Vincennes Gazette, Volume 3, Number 1, Vincennes, Knox County, 15 June 1833 — Page 2

(0 i m is it m o The subscuber having purchased the interest of Mr. Sah:i l Hill in the Vin- . .print s Gazette, intends to issue the Fame hereafter, on the fame terms and cn the same day if has heretofore been published, .-aid respectfully solicits a continuance ot the patronage which has been given to that paper. Conscious of the responsibility, and aware of the difficulty of the undertaking in which he has embarked, he is determined that no exertion in his power shall be wanting to meet the one and surmount the other, and trusts to a generous and intelligent community to give effect (o his exertions. The great difficulty which a paper la bors under in this country, is the want of punctuality on the part of its subscribers; to this, and this only, was owing the hue suspension in the regular publication of the Vincenres Gazette. All the means and all the credit ct it publishers were expended for materials, and when all was gone, the only resource was, to stop. Punctuality in fulfilling promises cf a pecuniary nature, is the very lite of business, and in no branch of it, is it mote needlul than in that of printing the labor and materials tor which are not only costly, but can be procured only for cash : the subscriber, therefore, dccim it proper to dwell upon this matter, and to exhort

those who wi:-h well to his establishment,) The early history of our borough has to pay attention to it. The smull sum otialwaye excited much interest. I'.uf, the , " . ... r i ,,i . 'efforts made, to obtain information, from two or three dollar-? i? ot little importance ... , , ...... the oldet ot the actual settlers, in conc ur the hands ot one individual, t ut when iqUFnfP f)f their entire want of education, these ?mnllsums from 4 or 500 sai sctiber- ,ave failed. 'I heir accounts, particularly to a newspaper are concentrated in the defective as to dates, have been generally hnmls f it i nt.'i.hrr. it U one of the first .extremely confused.

import, and enables him to go on w ith conlidcnce and regularity in his busme-rt

cheeia him in his labors, gives vigor notjman of known ability and intelligence, only to hi exertions, but his mind ena- then tesident here, at" the request of the " . . , . Governor of the North West Territory, ties him to piocure good materials, type,,t f0Hotv

&c. and to do justice to those who patron ize his paper. It is therefore clear, that payment in advance is for the interest ot both parties, as it also reduces the jjrice to the subscriber Put when payment in advance is not made, punctuality is absolutely necessary, and the subsenber it: the ihe 1 1 r -1 issuing of the Gazette, will feel obliged to all those who do not think they ran meet hi? wishes and expectations in this respect, to give bun early notice of discontinuance. With regard to the future character of ;he paper, it will be devoted to jlgriculTurc, Commerce, Manufactures and Education, and in fact every thing which can tend to make it useful and amusing to its patrons The politics of the day, and passing events, shall be duly noticed and commented upon fairly, without tear, favorer bias, discarding all communications xinctuicd with personal allusions or defamatorv abue, strictly adhering to the truth all tilings which claim his comments It. V. CADDI.NGTON. Tiir PitosrixT in:roui: its. Affr three successive years of disapJpoin'o'",nt to the farmer, and consequent .listir -i oidie or less to each individual in ;be -. liimiinity, it is with heart felt satis fact i' n we can look forward to a plentiful halves, and a season of abundance. At no time in our remembrance have we iiuown such general satisfaction with the appearance of the crops as 13 now mani feted by our agricultural friends. The season to far has been very favorable Provi-k-'ice has smiled upon the labors of the field, and both man and beast seem to rejoif p in anticipation of the future S'nou! : jtest nt appearances be realized, the immense capacity of our Wabash val ley and its unequalled fertility, will be amply demonstrated. Cheere.t as we are by the prospect of plenty, we must confess that our pleasurable sensations are considerably damped by tlxi known uncertainty of our navigation, at.d the possibility of the surplus pro ttuce of Cue country not leaching a mar iiet at a favorable time. Nature has done much for us, we have done little. The noble stream which llows past our border?, requiting but little iabor to render it navigable two thirds of the vear, re maim as it wa created, an al m-ist useless addition t the landscape. The population of the Wabash valley, is ,! nv grent. 1 increasing rapid! . Th?

