Vincennes Gazette, Volume 4, Number 47, Vincennes, Knox County, 25 April 1835 — Page 1

NV Id voi,urfi2 4. VINCENNES, INDIANA, APRIL 26, 1835. NUMBER 47

IM(DHMKT

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V I NCENNES GA3BTTE t Pahlished every Salurdiry, Terms $1 50. if paid duriu; the year. 5- Oo. if p;iid in advance. Si CO, if not paid during the year. 5'1 f, for fix inoi tlig. Tn pers di scout unied only at t he option of the puMisher while Hrrenrasre? Rie due. i'rfAd vert'symcnt? making one square or less will ht in-t-rtfd three times for one dollar, and twenty -five cents for every subsequent insertion! longer advertisements in the s;nne ratio. Advertisements sent without orders, will in nil CKr!, lit; inserted until forbid, and charged accordingly. Such articles of produce as are used in a family, will be received in payment for snhtcriotioiis, at the market price, delivered in Viuceiiiitt. iLiosiri-:s or the I'rnidciioxLVs Fkbrcary 10, 3135. sunsT.cE of Tin: speech of J1R. Ell'LVG, OF LVDL1.W1, In the iloue of Representatives, on the lull to regulate the Deposiies of the Public Money in the Local Lank?, and in euppnit of his own amendment. Mr. EWING said he rejoiced that, after having in vain endeuvoied, at the Ust session of Congress, lo obtain ihe fLior on t'ne subject matter of the presenthill, he w-n now able to exercise that privilege. Lul at that period he should have gone more extensively into the subject than he now intended. Reflection h.vi convinced the people, he helieved, that the system cotiteiitplated by the provisions of this bill, was founded in error; (hat its action would prove injurious to the great interests of the country, as well as to public liberty iteif; and that a very brief examination would prove, that many of the arguments by which it was attempted to tie sustained, on that fl or, were utterly falLicnus. He viewed the system of State LEiiks, thus linked, as unconstitutional; and were it not so, he viewed the policy of the bill as injurious to the public interest, aod indirectly arraigning the Secietary of the Treasury for a deliberate violation of the law. For if (-aid Mr. Ewing) the Secretary of the Tieasuiy is justified, hv any law of the land, in exercising hi present discretionary power over the peopled money, it i- evidently an net of supererogation now to makeanolhf r law; inasmuch as it would only tend lo lessen his responsibility, without materially lessening the discretionary power itiw exerciied , and so far diminish the ex istin; security of ihe public luuds. It the present places of deposite selected by the Secretary of the Treasury be legal and secure, nothing more is required; and il not, this act will only increase ihe evil. If the great source of our national prosperity and revenue can exist without a uniform currency, founded on the ciedit nnd faith of the Union, then all the great statesmen and political economists of this nation would have preceded us, were unvvorthv of the reputation they enjoyed. Hut can this be So? Where are the evidences by which such an idea can be sustaine( evidence that can convince the public? Do the bill and arguments ol the Chairman of the Committee of Ways nnd Means (Mr. Folk) afford such evidence? A bill giving the control of power specially granted to Congress by the constitution to executive officers, sub.hluting a local S.'ale corporation currency beyond our control, and always subject to depreciation and os for a general and uniform currency subject to our control, and at all limes equal if not superior to i gold or silver. This ruinous change, loo, is to be effected, accompanied with a cry tint a specie currency is intended! which all know to be impracticable. One corporation monopoly under Ihe control ol Congiess is a monster, while posibly one hundred issuing paper at will, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, are to be as innocent and harmless j ns lambs. Why, sir, said Mr. Lwing when the Secunty and protection piovided by the Constitution for the regulation of the cui rency shall be taken Irotn the people an I their representees, and placed- in the hands of the Executive, 1 can ee no means bv which the gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Polk) will be able j in ar.-nrrwdish ht Hvowed i nrnose. He ; says he wishes to limit and define the discretionary power of the President; but is it by usurping that power and exercising it at his own discretion, which the Constitution vests exclusively in Congress, that this 'i to be effected? Prudence pointed In the period when the charter of the present Lank of the United Slates would expire, as the proper time to provide that a substitute should go into operation. This fiscal agency should be of such a character as to regulate the currency, facilitate and secure a safe collection and disbursement of the public money, and promote the various interests of the country. That the Constitution grants to Congress the powers of effecting these great public interest! will not be denied; nod that it is necessary to exercise them, it is folly for the Treasury advocates lo deny. The President recommended such a currency in his messnge to the 21st Congress; but he had never sen the sanction of the President for any such plan us that entf mplated by the bill. Th ily S'alo Lahk plan that the President ever icetouit)dd was oae of mutual gutran .-...WW , - ...... -

