Vincennes Gazette, Volume 10, Number 29, Vincennes, Knox County, 24 December 1840 — Page 1

iO CJ 'TRUTH WITHOUT FEAR. VOLUME X. VIXCEXMW, IXOIANA, THURSDAY MOUAJDGs DECEMBER 2i. 1810. AO. 29

of

tun

I'tUotc-L tlizrris vf the Semite

un.l House of Rt , Ou r devout it'.IUe H .nvin" due t ,UO O'l- -!" ci):i!lgh th'' - m;dpro me Beintr mr j .ovod e :r v .. . i r 1 1 oi another ' of i i i- . t !.as tins f:: unio i lY p''.c. c' 1 i j : : i so genoraiU eve of di-yare. ,; t! ;;:!;nv re-.v;-.-core na-;e fries been n'.neo ! i ijiort th?n ?h:-r u;!,-!i l tin' v r-- : v u t'.v h thi? critical crjaiuJi.-ture 1:1 Urt world. A rigid ;uid porenonco from all mterfereric-1 ii ". t r.iij- - ') wit!i tio and jKmtjcai re.ati-vm o ' - - . an ! iior:iui"n: and i ti: reeled: a tinctivc char?"!?!- of o.ir ( Ji to the principles hv w hi;-a 1 faitld'ul observance. i:i ri;e mat our foreign relation?, of t'c.e 'T"!!ieir of prac'ieo of speaking plainly, denlin-. j'.iirtri" truth and i'.tieo ; jtis'iy, a:M rein return, a--- the tcsi conervativoe- of ;!:' ; c t.t nations;

a strict unpartiaii' v m our )ian!rerations "1 f friendship, in the coimnerfi"! privi!e.- , we concede, atid tlios-- we roijaire from others: ther-c aeconapa, rued by a disposition is prompt to maintain, in cvcr eijiergenry, our own riirhts, we are iVs.-i prineij.'averse to the invasion of t!n-. of oth-r?. have given to our country an. f govern;. i.-nt

a ptandin in t io reaf fanr.ly .f which we have just cans'- ! and the advantages of n ir.ch t n uns p'1 e r ' nenoea iy our cmon.-? . ir-:!:.: '.n Tt ion oi the eartii ur.v.ir, Fpnnt ;nay -r i'n.cm Fe t i-.nv. remain n.scnso .; valu 3 of our fri-m i-m: f T'.ns on which :i can u',;',-!i 't can a:, ne he i tlisfi -u!t in flc-ir adjust p. .'-r suoii ;.'' r Vet !. .. '! IOi" iv r:;. t n u m wjiic'n m" a :v n an i i !'"v v--a n r c i. a rn - V V in ti r ; .- .n a t; T '.:;' a. S:n v '. ' ore h 'Tl'.i an in-ve n i! t . ! o - lit a i '". s r. no arm . in our hapnv shore-, linr aniar.ces. v-i Dii:',!!.i n ! inked hv a. imiuv n r.a id int-..'restv ith lie ot:;er nr.ti ;sof mankind, our .-:tions are nervation t peact m w ho s i , at and i''ii.,".:r- wit a i; Jem vo civilizing; triuniplis all may y a generous emulation, u to he prepared for a: evr ; . d t.l -.n 1 - fltw a's rcc-iA-to maume.n t;a,.-' :i:'IK' 1 rmcm.os ot net ai in .4)ur.sc l.r a nica m-.s ( loyei ieneiu ever co; i : ot 1 d. Jnciie r itig empire?, it is only hy ii't't.c 'd conttmn-a-um.ng a re- ? lute -hearing, airi tuotmng t. , c ; t A ; 1 Avith defensive armor, t can niuint.Hin fhmr in le 11".;: p-n.l out r : ' w The exei;e;nenr whicii territorial controversy .'.-tweeii States and ( rr'it hntain liaving m meas-iro sum ttia able periof t'.enient. I is anprtvte.utig t r P1 ima! -"t 1 t!i Ttwemments must now ht -onvinced of the danger' w;:;i v mietion is fraught: and e must desire, as it is their mterest, tnri petv.al cau-e of irritation h a - tneir i. - peril removoti r.3 snce, luy as practica l:''. - .n -t J. L . - t I ... ... . . tft'-t annual message yoi wore mtorm-. tluit the prep sit:on for a 'Vimida u' ttxjiltiratiou and su;-ev p-o.; -. j hy ( !r m" Britain hal b?en roevivo 1, an i that a. Counter-proj "jet. intduding ads a a prov i?!n for tlie certain an 1 !i:ial a. j i-tnrmt oi the limits in dispure. wa.s then be tore the British (iovcrnmcnt for it? couMdernti-en. The answer of that ( Jovernme;;?. accompanied hv additional proposition.- of itsewn. Avas receive, i ...... .'.. . . . , tnrougn nunr-ter ne partition. I ire5.' . V.'

