The Syracuse and Lake Wawasee Journal, Volume 13, Number 12, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 22 July 1920 — Page 3

( O - ' - ■"-"■■==o I DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL PLATFORM a*" 1111 ■ 1 —a San Francisco, Jtfty 2.—The resolutions committee draft of the platform was adopted by the Democratic national convention without change. The ■document is as follows: The Democratic party, In Its national convention now assembled, sends greetings to the president of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, and hails with patriotic Sprlde the great achievements for country and the world wrought by a Democratic administration under his leadership. It salutes the mighty people of this great republic, emerging with imperishable honor from the severe tests and grievous strains of the most tragic war in history, having earned the plaudits and gratitude of all free nations. It declares its adherence to the fundamental progressive principles of social, economic and industrial justice and advance, and purposes to resume the great work of translating these principles into effective laws, begun and carried far by the Democratic administration and interrupted only when the war claimed all the national energies for the single task of victory. League of Nations. The Democratic party favors the League of Nations as the surest, if not the only, practicable means of maintaining the permanent peace of the world and terminating the insufferable burden of great military and naval establishments. It was for this that America broke away from traditional isolation and spent her blood and treasure to crush a colossal scheme of conquest. It was upon this basis that the president of the United States, in prgarrangement with our allies, consented to a suspension of hostilities against the imperial German government; the armistice was granted and a treaty of peace negotiated upon the definite assurance to Germany, as well as to the powers pitted against Germany, that “a general association of nations must be formed, under specific covenants, for the, purpose of affording mutual guaranties of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike.” Hence w-e not only congratulate the president on the vision manifested and the vigor exhibited in the prosecution of the war, but we felicitate him and his associates on the exceptional achievements at Paris involved in the adoption of a league and treaty so near akin to previously expressed American Ideals and so intimately related to the aspirations of civilized peoples everywhere. We commend the president for his courage and his high conception of gqod faith in steadfastly standing for the covenant agreed to by all the associated and allied nations at war with Germany, and we condemn the Republican senate for its refusal to ratify the treaty merely? because it was the product of Democratic statesmanship, thus interposing partisan envy and personal hatred in the way of the peace and renewed prosperity of the world. By every accepted standard of international morality the president is justified in asserting that the honor of the .country is involved in this business; and we point to the accusing fact that, before It was determined to initiate political antagonism to the treaty the now Republican chairman of the senate foreign relations committee himself publicly pro.claimed that any proposition for a separate peace with Germany, such as he and his party associates thereafter reported to the senate, would make us •"'guilty of the blackest crime.” On May 15 last the Knox substitute for the Versailles treaty was passed by the Republican senate; and this convention • can contrive no more fitting characterization of its obloquy than that made in the Forum Magazine of December, 1918, by Henry Cabot Lodge when he said: . "If we send bur armies and young men abroad to be killed and wounded in northern France and Flanders with no result Jbut this, our entrance into war with such an intention was a crime which nothing can justify.” The intent of congress and the intent of the president was that there could be no peace until we could create a situation where no such war as this could recur. We cannot make peace except in company with our allies. It would brand us with everlasting dishonor and bring ruin to us also if we undertook to make a separate peace.”» Lodge's Proposals Condemned. Thus to that which Mr. Lodge, in saner momenta considered "the blackest crime” he and/his party in madness sought to give the sanctity of law; that which eighteen months ago was of "everlasting dishonor” the Republican party and its candidates today accept as the essence of faith. We indorse the president’s view of our international obligations and his firm stand against reservations designed to cut to pieces the vital provisions in congress for voting against resolutions for separate peace which would disgrace the .nation. We advocate the immediate ratification of the treaty without reservations which would impair its essential integrity; but do not oppose the acceptance of any reservations making clearer or •more specific the obligations of the United States to the League of Nations. Only by doing this may we retrieve the reputation of this nation among the powers of the earth and t recover the moral leadership which President Wilson won and which Republican pol£icians at Washington sacrificed. Only oy doing this may we hope to aid effectively in the restoration of order throughout the world and tb take the place which we should assume in the front rank of spiritual, commercial and industrial advancement. We reject as utterly vain, if not vicious, the Republican assumption that ratification of tfie treaty and membership in the League Os Nations would in any wise impair the integrity or Independence of our country. The fact that the covenant has been entered into by 29 nations all, as jealous of their independence as we are of ours, is a sufficient refutation of such charge. The president repeatedly has declared, and this convention reaffirms, that all our duties and obligations as a member of the league must be fulfilled in strict conformity with the Con-stitution-of the United States, embodied in which is/fhe fundamental requirement of declaratory action by the congress before this nation may become a participant in any war. Conduct of the War. During the war President Wilson exhibited the very broadest conception of liberal Americanism. In his conduct of the war, as in the general administration of his high office, there was no semblance of partisan bias. He invited to Washington as his councilors and coadjutors hundreds of the most prominent and pronounced Republicans in the country. To these- he committed responsibilities of the gravest import and most confidential nature. Many of them had charge of vital activities of the government. And yet, with the war successfully prosecuted and gloriously ended, the Republican party in congress, far from applauding the masterly leadership of the president and felicitating the country on the amazing achievements of the American government, has meanly requited the considerate course of The chief magistrate by savagely defaming* the commander in chief of the army and navy, by assailing nearly every public officer of every branch of the service intimately concerned in winning the war abroad and conserving the security of the government at home. We express to the soldiers and the sailors of America the admiration of their fellow countrymen. Guided by the genius of such commanders as Gen. John J. Pershing the armed force of America constituted a decisive factor in the victory and brought new luster to the flag. We commend the patriotic men and women who sustained the efforts of their government in the crucial hours of the war and contributed to the brilliant administrative .

