Vincennes Gazette, Volume 4, Number 46, Vincennes, Knox County, 18 April 1835 — Page 2

.aSlETTTE.,

svthishav. apkii. is, lsnr. Tlie edi'or of llie Sun harp;- much on Mr. E wing's Rank Pt eject, and hit being of a minority of one. The editor, we take it, i n pretty warm friend of Genual Jackson, and yet that same General Jackson found himself in Congress oa a certain occasion, when a vote of thank to General Washington was advocated at the lure that the Saviour of his country w as ahout to retire from office, in a minority cf seven, if we recollect correal). We wcjl-l not ourselves be found in so i lean company against so good a cause, "No, neicr, never, nerer." Jackson men ere the last that should complain of Mr. Ewing for being1 in a minority. The Virginia elections are now in progress. Many of the candidates heretofore attached to tha Jackson ranks, hare declared themselves in favor of White. and he has also been nominated in North Carolina. This augurs ill to the magician of the north. Virginia gone, North Carolina going, South Carolina, Alabama and Tennesse, almost unanimous against him. If things go on as they have begun, the whole south will in a short time, present an undivided front egainst Van Iliiren. It is cheering in these degeneru!e times to think there is at least one pan of our country proof ogaiusl the influence of power and the blandishments of corruption where those in power art looked upon as the servants of the people,' and i.ot as the distributors of rewards. We hope and believe, the nest will follow the example of the south in resisting the encroachments of power. Toil Ojfice It appears by the Wash ington papers, that the difficulty between Mr ,T r, , , ii. ' v an Bjren and Major Larry has been: ntitiftfAt rwl I , o M-iirtw. ia n..f t V, . , I "" j 1 " - c ivjiii. j ed out cf offce. We presume Mr. Van! Buren finds him too serviceable to parti with him. fTrraftim. lo an editorial article in our list week's paper, an was caually omitted in (he word black, which made the article read very awkwardly . It should read "pot calling ths kttlle Hack." We are authorized to announce John Ewing as a candidate to represent the counties of Knox, Daviess, Martin, Lawrence, Green, Owen, Putnam, Clay, Vigo, and Suliivao, in the next Congress. j CANDIDATES FOR CONGRESS. We are informed that the following gentleman are candidates for Congress at the approching August election: In the tt District Ratuff Book (late member) and Jchn G Clendenin. In the 2 1 District John- Ewing (late membr) and John W. Davis. In the 3d District John Carr (late member) and Chaulfs Dewey. lo the 4th District Amos Lank (late member) and George II. Dunn. In lh 5th Distiict Jonathan McCarty, (late member) James Uariden, and John Fivley. Ia the 6th District, no candidate has yet been announced. In the 7th District Edward A. Uanjseoan (late member) and Albert S W H t T E . TO THE CIT1ZE.VS OF K.VG.X COU.ViV. The formation of an agricultural society, for Knox county, has bcei proposed; hnl nt a preparatory meeting, at the rourt bouse on the 4th day of April, the r.nders'gned were appointed a committee tf solicit the attention and to obtain the approbation and support of the Tublic. We address ourselves not only to the formers of the cc jnty, but to the Public. because we are convinced that the publicthe mechanics, the merchants, the professional men, as well as the farmers. re interested in the matter; and are as mn-h b 'n.i by that regard, which all prudent men pay to their own interest, to give to the proposed society, their support. If there is any difference, it is only this, the interest of the farmers is immediate, that of the other classes consequential, in the increase of agricultural products and profits. Cut it is all direct, and cf paramount importance. The citizens of Vincennes, generally each fall, subscribe liberally to the purse for a horse race; because it is said to be their interest, in consequence cf the money spent by the numbers collected on such occasions; and this, notwithstanding the acknowledged immoral tendency of sjch collections. We aak them, now, to promote the same interest, in r different manner. We ask them and the farmers, lo unite in patronising an institution for the jptir;mse of improving the knowledge, stim aiming the exertions, and increasing tiie prcti and resonrr.es of lh farmers; nnd thus t'ecefi'ing all classes an institution tn. wnich will substitute the agriculture f.n'r and cattle show, and all !iioe innocent pleasures in which cur families may piofiiab'y participate, fortb.H a'o filiations f the race pala. Agricukuial societies have

