an appropriation amply sufficient to complete their construct too.

- To do this successfully, it became necessary to impress the public mind that they would cost but a small sum, and to: pay the interest and principal of which they should never be taxed. That eo farfrom being taxed, the people and the State would be enriched by the revenues arising from .their tolls and ether privileges; that they would not only enrich the Slate, but by the time contemplated for their completion, pay the interest and principal and leave mere than four millions of dollars inthe Treasury.' This appears in a report of the committee of the House on Canals and Internal Improvcmenis. By his Excellency, in his message to tire Legislature, the people were told that it would never be necessary to tax them more than fifty per cent, upon what they then paid, which was 5 cents on 100 dollars. Nor was this ail; a State Internal Improvement Convention assembled at Indianapolis in the summer of 1835, and published aft address, in pamphlet form, to ihc people of the Ablate, giving, the eathe,assurance of ample means, on the part of the Stale, without taxation; and that bpth people and Slatt,would be enriched; by thcirample Tcyenuesr •Cand idales for office held out to tho people.the same assurance of prosperity and wealth that awaited them on the passage of the bill and completion of tho works.: -v

qricln of the Turf Does in Ireland.

Formerly Inland was a vast forest; so powerful was ilio vegetation there, that it was called “the Island of; Wood.** It is now' almost destitute of trees; and when on a fine day in spring, it appears, though bare, foil of sap a fid youth, It seems like a young and lovely of her hair. It is not exactly known at what time and by what process this great destruction was effected. We may, however, , be assured that it was before the Christian era, and probably at a much more distant date. Some attribute it to in extraordinary inundation, which uprooted the trees, levelled the forests,-and buriedxllem inthe bosom of the earth. Others whose opinions is belter supported by scientific study, believe that the ruin of the forests was the result of violent storms.—When the lofty forest, that covered the country were.com pact and entire, they afforded each other mutual support against the violence of the tempests; but, in proportion as & man, required an open space for hishooie apd field, effec r ling- clearances here and there, the trees near those that have been cat down Were without support againsuho fury of the hurricane, and fell before bloats that were previously powerless; every raio occasioned by a lempest produced a thou'sand others, rendered more easy as they were multiplied: the work of destruction went on, and all (he fallen trunks descending by natural declivities to lakes and the marshypjrta of the soil, were stopped on‘this liquid base, where heaped, ono'abovo the other, year after year, they were mingled together, some preserving their.natural form, others decomposing into vegetable matter, until they formed, that spongy, combustible substance,'sometimes' red and sometimes black, of which the Vast turf-bogs of Ireland are composed. •; • *. ' -■■■- ' ’ '

v Tho - Governor,' in his message delivered on the 8ih Dee. 1835, to both Houses ofthe Legislature, says:’ i ! • "If after you shallhaye had a full and free conference upon ihc.subject, you agree with me In the opinion, that the public po’icy, public interest, and public sentiment, require of you a liberal expenditure in the improvement of the condition of the Slate, and of the people, it will be for your better judgement to determine the extent of tho investment: I will, hoi, however, withhold the opinion that you may eafcly expeod the a inovnt of tux millions without, calling on the present or future generations for*the' payment of any portion of the principal under the process of taxation. Um to sustain jan enterprize of such magnitude, a suitable provision should be made for the payment of the interest on the loan, one million of \vhich would be needed for the first year, and about an equal sum annually, until the work shall be; finished. The. additional revenue required to meet the interest. on the loan, would increase the whole amount pf tax now paid by our citizens, one half: that is, he who now pays one dollar, would have to pay the further sum of nrrv cents each tear.” The committee on Canals and Internal Improvements speak in still more Haltering terms: “The policy your committee.approves, has no avowed opponents; leads directly to the advancement of the general welfare; and time has already demonstrated its correctness by showing, a practical illustration in the irrefutable experience and example of sister Statds. .It is known' that under much less auspicious.circumstances, similar works have been effected, and are yet in progress, advancing the agriculture, commerce, manufactures, population and wealth, of the citizens of every State concerned. We know .that the Erie canal, without the other ..connected works, at) of which are'profitable, cost the State of New York about eight millions when it was commenced, that State had neither comparative means nor Inducements greater than ours; We have how estimates from undoubted authority,' showing that the profits of the tolls* water power, idee,,.will not only liquidate the entire amount of the debt, created for its erection, within the time stipulated, but at the ‘expiration of that lime will have returned a- surplus of more than four millions to the State Treasury, which has stood plcdgcdforjhe sums borrowed.” I • , * Tho Address of the Internal Improvement Convention, is equally flattering in its assuran- • *lt L “To prove that she has tho means, it will be necessary to set forth the extent ofher natural resources, as sufficent to justify the contracting of loans, io tho amount the proposed works will cost, to show the amount of taxes necessary, and ■also to show ample means for the regular payment of the interest on the loans until the works themselves will be sufficiently productive to pay not only tho interest, but principal of the whole sum which they will cost.” And again; “A lax on the present properly, of iho Stale, that would raise eighty thousand dollar* for an Internal Improvement Fund, would, with the tolls, bo ample to meet all the requisitions from the Treasury, to pay the interest on the Canal loans, without using any part of the principal for that purpose, and this amount would not.be fifty per cent, of an increase on the taxes which the pao*