COUNTRY OF MIXED RACES Best Qualities of Three Great Peoples Declared Mingled In the Dwellers In Alsace. As we came out of the square (at St. Amarln) little boys were bringing tn armfuls of wood for their schoolroom stoves; others were already noisily scampering home for dinner In the crisp, sawdusty air; straight columns of smoke from many chimneys

achieved under the broad-visioned leadership of the president. Financial Achievement*. By ttfe enactment of the federal* reserve act the old system, which bred panics, was replaced by a new system, which insured confidence. It was an indispensable factor in winning the war and today it is the hope and inspiration of business. Indeed, one vital danger against which the American people should keep constantly on guard is the commitment of this system its partisan enemies who struggled against its adoption and vainly attempted to retain in the hands or speculative bankers a monopoly of the currency and credits of the nation. Under Democratic leadership the American people successfully financed their stupendous part in the greatest war of all time. The treasury wisely insisted during the war upon meeting an adequate portion of the war expenditure from current taxes and the bulk of the balance from popular loans, and, during the first full fiscal year after fighting stopped, upon meeting current expenditures from current receipts notwithstanding the pew and unnecessary burdens thrown upon the treasury by the delay, obstruction and extravagance of a Republican congress. The nonpartisan federal reserve authorities have been wholly free of political interference or motive; and. in their pwn time and their own way. have used courageously, though cautiously, the instruments at their disposal to prevent undue expansion of credit in the country. As a result of these sound treasury and federal reserve policies, the inevitable war inflation has been held down to a minimum, and the cost of living has been prevented from Increasing here in proportion to the increase in other belligerent countries and in neutral countries which are in close contact with the world's commerce and After a year and a half of fighting in Europe and despite another year and a half of Republican obstruction at home, the credit of the government of the United States stands unimpaired, the federal reserve note is the unit of value throughout the world and the United States is the one great country in the world which maintains a free gold market. We condemn the attempt of the Republican party to deprive the American people of their legitimate pride in the financing of the war—an achievement without parallel in the financial history of this or any other country, in this or any other war. And, in particular, we condemn the pernicious attempt of the Republican party to create discontent among the holders of the bonds of the government of the United States and to drag our public finance and our banking and currency system back into.the arena of party politics. Tax Revision. The Republican congress persistently failed, through sheer political cowardice, to make a single move toward a readjustment of tax laws which it denounced before the last election and was afraid to revise before the next election. We advocate tax reform and a searching revision of the war revenue acts to fit peace conditions so that the wealth of the nation may not be withdrawn from productive enterprise and diverted to wasteful or nonproductive enterprise. We demand prompt action by the next congress for a complete survey of existing taxes and their modifications and simplification with a view to secure greater equity and justice in tax burden and improvement in administration. Public Economy. Claiming to have effected great economies in government expenditures, the Republican party cannot show the reduction of one dollar in taxation as a corollary of this false pretense. In contrast, the last Democratic congress enacted legislation, reducing taxes from $8,000,000,000, designed to be raised, to $6,000,000,000 for the first year after the armistice, and to $4,000,000,000 thereafter; and there the total is left undiminished by our political adversaries. Two years after armistice day a Reoublican congress provides for expending the stupendous sum of $5,403.390.327.30. Affecting great paper economies by reducing departmental estimates of sums which would not have been spent in any event, and by reducing formal appropriations, the Republican statement of expenditures omits the prognant fact that congress authorized the use of $1,500,000,000 in the hands of various departments and bureaus which otherwise would have been covered into the treasury, and which should be added to the Republican total of expenditures. High Cost of Living. The high cost of living and the depreciation of bond values in this country are primarily due to war itself, to the necessary governmental expenditures for the destructive purposes of war, to private extravagance, to the world shortage of capital, to the inflation of foreign currencies and credits and, in large degree, to conscienceless profiteering. The Republican party is responsible for the failure to restore peace and peace conditions in Europe, which is a principal cause of post-armistice inflation the world over. It has denied the demand of the president for necessary legislation to deal with secondary and local causes. The sound policies pursued by the treasury and the federal reserve system have limited in this country, though they could not prevent, the inflation which was world-wide. Elected upon specific promises to curtail public expenditures and to bring the country back to a status of effective economy, the Republican party in congress wasted time and energy for more than a year in vain and extravagant investigations, costing the taxpayers great sums of money while revealing nothing beyond the incapacity of Republican politicians to cope with the proble Demanding that the president, from his place at the peace table, call the congress into extraordinary session for imperative purposes of readjustment. the congress when convened spent thirteen months in partisan pursuits, failing to repeal a single war statute which harassed business or to initiate a single constructive measure to help business. It busied itself making a pre-elec-tion record of pretended thrift, having not one particle of substantial