been well Innwn for many years. In some of the Slates, their formation is encouraged by legislative grants of money Such is llie case in Indiana. It may be truly said, and the fact U Us volumes, that in those parts of the Union, in which farming is best understood, wherever the farmers h.ive most knowledge, wher . ever the most profitable crops are pro duced, wherever the stock is of the best kind, w herover indeed, farming as a proi'ts!fn is iu st respectable, and as a business is most profitable, there are agriculture societies. W'e have before us the

example of Massachusetts, of New Yrk, atnl of Ohio bo example that may safely be followed , w hether the ol ject of pur suit be public rtility or domestic comfort, 'he diffusion of knowledge or the increase of profit, the attainment of the greatest , sroo I or ot the most money.

V, e are all conscious that thei e is great j meat of our lands, and consequently a conroom for improvement amongst us uot tinually increasing quantity of grain, or only each of the undersigned, but each j grass or roots, from (he same fields at the person who may read this address, knows, ; least proportionate expense of labor. nay, feels the truth of this remark. The jAn agricultural society, only, can produce products of our fields prove, each sort of, this result amongst us. The mode in our stock shews, that it is necessary forjwhicli it will operate is plain and easy. ;is to do something. It has beenoftenIt may offer three premiums, of fifty dolobserved, that mechanics who go to farms.jlate, thirtyfive dollars, and twenty dolrmke the best farmers. The most pro- !ara, for the thiee best fields of ten acres habits reason t'uat we hare heard is this:!of lands which have been in cultivation farmers are teEiiciops of old habits, nnd heretofore, say ten years, and which dur-

are timid in expei iments; the tnechanicimg the next five years shall produce the turned farmer, feels that he must learn ;most profitable crops at the least expense

without prejudices to bind him tu nny paritcutar sysiem, lie seeks inlormalion from the best sources; w ith equal industry and frugality, he will exccll those who will only do as their fathers did. An Agricultural Society will net cn the farmers precisely as his necessities act on the mechanic removed to the country. It will stimulate them to competition, -and it will excite them to inquiry. When better crops are produced, or finer cattle shown, or more industry or superior neatness evinceu, uie socic.y win mfua t lie ex sml''e public, and the body of our farmers will acquire thf first requisite to improve menl llie consciousness of the want of knowledge, and the conviction that their own situation is capable of advancement. They will seek improvement, Hnd they will olliin it. Our implaments of husbandry will b improved superior stock wiil be introductd the application of " i"c luiauun oi crops ivi ue .. , , , , , . it'. r ... ... ii Iie prey ncuieil men if the pctriarchs of the land stand still, the joung men nt ,east 'll go ahead; nnd Knox I ,,,f ,11 ii, ,u . .1 . ..it, rv-.m in:ic IIIUI plcUIQII 111 aC Str.te, to which i's loral advantages, its cbnute and its soil, entitle it. lo England,) six huncreu year ago, the average rrop of wheat was about twelve bushls per! acre; four hundred vears since, it was fifteen bushels; one hundred years go, it

w?.s about twenty bushels; it is now liven- ol the race nath, witn its long irain oi ty-eight bushels, r.nd in Middlesex nnd j immorulily gambling, drinking, and disother couilies near to Londoo, is forty Isipation. Tor this, tha undersigned debushels. The underfigncd respectfully sire to substitute, nt the very time and ask thinking men, if this improvement place of our annual race, the useful agri can bo attributed fo any thing but the a ullural address, the interesting exhibi-