If. l.nt rlitl Lnnun to liP lltlprlv jmimn.i.. I. 1 1 I . i . ..

'J ' . , ' ,,;,:.-,,".; yi .luiuiuir ; ,itn iivhiv. ...... vu..templated acquiring the power conleired on the Treasury, by me oiu now ueiore it, is a matter of no consequence. Mr. Ewing d.d not view the p.tters vested m Congress by the Constitution a? transferable to the Treasury or Slate Bank Cor porations under any nominu guarantee. Still less did he view it expedient to disjoint the interest blended in ;t general currency, by sanctioning the local and conflicting interests to be created by the plan proposed by the gentleman from Tennessee, (Mr. Polk ) lie had now on his table a substitute lor the bill which, when in order, he should offer as an a me ml merit , w hich car lies out in detail the principle embraced in a lesoiution piesented by him at the last session, and referred lo the Committee of Ways and Means, but only reported on by implication. Ue would, how ever, leave that question to be discussed on its merits, (if tune permitted) and proceed to notice some of ihe arguments used by the gentleman fio.n Tennessee, (Mr. I'olk ) In order lo secure favor to his plan, the gentleman would impress the belief' that the great loss of the People1 money, formerly sustained when the deposiles were made in State Banks, was a misapprehension; that up to the charter of the present Lank there were no losses known, and the final loss was inconsiderable. Mr. Polk here rose and explained. lie said, from the creation of the old L ink of the United Slaies up to the establishment of the new, the loss lo the Govetmntnt was very inconsiderable Mr. Ewixii proceeded. lie was incapable, lie said, of doing the gentleman injutice. His explanation did not alter the fact he was about to argue from. Ue lioped the gentleman would exercise a little patience until he had concluded the argument on this point. The gentleman sas the loss to the Government was inconsiderable. Perhaps he supposes that our Government consists ot a unit, and as a unit il lo-t nothing; but he, Mr. L. .con sidered the llnee Depaitmenn of our

Government, equally omnipotent in their!()e curit.,lCV, moie parliculailv as some spheres..! action , and lhat the Constilu !m(;nuill r)(,'t learn from their own expert. Hon and law? control all. The actual loss - . n,i lh .....i,:. m. !ir ,inf nii11,0li