existence in fact. It raged against profiteers and the high cost of living without enacting a single statute. to make the former afraid or doing a single act to bring the latter within limitations. The simple truth is that the high cost of living can only be remedied by increased production, strict governmental economy and a relentless pursuit of those taking advantage of post-war conditions and are demanding and receiving outrageous profits. We pledge the Democratic party to a policy of strict economy in governmental expenditures and to the enactment and enforcement of such legislation as may be required to bring profiteers before the bar of criminal justice. The Tariff. We affirm the traditional policy of the Democratic party In favor of a tariff for revenue only and confirm the policy of basing tariff revisions upon the intelligent research of a nonpartisan commission, rather than upon the demands of selfish Interests, temporarily held in abeyance. Budget. In the Interest of economy and good administration wet favor the creation of an effective bulget system that will function In accord with the principles of the constitution. The reform should reach both the executive and legislative aspects of the question. The supervision and preparation of the budget should be vested in the secretary as the representative of the president. The budget, as such, should not be increased by the congress, except by a two-thirds vote, each house, however, being free to exercise its constitutional privilege of making appropriations through Independent bills. The appropriation, bills should be considered by single committees of the house and senate. Senate Rules. We favor such alteration of the rules of procedure of the senate of the United States as will permit the prompt transaction of the nation’s legislative business. Agricultural Interests. For nearly half a century of Republican

evoked women standing about nooday fires; there was a homely human feeling about it all. As I went through the school it seemed to me that the types of tiie children were modified In two ways, inclining now toward the elongated head, with pointed chin, dark hair, dark eyes and mantling color; now toward the round-headed, square-jaw-ed, blond type, with full, dreamy, blue eyes. But under these modifications one felt that there was a persistent something, that was their own, neither

THE SYRACUSE AND LAKE WAWASEE JOURNXT,

rule not a sentence was written into the federal statutes affording one dollar of bank credits to the farming interests of America. In the first term of this Democratic administration the national bank act was so altered as to authorize loans of five years’ maturity on improved farm lands. Later was established a system Os farm loan banks, from which the borrowings already exceed three hundred millions of dollars, and under which the interest rate to farmers has been so materially reduced as to drive out of business the farm loan sharks who formerly subsisted by extortion upon the great agricultural interests of the country. Thus it was a Democratic congress in the administration of a Democratic president which enabled the farmers of America for the first time to obtain credit upon reasonable terms and Insured their opportunity for the future development of the nation’s agricultural resources. Smith Lever Act Praised. Not only did the Democratic party put into effect a great farm-loan system of land mortgage banks, but It passed the Smith-Lever agricultural extension act, carrying to every farmer In every section of the country, through the medium of trained experts and by demonstration farms, the practical knowledge acquired by the federal agricultural department in all things relating to agriculture, horticulture and animal life; it established the bureau of markets, the bureau of farm management and passed the cotton futures act, the grain grades bill, the cooperative farm administration act, and the federal warehouse act. The Democratic party has vastly Improved the rural mail system and has built up the parcel post system to such an extent as to render Its activities and its practical service Indispensable to the farming community. It was this wise encouragement and this effective concern of the Democratic party for the farmers of the United States that enabled this great Interest to render such essential service In feeding the armies of America and the allied nations of the war and succoring Starving populations since armistice day. G. O. P. Condemned. Meanwhile the Republican leaders at Washington have failed utterly to propose one single measure to make rural lite more tolerable. They have signalized their fifteen months of congressional power by urging schemes which would strip the farms of labor: by assailing the principles of the farm-loan system and .seeking to impair Its efficiency; covertly attempting to destroy the great nitrogen plant at Mussel Shoals upon which the government has expended $70,000,000 to supply American farmers with fertilizers at reasonable cost; by ruthlessly Crippling nearly every branch of agricultural endeavor, literally crippling the productive mediums through which the people must be fed. We favor such legislation as will confirm to the primary producers of the nation the right of collective bargaining and the right of co-operative handling and marketing of the products of the workshop and (he farm and such legislation as will facilitate the exportation of our farm products. We favor comprehensive studies of farm production costs and the uncensored publication of facts found in such studies. Labor and Industry. The Democratic party is now, as ever, the firm friend of honest labor and the promoter of progressive Industry. It established the department of labor at Washington and a Democratic president called to his official council board the first practical workingman who ever held a cabinet portfolio. Under this administration have been established employment bureaus to bring the man and the job together: have been peaceably determined many bitter disputes between capital and labor; were passed the child labor act. the workingman’s compensation act (the extension of which we advocate so as to Include laborers engaged in loading and unloading ships and in interstate commerce), the eight-hour law. the act for vocational training and a code of other -wholesome laws affecting rhe