produce for exportation is yearly becoming more valuable, and our wants in the nmc proportion. The losses, vexation and ruin to many during the last twelve months', owing to the lowne69 of the water and the obstruction to navigation conse

quent, will we hope, have the effect of turning the attention of the people to the improvement of our river, an important work too long neglected ; and we trust that the representatives of the people from the several counties on the Wabash and White rivets, will go to the legislature next win ter well instructed on this matter. CHOLEIIA. During the last week we have had, in the opinion of our medical men, this dreadful disease amongst us; and judging from what we have witnessed, we have no reason to doubt the correctness of ther judgment. A Dutch family of emigrants arrived here about ten days since, consisting of seven individuals; they had landed at New Orleans and came up the river by steam boat, in which there were some ca ses of cholera; they landed at Evansville j and came across to this place by land, and a day or two after their arrival, S)mptoms of the disease made their appearance among them. Unknown, unnoticed, ignorant ot their complaint, and without friends, nothing effectual could be done for them until death had claimed five of them lor his prey. The survivors are recovered. We are happy to say, that the disease has not spread, and at present, no case ex ists in our town. The river has continued to rise for some days nast, and is now in a fine navigable statue fors'eam boats and broadhorns. FOR THE VINCENNES GAZETTE. ;r Caddiugton: icciueiji line piarec in my pu'stfMou a copy of a document on lhi subject, pre pared thirty fix years ago by a gentle 'In answer to Col. Sargent's inquiry, Major Vandei burjjh ha the honor ct re I i..: ... rll : 1?. i. .. iP'ymg lu , ll.tllic lli'lli I'lun?, jt: nu tuiirn, uu 11 d!" the first Frenchman who encamped on this giound, as he passed with French troops from Canada to Louisiana, in or about the )ear, 1737 Mr De Vincen nes, was afterwards burnt with a Jesuit by the Chickasaws. It appears, thai there were no more than three French families here in the year, 1745 That Mr. St Avige, the only French officer who ever commanded here, arrived in the year, 1747 or 1718, that he commanded j1Pre unli the 13th May, 1764, on which day he appointed Mons lluherville, who was then doing the duty of Captain of the militia, to succeed him, and gave him in stiuc.tions accordingly. After the death of Ilusherville, which happened in the year, 1767 Lieutenant Chappard com manded until his decease, when the com mand devolved on Moris. Pacine St. Marie, the Pnsign, who alone lecetved his or ders from the British commandants in the Illinois My informants have not been able to mention the duiation of these respective commands. Mons Racine, con tinued to command until the arrival of Mr. Abbot, a Pritish oflicer, in the jear, 1777 who returned to Detroit, the same year after building a 6mall fort, and leaving the command with Mons. Polon, who surrendered the same Fort to Captain Helmes, of the Virginia troops, in July, 1773 Gov. Hamilton, arrived in the same year, in November or December, took Helmes and the garrison, prisoners, and repaired the works. He was taken by Gen Clark, in the month of February, 1779 The population of the place ap pears then to have been about three hundred families. At this time there are about one hundred and ten houses in the village, in which people dwell, and about seventy five in the country. I estimate the number of souls at upwards of twelve! hundred. Thirty thousand bushels of corn was raised last year, and about twelve thousand bushels of wheat, weighing about 6ixty pounds to the bushel. 2Zik October, 1797 " At this time, undoubtedly, no better authority could be had, than a memorandum of Judge Vanderburgh, made thirtysix years ago, for most of the facts stated above. The article seems worthy of preservation in the columns of your paper, and i trust it will attract the attention of the worthy gentleman who now has the charge of the Catholic congregation here. The records ot his church and the manuscripts belonging to it would no doubt furnish much singular and interesting matter relative to the Indian tribes who once roamed between the Lakes and the Mississippi to the Jesuits who labored to civi lize and christianize them and to our village, its Prairie, and its Patriarchs Those who know the reverend Gentle-

ma;;, know that he has a'! the ability andlfrieud, still ia the prime of life, may often

intelligence necessary to do full justice to the subject, nnd 1 sincerely hope he will turn his attention to it. S. J.