of the People's money, during that peri j tQ ,eJrn. fof thejr j1J(jrII)ent i perverted od, was nearly a million and a hall ot ,,v (he ew uho are ,naluI influenced by doll.iis! Lut that was only a tiille com- Sj"lt.c,a gHjn pared to the loss sustained by our citizens j (,e aC(1,.lfSCP(l jn a large portion of the m their various commercial transactions, argument of the genlleman liom Virginia, and ihe loss of confidence essential (Mr. Gordon,) though he could not suptrade. The loss to trade and to the in.,,,OIl a,lfeodmenl. The subordinate dustry ot the Stales, are losses to the olnceis 0f hlj government, or any man whole People ; and, as ours is not a Gov- t evVarded with office, merely for pail) eminent ef parly, but a Government ol seivjces should never become the depo--the whole People, all the losses and sacri- ltone4 ojr ,he people's money, with his fices inflicted ou them are to be taken into COl,sent- 'p,ial experiment would only exIhe account. The estimate of these ,em, ,,)e simster speculations founded on would show an enormous amount; but un;i;ir uiaS) ajreH,py encouraged U a iiiinaccurale estimate is impossible. That no n()S exletlt Willi thia brief exposition ol loss was discovered f:om the tailing ol the j ,u, sentiments, he would await Ihe opporold to the establishment of the present ,llrii,y to present hi amendment, and ex-P-inkof the United States, is accounted j j,rt,Ss' j,is view p more at la rge . for by Ihe fact that no settlement waxle-j rA, a3 Mr. Kwing look his seat, manded of thern by any fiscal agent of ihe Uj r Moore withdrew the amendment he Government during that period; and their j ,:ul olfeied to the amendment of his colinability to refund the deposite could not j eague (ie pending, and thereupon Mr be discoveredtill they were required IOiLwing offered a new bill of twenty-seven make a final settlement. Il was then on-fecljen3 as amendment to that of Mr Iv that their insolvency could become 1(;niinnv The Chair nrnnnnr.red th

known; and the amount of it, at that pt1 1 oil , has been since lessened, and the ac counts closed on ihe books of the rieasury, by compromises for property, which, in some instances, has been sold by ihe Government for one-tenth of what it cost the nation. Such are Ihe facts bearing on the delusive arguments Ihe gentleman presents to influence the deci-ion of the House, atid the opinions of the People. He desired all to consult belter authority. The ideal loss the gentleman estimates as being sustained by the country through the Lank of the United States, he would leave to be noticed by friends of lhat in stitution who tvere belter acquainted with its transactions thin he could be. Lu! the loss to the Hggtegate wealth of the West in the exchanges of trade under a local bank system; the delay, hazird, and inconvenience, to w hich the West will be subjected without a geneial currency of easy transmission; the loss of a bonus lo the Treasut v by ihe establishment of the plan he (Mr. Polk) contemplates, togeth er with Ihe uncertainty, trouble, and contention, which it must inevitably generate, are not to be overlooked; nor is Ihe unconstitutional heresy, that the Executive should control the People's money, which, (if he can control the Secretary of the Treasury) this bill would confer upon him, to be left out of the estimate of the consequences. The present corporate Lank of the United Slates has been de nounced as a monster, and stands at present condemned for interfering in politics; but what will the State corporations hecome when controlled by those politicians whose avowed creed and motto is to "re ward their friends and punish their enemies?1' They will certainly he indebted for the benefits they enjoy to the favor ol the President who has certainly too many favors at his di-posal already and if wc could not guard a bank under our own control from political influence, how cao we restrain these State institutions from pursuing a similar course, when they are entirely beyond our reach. The question i not whelhtr the Lak the

i""""' - "'"" uie" country; lusnow.t.ons to Ihe State?, in relation to the cur-

i, question wtieiiier the present ornny lu jiu.e President shall rule at his discretion,

unci change the nature of Ihe poweis andj,jVes 0f the people, some such institution

l"",lT p'escnued by the lonatuu

tion. Let it not be supposed bv anv. saidl'd.l. ,. .r .t.' .

Mr. E , that, in the contrast he had drawn; "viMtcniJC Uinj nunuieu monsters, he was the advocate of the existing Hank, lie was opposed to the granting of character to any institutions created lor in dividual 1 gam as fiscal agecls of the ernment