liberties and bettering the conditions of the laboring classes. In the department of labor the Democratic administration established a woman’s bureau, which a Republican congress destroyed by withholding appropriations. Labor is not a commodity: it is human. Those who labor have rights and the national security and safety depend upon a just recognition of those rights and the conservation of the strength of the workers and their families in the interest of soundhearted and sound-headed men. women and children. Laws regulating hours of labor and conditions under which labor is performed, when passed in recognition of the conditions under which life must be lived to attain the highest development and happiness, are just assertions of the national interest in the welfare of the people. At the Same time the nation depends upon the products of labor; a cessation of production means loss and. if long continued, disaster. The whole people, therefore, have a right to insist that justice shall be done to those who work. and in turn that those whose labor creates the necessities upon which the life of the nation depends must recognize the reciprocal obligation between the worker and the state. They should participate in the formulation of sound laws and regulations governing the conditions under which labor is performed, recognize and obey the laws so formulated and seek their amendment when necessary by the processes ordinarily addressed to the laws and regulations affecting the other relations of life. Labor, as well as capital, is entitled to adequate compensation. Each has the Indefeasible right of organization, of collective bargaining and of speaking through representatives of their own selection. Neither class, however, should at any time nor in any circumstances take action that will put in jeopardy the public welfare. Resort to strikes and lockouts which endanger the health or lives of the people is an unsatisfactory device for determining disputes, find the Democratic party pledges itself to contrive. If possible, and put into effective operation a fair and comprehensive method of composing differences of this nature. In private industrial disputes we are opposed to compulsory arbitration as a method plausible in the theory but a failure In fact. With respect to government service, we hold distinctly that the rights of the people are paramount to the right to strike. However, we profess scrupulous regard for the conditions of public employment and pledge the Democratic party to Instant inquiry Into the pay of government employees and equally speedy regulations designed to bring salaries to a just and proper level. Woman's Suffrage. We indorse the proposed nineteenth amendment of the Constitution of the United States granting equal suffrage to women. We congratulate the legislatures of thirty-five states which have already ratified said amendment, and we urge the Democratic governors and legislatures of Tennessee, North Carolina and Florida, and auch states as have not yet ratified the federal suf® frage amendment, to unite In an effort to complete the process of ratification and secure the thirty-sixth state in time for all the women of the United States to participate In the fall election We commend the effective advocacy of the measure by President Wilson. Women in Industry. We urge co-operation with the states for the protection of child life through infancy and maternity care; In the prohibition of child labor and by adequate appropriations for?-the children’s bureau and the woman’s bureau in the department of labor. Disabled Soldiers. The federal government should treat with the utmost consideration every disabled soldier, sailor and marine of the world war, whether his disability be due to wounds received in line of action or to health impaired In service: and for the dependents of, the brave men who died in line of duty the government’s tenderest concern and richest bounty should be their requital. The fine patriotism exhibited, the heroic conduct displayed by American soldiers, sailors and marines at home and abroad constitute a sacred heritage of posterity. the worth of .which can never be recompensed from the treasury and the glory of which must not be diminished by any such expedients. The .federal board for vocational

German nor French nor anytning else, for all the mingling; the Alsatian root and stem, with an inalienable, peculiar life mounting in it, Its very own, its race gift. And this essential gift, this rich, diverse inheritance, had been received from each point of the compass. From the south, through the defiles of the Alps, the Great Latin traditions had infiltrated. From the north and east had come Germanic thought, with its mystical reactions, its metaphysical inclinations, Its marvelous legends,

education should be made a part of the war-risk insurance bureau, in order that the task may be treated as a whole, and this machinery of protection and assistance must receive every aid of law and appropriation necessary to full and effective operation. We believe that no higher or more valued privilege can be afforded to an American citizen than to become a freeholder in the soil of the United States, and to that end we pledge our party to the enactment of soldier settlements and home aid legislation which will afford to the men who fought for America the opportunity to become land and home owners under conditions affording genuine government assistance unincumbered by needless difficulties of red tape or advance financial Investment. The Railroads. The railroads were subjected to federal control as a war measure without other idea than the swift transport cff troops, munitions and supplies. When human life and national hopes were at stake, profits could not be considered, and were not. Federal operation, however, was marked by an intelligence and efficiency that minimized loss and resulted in many and marked reforms. The equipment taken over was not only grossly inadequate, but shamefully outworn. Unification practices overcame these Initial handicaps and provided additions, betterments and improvements. Economies enabled operation without the ' rate raises that private control would have found necessary, and labor was treated with an exact justice that secured the enthusiastic co-operation that victory demanded. The fundamental purpose of federal control was achieved fully and