qui-iitioo and diffusion of agricultural knowledga? If proper measures are adopted, fifteen bushels of wheat and thirty bushels of corn, will cense to be our average crops. Our lands will annually improve our stock will be changed our farmers will be enriched; and not only this, they will become more worthy of respect, and consequently w ill be more respected. For, without knowledge, the farmer is a mere laborer, an hewer of wood and drawer of water; with know! edge, he is a man of science, and his business is a profession, more respectable, because more useful and more independent, than any other. Agricultural Societies operate, by the exhibition of stock, of tools, and of the products of domestic iudustrv; bv premiums aod certificates; and by the diffu sion oi knowledge, by means of discus sion, iccounfs of expei i.nents. ess i vs. and the formation of libraries on agriculture and subjects connected with it. Their

operations havo general!' had refereticejaa by some accident, or freak of nature, to three subjects : exhibit a greater or less circularity of the 1st. The fouls of the farmer, and thejtpine, or elevation of the hips, or length lime and manner cf u?iog them. jof head or of neck, or of leg, or of teat, 2J . The improvement of farms by raa- than may be ordinary ; these are all Engntires and the rotation of crops. jlish, on the principal perhaps, that an 31. The improvement of slock. The j etray had got into the range. It is cerundersigned respectfully nsk the candid tairiv time for us to learn, that it is as consideration of a few plain and extreme ' easy 'and more profitable, to raise a three Iv sincere remarks, which they intend tolyear old that will sell for twenty dollars, submit on each of these iuljects. than a four year eld that will bring only Many of the tools, most important to Men dollars. We presume too, that six or

the improved sys'etn of cultivation, are scarcely known or never used in our coun ty; the cultivator and the roller for instance. Others, the Plough Bnd the cutting machine, for example, are upon the most ordinary and least improved models. - and are made in the most carelees man-

ner. An agricultural society will impartj proved stock ; others vr ill turn their alto our farmers, the knowledge of the util- j teution to the improvement of the native ity of various tools, not now here in use; slock, by breeding only from choice aniand will also by premiums and exhibitions,!ma!s of either sex and of the proper age.

stimulate our mechanics to the production! of. the verv best articles of each sort, and excite our farmers to the most advantageous use of them. One rmaik- will shew how beneficial, as well as how necessary this is. A few yean ago, some experiment' were rade under the direction of the Secretary at War, to ascertain the comparative force tequired to worl. different ploughs The ploughs tiitd were all of the improved kinds, and the experiment shewed a difference of uearly ooe half. All new lands possess a Urge portion of vegetable matter; and even the Hunts my be so managed, ns lo irrtj rove continually. Some of the het and uios' profitable farms, now in'the United States. hve been made on thin sandy laud. A'l lands, evfrQ the best, if not propeil

m"ingtl, will deteriorate. I" our county ' generally, heretofore, tho effort has been merely to produce a crop, at llie least expense. One effort should be, to produce the best series of crops, for an indefinite period with the least labour. For this purpose , science must be called in as our hnndmail. Natural rhilosophy and chemistry must open to us their stores. A knowledge of the process of vegetation and of the food of plants : of the effect of the sun, and of the winds and frosts, upon different soils: of the principles of lei mentation, ami of the action of heat and