t he Institution he should propose hasjjty an( prosperity, lhat he would conhe Const, tution only for its charier; willjUne himself at present to the exam.nbe found conformable to lhat standard ;-; a,jon of some of the arguments he had and can be regulated by the people's iep-heard urged against the establishment of resentai.ves from t.me to time in any ,,,. ' lan for iwui a efiefi)l curf,nCv. I.cular, and tor ihe benefit ol all. The j The'conduct of the present bank,and the use of the people money and the hypoth- Abuses alleged against it. are not involved ecai.on of their lanh should be scdel) lo, ;jri ,his qtjon;-aiid the municipal contherr profit and entirely under their con-jcerns of the States in their banking cortrol; and Ihe amendment he contempIa-jrora,iorSf lie;Ii? beyond our control, ted would accomplish (his desideratum,! Mer.t jn hj3 vieWt equally foreign to the while it would be entirely fiee fiom all!s jeCf. He knew lhat the constitutioncons.itutional objections. He was awaiejhMy of the national bank or institution for that Washington and Madison, w ho signed j issuing a national currenc v has been ques the first and last Lank charters, did nni),;ontM, j;,,, ,ljs js exploded doctrine . think corporate banking powers unconsti-t j, ,he mode of obtaining, not the object tutional, nor as u.juiiousto the light otuhe obtained, that produces any acquire people; but the matter has betn again I etcence in such opinion; and even ihose agiialed by vvoful and oppressu e exper i-! n 10 entertained them here, seeing the menls; and although he would yield his Executive power accumulating, in the assent to those acts brought into being bylphn of the Committee of Ways and such men, yet whenanew fiscal agent has 'Means, while the great commercial, agrilo be created, he could never .o,etit to choral, and manufacturing interests of the establishment ot any corporate mo- ,ie country are left unprov ided for, by the

nopoiy, unless u ue lorced upon him as cheice of evils j ue genuemao labors to force the necessity ot such a choice; he keeps out of view every other expeiiaienl but that of the Treasury plan, and ihe existing cor porate powers of the Lank of the United States. The one would lead to ihe relinquishment of the constitutional power of ihe people, the oiher has fallen beneath a long continued denunciation, as well as from the jealousy of its power. He was not opposed to experiments they lead to the acquisition of all knowledge but he would not, after a lair trial, 4 bu) the whistle too dear.'' The interests ol the Union w ill not allow of it in relation to menduienl out of older, as il contained a clause making an appropriation to carr) the bill into etl'ect, which must pass first through Committee of ihe Whole. Mr. Ewing then modified his amendment by sinking nut the section containing the ap propiiation, and thus continued He now rose to remark briefly on the amendment or substitute sent to the table, and lo move, before he resumed his seat, to refer it, wilh the amendment ol the gentleman from Virginia, (Mr. Gordon.) and also the bill of ihe Committee of Way a and Means, to a seleci Committee to consist of one member from each State in the Union. He said he adopted this course be cause the subject was of deep, general .and vital importance lo the whole coun try. Us ttlecls will remain when the passions and parlies of (he present day shall have passed to the bourn of oblivi on; and it should be presented to this House and discussed free of all party predilections. In addition to thee conside rations its bearings cannot be full devel

oped in the House, without a great loss of! pie will scarcely sanction sinister changes, time; and as a project arising out of the L were folly to assert that such an instinovelty and necessity of the present cir- mtion would be dangerous to liberty.

cumstances, the propriety ot the course

he contemplated was with him impera- nnd governed by them, and neither the live. He said it originated in necessity Executive nor any other branch of the the parent of invention. We seldom, said Government will exercise any permanent Mr. E , carry our thoughts beyond ihn iai-Jor paramount control over il The good of pulse, as the progress of our institutions ihe many, will, by this establishment, he and the practice under them clearly substituted for that of the few; the relaprove. Having declared his opposition to tive interest of the States cemented, the

the granting of charters to individuals, lor the purpose ol issuing a currency on the credit of the United States, and offered a resolution at the last session covering the same ground which the bill he sent to the table carries out in detail, he had studied to mature a plan in accordance with the supreme law, insuring stability to the curiency of the country, and di - vested of those objectionable points, to which all corporations, whether of State or United Slates origin, are exposed. The specified powers of Congress, as laid

down in the Constitution, he contended jto the satisfaction of the committee Conner tovrign powtri; and tbs prohibi-1 templated to be appyiottd. Ue nm ten-

rency, embraced in that instrument, (!e

Itiand at lllP hanih it ilia roniaanti a9 his amendment contemplated, an.-J .'or I. v th. It. the time f the House now by reading the constitutional clauses to which he alluded they were within the knowledffe of all: and a uniform rnrrenrv. fn

