Vevay Times and Switzerland County Democrat, Volume 4, Number 6, Vevay, Switzerland County, 11 January 1840 — Page 1

AW!) SWITZERLAND COUNTY DEMOCRAT.

"THE SENTINEL ON THE WATCH-TOWER OF LIBERTY.”

AT $3 PER. ANNUM;

BY ISAAC STEVENS.

VEVAY, INDIANA* SATURDAY,.JANUARY 11,1840.

VofUMETY.

NUMBERS.

iSlatc. The deputed point* should bo settled, and tho line designated, before ilic torriiorial govcrninent, of which it it one of ihc boundaries, takes its place in (he Union ss a State; ami I roly upon llic cfirdial co-operation of thc BritishGovernment to effect that object.. There is every reason to bclicvo_ that disturbances like (hose which lately agitated the . neighboring British Provinces will'not again prove (he sources of border contentions, or ini’ terposd obstacles to the continuance of that gqqd understanding which it is the mutual interest of Great Britain and the United Stales,to preserve -and maintain. . . 1 Within the Provinces themselves tranquility * is ye.-tored, and on our frontier that misguided [ sympathy - in favor of was presumed io bo , a general effort in behalf of popular rights, and* \ which in som« instances misled a few of our I moTBVnrxptmTictd oNwilas, Vita sviWidtil vqVo I a rational conviction sliongty opposed to all iuI temieddling with the; internal affairs of our I neighbors. The people of tfc United States • feel, as it is hoped-they always wit), a warm so- ‘ liciimie for (he success of all who-arc sincerely 1 endeavoring to improve tho political condition of. mankind. This generous, feeling'they clfcriih towards the mo?t distant nations; and it was y natural, thcrefoic, that it should be awakened , .with mote than common'warmth in behalf ihetr immediate neighbors. But it does not belong to ! their character, os a cdinnmtyty, to seek the gratification of those feelings in acts' which violate their duty as citizens, cndangcr'tho peace if (heir country, anil lend to bring upon it.the ’eta in of a violated faith towards foreign nations. . jf, zealous ip confer benefits oiiotherS,-titty np- • pear for a moment lc \ lose sight of the peymanent obligations imposed iipOn them as'citizcns, ; seldqm long quisled. From.all the in*' formation I receive, confirmed, to some extent, * by. personal obscrvatipu/I am satisfied that no r one can now. hope tb engage in such enterprises i public indignation, m ad- ; ditioii lo the severest penalties of iho law. ucceiit information, also leads me tphopo that i the emigrants from her "Provinces, i who have sought refuge;within our boundaries, i are disposed to become peaceable residents, and | lo abstain from all attempts 4p endanger .the peace of that country which has afforded (hem ! an asylum. - On a. review of the occurrences on , both sides of the line, it is’satisfactory lo reflect; . that* in almost every complaint Against bur coiintry, the offence may be traced to emigrants from tho Provinces who have- sought.refuge here-— dn the few instances in'^which they Jtrere aided : by 'citizens of the United States, the acts of these mirguided.men>wero*Dot only in direct , contravention of the laws and well known wishf es of thSir own government, but mqtwith the 1 decided disapprobationfor the people of ilia i United Stales. * f \ I regret to state the 'appearance of a different . spirit among Iter Majesty’s subjects in the Cana- [ das.'. The sentiments of- hostility'to pur people [ amt inst itu lions, which 1 have been'* so ■ fre- . qucnllyjbxpressed. there," and the disrogard ; of ; oflr righls whiclijtaye brcn iiianifestpd on some occasioit, have, I ant sorry ibsay.bcen applau- ; ded and encouraged by tho' people, and oven by , some df (hosubprdinatq local authorities, of ihe f provinces. Tho chi of-officers in Capada form* , nately have hot- entertained tile tram e fcc|ing, : and nave probably prevented excesses that must ) have beenJatal to’ the /peace of the two couo* tries. • ’ : •>’ - v/: *” ■ I look forWaVd anxiously to a period when 1 all > the transactions which lhave grown out of this , condition, ofoiur and which have been made thesubjectsof coinpjainl.and remonstrance | by the uyq Governmenu rcspeciivcly, shall be fui- , |y examined, and (he proper satiEfaptioa. given. | where'it is duo from either side. . , I Nothing has occurred to tlisiarb the harmony , of our tutereourfo with Austria, Delgium, Denf mark, France, Naples, Portugal, Prussia, it us* sis, and Sweeden. The internal stale of Spain . has. a well-grounded , hope exists that the return of pcact* will r#toro , to ihe’ people,* of (lint country their former prosr perity, and enable the government to fulfjlntl its [ obligations at home and abroad. ThV Govern- . tnetH of Portugal, I have the satisfaction to state, [ has paid m full tho eleventh and last instalment I Jus .jo our citizens for tho claims embraced in r the : settlement made with it onHhct third of i March, 1637. I 1 lay before you treaties of commerce nego- . tiated with the Kings of Sardinia and of the i. Netherlands, the ratifications of which’ have * been 'exchanged since the adjournment of Congress. The liberal principles of these treaties t will recommend them to your approbation.— ; That with Sardinia is the first treaty of,commerce formed by that kingdom, and it will, 1 ’ trust, answer the expectations of the present sovereign* by aiding tho developcmem of the re* [• sourcea of his country, pnd stimulating tho enterprirc of his people. That with the NetherI lands, happily terminates a Inng.existing subject of dispute, and removes from our future comp tncrctal Intercourse, all apprehensions ot embarrassment. The king of the Netherlands has . a|so, in further illuslration of his character for i justice, and pf his desire lo remove every cause . of dissatisfaction, made compensation for an t American vessej, captured in ISflO, by a 1‘rench privateer, and carried into Curlcoa, where the ! proceeds were appropriated lo iha uso of the i colony, then, and for aihott lime after, under I thedominion of Holland, Tho death of tho late Sultan has produced no ■ alteration'in our relations with Turkey.. Our > newly appointed Minister Resident has reached • Constantinople, and I have received assurances from the present Ruler, that the obligations of - ourlreaty, and those of friendship, will be ful1 filled by himself in tho same spirit that actuated - his illustrious father. , , - 3 I regret to be obliged to inform you that no r convention for the settlement of the claims of s our citizens upon Mexico has yet been ratified , by the Government of that country. The first s convention formed for that purpose .was not prer rented by the President of Mexico for the ap-