promptlv considered: such ns were deemed correct in principle, ant consistent a i?h n '"duo regar.i to the just rjghtsef the I'nited States and of the State of Maine concurred in: and the reasons for dissenting from tlr residue, with an a IHitional suggestion on our paa-tcommmiicated by tlie Secretary of State, to Mr. Fox. Tfrit minister, n"' feding himself s'-.tfieientiy instructeTi

up income of the p vmts raised in tne discussion, felt it to fe his tiufy to refer the ti o his own (Via ernm"nt tor its lureission. Having u w h-am f r me iter . 'li'T i'h s tin.- tim unhn- its adviseiivnur. a spjedy anwer may be confidently expected. Prtvu rim character of the point" still in and the undoubted disposition of s to bring the matter firm early '!!:: b di pa:u; cine u on. f l.vik w:t h entire continence ldenc 1 1 a prompt th'- n-'g.iti. vc re ;m; y. an t satistactorv trmiuation ot ition. Tlire'C oo;mms aoners :virt;A anmr tne anioiunmm, of Congres-, unuor fast session rrovitiing for no act ot t.it1 .io exp. oration and survoy of tho line which separate tne States hf Maine and Xcv. llampsliire from 'he Britli: Province-': they have been, ac-'r.-e v !:v tun o,l until tneir sirogroeM was i t t by tne inchmien"A- ot t ie s'

VI. u ,

a ,- cume

ir u'.vv :in ' a .