moisture; all become necessary, and can le easily acquired. 1 his, once in our possession, will enable us to practise such iau application of vegetable or animal manures, such an use of the plough, the barrow-and the roller, fucIi a rotation of icrops, as will ensure a constant improvejof labour. The Society may suggest the mnia ct cultivation in its opinion the most jadvisable; it may recommend the sorts of manures to be used and the tune and manner cf application; it may advise the use of tools, the species of grain, the sor ts of grasses; bin must nevertheless leave all these, to (he discretion and judgement of the Fanner. The Society can only regard, ia the end, the results that is to say, the produce, the latiour, and the 'state of the soil, at the termination ef the ITnorimDhl rAninarol it'iflt it tfl(0 at I Ii o commencement. By such means a few farmers in each township w ill be excited to inquiry and exertion. The results thus produced, will furnish examples to others. A man cannot rest content, with thirty bushels of corn and fifieen of wheat, and without any grass, when his neighhois on a similar soil, in a similar situation, at the same or less proportionate expense of labour, obtain sixty bushels of corn, or thirty bushels of wheat, per acre, and plenty of gr.-'si!. It is impossible. lie will enquire, he will imitate, lie will improve. Horses, Cattle, Sheep, and Hogs com pose the stock of thj county, and a great portion of the wealth ot this community As yet, no etlorl ot consequence, lias ueeu made for (heir improvement. The only effort to improve our breed of horses, has been in the annual support . r ..ii ..... r ,...!. r r. : i.nlj IIOU Ol an S'.lia ui ihil.,, hi miming and of domestic manufactures, ploughing matches for the display of excellence and skill, and the profitable fair. In catt'e we have done nothing. The Shakers once had some improved stock in Rnsseron Prairie. A few animals of a quality better than ordinary have been lately introduced. It is very uncertain whether we have ever had a full blooded male or female, of either of the improved sorts of entile. It is doubtful, w hether we have in all ourliounds, three farmers who could distinguish the peculiarities of the gigan tic and profitable Durham, the splendid Devon, and the stately and useful Hereford. Acccrdins; to common talk, we have two no rts of est tie. The common sort, ar, I the English. The first consists of the mass, the vulgar herd, produced by per petuallv brcedinam and in, without nny i choice of male or female, and without anv i r trard to season or to aee. The other! rnnaif of nil !ip monsters.- of all such.' -i. . r i i ill. . eignt Claris Or milli wouia lie more acceptable in most families than three or four only. An agricultural society will produce this change. Its premiums will stimulate, its exhibitions will excite, its commendations will encourage men to exerlion. Some farmers will procure im Either course will be beneficial In sheep we have done better than in horses, and much more than in cattle We have in this county a few choice Merinos, ami two Saxiny rams. We have ;nv within ourselves, amply, the meansof i;r.prving our shoep. But we have not a tuth part of the number we shoutd have; we pay too little attention to their improvement; we are too careless about the state of our flocks. We must learn that it is our interest to keep more sheep and to keep them better. We must feel tiiat our neighbors cannot afford lo lend a valuable Merino or a Saxony ram. We nut discover that it is as easy and more profitable to sell a sheep when at its prime for a good price to the butcher, than to keep it until old age kills it and (hen to blme the climate, or (be pasture, or the dogs.

Hogs are in plenty, too plentiful proba-.respectful words pgairut the Congress of bly. Uogology is just now perhaps a del-l'be United States, under the penalty cf icate subject with most of us. What be-!l,e'g severely punished by the Court tween the low prices of the pork specula-Martial.'" tois, the severity of the winter, and the) The Court of Inquiry will not say that scarcity of corn, the grunters ha ve made ! Lieutenant Lane might be arraigned far too many of us to grunt. Most of us have16 conduct in question, under this Ar suffered more or less. Our stock of hogs ''cl of the Pule and Articles of War, would merit and receive a fair share nf.betause its strict construction may only the attention of the Society. It requires jnPI''v ,0 disrespectful words uttered aimprovement. They take loo long to ar-'g1"1' ,ne members of the two Houses rive at maturity. They have too much collectively, nnd not agnnist an individiibone. They Iravel too much, root too a' member. The Article i cited only ti much, and eat too much, to too litllej8"ow the spirit of the legislation of the purpose, for our profit. A few preminms:C0U,,r.V on the subject, and as serving to and exhibitions would soon substitute. ;.,! mai k lhat deference or forbearance which the place of our present lhin viaged. rn jwilitary men owe to the National Legis-