Gvo-j,egulate commerce between Ihe States, l WHl CO nhviniislv aisnnlil tn llisir ennui.

a,dijointed institutions established by the Stales, would not surely abandon the ex ercise of a power vested in Congress by the Constitution, to increase the power ot another department, which, through the aid of patronage, is already overw helming. The Constitution, as he read il, placed the treasury in all its bearings under the contiol of Congress; and shall Congress be called upon to place the Peo ple s money, under the management of the Executive, in Lanks whose abuses they can only know through their ow n voluntary exhibitions? Liils of credit of the States at the present day might form a sort of general currency, but their i-sue i prohibited by. the Constitution. Surely ihey are rot authorized to allow corpo i ate associations to do w hat they are denied the power of doing themselves. He held that the name did not change Ihe character of the issue, and lhat there is no practical distinction between hills ot credit and notes of State corporation. The powers of Congress were granted not for local but general purposes, and when they are not exercised for the general good, ihey must be abused. He con tended for the power to create a Lank, but it must be a Lank to benefit the Peo pie w hose power should be exercised in its creation. He viewed a specie curren cy impracticable, and operating as a severe lax upon the interior, in their commercial intercourse and exchanges with the seabord, independent of il delay, hazird , and inconvenience. With equal Pi ivileges and equal rights, the people of the interior will not rest satisfied with any description of currency that shall operate as a tax or inconvenience exclusively on them. And between Slate Lank paper which must depreciate according to dis tance from the place of issue, and a promised specie currency, known lo he impracticable, the certain advantages of the currency afforded by the bill he had offered must be obvious. That bill, sir, said M r Ewircc, will in crease ihe capital, enlarge the resources, perform all the functions of a national bank , and afford all the facilities of exchange and transfer which the wants of the People and the Government absolute ly require. It is evidently free from all valid constitutional objections; and, under the direction of responsible men, having no peculiar interest in the institution, ex- . t i-t " f .1" cepunir in a i wnicn arise rrom meir aaia-1

ries. it cannot fail to be exempted from alldan has heen designated a ihejlilest man political influence, other than lhat which ! ,0 hH the seat ol Mr- Darr "t

may be directly imparled to it by Con , - giess. I lie equality ot rights and pi i vileges under the bill proposed, cannot he departed from; and if, from time to time it should require amendment, no particular individual or party interest can be properly consulted. Indeed, the slock being inalienable in Ihe States, the Peo- ; It will belong: to the People, be regulated 1 perpetuity of the Union secured, and an additional safeguard afforded for the equal rights and independence of the People. That Ihe powers directly granted to Congress, to regulate the courency with a view to the general welfare, and the pow ler to make all laws necessary to carry Jmto effect such delegated pow ers, and all jothers, vested in the Government of the i United States, or any department or offiCer thereof, are perfectly consistent with the features of my proposed amendment, hold myself in readiness to demonstrate

sible, if the commitlee le refused, this amendment cannot preval, in as much as his hasty and superficial views will hard, ly he understood by the House. When he took his seat this morning, I e had no suspicion that the subject would be called up to-day; and unless a decided charge of opinion be effected in both hranrhes of the Legislature, (which is baldly to be expected,) a protracted discn.sicn of (fit measure will operate a wanton waste of time , and have a tendency to defeat much legislation of the utmost impoilance to the country. Entertaining these views, he should not have offered this amendment, nor said a word upon ihe sulject, were it not that he stood pledged to his con-tiiuents to vindicate their inleiesls, whenever the subject of Ihe curiency shall be agitated in Congress. And on (his occasion, he deem

