Tri-weekly Journal, Volume 1, Number 105, Evansville, Vanderburgh County, 30 December 1847 — Page 2

THE EVANSVILLE JOURNAL. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY WM. H. CHANDLER & CO.

The Tri-Weekly Joukxal is published on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at $4,1)0 per annum, in ndvnnce. Thn Weekly Jocr.val is published on Thursdays, at $'2,00 per annum, in advance. FOR PRESIDENT: ZACCAH7 TAYLOR.. CITV OF EVANSVILLE: - T1IRSDAY, DECEMBER 30, 1S47. We are indebted to Mr. Geo. W. Noble, publisher, No. 66 Fourth street, Louisville, for a copy of the recent speech of Hon. Henet i . j . r it a i Clat, and Letter of Hon. Albert Gallatix on the Mexican War, in pamplet form. The ! timely warnings of these gray-haired veterans ! of the republic, should, in the present immi-.

ncnt crisis of our country's affairs, be in the complimentary notice of Captain Evans, as hands of every American, and we hope that!wellas his letter; but for some reason best m . , ., it i l if 1 ! known to the conductors of the Journal, the Mr. Noble miy thus find lumself amply re-; lelter waa . 1rl, th(. hpaA n lTmv

warded for his enterprise. (O-We are indebted to Mr. Kite, clerk of the Peytona, for late papers. - CO-We are indebted to Hon. Elisha Emeuee for valuable public documents. CC20at friends the Sable Harmonians, were at the Ball last evening, and added not a little to the enjoyments of the occasion. They ( favored the company with several cf their songs, ! glees, solos, &c which were sung in good' taste the "Slaves Lament" was sung admirably. We see by their advertisement in anoth er column that they offer a premium ofasplcn did Gold Pencil for the bestconnundrum to be read at their Concert on Saturday Evening. Of course every body will try for the prize. They appear again this evening. Madame Eesteix.i Additional developments, the N. Y. Tribune says, arc being made in regard to this woman, and her second trial, on a new charge, will probably take place even before the pending question as to her present sentence is decided Ihe preliminary examiJ nation of the principle witnesses took place on Saturday, and the main facts charged will soon be known to the public. The victim in the case is, as we are informed, a young and lovely girl of a highly respectable family, in one of the northern counties of New York. OCT" A public meeting vvas held in New York on Monday week, to respond to the resolutions and sentiments of Mr. Clay's recent Lexington speech. The Tabernacle, where the meeting was held, was crowded to excess. The Chair tvas occupied by Dudley Selden, Esq., and thirty-six Vice Presidents and eighteen Secretaries were appointed. On taking the Chair, Mr. S. addressed the meeting at length, after which a series of resolutions wan submitted end adopted, heartily approving of the Resolutions and Address of Mr. Clay, KT?"Thc Telegraph is now completed from Philadelphia to St. Louis. We understand that the Committee appointed by the recent public meeting of our citizens to correspond with Mr. Henry O'Riley in relation to a branch line from this point to Vinccnncs, promptly lischarged their duty, but have not yet heard Mr. O'Riley in reply Alabama U. S. Senator. The re-election of Hon. Dixon H. Lewis by the Legislature of Alabama to the U. S. Senate which we announced on Tuesday is regarded we perceive as a lecidul triumph over the administration on the War .ltiestion. A letter to the National Intelligencer, giving the result of this election, accompanies it with the following remarks: "This is viewed here as a triumph over the A .1i!n!4 m t inn nnrtv VTr -Iviikt una mltnri .ivi ill ill iniiaiiuii jm kj . ...q .j ously the favorite of the heads at Washington, as made known through the organ there: and the especial friends of the President in this State were open in his advocacy. On the day l the election, 'a Uml appeared in the JJemocratic paper here, signei by many Democrats, accusing Air. Ixiwis ot mlulelity to trie rresiU:ut. ami demanding of him a denial. Non was given, and Mr. L. was elected, getting the vote of a majority of the party and many W higs from the first, All.those Democrats who agree with Mr. Calhoun supported him, and triumphed, with some ,Whig assistance. The 'War and Conquest' policy of Mr. Polk has not before received such a rebuke as this, from such a quarter." New Rules in the House of Representatives. The regular correspondent of the Philadelphia North American, says: The spicial committee appoiuted by the House to revise the rules for its government,1 will report some important alterations. ) A nimm olIiA.a I ..'ill llA .WMM mf 11 ltfl f A Ilflnnt ! a tribune for the sneakers, suth a is now used in the Chamber of Deputies. A register pertaining to each question will be kept, in which ctc-jj iuci.iix.1 ........ v.... v,.,.....-, the order of sneaking to bs determined by lot. A member may adJress the House from ,nV seat or the tribune a3 he prefers. It is supposcd this system will improve the character of the discussions an.l perhaps shorten them for if j the tribune once gUs into favor, the damago-; rues who now consume the time of the House, t.... I ..I .'II will hardly expose tnems'-ivcs to tne aruuery of the vigilant eyes and ears that will necessari ly be attracted to them. A prosy speech may W. tolerated upon the floor, bH jiot from the tribune.