probation of its Congress,from a belief that the King of Prussia, the arbitrator in case of disagreement in the joint commiiripn to be appointted by the-United States and Mexico,.would not consent lq take upon himself that Iriendly office, Although not entirely .salirfied With the course pursued by Mexico,i felt no_ hesitation in receiving in: the most conciliatory, spirit tho explanation offered, and also cheerfully consented to a nqw convention, in order to arrange-the payments proposed to be mado lo our citizens, in a manner which, while equally just to them was deemed*less oqeroui and inconvenient to the Mexican Government Relying confidently upon the inlJmions'ol* "that-Government, Mr. Fills was directed lo repair to Mqxico, and diplomatic, intercourse has been resit med^bet ween the two countries.-The new convention has, he jiifontis -us, been recently submitted by the Pttsldm of-Uw,V RcpuUvc to Gongtcssi uwdkr circumstances which' promise a speedy ratification'; a result whish 1 cannot alloW .myself to doubt,. - .' , ' - - -

with eaFO and vigor, its highcel functions, their exercise he ritquircd by any sudden juncture of | public affairs—a condition to which Wc are always exposed, and which may occur when jt is least expected. To this end, it is indiiponsable that its finances should bo untrammelled, and its resources, as faros practicable, unincumbered. No circumstance could present greater obstacles to the accomplishment of these vitally important objects, lhap the creation of an onerous national debt.' Our.own. experience, and also that of other notions, have demonstrated

of War, calls.for the early and serious attention • of Congrcfs; anil, as connecting itself intimately with tills subject, 1 cannot-recommend too strongly to your consideration the plan submitted by that officer for the organization of the militia of the United States.-