;n

taut men- respectn o exwill ti new r.-e. y. idld : ;;n TV r . na v ; s ill l.Mul ""t UVSS v, navt Ut cd?ev, here eh: : J too r" I l . a a so m va -" ami ii i. revr mine r her r 0 f-n; a v s . pdee; 1 riv' Willi .I'Ui ' S A'.' in'! i eir uir 1 of e, -, m.gcm s a l : i ! it i; i;r. in: v. I lover: 1 -.-a-'i ::. thr- ;; ; ... ly - i.'itit.? of from ;h ,rh.. 1 , ,i i iin'i'i ivroiii r.".n'-v in lil.K' o in' -i - I r , it.- a r : titrat ;on vi a i r in f of 1 tu f trinity . ith, :!vtreaty of (Ihent. ri 'urii'j-d hv t'r1 thi- p;-opoititn. '.With Atu:r;a. i a ne en No rr; I n y Th-i anid thf remaiififg I'tv.v ,rs f I lu ppv to inf.i-in you our rolali-' t ho ()f the most fii;--n-:I' ci With ivc.riu:n. a treatv of con in ' p-.la-, i:t innrce and r.avi-.-.iiori. has.-d upon li principi of reciprocity a:i a!it", wact:i-!ud4 in March last, and, Iiavine- h-'en rariti i i ,'iv Rtdian u nni; nt, ore tho Senate, v w m he tin i v lam t . e !!- nation o. a Ijustm ;t it pr nt of - o 1 1 1 t . t"ry ti. m oa.lv ionj-r ot ct -nt r. oersy; tans reuiovirig tviic v! w;ii''n a, n l!v ainl lu'Ue.aib.' ;uv u ' Hit. A m !.' i . i 'Ur ' '!)!! f e n rue tv. - !' n d' ;o 1 t er m. . n v ; a ' or .s u ;'. nclu led ' Au'n -; , 'wo. i ;, uat silt: let I n on i ' ' t , ' ' 1 " ; j 1 a: s o i (.Till n i ,. . it. 1 1 . ... I I niti-d !e ' "a1 f T 'Lm a i . , v io m w'n.x i ot ir rn-fi: or .npeU i :iey XA ill U !ai!'-r-ntuen tt.e ;e two con:.: iai i t s.' .n t t ;.t ( ih-rm ;h' i:.: id; -- " 'UV'-ti:' n again ha - been .s.u.t e piirjio.se of pro:;; mi' lor ; a i, i o tra .utc.l m; mt of c' li'T ti of til a IjU-taa-diited S: 1 o.-irm;... t!v: nanreus of tat - citizen.-: i -o havin-: i ton in Ar.gu "T-3i.n of i those c;....ua it.)ard. Til Or s u na: 1 . at ";- lingCe s in !:ie i).sa io ertmion'-. wore communic claims not en re la till to '-I t the hreeed h hie'-t of ne- ; nat co ntH'ii are now iai ion he '.U ( lovernm i:e -u: gn ' .a 'mm ti on; m'.ms; i M.ixi. ' i u ; i i g V Ot" o mo re i ns w h u.i'v ernments of ou'oi , ' , 1 ri gret. !:o '-,-(".-. to bo ohm: that til,'1 claim - t f our m m; ', ' ' U : :;; up :i iiave la-t r, ; ht Kite liCpubiiC "1 v or, .ii a;: Sep; i. .. .... ..,--.. i i -n s;Ui -;i'-u hrt ovh' OA' til' mn: m i; n.is i resoe, d. i a expre: t - of II I t:amg I hvrerni,al il : im ( io:i mtien t tlie tre m.. U.. not to o 1 S it wiil cease f- on the to I.e !2f:i v up m e 'l)e'"-m; i.e.: ".-oi V 'I "0 ( 1.11 when tho et. .;rao b"twee:' via; em;iirt w by exprea.7 stin " I: airords me I " you that the. l ni d no :;mea. ,n; i lever: e.l o f ( o m ::n: f th !i:a:i. isi;i; been ;i in m ' a. iit miormatn1 h in -tiiies tl mt of th...-e.-ernment. d's a:p.intt.'. of iv an e;.r 'LU : Cii.ii i up : l t h; i .ie cotmn; iOdt'-e of the ;aa's and i tiarv b u t en !.- - : ' p rf rec m puruonveiitiou betueen the I . was. for marking tho bu tithe;. i, have according to the eived fro a oar conmiission"r. s :rv.'" tent of tla an i e . o--a , , t he w io e eYvoiii are nort 1 otm t !;e w tern ta-u nh of the Sai'ine rivm, from it - r.. trance into ;h ( mil of Ie,c. to t';e !mr-ty-se-eon i degree of north latitude. i ne commission adjourned on the lfeh of dune last, to re-as.-"mble on the 1st of November . far tlie purpose of establishing accurately the intersection of the thirty-rmcond detrree of latitude with tho western bank of the Sabine, and 'he meriman one tnence fo TJeu River. It is presumed that the work will be concluded in the present season. The nresent somu condition rr their 1 nuances, and the succs with which mn-i-,iro..a:in in r".'-ari to tiiem. at tnm larrasmeiit iomiivetyl v overcome. . ttiourm mnra.im are matters up t t whicu fhe netmle. an 1 (Jovcmmanf of the rnhcl Stall's may. well congra.Uiai themselves. An overllwlug tre .s iry, howev er it ma; ihhe pros n- -.-.o-or ! d as an c idenee of p perity, is se!'!o:n ca.r.i' ;a e o.u IK nent. wed; rienee has Ot any ie p.e dul e x ; : i.einr,:i.-.t: 1 its mcomnatidi.ity with tae saiutarv action "i pouticaa mtitutions. like those of the I'mmd r i i' i ti. . : Our safest reliance for financial cdicicn.-y fn-l ind--;."nd'' nee !;a-, i th e.titti'ary.

lt IS UiHiL ! ! 1 II i i t'OUS -abb.,;? in

been ltiurul to consist in ample resources unincumbered with debt, and, in this ro- .....'. J - 1 ... 1