Jsmai.l Potatoes. The Vanderburg Democrat, whose editor we regret to see is stated to be sick, republished on Saturday, from our paper of tlcvtn daysprevious, Capt. R. M. Evans' interesting letter contradictory and refuting the "Blunder." charge o generally circulated against Gen. Lane, and in doing so takes occasion to display a commendable anxiety to discover some shadow of evidence upon which to impute to us hostility to the General. So at least we read its sapient paragraph. After giving us the astounding information that "Capt. Evans," (who resided for years in this place, who, with his company, was only a few months since, publickly feted by our city authorities, and whose family is perhaps as well known as any in the state,) "is in politics a Whiff an1 Sa a noYirian rf 4ria 1 Han Tf A T

, r . . r,. , , . Evans, of this city is an officer of high standing, and of irreproachable character," the Democrat adds : - It would have afforded us great pleasure to have copied from the Evansville Journal. Correspondence," without comment. ,r .7 . J Now is'nt that won-der-ful! That Bhould - nt toswell the complimeat t0 Geaeral Lane Qm weU known and gallaQt yQung f, Capt. Evans, the poor compliment to aswe sume that he was an entire stranger to our read ers, and upon that assumption, proceed seria tim to describe his points to them with all the particularity used by the novelist in bringing forward a new chcracter! And to publish it too under the head of "Army Corresponence" without comments ! Ridiculous! And if any bodydont think it is, we beg he will refer to the columns of the Democrat, where he will find such a standing given the letter by the very able comments of that paper, and its very opportune request that the "American Press" will publish it, when thishadalreadybeendone by the Pre&3 at great distances, long before our ancient neighbor seems to have been aware that such a letter was in existence. Seriously, Judge, them's small potatoes in that hill better try again. RTF" Why is it that the Journal does not publish Gen. Lane's Report of the battles of If 1 14.1? n T uuamanue anu aiiixco: uemocrai. Well, although we don't recognize the propriety of your attempting to dictate to us what we shall or shall not publish, as we like to be courteous we will answer the question. We didn't publish Gen. Lane's report simply for the reason that we had already given the details of those battles in quite as full, ample and able a manner as Gen. Lane himself eives them, and as, unlike you, we publish a paper for the present and not for the. past generation, we preferred to fill its space with the news of the day. We trust this explanation will be satisfactory, and hope that the Democrat will content itself hereafter to pursue its antiquarian searches after obsolete issues, principles, documents and nir, leaving us to our own taste in the matter of conducting a newspaper. GupThe Telegraph from Philadelphia an nounces the failure of the Susquehana County Bank, Pennsylvania, and the Delaware Bridge Company Bank, New Jersey. Tub Mississippi Grave Yard. The New Orleans Mercury says that there are at least four J hundred wrecks of snagged steamboats lying in the Mississsppi, between St. Louis and Cairo. Four hundred unanswerable arguments in favor of appropriations for the improvement of the navigation of the mighty river, the great highway of the fruitful west! The part of the noble stream between St. Louis and Cairo may well be called the grave yard of Steamboats. How long is the trade of the Mississippi Val ley to be crippled such enormous sacrifices of property to be endured? It is declared to oe unconstitutional to make appropriations for surveys of the great western waters, or for the improvement of their navigation, but those LvhoholJtl iiS(loctrined onotdeem it unconsliI tutional to ordera survey of theDead Sea! Truly me interests oi commerce, tne security oi prop erty, the preservation of human life, are of no importance in the estimation of some persons as compared with the gratification of individual curiosity without public benefit, but at public expense. The construction of the constitution at times lax at other times rigid and by the same parties as it may suit their purposes would be more amusing, if it were lessannoying.and did not occasion such an incalculable and unnecessary loss of life and property. We have an abiding hope of a change for the better ' in the policy of the country, in reference to the improvement of the navigation of the western waters. Sounder views of the duties of gov ernmcnt than those winch have hitherto prej vailed, must soon be entertained by those in j authority, or the Constitution asexpounded will laU tQ accompllsn two.ot trie great ooiects 01 . . r . , , D ' umon, viz: "to provide for the common defence and general welfare." : he gtfeetg Leicester one dav, D;an Swift was accosted by a druken weaver, who, . . ". ..Tl staggering against ms reverence, said, "i nave been spinning it out "Yes, said the dean, "I see you have, and von are reeling it home