In conformity with the expressed wishes of Congress', an attempt was made in the spring to terminate the Florida war by negotiation. It ti to be regretted that these ‘humane intentions should hard been frustrated, and that the effort to bring these unhappy difficulties to a satisfactory conclusion should have failed. But, after entering into solemn engagements with the Commanding General, the Indians, tv it boat.any provocation,' recommenced their nets of treachery and murder. Tho renewal of hostilities in that Territory renders it necessary that I should recommend to your favorable, consideration iha 'plan which will he submitted to you by tho Secretary of War, .in order to enable that department to conduct thein to a successful issue. ' Having had au opportunity of personally inspecting a portion pf lhe troops during the-bit - summer,'it gives mo pleasure to bear testimony to the success of tho eifort to improve their, diixipline, by keeping them together in as largo. a body as.the nature of ourserviccwiil permit. 1 rccominend, {herefore t lhatcoamodroiia and permanent barracks be constructed at the several posts designated by tire Secretary of War. Not- . withstanding tho high -stale of their discipline ; and. excellent police, .thb evils reeuliing lo the service from the deficiency of company officers, were very apparent, and 1 recommend that the staff officers be permanently eeperated from' the-. < line.’ \. ' ' ■ : ; v ’

the unavoidable and fearful rapidity with which a public debt ia increased, when the Government has once surrendered itself to the ruinous practice of supplying its supposed necessities by,new loans/ The struggle, therefore, on our part, to bo successful, must be mode at the threshold. To make pur efforts effective, severe economy ia necessary. This la the surest provision for tho national welfare; and it is', at the same time, the beat preservative 'Of'the principles on which our institutions rest. - Simplicity and economy jn the' affaire of SUto.have never failed to chasten and invigorate'republican principles, while these have been' assurely subverted by national prodigality, under whatever specious pretexts it may have been.introduced or fostered. * .

These cannot' be lost upon i people who have never been inattentive to the •effect of their policy upon the institutions they have created for themselves; but at the present inomeottheir force is augmented by the necessity which a decreasing-revenue must impose. - The check lately given to importations of articles subject to duties, the derangements in the operations of internal trade, and, especially, Hie reduction gradually taking place in bur tariff of duties, all tqpd materially to lessen our receipts; indeed- it is probable that the diminution resulting from tho last cause alone will not fall, short of five millions of dollars in the year 1842, as tho final reduction of All duties to twen? typer cent, then takes effect. The whole revenue then accruing from the custoiqs and from tho sales of public lands, if not more, will undoubtedly be wanted to defray the necessary expenses of the Government under the most prudent administration of its‘affairs,. Tlteso are circumstances that impose . the necessity of rigid economy and ( require its prompt and constant exercise. With the Legislature -test the power and duly of so adjusting the public expenditure as to promote this end; - By; the provisions of tho constitution it is only in consequence of ip/ propriations made bjr.lsw that money bo drkwn from the Treasury; no instance has «cetirted singe the establishment of the Government in which the Executive, though a compo-. nent part of the legislative power, Eta ialerpo- 1 red an objection to an appropriation bill on tits sole ground of.us extravagance. Hisduly.in this respect has been considered re* questing such' appropriations only as the public service may' be. reasonably expected to' require; In the present earnest direction.of the puplic mind towards this subject, both-the;'Executive ami the Legislature have evidence -of the strict rcsponfiibihty to which they will be held;, and white I of-my own anxious efforts to porforot, with fidelity, this poriibn of my public fund tons, it is a taiiilVction tame to bo able to coiint.on a cordial v . At the time 1 entered upon rojtyrfesent our ordinary disbursements—without including those on account of the public debt) the post of fice, and the trust fupda in charge jof tbo’Government— baa been largely; increased' priations for the removal of (be Indians, for repelling Indian;hostilities, and for other lees urgent expenses which grew out of an overflowing T ressury. Independent -of the redemption of the public.debt and trusts, the gross expenditurcs pf_sevenleenand eighteen millloos jn 1834 and.1835 bad, by.these causes,swelled (otwen-ly-nine millions in 1630; and tho appropriaiioos v for 1837, made previously to tho 4th of March',' caused the expenditure to rise to the very lsrgd amount of thirty-three millions. Wo were enathe year 1838, notwithstanding the continuance of our Indian- embarrassments, somewhat to reduce' this amount; and that for the present year, v 1839, will dot in all probability exceed twenty-six millions, or six-millions Ices than it WilhVdolermnation so far as depends on me to continue this to?