splendidly, and at far less cost to the taxpayer than would have been the case under private operation. Investments In railroad properties were not only saved by government operation, but government management returned these properties vastly improved in every physical and executive detail. A great task was greatly discharged. The president’* recommendation of return to private ownership gave the Republican majority a full year In which to enact the necessary legislation. The house took six months to formulate its ideas and another six months was consumed by the Republican senate in equally vague debate. As a consequence, the Esch-Cummins bill went to the president in the closing hours of congress, and he was forced to a choice between the chaos of a veto and acquiescence in the measure submitted, however grave may have been his objections to It. There should be a fair and complete test of the law until careful and mature action by congress may cure Its defects and Insure a thoroughly effective transportation system under private ownership without government subsidy at the expense of the taxpayers of the country. Improved Highways. Improved roads are of vital importance not only to commerce and industry but also to agricultural life. The federal road act of 1916, enacted by a Democratic congress, represented the first systematic effort of the government to insure the building of an adequate system of roads in this country. The act. as amended, has resulted in placing the movement for Improved highways in ! a progressive and substantial basis in every state in the Union and in bringing under actual construction more than 13,000 miles of roads suited to the traffic needs of the communities in which they are located. We favor a continuance of the present federal aid plan under existing federal and state agencies, amended so as to include as one of the elements in deterining the ratio in which the several states shall be entitled .to share in the fund, the area of public lands therein. . Rural Free Delivery. Inasmuch as the postal service has been extended by the Democratic party to the door of practically every producer and every consumer in the country (rural free delivery alone having been provided for 6,000,000 additional patrons within the past eight years without material added cost), we declare that this instrumentality can and will be used to the maximum of its capacity to improve the efficiency of distribution and reduce the cost of living to. consumers and increasing the profitable operations of producers Merchant Marine. We desire to congratulate the American people upon the rebirth of our’merchant marine which <once more maintains its former’place in the world. It was under a Democratic administration that this was accomplished after seventy years of Indifference and neglect, 13,000,000 tons having been constructed since the act was passed in 1916. We pledge the policy of our party to the continued growth of our merchant marine under proper legislation so that American products will be carried to all ports of the world by vessels built in American yards, flying the American flag. Inland Waterways. We call attention to the failure of the Republican national convention to recognize in any way the rapid development of barge transportation on our inland waterways, which development is the result of the constructive policies of the Democratic administration. And we pledge ourselves to the further development of adequate transportation facilities on our rivers and to the further improvement of our inland waterways, and we recognize the importance of connecting the Great Lakes with the sea byway of the Mississippi river and its tributaries, as well as by the St. Lawrence river. Transportation remains an increasingly vital problem in the continued development and prosperity of the nation. Our present facilities for distribution by rail ■ are inadequate and the promotion of transportation by water is imperative. We therefore favor a liberal and comprehensive policy for the development and utilization of our harbors and interior waterways. Flood Control. We commend the Democratic congress for the redemption of the pledge contained in our last platform by the passage of the flood contol act of March 1, 1917, and point to the successful control of the floods of the Mississippi river and the Sacramento river. California, under the policy of that law, for its complete justification. We favor the extension of this policy to other flood control problems wherever the federal interest involved justifies the expenditure required. Reclamation of Arid Lands. By wise legislation and progressive administration, we have transformed the government reclamation projects, representing an investment of $100,000,000, from a condition of impending failure and loss of confidence in the ability of the government to carry through such large enterprises to a condition of demonstrated success, whereby formerly arid and wholly unproductive lands now sustain 40,000 prosperous families and have an annual crop production of over $70,000,000, not including the crops grown on a million acres outside the projects supplied with storage water from government works. We favor ample appropriations for the continuation and extension of this great work of home building and internal improvement along the same general lines, to the end that all practical projects shall be built, and waters now running to waste shall be made to provide homes and add to the food supply, power resources and taxable property, with the government ultimately reimbursed for the entire outlay. The Trade Commission. The Democratic party heartily Indorses the creation and work of the federal trade commission in establishing a fair field for competitive business, free from restraints of trade and monopoly, and recommends amplification of the statutes governing its activities so as to grant it authority to prevent the unfair use of patents in restraint of trade. Live Stock Markets. For the purpose of insuring just and fair tratment in the great interstate live stock market, and thus instilling confidence in growers through which production will be stimulated and the price of meats to consumers be ultimately reduced, we favor the enactment of legislation for the supervision of such markets by the national government. Mexico. The United States is the neighbor and friend of the nations of the three Americas. In a very special sense our international relations in this hemisphere should be characterized by good will and free from any possible suspicion as to our national purpose The administration, remembering always that Mexico is an independent