INAUGURAL ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT ANAYA.

After being sworn as President ad interim of i the Republic of Mexico. Srs. Deputies I come to fulfil yourVHjhes, taking in charge the Supreme Executive power of thvi Union for the short space of time that will elapse until the next constitutional period arrives. If the days be few, the difficulties present themselves numerous and appalling. The great misfortune of our land is the senti ment that exclusively occupies the minds of all who know the meaning of the sacred word country. In such circumstances, without the power ful concurrence of the nation, no government can undertake its defence. It belongs alone to the Executive power to unite all efforts, direct them according to the national will, and remove all obstacles that disconfidence has hith erto thrown in the way. With the decision of an ancient servant of the country, I have sworn not to omit a single effort, nor to spare the most costly sacrifice iii endeavoring to prove myself worthy of the confidence reposed in me by the national representation. To doubt of the cooperation of the Mexican people would be to doubt of that valor and those high virtues which emancipated the country, which although disheartened and led astray by twenty-five years of dissensions, are producing even yet so many and such sublime sacrifices. I declare that in the fulfilment of my oath just taken "of respecting and causing to be re spected the fundamental institutions," I will act in accordance both with my duty and my profound convictions. The federal system is the only one calculated to save a people in a situation so dangerous as ours. To seek now a remedy in new systems, or in new revolu tions would be to give up the republic with out defence and without remorse to the enemy who tore down our national flag from the pal ace where the victorious Iturbide planted it with his own hands. The Government relies upon the cooperation of the States, their good sense; and tried love of liberty and order. It will keep in harmony with them, for their efforts (the heroic capital of the Republic being lost) are those that now must save us. The situation such as ours, individual pri vations are inevitable, the Government fair from increasing, will endeavor to lessen them as much as lays in their power. The security of persons, and properties will be sacred, taxes will be exacted proportionally, and the amount thereof distributed with honesty and economy. It is the duty of Congress, who also knows our necessities, to promulgate such wise laws as the country requires, and to diffuse life and encouragement throughout the Republic. I will be the first to comply with them, striving above all to unite all the private efforts in the grand object, the salvation of our independence. For me, all our domestic broils, foolish enmities and dissensions, will be henceforth secondary matters of consideration. My administration will not persecute any class or party. I call upon all without distinction to assemble around the standard of their country. Without being deluded as to our situation, on the contrary fully aware and overwhelmed with its difficulties, and ready to face new misfortunes, if such be our destiny ; I have come to this place with the firm resolution never to seal the dishonor of my native land. God alone can look into the future, as to public men, it suffices, that they know their duty and fulfil it. The nation is aware that I never deceived her, that my oaths are always loyal, and that my blood, my life, and my reputation belong to her. Called in her name, I have come to occupy of all situations that mostcorrtrary to my inclinations. May God bless and cause to be fulfilled the ardent desires of the man who has not and is incapable of entertaining any other idea than that of the liberty and honor of his unfortunate country. tr tt ihe iRUSTEES forth, : i sityts. The State of Indiana. 1 his impor - were involved, has been tried in the Marion I.0 1A k CUIV) 111 ll&lt s - , w ' Circuit Court, and decided in favor of the Uni versity. . I an acl 01 ine ouuc B" T. l " Styi Dili m tuaiictry 111 u c ,...rnntu, nflrv 1,e, I ntr ,!onterf W cWgress in 1804. vi taiiu, 11 uiuwu f j i r T:.Uf, v.st, . , made to stand in the place of the present claimants in possession, and the Governor was authorized to employ counsel. Mr. Jcdah was counsel on Denau 01 tne uni versity, and O. H. Smith, 0.1 the part ot the .1 r v.i n r ,1,; ... -fBy the favorable result t' .ouy versity is entitled to have the proceeds of the Usuto enieriaineu aoout vj ! Th? great probability is tha by this suit will much exceed ,,0,000 and we trust that a flourishing lustituaon of learning will be established, that will redound to the credit of V lacenues. ba.. I Sir A lady, laying her hand on a joint of veal, said, ' 'I think Mr! F., this veal is not so white as usual.'--I 'Put on your glove, madam,' said the dealer, -and you will think ditllrently., It may be needless to remark, 1 r.wi i,.,,np .i:hra,tntio'l.er word of! objection.