DEATH PRODUCED BY THE FEAR OF DYING. The importance of removing even cause of fear from the minds of those who are laboring under disease, and ofinspir ing them with hopes of recovery, is well understood by every experienced practi tinner. A fearful and desponding state of mind, will often render unmanageable, nr even fatal, a si itrht affection : while a serene and buoyant disposition has fre quently carried a patient through a seri ous attack, during which his life was pla red in the most imminent peril In all dangerous diseases, the person in whom there is the least fear of dying, has mva riahlv, other circumstances being the same, the fairest chance of surviving. Men of desponding temperament are apt, in critical situations, to be overwhelmed by their very terrors; they are drowned by their too eager struggles to emerge they would keep afloat, if they but remained quiescent. One circumstance, which may tend to protract, year after year, the life of consumptive patients is, that they in general either do not expect a lata! event, or u,;ij for with an exemplary and envia ble resignation. This interesting, and lor the most part, amiable class of patients, excite the sympathy of others, in propor tion as they appear to be divested ot anxi ely about themselves. They often seem to leave us most willingly, with whom we are least willing to part. Predictions of death, whether supposed to be supernatural or originating from human authority, have often, in consequence of the, depressing oper ation of fear, been punctually fulfilled. The anecdote is well attested of the licentious Lord Littleton, that he expired at the very stroke of the c ock, which, in a dream or supposed vision, he had been forwarned would be the signal of his departure. It is recorded of a person who had been sentenced to be bled to death, that, in -lead of the punishment being actually dieted, he was made to believe that his veins had been opened, by causing water, when hi" eyes were blindfolded, to trickle

down his arm. The mimicry of an ope- signs to the great founder of the last miliration, however, Mopped as completely tary Government of the ancient world, a the movements of life, as if an entire ex .decent from the very God of War, and

haustion of the vivifying fluid had been - fleeted. The individual lost his life, alhough not his blood, by this imaginary venesection. We read of another unfor-

funnte being, who had been condemued tOjearth, and living alone by prey, thrive lose his head, that the moment after it i only on blood and carnage. The vast

had been laid upon the block, a reprieve arrived; but the victim was already sacrificed. His ear was now leaf to the dila tory mercy; the living principle uaving been as effectually extinguished by the (ear of the axe, n it would have been by it fdl. Many of ihc deaths which take place upon a field of battle, without the individuals being wounded in the slightest degree, all of which were formerly attri buted to the wind of a flying ball, are no doubt to be accounted lor from the seda live effects of intense fear. In Lesinkey's voyage around Ihe woild, there is an account, the truth of which is attested by other navigators, of a religious sect in the Sandwich Islands, who arrogate to themselves, the power of praying people to death. Whoever incurs their displeasure receives notice that the homicidical litanv is about to commence; and such are the effects of imagination, that the very notice is frequently sufficient, with these people, to produce the effect. Tell a timorous man, even though brought up amid all the light of civilization, that he will die, aud if be has been in the habit ot looking up with reverence to your opinion, in all probability he will sink into his grave though otherwise his life might have been prolonged. Pronounce the sentence with sufficient decision and solemnity, and, un der certain circumstances, it will execute itself. We are not advocates for imposing wan tonly or unnecessarily upon the hopes of an invalid, under the pretence of remedying his distemper. Deception, however skilful, is liable to discovery, and when once detected, an individual forfeits his future right o credit and authority. By raising hopes where the speedy event shows that there existed no ground for them, we deprive ourselves of the power, for ever after, of inspiring confidence in those cases where we have not the least suspicion of danger. But by terrifying the imagination of the sick, to create danger, where none had previously ex isted ; by some treacherous logic to reason an individual into illness, or when a trifling ailment is present to aggravate it into a serious malady, by representing it as al ready such, is what we would most strenuously urge all who are called upon to minister to those of feeble health, or to surround the bed of sickness, carefully to guard against. Let the expression of gloom be banisjied from the tace of the medical attendant. Let the lauguage of cheerfulness and ot comfort dwell upon his tongue but above all, guard the sick from the melancholy foreboding and gloomy predictions of indiscreet friends and tattling neighbors. If during a serious illness, a patient hears accidentally of the death of some old acquaintance, especially if it be a person of nearly the same age as himself, or affected with the same, or a somewhat similar complaint, it will, not so much from sorrow for the loss as by exciting or aggravating his apprehensions for his own fate, be cal laied to produce an unfavorable effect upon the termination of his milady. Even in ordinary health, the shock we feel at the final departure ot a

