Vincennes Gazette, Volume 4, Number 30, Vincennes, Knox County, 27 December 1834 — Page 1

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V i WOi-.xTjuS GASBTTE: t Pahlisht d evert Snturdav, IN A I (JURAL AUl)ii:s.S V J- mm, m- . . ty iJ Excellency Jvah Xuble. on It stxorn into office. Senator , Representatives , an, tllw Citizens: In all countries where the people rx-

nrrise. the natural and inherent tight ofjdividual patronge, it remains for us only ell-government, it hak been the u-age, to look Ht our peculiar situation in the m accordance w iih their individual sense ! ter ritory nf the United States, to the of ultimate responsibility to our Cr en tor, ; si r earns const itu tit ;g our eastern and wento provide that the assumption of delega- tern frontier, to those interspersed through ted power by a public ngpnt, should he ' the intei ior, to the Lake on the north, "to proceeded by an appeal to Him who ithe;our minerals, our rich forests mid our cliauthor of natural and political existence, mate, to our superior soil, our towns and and who holds his creatures responsible villages, to our unprecedented increase in according to that which is committed to population and to industry, public spirit their charge. and enterprize of our inhabitants, and a With that usage 1 have just complied, i view of these will quiet all doubts upon lv performing the impressive ceremony j that subject. of renewing my pledge of support to the In our future annual meeting?, there constitution of our state and common coun- j is but little hope of my having much cause try , appealing to Heaven for the integrity ! to congratulate you with improvements in of intention, with which 1 undertake the ' military science. That branch of the discharge of public duties: And custom j public service, once the pride and boast requires that 1 should, in the presence of, of our citizens, has fallen far behind Mhe the representatives of the people, repeat ; f pi i it of the age,11 and has grotvn odious to my views of faithfulness to the public in-J Legislat ion and to the public. It is pros-

terests, to the character of our liberties and of mv earnest co-operation with you and j'our successors, in consulting for the good of our common constituents and for the glory of the state. Whilst the experience of one term, as the executive of the state, has taught me how easily the most ardent aspirations and upright intentions may fail in the ac complishment of ends designed for the public good, a re-election to the same high office encourages the hope that my past labor in the public service have not been wholly unavailing and unaccept able to my fellow citizens; and for this j most gratifying manifestation of their continued regard and confidence, I avail myself of this auspicious moment to express to them through their representative! present, my grateful acknowledgment!, and to assure them that the measures taken and found to be consonant with the public interest and sentiment, thus tanctioned by them, shall be urged onward on my part, with a zeal commensurate with their importance. Of these measures, that of estahliihing and maintaining public schools has a favorite one, arid if prosecuted as it should be, will lead our youths in the path to fama, wealth, and rational gratification of th mind, and elevate the character of our state. The venerable statesman who framed for us that constitution which Vf e have each promised to respect in the discharge of legislative and executive du ties, have declared that "public instruc tkin is necessary to the preservation of k free government;1' and as that instrument enjoins it upon you, to make suitable provision for the support of common schools, so far as any thing remains to be done, in the least calculated to advance that object, the duties of the legislature will not be fully discharged. Let us then ncquif ourselves of our respective obligations, by a use of the means and an ex crtion of the appropriate powers granted, for it may be safely affirmed, that our laws for the preservation of public peace, for the suppression of vice, and the prevention of crime, will be inoperative, until from the proper means of information, aud a just sense of duty, our citizens shall all respect them, and be too proud and too honorable to evade their injunctions. It is not legal liability nor a fear of punishment that will command obedience to public law, but our admiration for those institutions which respect private and political rights and eecure us iu our persons and properly. Next to the preservation and perpetuity of our plan of self-go vernment by affording the necessary means of instruction, it will be our province aud duty to en courage agriculture and commerce, bydiminishing the labor, expense and risk