and its romantic chronicles of gods and half gods. From the west, from Gaul, came grace and courtesy and the deathless wish for liberty. Was ever a people more richly endowed?— From “Alsace in Rust and Gold,” by Edith O’Shaughnessy. Must Earn Nature's Favors. Nature will not reveal her beauty, her joy, her splendor, her magnificence or her sublimity to the selfish or the hurried soul. She thinks too much of her great treasures of marvelous mys-

nation, and that permanent stabllWr. in her government and her instltn-4 tions could only come from the con-i sent of her own people to a government of their own making, has been unwilling either to profit by the misfortunes of the people of Mexico or to enfeeble their future by Imposing from the outside any rule upon their temporarily distracted councils. As a consequence, order is gradually reappearing in Mexico: at no time in many - years have American lives and. interests been so safe as they now are; peace reigns along the border and industry is resuming. When the new government of Mexico shall have given ample proof of its ability permanently to maintain law and order, signified its willingness to ■meet its international obligations and written upon its statute books just laws, under which foreign investors shall have rights as well as duties, that government should receive our recognition and systematic assistance. Until these proper expectations have been met Mexico must realize the propriety of a policy that asserts the right of the United States to demand full protection for its citizens. Petroleum. The Democratic party recognizes the importance of the acquisition by Americans of additional sources of supply of petroleum and other minerals and declares that such acquisition, both at home and abroad, should be fostered and encouraged. We urge such action, legislative and executive, as may secure to American citizens the same rights in the acquirement of mining rights in foreign countries as are enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of any other nation. New Nations. The Democratic party expresses its active sympathy with the people of China, Czecho-Slovakia, Finland. Poland. Persia and others-■who have recently established representative government and who are striving to develop the institutions of true democracy. Ireland. The great principle of national selfdetermination has received constant reiteration as one of the chief objectives for which this country entered the war, and victory established this principle. Within the limitations of international comity and usage this convention repeats the several previous expressions of the sympathy of the Democratic party of the United States for the aspirations of Ireland for selfgovernment. Armenia. We express our deep and earnest sympathy for the unfortunate people of Armenia, and we believe that our government, consistent with its constitution and principles, should render every possible and proper aid to them in their efforts to establish and maintain a government of their own. , The Philippines. We favor the granting of independence without unnecessary delay to the 10.500.000 inhabitants of the Philippine Islands. Hawaii. We favor a liberal policy of homesteading public lands in Hawaii to promote a larger middle-class citizen population, with equal rights to all citizens. The importance of Hawaii as an outpost On the western frontier of the United States demands adequate appropriations by congress for the development of our harbors and highways there. Porto Rico. We favor granting to the people of Porto Rico the traditional territorial form of government, with a view to ultimate statehood, accorded to all territories of the United States since the beginning of our government, and we believe that the officials appointed to administer the government of such territories should be qualified by previous bona fide residence therein. Alaska. We commend the Democratic administration' for inaugurating a new policy as to Alaska as evidenced by the construction of the Alaska railroad and opening of the coal and oil fields. We declare for the modification of the existing ’ coal land law, to promote development without disturbing the features intended to prevent monopoly. For such changes in the policy of forestry control as will permit the immediate initiation of the paper pulp industry. , ' For relieving the territory from the evils of long-distance government by aribtrary and interlocking bureaucratic regulation, and to that end w» urge the speedy passage of a law containing the essential features of the LaneCurry bill, now pending, co-ordinating and consolidating all federal control of natural resources under one department to be administered by a nonpartisan board permanently resident in the territory. , For the fullest measure of territorial selfgovernment with the view to ultimate statehood, with jurisdiction over all matters not of purely federal concern. Including fisheries and game, and for an intelligent administration of federal control we believe that all officials appointed should be qualified by previous bona-fide residence in the territory. For the extension to Alaska of the federal farm loan act. Asiatic Immigrants. The policy of the United States with reference to the nonadmission of Asiatic Immigrants Is a true expression of the judgment of our people and to the several states, whose geographical situation or Internal conditions make this policy and the enforcement* of the laws enacted pursuant thereto, of particular concern, we pledge our support. Postal Service. The efficiency of the post office department has been vindicated against a malicious and designing assault by the efficiency of its operation. Its’ record refutes its assailants. Their voices are silenced and their charges have collapsed. We commend the work of the joint commission on the reclassification of salaries of postal employees, recently concluded, which commission was created by a Democratic administration. The Democratic party has always favored and will continue to favor just treatment of all government employees. w Free Speech and Press. We