ed it his duty to urge the proposition mbmitted by him, under a sincere conviction that their immediate and ultimaie prosperity are deeply involved in the question now before ihe House. Mr. Ewing then moved that the hill, with (he amendments, be referred loase lect committee, lo consist of one member fiom each State of the Union. 1'OLITICAI. ltLGlSTLK, 1UU 1833. The subjoined ai title 'will be worth preservation, as a matter of reftredce. UNITED STATES. Andrew Jackson, of Tenn. President. Mailin Van Luren, of N. Y. Vice President John Forsyth, ol Geoigia, Sec'y. of Slate. Levi Woodbury, of J. H. " Treus'y, Lewis Cas, of Ohio, " War. Mahlon Dickerson' of N. J. ' Navy. Win. T. Larry, of Ky. P. M. General. L. F. Lutler, ol N. V. Attorney " Jno. Dell, of Tenn. Speaker ol the House. GOVERNORS OF THE STATES. Elected. Maine Robert P. Dunlap 1834 New Hflmnshire William Badfitr 1S34 Massachusetts John Davis 1E34 1C34 1C34 Vei moot Uhode Island Connecticut New York New Jersey PeniiS) Ivania Delaw are Mary land Vuginiii North Carolina Win A. Palmer John L Francis Samuel A. Foot Wm. L. Marcy Peter D. Viootn JE34 U34 1C32 1132 1834 George Wolf Caleb . Lennett James Thompson Lit. Wr. Tazewell 1333 David L. Swain 1 834 Soulh Carolina George M'Duflie U34 Georgia Wilson. Lumpkin 1C34 Ohio Robert Lucas 1834 Kentucky (Acting) J. T. Morehead 1832 Indiana Noah Noble 1834 Joseph Duncan 1834 David Dunklin 18.33 John Gale 1833 William Carrol 1 833 IL G. Kunnells 1833 Edward L. White 18c3 Illinois Missouri Alabama Tennessee Mississippi Lousiauai From our JVashintOT Correspondent. EXTRACT TO THE EDITOR, DATED Washington April 2, 1835. It is not yet ascertained by the Kitchen Cabinet whether they will be able t drive Mr. Larry from the Post Ollice Department, hut it is well known lhat they are straining every nerve lo poison the mind u( General Jackson, against hi old fiiemi, in order lhat he may give Air. Lany a hint lo leave Ihe oflke, and tnka the mission to Spain. Ly this move, they will git not only the entire control of ti e department, to be used as an electioneering machine for Martin Van Luren, but they will be able also to reap all the credit which will flow from Ihe sy-tern nf retrenchment and economy which Mr. Larry has introduced, for the purpose of rescuing the department from the stigm t cast upon it bythe mismanagement treachery of those in whom Mr. Rurry had unbounded confidence. Air. Ken feare-J that the public feeling would re volt at such a locum (evens. Your present Gemor is spoken of as a marketable commodity, and it is considered good policy to buy out his interest in the Gubenalorial chair of Pennsylvania with the Post Office Department. Mr. Muhlenberg could then take the Lewis'own no m in a tion, I suppose, without any danger of dividing ihe monster party. Public and pi i vale feeling here is in. dignant at the course pursued by General Jackson towards Lieutenant Lane, who made the unmanly attack upon Mr. Ewing of the House of Representatives. There was not a particle of testimony given by Mr. Lylle, or any one else, to prove either that Mr. Ewing had spoken disrespectfully ol Amos Lane1 lamih, nr lhat young Lane had called on Mr. Ewing lor honorable satisfaction. The truth is known here, lhat Mr. Ewing would promptly aud fearlessly Lave met either of the Lanes. Pennsylvania Inquirer. Mr. T. Laurence, an old "Turfite," a' d formerly "a great gun." and "star of ihe first magnitude," at TatlersalPs. is dea-'. From a step of degradation he finally became an inmate of the lap-room of Tcm Cribb the pugilist, and finally lauded i the workhouse! What a lesiou to th fancy ! Evtning Sur.