of our citizens iu vending the proceeds desired change . of their industry, and thereby augment) In the e vent that the proposed improvejmblic resources and private wealth. jmentin out revenue system is effected To realize benefits that would flow from during my second term of service, I shall these, we must in part, rely upon the : deem it the proper time to say something improvement of our artificial and natural in behalf of our state aud Judicial olli channels of communication for the con-ceis. veyance ofour heavy commodities to mar J t is well known to you all, that at the ket. We mu, by perseverance and ajperiod of the organization of our State wie application of the means under our government, we were poor, and that our control , hasten the completion and exten-; revenue was derived from little more iion of the public works iu whicji we are j than six thousand inhabitants, and con. now engaged. These, however, will ac Sequenlly, was insufficient to allow Itbecomniodate but a portion ofour citizens ; ral saleries to those officers. Since that other avenues will be needed ; and if not time we have advancod in population to mistaken in the indications of public sen-uear half a million, our resources and timentjour fellow citizens in the eastei n wealth have increased in equal ratio, and section of the Stale now demand a line jyet no additional compensation has been of canal along the valley of White Water allowed for the vat increase of buiness those of the interior urge their claims that has devolved upon them; and it is a for n similar work pursuing the course : remarkable fact, that w bile our inferior of the While Rivers. The intersection ju dicial officers, the Justices in many of of those proposed lines with the V abash our bu-iness villages, are receiving, in per nn.I Erie Canal, by the way of the .Mis- qoi-itea, more than a thousand dollars per hisineway, with a suitable number of rail 'year, thie who adjudicate, in the last ways prr.jecting to and from the interior resort, upn matters involving life, liber of the Slate, w here no can alii ig l.tciln ie ; v ( rtn,( f,,r i mie.i cei ve but seven I mod red. ate. afforded , miy bo arranged a to ;l ,,,n entirely insufficient to -upporl constitute an acceptable general plan , ( ),r tit. to enable them to purchase bonks ill it will ex'eud its benefits ' every por- :uere-sary to a proper discharge of puhlir-ti-ju of the Stule. I do not hower ad jduty, and one which, after a life spent iu

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luded to are entitled to the immediate patronage ot i tie state, nor that they should nil jc commenced during- tnv se cond term of service; but I feel assured, Umt the day is not remote, when the pub lic exigencies and sentiment will force "r j them upon the attention of the Legisla ture; and in reference to the ultimate ability of the State to accomplish so much, rely ing upon her own energies and re sources, or upon those, combined with inirate, and cannot tie resuscitated until shorn of its obnoxious features, by the interposition of the national arm. Be lieving, therefore, that the people neith er see nor feel the utility of n serrice which is a severe tax upon their time without nny visible improvement,! shall not deem it my duty to urge changes, in a system the evils of which cannot be remedied by state legislation, and which has no hold upon the affections of our citizens. On account of the five years exemption of the new lands from taxation, the expenses of the government have been borne, in a great measure, bv the people of the older counties. That grievance will however he soon removed by the late surrender of Indian title, over the northern section of the State, and that it may further abate, every encouragement should be afforded to the settlement of the new districts. These considerations, with that of providing for the wants of the new population, will require additional local regulation, and in adding the new I territory to our civil jurisdiction, I will afford such assistance as may be iu my power. In various sections of the State our present plan of supplies to the Treasury, is creating discontent, on the ground that its exactions are oppressive to the landholders, and it is probable the Legislature at its present or a subsequent session, will be called on to abandon the existing plan and introduce that of the Ad valorem system. For the support of government, the burthen of taxation should be distributed equally, and levied from real and person. al estate, in proportion to the productive qually of each, much of which will escape contribution except under the operations of the Ad valorem system. Between the specific and ad valorem modes, my judgment has always chosen the latter, on account of its equity, and because it is the only one that will reach every class of our citizens, but in conse quence of the disparity in the value of landed property in the old and new dis tricts of the State, 1 have hitherto doubted the policy of a change. It is contended, however, that the relative disproportion does not exist to the extent supposed and can only be traced in n few counties. The first step necessary towards an ad valorem system, that of procuring a schedule including every description of property that should be made liable to contribution with the value of each, will afford information that will enable the legislature to act advisidly upon the measure, and the proposed change can either be suspended or consummated as may be found expedient. With that view, I shall ; favor such measures as may lead to the