arise, io part at least, from the unwelcome

hint which it give9 us of our own mortal ity. Another circumstance, which has often accelerated death, is the prepara tion which we make for it, when sickness has approached us, in the post obit dispo sal of our worldly property. Many a sick man ha9 died of making his will. After having fixed the signature to his last testament, viewing it as a kind of prelude to the funeral ceremonies, the spirits and strength of the invalid will often be found irretrievably to sink; no mental stimulus will subsequently arouse him, no medicine afford mitigation to his comnlaint. This (J fact constitutes a powerful argument in faror of performing this duty to survivors, whilst yet in a state of health and vigor, when the task will have a better chance of being judiciously executed, and at the same time, without any r isk of disturbance or injury to the body or to the mind. INTERESTING HISTORICAL SKETCH. The following historical sketch is selected from the Address delivered by Mr. Burgess, at the Dinner given him by the Citizens of Pawtucket. "Standing as we stand, on the elevated ground of the present age, it ia deeply interesting to us, to look backward and forward, under that light of history, which, while it shines on the course, in past ages, of these arts of utility and ac quisition, cannot fail to illuminate their path, and direct, and cheer our hopes, tor their future progress, in this our coun trv. The different Nations of the world have adopted two different plans of general policy: and these have been conformable to the different schemes pursued by the various Nations of the earth, for the acquisition of wealth. fty one scheme, wealth has been earned by labor by jthe other, it has been won by conquest. 1 he nations ot antiquity who labored, seem to have been at the mercy of those who fought. Wherever toil and economy, had under the encouragement of civil institutions, accumulated any considerable jsurplus it was soon claimed and carried

in-joff by those whose laws were purely .military, who labored at no other trade

than the sword. Fable, however false to fact, vet true to the voice of nature, asderived the nurture of his infancy from that food, which renders the wolf most prowling and plundering of all thoe animals which disdain all the fruits of the military campa of the Eaet, which had swallowed up the labors of the elder world, I were at last devoured by this Paulus ' .i & . ,miiius, pernaps the most wise, and hu mane, certainly the most patriotic of their Generals, boasted that he had conquered the Kingdom, and led up for triumph the last deceudent of Alexander, in fifteen days. With a subtlety worth the ancient nurse of their race, this man sacked seventy cities of Epirus, in one morning drove the remnant of their slaughtered population, one hundred and seventy thou sand men, women, and children, into slavery and all this was done for the individual and national purpose, of dividing to his soldiers from the spoils, ofsomethig like fifteen dollars a head and placing in the public Treasury more silver and gold, than Htiy former General had giveu to the wealth of the nation. If men of mod ern tims,who boast of wealth derived from labor, and disdan to enrich themselves by plunder, would compare their institu tions with those which rendered this man a warrior, and a patriot, they would cease to applaud those whom tor military achievement, they are laboring to bring into power: nor amidst the delights of free Governments sigh for the bloody regulations of the camp or the iron decrpline of the Roman legion Nothing can give a livelier idea of the genius of those Governments, or the devotion of such na tions to the principle of winning wealth by the sword, than the speech, as Livy has reported it, of this same General, to the Roman People. tkI led up1' 6aid he "my triumph from the deathbed of my first and went down from it, to the funeral of my last son. My family will be extinct with me. I trust therefore, that the Gods, who have poured such calamities on the house of Paulus Emilius, will hereafter bestow nothing but blessings on the people of Rome." It would be wise for the moderns, who found their weuhh and power on labor, to remember that all those nations of antiquity which lived by the sword, and flourished under the dominion of the camp, 6eem to have carried the princi pie of self destruction in their very existence. Men living by plunder submit to discipline for the purpose of acquiring it; but become mutinous, and resist all control when the spoil has been di vided, and they come to the enjoyment of their own private share. This places the plebeian, the common soldier, at variance with the patrician, the General and his officers In peace, or when no more nations are left to be pillaged the one class has no more employ ment for the other and each becomes the object of natural prey and spoil. The1 civil wars of the particians and the peo pie, and the bloody confiscations of Tiberius, are but the illustrations of this principle. The full effects of it upon the military governments of antiquity, were finally developed in their overthrow, and the establishment, ou their ruins, of a a new military dominion under the feudal system. During the ancient times, two modes. were obtained of appropriating the wealth of a conquered com.'try. By one, the whole!