• Tbe navy hji been usefullyarid honorably enir ployed ia protecting the'rights and property 1 of our citizens, wherever tho condition of affairs seeme'd to require its presence. With tbo exception of one instance, where an outrage, ab- - companied by murderwas committed on a vessel of the United Slates ivhtlo engaged in ahW--* ful comnffirce, nothing is known to have occur* red to impede pr molest the c’dtorpriso of our citi* I ztaa otv that element where itieeo signally dii-.', £Uycd. On:learnhtgthis daring act c 'f piracy, Ommedore Reed proccedcd : imrncdiatcly to the spot, and receiving no satisfaction, either in thor surrender of the murderers,' or the restoration of tbe plundered property, inflicted severe and mcr- - Ued chastistfmeht'on the barbarians. - ;

■Instructions hare been given to the commissioner of tho United States, under dur convention with Texas, for tho demarcaiion of the line which separates us from that Republic*. Tho commissioners of both Governments met in New Orleans in August last. Tho joint commission was organized, and. adjourned to convene at the same place on tho twelfth of October, It y presumed lo be now- .in of its duties. ’ ■■ ■ - . ] i- ‘ ' . The new Government of Texaihiisahown ill desire to cultivate friendly reiaiiotiH with us, by a prompt reparation for injuries complained of in the cares of two vessels 1 of tho United States. . -With Central America a convention has been concluded for. the renewal of its former treaty with the United States. ' This was not ratified before the departure off qur late Charge d’Aflairs from that country, and tjie copy of it brought by him wgs nol received before (ho adjournment of the Senate at the. last session. Li the mean whije. lhe period limited for the exchange of ratincatlans having expired, I deemed it'expedient, in consequence of the death of the Charge d'Affairs,: to send a special agent' to Central America; Io close the affairs of our mission there, and to arrange„with the Goycannonl an extension Of tho : time for tho exchango of ratification*.;; .. • ' ' ; , 4 The,commission created by the States which formerly composed the .Republic - of Columbia, for adjusting the -claims against that Government,bat; by a very (inexpcclcdfonsfruclioQ 'of the treaty under which it setr) aetdded that no. prdvision was made for (hose claims of cilizens of the United States which arose from by Columbian privateers, anti, were adjudged; against the claimants in the judicial tribunals.— This decision will compel the United States to apply to the several Governments formerly linitcil tor redress.' With all theEe--New Granbda, Vcneiucjd, bud Ecuador—a • perfectly good understanding jextsts. Our treaty : wttlj Venezuela is faillifuity j carried into execution; ami that 1 cotmiry.in iliqcnjoyment of tranquility, is gradually advancing in prpsp'crity under. iho t guidance of its prepent ilistingu is bed. Preoident, .General - Paez. With Ecuador, a liberal; com/ roerctal convention has lately been .concluded, which w ll bo transmitted to the Sonateal an car : ly day.' , : ‘ - ;• With ho great American empire of-Brazil our gelations continue ilnthangcd r as does our friendly intercourse with the other governments of South ‘ America—the Argentina Republic, and the Republics of Uruguay, Chili, Pern,-and Bolivia. The di'reolulion of tho Peru-Bolivian Confederation may oenbion fomq temporary inconvenience to our.-citizrns tn tliai quarter, 'but , the obligations on thc hew governments which, havo arisen out of that confederation to observe its treaty stipulations,‘will no doubt beebon undrrstood,'- and it is presumed that no indisposition Will exist lo fulfil tffoso .which U contracted ■with tho United States.