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! rt.oir r,..n;i;a. ,..ri. Our citizens are too just and too gener ous to refuse their public servants a reasonable compensation, and during the. remainder of mv constitutional term f service, it will a fiord me some gratification to share in the responsibility and honor of making better provisions for those officers, a measure so necessary for the public service and for the honor of the State. My views of public policy, generally, having been fully given in my communication with the Legislature and elsewhere, I have, in much brevity, noticed some of the promine it meaurss that should be acted on during mv continuance in otlice . I now enter upon the duties of the situation to which I am again called by the kindness of my fellow citizens, with n zeal, inferior only to my consciousness of an inability to a proper discharge of duties. Relying however for aid upon that Being of whose providential care we have no many evidences, and upon the support and indulgence of the Legislature, I entertain the hope, that my official course may prove honorable to myself and beneficial to those over whose general interests it is my honor to preside. N. NOBLE. Offick of the State Bank, ) Indianapolis, Dtc. 5, To the General Assembly of the State of Indiana: The Board of Directors of the State Bank in compliance with the provisions of the Act establishing a State Bank, respectfully report, that on the 13th of Feb ruary 1334, the Directors elected on the part of the State, assembled at Indianapolis and with their President were duly qualified into office, and respectfully gave the bonds required of them as Commissioners of the sinking Fund. James M. Kay was chosen their cashier, and on deciding by lot the terms which the several Directors were to continue in office, that of II. Morrison was drawn for one year; C. Fletcher for three years, and L. II. Scott for four years. At this time the Branches were located as follows: lt District, ludianapolis 2d. Lawrenre burgh 3d. Richmond 4th. Madison 5th. New Albany 6th. Evansville 7th. Vincennes 8th. Bedford 9th. Teire Haute, and 10th. Lafayette. Com-

mm.oners for recemng subscriptions of pear on examination that they have instock, were appomted for the respective , lulgfcd expectations that cannot i the naDistricts, and the notic required by law, ture 0f thing9 be iealized. What they was directed. expect from the Bank, no veil managed A special meeting was called the 20th institution could ever aff.mljand it would of May to receive the returns of stock he better for them to devise some other subscriptions, when it appeared that theremedy than to attempt to divert the amount required by the charter, had ben j Bank from the accomplishment of its lesubscribed in each of the districts, of gitirnate objects.

which notice was immediately rriven to the Canal Fund Commisr loners, then in New York. The lonn authorized hy the State, to pay the first instalment on the State stock, was effected on the Gth August since which no time has been lost in preparing to commence Banking operations. The iodididuals subscribiijj: stock, promptly paid their first instalment, at the time required of them: the proper officers for the Branches, were all duly elected, their proceedings were approved at the first general meeting of the Parent Board, held the 17lh Nov.; the State stock was subscribed, aDd the first installment paid over, or is on the way for that purpose. The Governor, by his proclamation of the 19th November, authorized the commencement of Banking operations, and several of the branches have, it is under stood, commenced business , though as yet no reports of their operations have been received at the Parent Board. The expense incurred in organizing the Bank, providing books and apparatus for the Branches, as allowed by the Parent Board , amounted to $914 45 each Branch, except that at Madison, which requires no gold scales. The expenses not yet pre sented for allowance, will probably make the whole amount lesi than $1UOO to be paid by each Branch for all charges inclu ding bank paper necessary to commence operations. As the first instalments of stock have been paid in specie, at considerable expense to the State and individuals, which certainly ought not to be regretted from the solid basis, that has been laid for banking transactions, it is respectfully suggested, whether the charier might not be advantageously amended as to the second and third instalments to be paid by the State. It is respectfully suggested that the Le gidature should authorize the Bank to calculate their disceuntor interest accor ding to the standard and rates set forth in "Bon leti's tables.1' Here this Report might properly terminate, but so numerous are the inquries made of the officers of the Bank as to the course to be pursued, and the policy to be adopted by the Branches ;aud such errone ous notions are prevalent on this subject, that it may not be improper for the oran of the Parent Board to attempt to express their views on thse matters. The management of the institution, which the Legislature chartered last ses!bo, has been committed principally to tlip sto. kb dders. w hose interests are such that it d.es not tit appear h'uv a m ijority of lhcnir:au unite, in a measure iujuri

ous to the common welfare. The State only appoints such a portion of the oflicer that she can, through them at all times know the true situation of the institution, but the control has been wisely commit' ted to persons chosen hy the stock holder, that the steady course of individuals may never he interrupted by political changes and revolutions. Every person may participate in the privilege granted by our charter; those who have capital may at any time purch a se stock, much of which will at all times he in market; and those who have not capital, may still exercise an important power in the selection through the Legislature, of the persons w ho arc to guard the equal interests of the Slate in the Institution. By reference to the charier, it will be een that proper guards have been placed against too great accumulation of