resent the unfounded reproaches directed against the Democratic administration for alleged Interference with the freedom of the press and freedom of 6I No utterance from any quarter has been assailed and no publication has been repressed which has not been animated by treasonable purpose, and directed against the nation’s peace, order and security in time of war. We reaffirm our respect for the great principles of free speech and a free press, but assert a sgn indisputable proposition that they afford no toleration of enemy propaganda or the advocacy of the overthrow of the government of the state or nation by force or violence. “Republican Corruption." The shocking disclosure of the lavish use of money by aspirants for the Republican nomination for the highest office In the gift of the people has created a painful impression throughout the country Viewed In connection with the recent conviction of a Republican senator from the state of Michigan for the criminal transgression of the law limiting expenditures on behalf of a candidate for the United States senate, it Indicates the re-entry, under Republican auspices, of money as an influential factor in elections, thus nullifying the letter and flaunting the spirit of numerous laws, enacted by the people to protect the ballot from the contamination of corrupt practices. We deplore those delinquencies and Invoke their, stern rebuke, pledging our earnest efforts to a strengthening of the present corrupt practices and their rigorous enforcement , . „ We remind the people that it was only by the return of a Republican senator in Michigan, who is now under conviction and sentence for the criminal misuse of money in his election, that the present organization of the senate with a Republican majority was made possible. Conclusion. Believing that we have kept the Democratic faith, and resting our claims to the confidence of the people not upon grandiose promise, but upon the solid performances of our party, we submit our record to the nation’s consideration and ask that the pledges of this platform be appraised in the light of that record.

tery to fling them out to the penurious, greedy, hurried human being, to the casual eye, to those who are rushing along at railroad speed. No one can successfully woo and win her who is not willing to study her, take time to -observe her, and listen to her voice. She te”s her secrets, reveals her mysteries and beauties only to those whe know how to wait, who take time tc think, to ponder; to those who can appreciate andlove these things well enough to spend time with her.—Orison Swett Harden in Chicago News.

HE SAM MAY BE JOB-GETTER NEW SERVICE EFFECTIVE IF CONGRESS TAKES FAVORABLE ACTION. RURAL WORK OF RED CROSS Lack of Understanding of Importance of Amusements One of Chief Obstacles Faced by the National Body —To Obviate Bogus U. S. Bills. Recreation for Rural Districts. By JAMES P. HORNADAY. Washington.—Uncle Sam as a jobgetter for everybody is the plan of Secretary William Wilson of the department of labor. It is a service that will get in full swing as soon as congress sanctions the service, and grants the necessary funds. State and municipal agencies will play the Important role in the work, under the program agreed upon by officials of the labor department. The federal authorities, it is planned, will center their activities in the operation of a clearing house of labor, and in general supervision of the work of the state branches. Pending legislation before congress is scheduled for early consideration at the next session, the bills in both senate and house embodying provisions i drawn by the conference on unemploy- i ment, held last year, at the call of i Secretary Wilson. The purpose of the ■ measure is to bring state and munici-[ pal employment agencies into more! effective co-operation with the federal service by means of subsidies to the several states to encourage them to establish and maintain, according to standards laid down by the central federal office, agencies for the placement or job getting of workers. A federal labor agency is not exactly new, being originated as an agency for the better distribution of | immigrant labor, and so expanded for the war as to assume practically abI solute control of the distribution of all labor. The labor recruiting of private and semi-public agencies was then restricted, if not prohibited, so that for the war period the supply of labor came through 950 governmentoperated employment offices. Plan Calls for Expansion. But with the termination of the war, there came a gradual reduction in the scope and influence of the service until now the active work of job getting is done by the public employment offices of the states and cities. Activities of these local offices are tabulated by the federal department for clearing-house purposes, and effort also is made to stimulate and co-or-dinate the work of the states. The new plan in the main calls for continuation and expansion of th? present service—the big problem now being to establish a more effective system of interstate clearance. Such, department officials say, will result from pending legislation by which financial aid can be given the states. The present federal service does not maintain any employment offices of its own, but works through the locallyoperated exchanges. In those states where a public system of employment agencies is operating, the head of that system is a dollar-a-year man of the federal employment service, while in other states, the state labor commissioner or someone else designated by the governor acts for the federal service. Thus 4n 40 states, the federal service now has co-operative arrangements, while in tile others there is no co-operation between state and federal service. Altogether 227 local employment exchanges are joined in with the federal service. The state representatives and directors are merely channels of communication through which the state and municipal offices report to the federal service. The local offices report the surplus of registrations or help-wanted calls to the state director or federal representative,.and these are matched against each other so that through the state director there is presumably maintained a system of clearance between the local offices. Establish Clearance Zones. With the problem of getting better Interstate clearance before it, the federal service is now