The Mexican Population. We find in the! Washington Union, of Thursday, two papers, written by distinguished officers of the Army, one an interesting private letter from Mexico, the author of which, the editor says, is of "great ability and high distinction;" the other a communication, embracing "a plan of the war," from "an experienced officer," who, we may suppose, writes at home. Both of them argue strongly against the project of withdraw-1 ing the army to a defensive line, or the idea of surrendering any of the advantages we have gained, at least until the Mexicans sue for peace. We notice their compositions, however, at present, only for the purpose of quoting the opinions they both express, almost in identical phrase, of the character and qualities of the Mexican people. . - "This country (says the officer who writes from Mexico) is a nation of Indians. Some foreigners and Spanish Indians, a mixed race, have the wealth and control; but the great mass of the people are Indians, originally less warlike than those in our country. Their spirits have been broken and cowed by cruel and harsh treatment, and they now labor, work, and die for their masters. There is no slavery that I have seen equal to it, You can then form seme opinion how they can be approached and treated. ' The officer who furnishes "a plan for the war" writes as follows: "The' Mexicans including Indians of the full blood may, perhaps, number 7,000,000. Without regard to color they may be divided into three classes: , 1. The army, the priesthood, and the millionaires, (chiefly land holders;) these govern. 2. The middle class, of shopkeepers, mechanics,-and small proprietors and cultivators. 3. The lowest class, greater in number, chiefly Indians, or of decided Indian blood. These are bondmen, ground to the dust, of worse condition than negro slaves, excessively ignorant and bigoted; thev are easily deceived, and have been led to believe our armies are composed of monsters of heresy, cruelty and oppression."