i i CI. tae red-ami t .oyormn-'io ( cc U ' ' C -. r singularly lortunato and truly eniui)'. n. i -r i I o!!rer"l iu n ihe iv o.'li.'i:'! )itir: March. v th ir!fi''iitio!i oi' i'.n- ;?i f 1S:?T. t!. ret riiM rovo!r.u3 oi I i i T i 1 'ut::n. N'enrlv ho im!' hr mi'iion-' f U d'arn ot a 'To. in pur -nance of its Up !l - , 1 . . ti -. i'h t!u :!' . v .pi i ! , and .1 ill v -i ,.:-d Juiv In M; n.-.ion f Ii'.'''!'' ,' ;.io,-e o.--M;rrd ' genrpecK.' pn. i!i'-n? hv tho .'. ith verv fev e.c.n i i,!-1 'hn-o r ft-', wore : ; v t ; m uliich tiin puhiic moneys 'ed, and tmon wh.ose )idelit' ; nit imu1 unfortunat. -ly ma-h-i t ., ,,n.;.n. i i t.ii' . jit;5 tvitltil d from tho pooplc. and i n-a; n c iar '!" itj.I !la. si- .ii e t' t:io p-tii.iiw'rvic-"1. nd th1"1 eco-,s in h.onki nr ' "i" v, htch if arose, and a '-d hy it: oeci; rnmce, i ann t'onu v. h; -h ma';', to priti'dp!'1 hail 1; s::mdi:t;ns re a,r rj a groat !.'! rt of extent, una ailah!" tic no iblie i n" tiitdi o' P'-nded the oolir-cri-n of many aei-ruhiix n merchant-' fnds: and greatly ro.iue.'d frm C!ioiiii ainl t!:e eifcts haoc confinut tic reonue arising public lainls. These d 'o opt-rate. in vaand. m at) thu 'in? in nial t lition to th ero.-mo in tne revenue two and a half mid'n" of on r im khsih l vi ii,. -o-i! trier the net of 1 S'Xl, and 1 1 a t r i n muen u rail: i re ead M'-'ii bv , t . .i" m T,orf asnet.ua! iogi ;'l" c in i ' " i r . it g : to ;:n :,) e-.imar y a re Siime 1 ) a had" Cent iiidiit m aon- ; !!"? s.-mulv ti- action-'. ; r.o. v, ccei A ! ! f'l li.-i.aa! diately ;:r"'-od u tthout ju !: ' t .. -h piadic i:'.: : "t. ' U abar'ae noon the Tr.-;'-'!! v . i;i ;me of th" diero'-.eo treaty abmo. ct w, I : boot iverf ;:: to otners arising out of . ha-. nlrea.H excr -led , . , moon tare. ti:at l'-r t . i or , , '. .!." .-om-er tne removal " . . , . , ,.in ! m oro;i i.di wcr-'- . , . irt"en Him;. '.;.-; ; rlv )a 'ii:i!'tv' ...ave reunited me '.an 1 1--'-nniii I'll'! o ot' i;i asm in 'io lid ta Ilia" o-t l(r n,l tne pu iio nu'":al sm.i"t n'-ariy tiiree mil ItIfbnis i;;ve. nowover. great na-asur'. ble tt s;i v, that. Ironi tae c.nimence ment rf t;:is periotl to the present day evi-ry diunand iipon tii" (iovornment. a , ii. ,. .i a I." 'Ill' or aerono. u::.'. n, oil i,.in,)nv ni'a 1 ms tins neon non. , 1 ii"t omy witnout ere ;a ing .no .. i . ri.uiLii. tu o I ianent mm', or a resort io a.o,;uion;..l tiiXiiiioii m any i"rm, nui in ui" midst of a ste;idiiy-jrogressive reduction I ot ei ing siil tmsr bnrtiens U',)ov tne e . consider.ai'ie i.i;m; 'io' t of'ta fmds. whitdi will r nam m tic r. Ttiesmi Treasury if end of tne -f 1 ! it ;i mount I"raasnr' noies, in exc ai'ding f air and .,1 . . . ' mli' ''.lt i,. ooitars. '-ti.: oiu-.a.oii- ' I o - - i.i :y tv, t ;i, v-miae mu.ion- oia.o tae I 'uit- d Stitttes n;ii' in tiepo"ite. witii no Ste.e.'s. is c.imposcl oi snail oiiiv as arc t vt ; tli'.e.tt.