From these messages, (his bil|, and these reports, the Legislature and the people are first informed that ten millions only will be reqqfrpd. This is echoed from tho halts of legislation. In the report 'before both houses we are told that sixteen millions wilt be required—then, that twenty-three millions will bo halted, for—and again, that $*29,503,966' will suffice. These things be justified by those jw-ho handle the money, .or look upon millions as trifles; but by tho people who pay'all, they will be viewed in a different light; .The committee have now arrived at a resting place in this most interesting history. The bill has become the law of Indiana, ; The mammoth has hot only been conceived, but borh- in the manner the means aforesaid* • Was it conceived in wisdom! Jhas It been prosecuted. rwiih. prudence and. skill! These‘are questions easily and breifly answered. The system hi Internal Improvement was recommended and.adopted prematurely and wtjhout reflection,' in the absence of all means to acComplsh ii.i Tn the bill the power to borrow money is given it ia iyie; but no mention is made, much less provision, for the payment of principal or interest. TheStato hadno surplus reyeoud, and no| sources of revenue, other lhan.taxation; nor was this, as a mcaos of; paying etihcr/meaiibhed in the bill.; . It ia a fixedjirinciplo in Jitjance, (hat. the same’bill that gives power to borro.w money upon the creditor a State or Nation, should set apart and provide the means for the prompt payment of both principal and interest.- \ This, however, it is believer, would at once have defeated tho passage of the hHfT If in that bill had been incorporated a.pr yvision for a tax of 30 cents upon the $100, based upon tho assessment ofevery kind of property,real and personal, it would have had but fow, if ony, advocates. Henco no such provision is found io the bill; not even mentioned in or out of it, (Conclusion in our next.)

.mi nates*) a the oppression of {he people, in bank* ,ruptcy and ruin, the loss of public credit and honor of the Stale. For such a man, for such a ,ruler, no excuse, no apology remains to bin made. The wounds inflicted upon private;, and public -interests, upon the credit and honor of the State, real, and abide upon him without a palliating circumstance to turn aside the jus-Jy awakened current of private and public indignation of present and future generations. . ‘ The Board ot Internal Improvement, in their recent Report, (p. 17,) alter laboring to throw .all the blame of originating the measure, and its' management from themselves upon the Legis*a- . tare and the people, say: “These facts belong to tbo history of the measure, md:are referred to, to show that it was one. originating with, and .sustained by, the people; and that the obligations incurred were created by the authorized agent* and representatives of the people of the State. 1 ’ -The injustice of thfese remarks towards the people and their representatives is to' obvious, that it cannot and ought not to pass unnoticed, in a r Report having for its object to lay before the people its origin and true character. It has been recently urged by-authority, that a former Executive bad set (his ball in motion, • by speaking of it in his official messages. It U true, it was spoken of, not as a ststen, but in the abstract; not recommended or urged upon the General Assembly, or the people; and it is equally true that so far from having produced any action, it was looked upon as the ebullition of a disordered mind. These flourishes in his Excellency’s messages, so fir from being the .- premonitory symptoms of ihii moil fatal disease upon the body politic, were not even the .shad- ' OW For the causea that have produced all the difficulties under which the people of the Slate are - groaning, it, is not necessary to travel beyond the close of the year 1934. To put this question forever at rest, it is only ■necessary to quote that portiooof the Governor’s jatssiQUi relation to a general system of Inter- 1