I it .will beacon, by the report of the Secretary -Navy respecting the disposition of oiir ships of w%r, that it has been deemed necessary , to station a competent force'on the coast of Africa, to prevent a fraudulent use of our flag by forsigners, ; _• ■v-llecent experience has ehowit that the provi-’ sloes in our existing laws which relate to the sale and transfer of American vessels, while- abroad, are'Oxtrethely defective,* .Advantage,hat been taken of these defects to give to vessels wholly ‘ .belonging, lb foreigners, and navigating lbs. ocean, an apparent American ownership. This character.has been eirwcll simulated as to afford them- comparative 'prosecuting the alavb trade, a traffic ctripTiaiically denounced ia our statutesi regarded with 'abhorrence by opr citizens, and of which iho cfiectbal suppression* is ;nbwbere ■■ more'sincerely 'dc?|r«I than -In the United States. - These circumstances tfiake it proper 'rccommend to your,early attention a careful revision of these hws, so that without in)pfding the'freedom and facilities of our naviga-' lion,or .impairing an important branch of our industry; connected wHhit;jheintegrity and honor, of pur. flag may be carefullypreserved. Inforniaj 1 ItonVderivedifrom Our consul at-. UaAoa; showing the necessity of this was comrrtnnicatcdto a, committee of the Senate wear iho close of the last. sissipn, but.loo late, at if appcarcd. to bo’ acted ppb'n. . It will be brought to your notice h&ths proper deparlmeDt,.witlt:addilionalcomraunictUbWfroin other sources. v ; • . ’^v . The latest accounts from the Exploring Expedition represent' it as proceeding successfully-in its'objects, and. promising results wo less useful ip tratfe md cavigalion than to science. - ‘ 'The extent of post roads corcrod.by mail, tar- ; Vice on tbo iat orJuly wim about 133,909 miles, and the rate of annual transportation upon' them 34,496,678. miles. . Tbo number of post offices, on thaOday was l3,7SO, and on tbo 30ih ' ultimo, 13,OSSA .i - ’’ ‘ T : / The revebue.of the Post Office Departmehtfort, the year ending with tbo 30th of Jfano last, was 1 ); four mt llion’s four .hundred .and seventy : s!x sand six hundred and thiny-eight dollars—bibilipg on increase oyer the preceding-year of two hundred and forty-one thousand five hundred ' and sixty doIIs w. i '.Thp_engageipentB Md liabilities, of the Department for. the same period ar.e four millions six hundred and I wenty-fbu rlhoas-; and one hundred and seventeen dollars. ■: ;: . ’.The excess ofliabii jliea over thb revenue for lull wo years haabeen raetout oflhesnr-, plus which ’h&d previously accumulated. Tjre cash on band on : tho30lh.ultiino } was, about ■ $800,70105,'and the carrcnl incomo of the De-., pittmenl varies very little from the life of cur-, rent expenditures. Most of the service suspended: last year has been restored, and most oftho new . routes established by iho act of tbo 7th July, 1833 have been set in operation at an ancpal cost of $130,963. Notwithstanding the pecuniary difficulties of the country, the revenue of the Department appears to be increasing: and unless it shall be seriously checked by the recent suspension of payment by so many of the banks, tt will ba able not only to maintain the present mail service,-.but in a short time to extend it. • It is gratifying to witness the promptitude and Gdeli.ty; with which the agents of this department ii general perform their public duties. ~ Some difficulties have arisen in relation to contracts for the transportation oftho mails by road and steamboatcompanies. It Appears that* tbo maximum of compensation provided by Congress for the transportation of the mails upon rttl-roada-is not sufficient to induce some of the companies to convoy them at such hours as are required for the accommodation of ihb public. It is one of the most important duties of the General Government to provide and mamlam for Us *

■ The financial operations of >r tlio governmonl during the, present year have, I am happy to say, been' very succeseful.. Tho difficulties under which-tho. Treasury Department has-labored from known defects in'tho existing laws relative to the safe keeping; of the public moneys, aggravated by the suspension of specie payments by several of tlie banks holding-public jiepoaitca, or Indebted to public officers lor notes received in payment of public dues; have been surmounted to.a very gratifying .extent. The large current expenditures have been punctually met, and the faith of the Government in all its pecuniary concerns has been scrupulously maintained. The'nineteen millions of Treasury notes authorised by tho act of Congress of 1837, and the modifications thereof* with a view to the indulgence of mcrchanis on their duty bonds, and of the the deposite banks in tho payment of public moneys held by them, have been so.punctually redeemed as to leave lees than the original ten* millions outstanding at any one lime, and the whole 'amount* unredeemed now falls abort of three millions, Uf these the chief portion is not due till next year) and the whole would havo been already extinguished could the Treasury have realized the payments due to it from the banks. If those due froth them during the next year shall pe punctually made, and if Congress shall keep the appropriations within the estimates, there is every reason to believe that-all tho outstanding Treasury notes can be redeemed, and the ordinary expenses defrayed, without imposing on tho- people any additional burden, either of loans or increased taxes.