rsow Mexico is believed, at the lowest com nutation, to have a population of 7,000,000 as'

above mentioned; and the largest estimate of Representatives, was to take place on the first whites, (Waddy Thompson thinks it too large) ! Tuesday in October. All hold their offices for is 1,000,000, and this number embraces the. . e L . i two first classes described by the officer entire- j tw0 'ear9 excelH S10. " ho aie to be so ly. The remaining 6,000.000 form the third classifieil that, after tle first term, each shall class the class of '-bond men,'' "of worse con-.serve four years, oue half going out of'offica ditionthan negro slaves," of whose slavery, ' evcry two years. The legislature is to meet (for such it virtually is.) the gallant letter wri- ,, . - . , , . , ter in Mexico declares, "there is no slavery he anual,J " the Monday in January, has seen equal to it." The birth of the new republic was celebrated Yet these are the people these bondmen with great enthusiasm on the 21th of August, thesesaw, these Indians whom the con- i when thcre was a general wa of business quest and destiny men, the ar.nexers of Mexi-I , , , ... .... co, would introducee into the republic as A-jaiul.a 8J paradeof the military and turn out merican citizens, freemen and voters, who, of citizens. The flag of the Union was prcmust divide with us the cares and responsibili-; scnted to the Governor by a deputation of laties, the labors, the hopes and the glories of dies It u maCLe of suk. 0u one side is the

me repuouc : remaps mere may uesome uiificulty in that. Perhaps the constitution may refute perhaps the "Anglo isixondon, or rather, the whole blood of Caucasus, may reject such fellow-citizens. In what capacity, then, are we to annex them? In their present one, as slaves! Do we really want to add 6,000,000 of "bondmen'" to our population? In short the Indian population of Mexico is practically viewed as greatand insurmountable on obstacle to the annexation of the country by the United States, as, heretofore we have hown the black population of the West In dies is to the erection of those Islands into an independent republic. North American. Commerce among the States. The great West and all interested in the. internal trade of the country are under obligations to Mr. Vinton, of Ohio. Commerce, in the opinion ol our rulers at Washing ton, h js nothing to do with trade within the Lnited States. In o:her words that the constitution was formed for the exclusive benefit of the office holders and those engaged in commerce between the United States and foreign countries! That has not only been the cry of Southern and Northern strict constructionists and their partizans, but the action of the Government has been made to conform to these assumptions. We are glad to find a man who w ill stand up for the trade of the people at large the interior, home trade and we rejoice that a representative from Ohio Mr. Vinton is that man, He deserves credit for his efforts to establish a Committee on Commerce among the States. We have had a Committee on Commerce, but their labors have confined to the protection and encouragement of foreign commerce; and they will continue so to restrict their labors, if Congress, the Representatives of the people, do not interfere. Mr. Vinton proposes another committee, to look after and foster the trade amon" the States, and why let any man of common sense answer for himself is not the man engaged in the interior trade, among our own people, as much entitled to the fostering care ot government as the man enI cased in the trade with foreign countries; ine I commerce amoag the StatesT is the largest by 1 -u;a imnnr,. i Even our exports to foreign countries exceed our imports. Foreign commerce carries our surplus products from the ports and harbors ot this country to those ot otner countries, and converts or exchanges them. The tection of this trade, which benefits the peowdl as our own, are immense. Expenditures for sea walls, breakwaters, buoys, light hous ' es, me navy, loreitu imuisieo, u .uuui, .1 . r : " ' . .1 . . 1 &c, are all chargeable to this account. Why is it that the products of the country, when taken to the seaboard, the place of exportation, are taken under the care of Govern i fofeign t the nm9 ttrti. I cles are put without the pale of protection at t the place of production, and from thence to th . i P P meat there, anu in ineir transit irora ine sea 6 landed in nn our own t8 when the naCe articles, on their frothe port where they are landed on eh to &e coders of them, within ur 1 fc u lected? Th; answer our rul'rshaa 1, that the Constitution confiJed foreign commerce to the care of the General Government, but not that among the States. Is this true? The framers of the Constitution expressly declare, in its preamble, that it was made by "the people of the United States," "in order" amone many other things, "to form a more j perfect union, &c, provide for the