power. A tank has been established and not a loan office. The objects to be effected by the former are to supply a convenient corrency to facilitate exchanges to furnish temporary loans to aid in carrying away the surplus produce of" the country, and to cheapen the prices of imports, by affording facilities and exciting competition. But no authority is given in the Charter, to exercise the (lowers that properly belong to a loan office. It is not allowed to take landed se. curity in the first instance, it is prohibited from holding land, except for special purposes; and the Branches are liable to suspension, unless they yield a certain divi dend, which can never be made if long loans he allowed ; so that it will appear that the Bank was never intended to supply capital to a few favored persons, like a loan office, but to furnish a currency and supply fucililies for trade and exchange. This will appear still more evident, by reference to the proceedings of the Legislature which struck from the bill a clause originally inserted in it that authorized permanent loans. That power might well he called dangerous, that in addition to the usual banking privileges. could also influence a large portion of community, hy lending capital for long periods on the pledge of their land. The real interests of the Bank are undoubted ly in accordance with the course intended by the Legislature, when the Charter was granted ; and if any complain that their mica Hie ii o i uv e nr. n ui nr.. To make loans fer short periods ond for special purposes, and to require them to be paid punctually, will be found the most profitable to the Bank, and the most useful to the country. This mode of do. ing business will keep out the (taper of the Bank; will bring in good funds; will euit the business of those who are takin- the productions of the country to a market and, by encouraging punctuality and regularity, will benefit the whole community. If long loans are made, only one set of men can De accommodated, nothing will be coming in but the interest, the paper of the bank cannot be kept out; when the expenses are deducted, a dividend sufficient to keep the Branch from being suspended, cannot be made; the customers who are not asked to pay in good times will hardly make an effort in hard times; the Board of Directors will cease to assemble and to take any interest when nothing new is to be done; the responsibility of iudersers will be less and less regarded, and it will not require the aid of prophecy to foretell the result. As the Directors are all made personally responsible for the consequences, it is verv important that they should commence right at first. If they deal impartially with each other's claims, when loans are asked for, by any of their own hoard; if they aim to encourage the exporters, the manufacturers, the employers, and the safe business men of their vicinity, thev can scarcely laii to augmeut vastly the

business, enterprise, and prosperity of the!"ave happened which has happened.

State. But if they sutler a community ofl 'J'ne tendency of your observation will J . . - . I,..........!! I :i

vrauia iu juouucu concert of action 1 ( granting long loans to themselves others if they accept as principals or or endorsers, mose who suffer themselves to be sued for just debts if they cannot appeal to a uniform and reasonable, course of action if they suffer their vaults to be emptied and their tiles to be burthened with often renewed notes, theirs will be no light account to settle whh the public. In the circulation of Bink paper, it has been found by experience, that efforts to send it to a distance are very rarely of any advantage to the Dank. The paper goon returns for redemption, and if lartje quantities be found in a remote district, out of the usual way of trade, suspicions are xcited, the reputation of the H ')k is injured, and the field is soon very limited m which the paper will b freely r? ceived. Hut wiien the business men around a bank understand that it h prudently mairiifed, when it stands ready to i v a sn i ii M i 1 i ntp :k! o t i sb i ti r 1 1 rm.- t ! s 1 - ""a "t bt'''"'