ol action, I have directed the estimatesjbr 1840 th be subjected to (be severest scrutiny, <ind to bq limited to the absolute requirements of.the public service. They will.be foundress than thq expenditures of 1839. by over five millions'of dollars. - -■ ‘ •*.• -: ./ -;

The precautionary mstiures which will bq recommended by the Secretary of the Treasury, to protect faithfully the .public credit .under the. fluctuations and cbntingcncea to which gar re* ; j ceipts and expenditures are exposed, and especiafly in acommerCiat crisis like the present, ordi your early attention,' v-;, ? ’ On a former occasion youfattehUon was invited to various considerations in Support of a-pre-emption law in behalf of the settlers on the public lands; and also of a law graduating the prices for such lands as had long been in the market unsold,'in consequence of their inferior quality, : Ths execution of the act which was passsed on the first subject has been attended with the happiest consequences, la quieting*lilies, and securing improvements-to the industrious; and tt has also, to a very gratifying extent, been exempt from the frauds which were practised under previous pre-emption laws. It haa,.at the same lime, as was anticipated, contributed liberally during the present year to tho rereiols of the Treasury. r

To avoid this, keep the expenditures within reasonable bounds, is a duty, second only in importance to the preservation ofonr national character, and the proiection -of our citizens in Weir civil and political rights. The creation, in time of peace, of a debt likely to become permanent, is an evil fof which there ia no equivalent. Tho rapidity with which many of tho States aro apparently approaching to this condition admonisKcsUs of our own duties, in* a manner too. impressive to-bo disregarded. One, not the least Important, late keep-the Federal Government always in a condijjou tq discharge,

The passage of a graduation law, vvtth the guards before recommended, would also, lam persuaded, add considerably to the revenue for ecveral years, and prove in other respects just and beneficial.

Your early consideration, of the subject is, therefore, onco more earnestly requested. The present condition ef the .defences of our principal seaports and navy yards, as represented by the accompanying report of the Secretary