common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity." We find no declaration here, that the General Government was established merely to raise, by taxation, means for paying its officers and expenses, and for promoting the welfare of those engaged in foreign trade. On the contrary, the furtherance of general interest was the object of the Government. If we look to the clauses of the Constitution which specify the powers granted, we find that Congress is authorized "to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and aviong the several States, and with the Indian tribes. How then can it be seriously urged that the powers of the General Government are limited to the protection and encouragement of foreign trade and commerce? The assumption is unfounded and we should insist upon due protection to this home trade, or withhold supplies for the protection of foreign trade. Mr. Rhett, of the Nation of South Carolina, opposes the committee on Commerce among the States, lest they should inquire into the trade among the States, and because the proposition for such a committee, smacked of Federalism ! The Chivalry pronounce it federalism to care for the people of the United States, and the trade among themselves, and declare it democratic to bestow all our means to encourage and protect the citizens of foreign countries and those engaged in trade with them, and to secure an open and frce trade in hla ves ! We hope the proposition of Mr. Vinton may succeed. One point in favor of "home trade will have been '.hus taken. Cin. Gaz.

REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA. The New York Sun, has received copies of Liberia papers from June to October, .which contain an account of the Republic of Liberia a copy of the Constitution adopted, &c. The constitution is similar to that of the U. States, and is said to be written with great abilityTlie firsl election of President, Senators, and blue field, it bears the motto of the republic in large letters, thus over the star, "The Love of Liberty," under it, "Brought us here." On the other side is "Republic of Lib.-ria.'" The staff is of rose wood, with a gilt head in form of a spear. It may not ba inappropriate to give a part of the proceedings of ttte. day, as they are published in the Liberia papers. They are as follows: "Athalf pastil, the troops marched up to Central Fort, and formed on the right of the flagstaff. The flag is about 30 feet high, and erected on the most elevated spot in the centre of the town. The flag was then detached from the spear, and bent .011 the halliards. At 12 the first gun of the national salute sent forth its thunder, when the flag rapidly ascended to its place and floated on the breeze. At the same moment a responsive gun was heard from signal hill, and the flag displayed there. A salute of 21 guns was then fired, every alternate gun being from signal hill. "As soon as the salute was over this flag was lowered, and one of Bunting raised in its place. The flag was then attached to the spear took Us place 111 the line, and the whole marched offaud halted in front of the Government House. After a halt of a few minutes, lie troops marched offescorting the Governor, other officers and a number of citizens, to the Methodist Ghurch. When they arrived they found the church already filled to overflowing. The flag of the republic was stationed 011 the right of the altar, near Mr. E. Johnson, the marshal of the day; the left was occupied by a flag and banner of Mr. James" school. These also bore appropriate mottoes. The exercises in church were conducted in the following order: First, singing; second, prayer of supplication, by Rev. Mr. Ellis, of the Presby terian Church; third, singing; fourth, reading of the Declaration of Independence, by Hon. J. B. Gripon; fifth, singing; sixth, oration by Rev. J. S. Payne, of the M. h. Church; seventh, singing; eighth, prayer of thanksgiving by H.Teageof the Baptist Church; ninth, doxology; tenth, benediction by Rev. A. D. Williams. The service in Church over, the line was again formed and marched to government house, when the companies were dismissed. Subsequently there was a public dinner at which many patriotic toasts were given, cold water alone being used. We look unon the establishment of this re public in Africa as important, not only to those Africa, and to the people of Color of the United States. There can be no doubt that it will in time, work a great change in the feelings, disposition and habits of the native Africans, by enlightening their minds, and showing thcin the vast superiority of the civilized over the savage condition. It will exhibit to the colored people of the United States, a nation of freemen, of their own color and lineage, enjoying all the blessings of civil and religious liberty, and thus stimulate them to desire to participate in the enjoyment of rights and privileges, for which they must ever be debared, whilst they continue to be residents of the United States. "The Last Burros." The Wheelicg Gazette says, yesterday we received a 81,00 on the Farmers' Bank of Canton, Ohio, No. 6&1, letter B., dated January, 1835, on the back of which is written in plain hand, the following: "Friends take warning. This is the last dollar which 1 possess, of a fortune of 830,000. The cause, is whiskey and gin, and cock-tails. A RUINED MAN.