zorbacked, long leged , slab-sided, never- j tilled, ever-grunting, sleep disturbing: hogs, a race of short faced, small-boned, I 1 , .. . uai-uacKec, iniciwiodied , little-eating, much-sleeping, ever-fat, comely, grave, and dignified animals, that would con stantly delight our heartg, by relieving our cribs and tilling our pockets. If properly supported the Society would be able to form en agricultural Library for the use of its members. It would procure the back volumers of the princi pal agricultural periodicals, and thus place an immense fund of practic.nl know l. edge, a mass of experience, within our react!. It would obtain nil (he important works on Husbandry and Stuck. It would gradually induce an acquaintance with the first principles of chemistry anil bottany. It would encourage amongst the young men of the county, nn hatut of in quiry and investigation, and a tate for reading, that could only conduce to thnir respectability and usefulness, prosperity nnd happiness. The society will be supported by annual subscriptions, donations, and the grant from the county. The amount of the subscription will be small; it will depend on the number of members ; it will never exceed one dollar, but will most probably be less. The funds will be entirely devoted to the public advantage. We have been called upon, fellow citizens, to discharge a duty, as we thinlf, of importance to all. It seemed to us to re quire plain words, much candor, and little flattery. In such manner, according to the extent of our humble ability, we have endeavored to discharge it. The result rest? with you. We solicit you to aid the cause of good morals; by substituting for the horse race, an agricultural festival, undei your own controul and management, which shall combine the improvement of our re sources with our gratification and plea sure. W e solicit you to aid in the diffusion of that knowledge, so essential to usefulness and conducive to personal respect abilit'; and in the encouragement of these improvements, on which the profitable ness of ) our own occupation, and the fu ture advancement of your families, mainly depend. To the old men, we sav, if you are satisfied with your habitual course of husbandry if you aie unwilling to change be it so. But, encourage the young. Give to us, your countenance and advice, at least. Aid us by yoursubscrip tion, by your presence at our meetings, and by the effect of your example on your families and neighbors. To the young men, we say, follow the impulses natural to your age, go ahead. The world is improving. Let us improve. Novelty in knowledge is no objection. Only the other day, the Printing Lress and the Steam Engine weie nea tilings. mere noveltics--they are not even now perfected. Let us seek every proper means of gaining knowledge, and of im proving our situations. Let us go ahead SAMr.. JIJDAII. 1 IIOKACF. B. SULTAUD, JAMES JOHNSON, HO BERT McCOIlD J THE ASSAi;i.T II'OX Mil. l-'.WIXO. The Wa'hington Telegraph of jesterday contains the finding or rt port of the Court of Inquiry in the case of Lieut . , Ewing, a member Lane's assault on Mr of Congress, from Indi'ana, together with the "General Order" found thereon. We make an extract, to enable our leaders to understand on what principle Mr. Lane has been excused for this outrage. For ourselves, we rather incline to the belief of the Telegraph, that, "if Mr. Speight. or any one of those who fetch ami carry for the Kitchen, had been annulled bv an!

officer "who" denies the infallibility of that we will use our best efforts to preGen. Jackson, he would have been cher-j serve the w hig parly in union and conished." cert, with a view to the election of a The Court of Icquiry, after giving a de president and Vice Piesident of the Unitail of theassault on Mr. Ewing, nearly ! led States, after the expiration of the

similar to that heretofore published, pio ceed as follows: l!v thp rtnnamnrlon nf ibp H Slntps. it,

is declared that members of Congress' lomina:ion.of Candidates for those high "shall in all cases, except treason, felony,' oflices for the presi nt, and nndl a Convene and breach of the peace, be privileged) lion of the Whig pai t of the State can be from arrest during their attendance at; held in the c;ty of Baltimore hi-h we the session of the respective houses, and t respectfully recommend lo be held in f inl in going to or returning from the same."jciiy on 2 J I day of December mx, and to The causes here enumerated show the rSht of live members, to be high importance the people and the states' r'' C0Uri,-V m the Sta.e ; "' a.Uch to the uninterrupted services 0f same nnml er Irom the City ol L -I' mtheir representatives in the two Houses) KoM, 'I bat the proceed., g ot L, j of Congress, and if those representatives' meeting be signed by the I ri.idtnl ana

cannot be hindered from attendance, not even by the process of the Courts of law: ia some criminal, and in all civil ca-es, ill would seem against the spirit, if not (he! letter of the Constitution, that officers set : apart for the avowed defence of the nation, and under the highest obligation to support the Constitution, should lie at lib ) erty, from any cause, to prevent the at tendance of niembeis, by mlncting injuries on their persons." The conduct under consideration seems to be equally honnle lo the spiiit of the fifth Article of War, in which Congress has enacted, that "no officer shall use dis