Published evcry Saturday Morning, ;•> ■ Corner of Ferry and Market ifr<eb, Ferny, Indiana. 0 TEtlMs: v Pea te*i, paid-invar]vance ' - - - ' §2 00. t Paid withinsix months, - - • * • 2 50. 1 If not paid until the year expire?, - -BOO., ]{ . No subscriber mill bo taken for a less term than fix months, and in nil such cases the subscription money , will be required in advance. Subscribers not residing in the will be re- ( qnired to pay. in advance. , ■ - - I No paper wit! be discontinued until all arrearages t arc paid, t|nleis at the option of the editor. i • Bates of Advertising. —^ For one sqiiare, 3 insertions, - - $150 Each a«itional insertion,. - - • 20 j One square, 3 months, - - •' *..30U « e « - - . - - 6 00 a jo u . . . . 10 Ou 0 Twp squares, 12 tuonthi, : ' - • -15 00 1 Three squares, ; 15 months, - - ■ SO 00 r One column —1000 ems—per annum, 60 00 a Three fourths of dcolomu, J* • 50 00 t ; Half a column, ' ;¥ r I Fourth of tLCoIunm, - T - 2o (W f 'A deduction of 20 per cent, will 6* made on ad- j 'vcrtiicmcnts longer than a quarter of d column, when t inserted by the half year or year, and altered, . -All advertisement* authorized by staple must inrariably be paid for in advance. ' - *■ Advertisements coming fronf abroad must he hcm 1 companied with \he cash, unlesj 'ordered: for pupil- ' cation by a brolhor publisncr. 1 PRESIDENTS MESSAGE. 5 . j. Fellow-Citizent of the Senate ■ I ‘ 1 ' and Haute of Representatives: t \ < e I 1 regret that. I cannot, on this occasion, con- J the past year has LceiTonc’of I unalloyed ■ prosperity, f The ravages of fire and T disease have painfully affllcfcd otherwise ficur- J i a hi ng portions ot*;our' , couDtry; and acrioua cm- f barrassmenla yet derange the trade of many of 1 our cities. Rut, notwithstanding these adverse | circumstances, that general prosperity which has * been heretofore so bountifully bestowed upon us t by the Author of all'gtiod, still contindes to call for Qur waVmcst gratitude. ; Especially have we 1 reason, to Rejoice in the-exuberant harvests ' which have lavishly.recompensed well directed 1 industry, and given to it lhat.eure reward which * is vainly sought In visionary speculations. I I cannot indeed view, without peculiar satisfac- : lion, the evidences' afforded by ; the past treason 1 of the benefi ts that spring from tho steady deyq- 1 tjon-of the busbanilmaii to bia honorable pursuit. 1 No means of individual comfort is more certain, t and no source of national,prosperity is so sure. Nothing can compensate a people for a depen- ‘ deiice upon others for the bread they eat; and c tlisl checrfol abundance on which the happiness, * t of every one so much depends, iiTo be looked ( .Tor nowhere with such sure reliance.as in the ‘ F industry of 'fits agriculturist and the bounties 1 of the earth. , . j ‘ \\- With foreign countries,.our relations exhibit 1 fiivoralleaspect which was presented 1 in my last annual 'message, and afford continued : proof of the wisdom of the pacific, just, and for- ( bearing policy adopted by;thejirst adiniuistm- * tion of the federal government, and pttrEtieJ by ( ■ j[j successors. Tae extraordinary powers ves- * ted in frio by an act of Congress, tor the defence * of the country lit an emergency, considered ’so' < •fir probablo as to ’require that the Execiitiye I should possess ample means to meet it, have not J been exerted.' They have therefore been ktieh- ' ded with : no other result than' lo increase, joy I the confidence time reposed in me, piy ’pbliga: lions to maintain, with religious.exactncwi; tho 1 cardinal principles that goverif our r iotercounre ' with other nations. , Happily,In, our pending j questions with Great Britain, out of which this unusual grant of .authority arose, 'nothing his I occurred lo require its exertion; and as it Ms ' about to return to the'Legislature, I trust'that no future necessity may call forrita exercise by * them, or its delegation to another .department of 1 the Government. - | For the settlement of our Northeastern boundary, the proposition promised by Great Britain • for a commission cf exploration and survey, has j been received, and & counter project, including I also a provision for the certain am} final adjust- < mentof the limits in dispute, is nbw before the j ■ British-govemmcygt for its consideration. A just • regard to the delicate State of this question, and 1 a proper respect for the natural impatience of \ the State' of 3Iainq t not liess than a conviction - that the negotiation has been already protracted longer than is prudent on the put of cither gov- j eminent, have led me lo behave that the present- j favorable moment should on no. account be suffered to pass without pulling tho question fofev- I er at rest. I feel confident thatthe Government ; of her Britannic Majesty will take the same view of this subject, as I am persuaded it is govern- 1 ed by desires equally strong and sincere for iho 1 amicable termination of the controversy. ■■ ■ N 1 To tho intrinsic difficulties of questions of 1 boundary lines, especially those described in J regions unoccupied, and but partially known, is 1 to be added in ouc.cotmtry' the embarrassment * necessarily* arising out of our Constitution, by j which the General Government is made tho or- ' gap of negotiating, and deciding upon the par- ; ticular interests of the States on whose frontiers J these lines are to bo traced. -To avoid another 1 cootroversey in which a State Government might i rightfully-claim fo havo her wishes consulted, 1 previously to the conclusion of conventional ar- 1 xangemenls coocering her rights of jurisdiction < or territory, I have thought it necescary to call 1 ■ the attention of tho Government of Great Britain to anather portion of our conterminous do.- ( minion, of which tho division still remains, to i he adjusted, I refer.to the line from tho on- I trance of Lake Superior to .the most norlhwcB.' I tarb point of the Lako of the Woods, stipnla- i tions for the settlement of which are to be found in (he seventh article »f the treaty of The commissioners appointed under that article by the two Government* havingdifferedintheir opinions, mads aeparatojeports, according to its atipulttions, upon tho points of disagreement, and lheie differences are now to be snbnlitted to the arbitration of iom« friendly sorereign or