- have not beets presented for nam", '.idi'-y may he re lc. in''l out ol a accruing revenue, if the expenditures , , . ' . ; a ' ' . ! do cod me amount wmmi v. men tut y may. it is t.'.ongnt. b-- Kept witnout !reiudice to tlie public interest, anthe i revenue- shall prove to h'. as iargas may . ' o anticmaaed 1 A moag the rt. diet.' on - ;trimg i rom tne t.'ircuni'"';mC' one. !1 t tf il I it ing, is tne catisc it aisness nme.nt liad tho resolution ; ailiiere, in every emerCo gene exec re;u red. uitr. obligatio'is ot law: 'a ' .ct ' ace .;--.::ng 1 !'e coii.eimoon, ;tud thus needed, a rallying ;;e il i?s en:.-, of t' :. 'Alien : t - . wuum tn. iiv 3 ot the V, d' ie' na"t t a raile rc.-iilt vitally crest.". ir, to tlie ro surelv now trv ill i gat ne rnvarving sit. U t Iim rtant a ell m t Ci V lie. 1. me c;m he no di! rtmae of oninio.u in regard lo the it ; ri m ii moment. icalenlnhic evils that would have ' the ( lovcriiment. ttt that critical -.ad suiie ".-reil it'dl to be tieterret from m'hoMing the only trim standard o( vale, c: rci i;!ier lie the nressure u a'tvers iiv.;;mrt'i or the vio I'lli'O o mmierite 1 .1 ".mnciation. The manner in which tne poome su-ia.meti me - i . . i .1. , .1 tlo ni -1 . iv m.-t nco ot this tluty was highly honorable to t'ieir f u--titude ami patriotism. It cannot fail to stimulate their agents ,o circumstances, to the lint: tliiere. under all of duty; and Jo satisfy them of ihe safety, with which a course, really right, arid demanded in a financial crisis, may. in a community like ours.be pursued, however apparently severe its immediate operation. Tlie policy of the Federal Government, oxfinguisiiing its rapidly as possible the in ie national net cotteeueniiy. in : ei-v i 1 ing every temptation to create a new onserved to be regarded in the same iavorahh ut Among the many ol eetiop.s l..n.-i.. f a national u-bt. the certain tent l . V ..." "it :- of public securities m concent: mately iti the cefu-rs td mndgn : i.dders is one which is every day gaining i , m ot ength. .vt roan y nave tne ..- '..oa. ..- ..-i my of io me iiit.o it. ..ut o u, neir citiiTlls. neeii m'.eimnt. mort:vl to the subiects of j hiropean I love ru in: of tw elve millioniin'iio. i o.e am,' v..-,- tr t;inc ?no accruing mt oFunii lifirrowril money a x cee ling in If t ordirarv tcvi!