The .pr lea of Wheal*

and according to the principles of the funding system, in the sameUine, to the sum of 195,000,000 This is proved by the average cost per mile of nine of 4he principal rail roads in the United States, as : appears from the annexed table, to wit: I"

The federalist charge bur present low price to Van Boren and'the'; democracy.—And point the farmer to.a national Bank, as the only hope for a higher price.’ - How is it! During John Q,.'Adams’administration, wheat avenged In Steubenville, -about forty three cent, ami the highest prices paid in this place, do ring, that period, fifty cents. Duringilr,- Van Buren’a Administration, wheat averaged ninety cents, >nd never tower than fifty cents. v Farmers, how does this compare with tho panic speeches, made by bank ittorniesl But, they tel(you that, wheat will be down': to; sixteen cents, per bushel. However, these lying prophets wish such a state of things; in the-end it will be found tbat, lha prayers of the wicked avail not. ; These panic makers will he rebuked, as were the panic speech makers in 1836 and ’37(in Congress.. The result of their labor was a riie in all products of the soil.' So will it ho*now. A merited rebuke awaits men, who would ruin the country to raise themselves. The oldi trite maxim is always to the point, '* Aa the country rises, federalism sinks, and as the country sinks, federalism rises.” Hence, the efforts of that party to sink the epun try .—.American Union, ." ... ’.

Boiton and Worcester rail road, $37,000

Boston and Providence, 43.000 Western. ■. ; 34.000 New Jersey, ‘ 45,000 Camden and Amboy, .40,000 Columbia and Philadelphia, ■ 40,000 Alleghany and Portage, . 45,000 Albany and Schenectady, 61,000 Stonington, 1 52,000 Average .cost per mile, $44,000. The only apology for the individual who introduced this resolution, to screen him from public censure, is to be found in the fact, that ho could have had no conception of. the extent or expense of the work ennumerated jo it; and from the further fact, that it was but the echo of the message. This resolution was referred, and a bill reported and passed on Ijkea ball, gathering strength at every turn, until the bill from the Senate, No. Ill, was reported, known, anddistin-; guiahud as the Survey Bill; both father and mother .of the .Mammoth Bill of 19116—Jour. p. 459. The bill of the House was laid aside, and the bill of the Senate forced to Us final passage the second day after—Jour, p. 501—by a vote of 52 to 23,' and what i« more remarkable than all is, that the resolution and ijhc bill of and that of the Senate, which took its place, were sustained throughout by a similar vote, and with few exceptions, by the votes of the same individuals, the ayes and noos having been, called and taken some eleven different times. Again,, there is a still more remarkable incident in the votes as recorded in favor of each of these measures. The four first names as they stand do not only rhyme, bat to repeat them is music.

How Exqcsite!— Tha Fort Wayne Sentinel hea'ds'its list of Candidates'll follows; “Hard cider and )og cabin candidates of the People!” What> chaste idea! Are the whtgs air fools, Mr. Wood, in your vicinity, that you expect to operate hpon them by eo small a trick! i# Wo move yolu an amendment, which you may submit to the Fbrt Wayne Legislature when you and wo run again for the Public Printing,In Hie following; words: “Small Potatoes and Pew in a Hill Candidates of the Soap factory Whip. Try it, neighbor, try it.—Gorftctt JJew, '

A wise government will not be slow in fostering the agricultural interest.

W/th time and patience the mulberry leaf becomes satin. I ’ K \