race was exlermioated, and their property divided among the conquerors. By the other, all property was plundered; but all the survivors of the battle were spared by the victors and made slaves, and compelled to labor for the emolument of those who had conquered them This condition of servitude originated a new form of government, partly military and partly free and this form has come down to modern time exhibiting the singular anomaly of states professedly living and flourishing by labor and yet controlled by the spirit, and panting for the powers and pageants

of military government. VV ould it be, singular, that in modern as well as ancient times, the same causes should produce the same effects? Some of the finest nations of antiquity, who subsisted, not by their own, but by the labor of slaves, seem, in a great measure, themselves enslaved to the spir it of military dominion. In our own country, almost all the States incumbered by one of these evils, are now troubled and not able to Iree themselves from the other. Our nation was commenced and has been extended and established on the other great principle of acquisition, that of becoming wealthy and powerful by labor. The following beautiful allegory is from a masonic address, delivered in Massachusetts some years lince; but when or where or by whom, we are not informed. Its intrrnsi beauty entitles rt to attention, and rafleels great crenit upon its author. AN ALLEGORY. "Charity in walking her round of dutv, met a rich, but hard hearted man, who had that day made thousands by a successful 3peculatiou. She asked him a little por tion of his great wealth to assiit her ia softening the woes of human life; she pointed to a hospital full of maniacs, un der her care; the ravings of madness and the waitings of despair, pierced the air around them, but they did not enter his marble bosom. 4 She next directed his attention to a hovel, in which was seated an old man, broken with misfortunes, and bowed down with years; he was wringing the cold dews of the night from his matted and silvered hair: "Mark him," says Charity, "heis an aged Patriot, who has thrice saved his country a Belisarius, driven from his home by a taction, and obliged to beg his bread, and wander in exile. Look at his tears: how eloquently they plead his cause!" The monster despised the patriot's worth . "She then shewed him an orphant band and described with pity's fervor their constant sufferings, and their deceased parents virtue. He listened, but his adamantine breast would not receive the wholy in fluence of Charity. But she, in pity to the wretch, was unwilling to leave him, and entreated bim to give her something for a life boat to float on (he river which rolled rapidly before them She mentioned the frequent fate of unhappy travellers, plunged in the waves: at that instant a youth, lull of life and gaiety , was seen in the current, managing with careless and ignorant hand the skill" which bore him. Charity noticed his danger, and the churl saw and exclaimed, "Great God! My only son !' The words had scarcely escapad bis lips when the boat dashed against a rock. The youth bore up against his fate aivhile; but Charity could not relieve him, for she had not the means: nnd hp sunk for ever The angel of Mercy had spread his wings to onng succor; but eternal Justice forbade his flight, for the register of heaven did not contain the recod of any eood deed of the father; nor was there any prayer, nor any blessing for his welfare, written in the book ot life. He wander ed, wild and insane, until Charity, unmindful of her wrongs led him to her hospital of maniacs, and begged the bread for his suppor for strangers had seized on his possession, and aliens devoured his sustenance WHYS AND BECAUSES. Why is a harp or fiano forte, which it well tuned in a morning drawing room, not perfectly in tune when a crowded evening party has heat ed the room? Because the expansion of the sirings is greater than that of ttie wooden frame work; and in cold the reverse will happen Jlrnolt, Why are urns for hot water, tea pots, coffee pots, ice, made with wooden or ivorj handles Because, if metal were used, it would conduct the heat so readily that the hand could not bare to touch them ; whereas wood and ivory are non-conductors of heat.. Why does a gate in an iron-railing shut loosely and easily in a cold day, and stick in a warm one? Because in the latter, there is a greater expansion of the gate and railing than of the earttj on which they are placed. Why are thin glass tumblen less liable to bo broken by boiling water, than thick ones? Because the beat pervades the thin vessels almost instantly, and with impunity, whereas the thicker ones do not allow a ready passage of heat. Why will a vessel which has been filled to the lip Vith warm liquid, not ba full when the liquid has cooled? Because of the expansion of the fluid by heat. Hence some cunning dealers in liquids make their purchases i very cold weather, and their sales in warm weather. Why is a glass stopper, sticking fast in the necfc of a bottle, often released by sarrounding the neck with a cloth taken out of hot water, or by immersing the bottle up to the neck? Because the binding ring is thus heated and expanded soonrr than the stopper, aud 90 becomes slack or loose upon it. Why does straw or flannel prevent the freezing of water in pipes during winter? Because it is a slow conducting screen or coy. eriiig, and thus prevents heat passing out of the pipe. By the same means the beat is retained in steam pipes ' I have travelled much, and have noticed that where a farmer's house is st cked with books and newspapers, hi3 chi! dren are sure to be intelligent.