( 'nited States. TIh pretext which . 1 .is relation atfrds to f.reiirners to scrut::;i.o :!..! manatremnt of our 'o nc?tic .aiiiurs, if not actually to inter. uet'dile with them, presents a subject for our h"st atten-Ui-'ix, not to say of serious alarm, l'ortunately. tiio Federal tnvcrnment, with the exceptions, of an obligation entered into in behalf of the District of ColumKV1- u !licil must so;m be discharged, i Arho'iy exempt f . i m from any- such as is. it-T'eAo.! tvilii- riS 'TrT'tV .-O'mbarras vni-'f' ! -'i-'1-tu.' i.M t ' l ill I It '.'U. ud faithfully paid "nil creditors, ,'ias a i,, i eiif '-ti n .-en eniirey from !o!)t mamtann a ilitinctiun m-i so 1Mrai,k-' lo nnr naso iltsir.'Liat' tlonal eaaracfer. shonM he "n o:,Jrc olieitii lr-. Never s honV,J a rco earnest people, if it he possible t' avoid ir,rxIrlS naun lelvs to the ri .1 i ss.f '.."vefr tit treat of tho ivaco. the honor, or tlie sa fety of the Kepuhiic, with th lover luncnts of loroic-'i rrei ilrtr.s. wht. howo r!l u:-po-i thevmay be"- i"y;U-. m g-nerat. tVi.,iU. ...-...-.are neveriirdess byjhe law .'''l'10ir "u 11 e.on tition, mad1 hofne ...tb" -uccess find permnuen -- of uohtit'al institnt ions hke ours. .M"-t bnmiuatmg may he the emharra."'-men;q consequ'Uit upon such a rotnmion. A nor her oitiection rearcelv lca,s foridiil;ib!e. to tiie eoniiiK'tio'iii'Ui'nf a nr,w d'.d.tt, is its inevitable ted'!enc- to incre;ise in magnitude, end to foster national extravagance. lie lutslieen an unprofitable, observer of eve:its. who ... ,ai. ,n oiis da v to be ;: hnonished of the ililticnpif.- which a t '.overnmPnt, habitual1 K- ti-.., 'idem oil oan; to sustain if orui!V 1 1 n: r' tin', fa v 'pendimr t. enaomi. i'.lM-IHllttV .;!": iv e r m rei;v rmd nitaii:-;-. :e mha'dic f a ifiitiona! 1-. wlio emncn tne:nst-! e ';ecuriiies (or amounts r a, ; b- il-.nernm-; lid' t'i'l't.'.ii:!L' iv.ant'e a Pi'Ot ill' 'Ue ;c aa of individi zem'-nt m a ; ; r rt ' - coum r ie ;: uv ran l-l,.U.lf rs. who sock tl i e i r be s'.H'ks: oi ti:a rise and fall ot pubi. did c in-n .;r.p rlu:n.ic :: " '-a- f.-r works ot api, j..!.llHr dcu t t.ccomm , . "t Th" '.: ... :u:t of prin'"essit v 1 . t tut . r. t ; ' a ) e c , s too lr -')'' -el , II. a ,: an atc mt"rets. u i icii so many of The kllo 11 t.n - " nes v, ill be under !,; mi nt f iho hito mipose taxes for the er a r :eir o:-. lii rmshen ii.idi;m t very o.gent reason wli;V p.:. d C vci mi.. Id -iiou!. i re fri.id ti. ... v . i - i ....... i aong .- e;-:i).in;ii , tlehf. bv whicu the p-ople WtUil' i similar it 1 tit U Oi i.axiitioii for n bj"'"t. We toiSPSS, wit i,; sciv'.- anijic; resources for eery emergency: and we may 1 c quit'' suro tliat our citizim.s. in no fituro twieency. will be miwiiiing to supply the Government with ai! the moans asked for the tlef-moe f the coutitry. In time of peace there can. .at all v ent3. bo no jdsthit mtion f..r the creation of a permanent debt by the Federal (n.'Vf i'liiiii'ii; united range f,t con stitutional tln'a.-, may certainly, undor scch circumstances, bo pm formed w ithout such a re--rf. it ha. it is ren. been iivt.id.ai .luring f u;r yt a.r-.f great -r fiscal ditii-mbi" ?hau have exi.-te-l in a 5ri!ar perit'd r-.ncc t;.e a.d.'i:t::-u -u t..e '.'u. ului tion. and one also rem: rl;ed for the . '.ecu r s n c if cx'r;:or :r cause expen.tares. ut. to accomplish so d ci. t v tiling'' re indbpm siraiue an ob--r:bl '' - hat lie ;ic : : ion ot th." itiiin the Feii"rid !over::mo'ir be i ountiaries prei'enhetl by sec .tii II v. that all appro?ts admitted to be c.mstits foimtier.-: ano 1 uuatit -.;is ia.r iutioiiii!. an', he su'neetei we'd consul Tin? lirst de tliemselves, I tin1 ep mli! ire ot them io. t ard td t l 1 1 , ' i i . ; M i , ' i , m 1 practical economy. Ms c titer l y n tlm loople dt. t"Hniou-; they form of the ti of the c c: '.tutioli, atal true c istrucL couhaence t.iey renoa1 t.ue jo,iticu enrimt nfs. d th-o tiiey S"!eet :h their . . , - , ,i t repre.seti ives in ide l'.'C.'in: legisiiuure: ret up the fidelity with re r tic"' m ro' n na a ; ; o. e reptives. anu otuer ouijin iuncuonarie ! ,i:.. chiirgt" the trust commuted to them. The dulv of economizing the expenses of the jiuhii.' service is admitted on all hand-; yet there are few subjects upon whicii there exists a wider difference of opinion than is contantl yjnanifosted in regard to the fidelity with .f di that, duty is cine ha rged. Neither diversify of 'sentiment, nor even mutual recriminations, upon a point in respect to whicii the public mind is so justlx sensitive. can well bo entirely avoided; and least to at periods of great political excitement. An intelligent people, however, seldom fail to arrive in th.3 end, at correct conclusions in such a matter. Practical economy in the management of public affairs can have no elvers" influence to contend with more powerful than a large surplus revenue, and the unusuallv large appropriations for l.So may, witn i out doubt, independently of the extraordi nary reemitiops far tne pua.be .service o-j-owing 'Out of the state of our Indian reUilion1. be, in no inconsiderable i" d'gr?e. . .-.nd traced to tins source. Lue su.iu rapid distribution of the largo surphisthon iii tii" Trea.airy, and ii.e e.;uu'dy sudt'eii and drotreee.leritodi V f-fVCre rrvuls;011 the C'.imrnerce and business of the coutivan ig .vith unerring ce.-ta.r.ty t- a trotracted rt dnctit n t i tne reva n m.ue. strengthened the propriety ef the earliest practicable reduction of the public expenditures. Pul,to change a system wperatm upon so large a surface, and applicable to 8M"h uumrrou - and divrr?ifscd ut'arrf ts sr..! o'-