is created, it extend n.l wi larges the circle of business in every direction, and it snon expels other currency from what may be deemed its natural field of circulation. Unles- a bank can be thu conducted, its establishment must have been premature, and all further ojerations should ceae. By order of thp P.nnrd, S. MERRILL, Prcidemt. waajs-O'gzarM-i FRE15 SCHOOLS OF SK H'-riN'C.'LANIJ. The school hon.rj f Now Ko-Inml l.aya been called ll, fortresses of New Kritrlarnf. You thom i the e.uuntry every t wo 'miles or Jesi.on almost pvery important road and every body knows or ought to know that New r.xglaud if cut up with roads; half road-- 1 I was going t say. These Free SrSiools, where the poor are educated at the expense of tl rich I verilj believe, give that peculiarity of yliich I hava spoken, to the whole Ynokee Notion. Thev aruuse and sti:nnl-iiu ,i, ,.t . TTuait.i- yj i mn-Jiect there is in man. They faster enterprise and emulation. They educate to a certain extent all iho people. Hence, New England men have the benefit that education always gives; the ardent thirst for knowledge ond intellectual and moral achievement. 1 hey Mini high and reach high. Work they must or starve, fur the soil is not the bountiful giver of the fruita of a soil under a fouthern fun the climate i col. the summers are ohort and then comes growling November, and fiercely raging wintur, with its ice and ita storms, to thut one niau then eats up from October to May what may bo gathered the rest of the time. Thus icce!-sity demands the exercise of ovcry faculty, and our Free Schools teach all how to use them to th best advr.ntage. In the large cities and towns, every thing ii done that can be dene to stimulate and nrouso the boy. The most perfect equality exits in nil schopls. The poorest boy in the free school feel as high and ns proud as the son of the richest. ''You do not mean," laid Governor Harbour of Virginia, after visiting the Fiiperb Fiee School of Boston, which he admired very much, 4lhat these schools arerte?" Indeed I do said the school Committee man. ''You remember the boy that got the medal in tho class we have just examined, and the boy that lot it! The first is the son of that wood sawder there (pointing to a man who was sawing wood in the street) and the second is the son of John Quinry Adams, President of the United States ' The Virginian stared in astonishment at a S -eu-tacle like this, and no lunger wondered at tho prosperity uf New Knglorub I?ut the other d.ny I was at the school dinner in Boston a dinner given to the boys who have won the medals f.r superior scholarship and a long table, extending the whole length of Fanueil Hall, was filled up with aa bright and spirited boys a can b found on the fine ef tho earth two-thirds of whom, I was told, were from the pooer or middle classes of the city. The Mayor addres.-ed them, and toasted them a "the jewels of Boston.'' Old Fanueil Hall rang with thunders of applause. The Lieutenant Governor of the Commonwealth boasted that he was educated in (he surac schools. The tables were filled with distinguished men. educated in the same manner, among whom was Damfl Wt dstkk, the boy of a Free School, and a schoolmaster himself. The stimulous these boys then received, they will never forget to the day of their death. It ii an era in their lives ; it is an impulse which will move Ihem iu every thing it is a jpUdge that they will never be false to themselves nor (heir couutry. These Free Schools do a double duty; they not only educate the poor, but they open 'to tho ambitions and enterprising young mfn, the ave -nue upon which he can adwince still further in the pursuit of knowledge. The pay which ho receives for instructing in them enables him to obtain a collegiate education ; end yet that pay is not much, sometimes as low as ten dollars per month, seldom oer twenty. But upon this h udvances, aud thus gradually obtains au education. At this season of the year, the academic! are crowded wiih young man fitting themselves to keep school. A few months study makes an instructor of a man! And the business of a school kspping is so pleasant, that many ruli into it. me schoolmaster in New Endued is the greiit man of his district; all look up to him; all attend to him; kindness exhausts its efforts upon hiru. Is a social party to be -iven, who so quickly thought of as the schoolmaster Is a grave question to ba settled, who so good a s the schoolmaster? All eyes ere upon him; all hearts; hearts disengaged at least; are his if he choses to win them. Tho be.t food is upon his table, the welcome hand is ever stretched to cheer him Enter he can, wherever he pleases, and all ars proud of his company.--This licence to the schoolmaster mnkca his vocation a delightful one, and arou?es hiru to perform his duty. This, too, is what makes New England schoolmasters so evcellent. All you see there are nurseries of talent, of enterprise, of ekill, of industry ; and thev, it i, which make tha people of New Engfaud a peculiar people. Reproof. Choose a fit time for that reproof which effective benevolence de mands. It a failure had taken place fbn f'lrt r f u n .r 1.1.-., . . on ! " cii.jr I'm i i,: u i j inwards 3'"". avoid mentioning g it at the moment, for nothing you can nay will cause that not to 1 " ' necessarily tie to produce suffering on bis part, and that ill humor towards you which i- the result of his suffering. If a similar occasion is likely to occur, then, and then only, just before the occasion, if you Fee a prospect fhat your interposition will be of use. i3 the lime for recalling to his mind the former failure. The eilect will thus be inlluential at the moment when it i3 wonted, and all the iulermedi.it" -uilering will he spared. But remember, that of useless reoroof pure evil i the consequence evil certain and considerable, in the humiliation of the person reproved, evil contingent, in the loss of his amity, nd the exposure to hi9 euunty. London Journal. "Wh y don t you we;r your ripg, mt det?" saiu a talncr in b;il! room U, hi- daughter. Because, (;i r, it Imrts n.e when nny body s,.(.j,,.c iny hand ." '".v hat b:isiTn ss ha've you ito he vour h:ir'd ?';ie. zed 7 ' ion.-, i.i - i : .a , one would like . . 1 . . . . . t . tr i , . . ... J to ite.a iu -p ot.'ei! t, .... ... ... . . . . wi''M' l,iJSIo,u',i U'l tie

confidence

pai.1 for.