1 t u rc , and. by consequence, to its mem

bers individually, whiUt the latter are engaged in the pel formance of their high functions. In conclusion it mav not be proper nor expected, that this Court should say, that, in its opinion, there is, or is not, ground for sending the cause to a Getterul Court M artial ; but , what ever may bo its impression on this point, it is sincerely hoped that nothing similar will ever again oour for legal investigation, or public censure. W INFIELD SCOTT, Major General ut.d President of the Court." .... The proceedings in the foregoing case having been submitted to the 1'kf.si pent of the Unjtfd States, the General in Chief has received, through the War Department, the following directions cf the President thereon.Washington, March 12lh, 1035. Sir: I have perused with great care the proceedings of the Court of Inquiry in the case of Lieut. Lane, of the I'nited Slates Army, accused of having commitan assault and battery on the person of t tie lion. John Ewing, a member of Congress from the State of Indiana. The cause which led to the unpleasant difficulty between these gentlemen does not appear (mm the evidence, in positive terms; but i: mav be inferred, from the testimony of the Hon Hubert T. Ly tie, of Oltio. that it arose from icmaiks made by Mr. Ewing relative to some absent members of the family of Lieut. Lane. But, on the other hand, in enntradiction to this, is the ti-stimcny of Mr. Ewing. Be the cntise what it may, the attack of a military officer of the Government on a member of Congress, during its session, was bigb'y improper, and deserves reproof; but, as neither the Committee of the House of l'epresentati ves, nor the Couit of Inquiry, by whom the whole matter has been examine. I, have thought the conduct of Lieut. Lane deserving further investigation, the Secretary of War will cause the result to be made known, by General orders, as a public reprimand to Lieut Lane, and direct him to be relieved from bit picst'iil duty, ami teport to his Itegiment. Respectfully your obedient servant. ANDREW JACKSON." "The Secretary cf War." .... Lieutenant Lane's appointment of Assistant Quarter Master, is accordingly revslied. lie will be relieved from duty at th1 Delawjire Breakwater, nnd proceed to join bis Company without delay . TheCouitof Inquiry is dissolved, anil the members thereof sill lepair to their lespective stations. By order of Alexander Macomb, Major General, Commanding in Chief. N- JONES, Ahjltant General. From the Baltimore Chronicle. Whih M m-:ti.m in Annai-olis. We have leen politely favored with a copy of j the follow ing pi oceed ii gs , in relation to the election of 1'iesident Hnd ice President, hihJ entirely concur in the piopnety of the couiee therein lecoinmendcel : Venn; Jir.LTi.x;. At a meeting of many of the Whig mem be-1 s of the gov e i nment ol M a r land, held at the city of Annapolis, on Fiidiiy, March 20, Gentile C Washington, E-q , was called to '.lie Chair, and Joshua Jontt appointed beer et.iry . 1 he following resj olutions were adopted: Resolved, That we mutually pledge our selves in each other, and to the friends of correct principle throughout the State, present terms ol those ofhees. Risohed That we recommend to (he Whiffh nartv the Slate lo icftain from all 3ecitm v. nun r" " GEO C WASHINGTON, Pres't. Joshua Jones, Sec'ry. Lieut Lace was recently fried at Washington by a Court Martial for beating Mr. Ewing, f the V. S House of P.epiesentiitives, on account nf words speiken in debate. The Court wa of opinion . "bat hi name might to be slii-km fmm the rolls of the army, but left hi caoe to be . i ;,.,, 1 ..( l.., i'l,o Prpsidenl of the Uni- ( IT Jl JBtil ' f ill. - - - - i. l Cii Tin. Fresnlenl. "lin it t hesiIV . I I I .... lallnn li.i.U the "respor.si lulitv" of orderin;; In in back lo dnly.Luuiivii'c Jjunmf.