Wli'ja

jects was more than the work of a day. debt affords an apology, and produces, in Idle attention of every department of the eome degree, a necessity also, for resoning (.overnnuuit was immediately, and in to a system and extent of taxation which rinod faith, directed to that end, and has is not only oppressive throughout, but been so continued to the present moment, likewise so spt to lead, in the end. to ihc The estimates and appropriations for the comm'-ssion of that mcst odicus ol all otvf 18" fiho first over which I hid any fences against He principle of republican TT!nr6nweresomewl,3tdimiiiished. The government the prostitution of political expenditurea of 189 were reduced six power, conferred tor the general benefit, millions of dollars. Those of 18 40, ex-, to the aggrandizement of particular rtas-tdu-ive of disbursements for public debt ses, and the gratification of individual and trust claims will probably not exceed cupidity is alone sufficient, independent-twenty-two ad a halt millions: beii.-g e- dv of ihe weighty objections wh; h have tween two and three millions less than ' already been urged, to render its creation those of the preceding year, and nine -or and existence the sourees of b;'cf an,j ten million less tlcan those ot fP'T. UmappeasaJiC discorn. n wt a'dd to this. Nor has it been fojnj',ifcesss.ry, in order jits inevitable tendency to produce and foso prpiLve i.'.V res ult, to resort to the ; ter extravagant expenditures of tho public

power conffrred by congress, of post - poning certain classes of the public works, exceptby deferring expenditures for i elion period unoti a limited portion ol them; and wluch postponement ter- . .. minatedsome time since, ?.t t.he moment the Treasury Department, bv further -- ceipn from 'the indebted h;'"'"' nc"me fully acsm-etl of iJ ability to meet them without prejudice to the public service in other respects. Causes are in -operation which wiiLdPt is believed, justify a 81111 further reouuK .wtiQut injury to any other imporjjt": pajiooal interest. The expenses of yilstaining df troops employed inFlorida haVe.Wh graduallj and greatly retlucW ,throtigh ,the. persevering efforts of the War Depariaieaty and- a reasonable hope may be entertained that the necessity for military operations in that quarter 'will ay- reae. The removal of t'te Indiana ro:n within our tied borders " iK--oly compb-'ttd. I lie nfnsion lisfTrT' of the heaviest ch.arges " it i- . -u inon I tie JTw-tv, is rapiu.y iiimm:Mid.r bv deUi. Tlie most coswy of tiur public btftwlincs are either finished, nearly so. and we mny,l third;, safely po or omise ourselves a continued rxemp'io- .rem border diftlculties. The av?ulable balance -.',!.-. !vj hvirp e; t a 1 reaurv on thf 1st of Jatmiiy ni-x'. -Minnidlion and a bait (-'; a-, a tct This s. ...on t, nvifi'icii i r ,.f-i . '. from all soe.rcta c.vinng the next yexr, will, it is believed, be sufficient to enable the Government to meet every engagement, ant lave a suitable balance in the TreasurT at the end of the year, if the remedial meaures rnnctct! with the customs mid the public lands, heretoforerecommended, shall be adopted, ?.nd the new appropriations by congress shall not carry the expenditures beyond the official estimates. Th new system established vjr- con gress for the safekeeping of the public money, proscribing the kind of currency to be received for the public revenue, and providing additional guards and securities against losses, lias now been several months in operation. Although it might be premature, upon ah experience of such limited duration, to firm a defmiin opinion in regard to the ci'-mt of it-; influence? in correcting m my evils under which the I'Yderal G i,'f,rr"iip'it and the country have hitherto suffered espeeiany tbose that !i3ve grown out of banking expansions, a depreciated currency and official defalcations; yet it is but right to that nothing has occurred in practical operation of the system to weaken in th slightest degree, but much to sirengdien, the confident arivivfpaiion of its friends. The grounds of thee have been heretofore stt fully explained as to need no recapitulation. In respect to the facility and convenience it affords in conducting the public service, and the ability of the Government to discharge through its rjrrency every duty attendant on the collection, transfer, anil disbursement ofthc nnblic money with promptitude and su'cess. I can say, with cumdetv"0, tint t ie apprehensions of those who felt it to be tluir duty to oppose its adoption have proved to be unfounded. Gn 'he contrary, this branch of the fiscal affdrs of the Government has been, and it is believed may always be, th.es carikd on with every desirable facility and seeurity. A few changes mu! improvements in the d.etails of the system, without affecting any principles involved in it, will be submitted to vou bv the Secret-pry of the Treasury, and will, I am sure, receive at your bands that attention t which they may, on examination, be fouad to be entitled. 1 have deemed this brief .-.mm;ary of our fiscal a'dairs necessary to the tine performance of nduty specially enjoined upon me bv the constitution. will serve also, to illustrate more iuby tne principles by which I have been guided in reference to two contested points in our public policy, which were earliest in their development, and have been more important in their consequence, than any that have ar - oi under our complicated and diLiemt yeu admirable, system of Government; 1 "allude to n national debt, and a national bank. on: os It was m those mat tae pomieni --. by which the. country has been d "-"r since .;;i adoption "f the u ' const itut n. in a great measure, or'gi-'eit-'i I; ."Uld illere I lat misc. I tee. i w "j np h'-n i that tlie c.nuTfing lnferes? and 1 . - . , i i i . 1 1 e;-tn -."in prme io.es. t nus maia.mmeu. . m f...,.itiii!ita "Js-heretofore to pr.todee ammar i i J pr.todoe it not aggravated c.onscour nres. ('oniiiig mt ornce toe t! c'ar .e.l' 1 c ii-uuy of 1 pr toth, 1 h-p earnest! v or "1 tvent a resort to eitherT.he consideration that Pldd'c

jmoney, by w!:ich a necessity is created for new loans and new burdens on the i people: and. fm dly, if we rerer to the

, examples of t verv (ovcrntnent hrh i - ...,ii,...r existed, for m"m 'g , ""HI il is that th mptff an,? e . . i- r .a,.t-,- l.mantnJ m tne poncy oi a i.uu.o. , failed to r.rpand itself, until public credit was exhausted, and the people were no longer able to endure its increasing weight, itseems impossible to resist the conclusion, that no benefits resulting from its career, no extent of conquest, no accession of wealth to particular classes nor any, nor all its combined advantageen n counterbalance its ultimate but certain ' results a splendid Government, and an impoverish?-! people. If a national bank wa, r.s is undeniable, repudiated by the framcrs of the constitution as incompatible with the right of the Slates and the liberfes ol" the people: if from the begirmiur. it ha leer. regarded by lnrg. portion" of our citizens I'cmi.v' m direct collision '.Villi til 'it great and vital a-nr p.dment cf the constitution, which declares that all powers not conferted by .that instrumtnl mi u General (iovei ntnent are r.'-d'r-"! m.:m States antl to the p ople; il it h".-- hr-n uewed by them as the fir', gov, -vp ' the march of latitudinous ro--,!. cti.J:.. which, unchecked, would fii da, a '...a. .-3i i i :nt:umcnt t f a little v -.o'.a .c; .i unwtitten cousti'.ution, tiqmit would alon be, foe, its meaning, on thinterested interpretation of a dominant o-artv. and affording m security to the rights of the minority, if such is undemAb'y tfie" cae," what ' rational ground could have been conceived for anticipating aught but determined opposition 10 uch an institution at the present day? Could a ditfcent result have been expected, when the consequences which have 'flowed from its creation, ami particularly from its struggles to perpetuate . ! i . .. I . t its existence, had continued, in so striking a manner, the apprehensions of it earliect opponents; when it had been o clearly demonstrated that a concentrated money-power, wirldinc so vast a capital, and combining such incalculable ineaiic of influence, may, in these peculiar conjectures to which t?ih Government is unavoidably exposed, prjve nn oveimatcli for the political power of the propie tliemselves: when the true character of it capacity to regulate, according to its will and its interests, and the interest, of it favorites, the value and production of the labor ami property of every man in this extended country, luid bt.cn so fully and fearfully developed: when it was notorious that all classes of this great community hail, by means of the power and influence it thus possesses, been infected to madness with a spirit of bedless speculation; a-hen it had been seen that, secure in the support of the combination of influence by w hich it was surrounded, il coiud violate it9 charter, ai.d set the laws at defiance with impunity; and when, too, it had become most apparent that to believe that such an accumulation of powers can ever be granted without the certainty of being abused, wa to indulge in a fatal delusion! To avoid the necessity of a pcrnnnrnt debt, and its inevitable consequences, I have advocated, and cr.dc2vorcrl to carry into effect, the policy of confining ths appropriations for the public service to ijch object only as arc '.early within the rotr-titntional authority of the Federal Government, of excluding from its expenses those improvident and unauthorized grants of public money fur works of internal impovement, which were m wisely arrested by the constitutional inpns'.tion of my predecessor, ami which, if thev had not been so checked, would long before this time have involved th the finances cf the General Government in embarrassments far greater than thosr which are now experienced by any of the states; of limiting all our expenditures to that simple, unostentatious, and economical administrations of public affairs, which is alone consistent with th character of our institutions; of collect ing annually from the customs, -M the sales of public lands, a revenue fully adequate to defray all the expenses thin incurred, hut, under no pretence whNo ever, to impose taxes upon the people to a greater amount than was actually necessary to tlie public service, conducted upon the principles I he stated. In lieu of a national bank, or dependence upon banks of any descripfon. for the management of our fiscal affor, I recommended the adoption of the syiem 1 which is noV in successful operation. ri.st svstcni affords everv requt-itc :.i(.'otiiiuwd Cl fnurt'iyvr ..