establishing clearr qnce zones by dividing the country into 13 divisions to correspond generally with the reserve bank districts. Each zone will be in the charge of a paid agent of the federal service, and will check labor supply and demand of one zone against that of another. Interzone or national clearance, it is planned, will be effected through Washington. Men and women and boys and girls —all will be cared for by the federal service. The junior division for the boys and girls, in the initial stages of development, also is a cooperative movement between the labor department and public schools and other agencies Interested in juvenile problems. Aided by government funds, the school authorities will maintain employment offices, with local officials in active charge of job getting,- and flie federal service setting standards and furnishing guidance and counsel in the work. To build up a staff of trained vocational guidance workers for the child workers, the federal sen-ice will establish study scholarships in the universities of the country. Four already

THE NUT AS A FOODSTUFF With two or three exceptions, nuts are rich in fat and protein and low in carbohydrates. With the exception of the chestnut, the peanut and the litchi nut, the average nutritive value of nuts in general Is about 200 calories to the ounce, or double the value of an equal quantity of starch or sugar. The most Important nuts which grow in this country are the almond, the English walnut, the pecan and the peanut. The native black walnut, the

i have been established at the university of Chicago. Recognizing that recreational activities must be provided for the residents of rural communities, villages and small towns as well as for those who live in the more congested centers of population, the Red Cross rural sen-ice at the national headquarters of the American Red Cross has issued a bulletin of practical suggestions for Red Cross workers in establishing and carrying on recreation in the smaller communities and in the rural districts. The bulletin was prepared by the chairman of the committee on recreation of the American Country Life association at the request of the Red Cross. Meeting demands' from communities throughout the nation, the Red Cross rural senice is furnishing field workers and chapter executives to assist in * the development of recreation. One of the difficulties which stand in the way of adequate recreation for the residents of rural communities, villages and small towns, the Red Cross says. Is the lack of understanding in regard to the real purpose and function of play in modem life and that the message of the play movement has been very largely confined to the cities and now must be carried to the non-urban population. Because of large expenditure for city recreation systems, paid leadership, buildings and equipment, and for property used for playgrounds, many have been prone to look upon recreation as a modern luxury. Some of the Difficulties. Many people regard play as merely exercise, and as the daily work of the farm and home furnish exercise it is difficult for parents to see the need for play. The pioneers in this movement also have found that it Is more difficult for rural people to. engage in spontaneous recreational activities because of the individualistic aspects of rural life. These are some of the diffi-, culties which face the establishment of a rural recreational program. The opportunities, however, for developing such a program are Indicated by a number of conditions, to which reference is made as follows: “In spite of the increasing disparity between city and rural population the country still has within its communities the larger number of children. It has resources in nature and environment, now lost to the cities, which may be constructively used in a recreation program. The rural family has not suffered as much disintegration as the city family. It is still unified. Also, j there are no sharp lines of class cleavage in the country: the rural population is homogeneous and the people have an inherent instinct for fellowship and sympathy for their fellow men, to which dormant trait recreation will give wholesome expression. “Before the advent of the machine play was a part of work. Each vacation had its special play accompaniment. Spontaneous song and play went out of work when the machine came in. We must now secure our recreation during the leisure hours. As life continues to grow more complex and artificial play assumes an increasing importance. But it must be the tight kind of play. Mere amusement is not recreation. Commercialized amusement may defeat the very function of play. To Recognize Genuine Paper Money. Paper money may now be recognized as genuine or counterfeit without expert knowledge of the ’ trency. A little general knowle of the design, a little application of the memory, and your bankroll, regardless of the size of the bills, is safe. For many years the United States treasury has been considering a general revision of the currency designs, and finally it has deemed it Important to take this particular step without awaiting further deliberation on the general subject. The denominational portraits on federal reserve notes and federal bank notes, and which now have been prescribed for future issues of all kinds of currency, are as follows : One-dollar bill, Washington; twodollar bill, Jefferson; five-dollar bill, Lincoln; ten-dollar bill, Jackson; twen-ty-dollar bill, Franklin; flve-hundred-dollar bill, Marshall; one-thousand-dollar bill, Hamilton; five-thousand dollar bill, Madison; ten-thousand-dol-lar bill, Chase. One of the greatest dangers to the treasury and to the public in connection with the question of counterfeiting has been the multiplicity of designs of the various forms of currency. To obviate this, the treasury has undertaken to adopt a distinctive characteristic for each denomination of all * forms of currency in circulation. The bureau of engraving and printing has prepared a uniform portrait that will represent each denomination of all issues of paper money, and so the money that is in circulation today 1 standardized in appearance. Will Serve as Safeguard. As federal reserve notes and federal reserve bank-notes are now largely in circulation, it was decided to adopt for all forms of currency the portraits that appear on those notes. This standardization will serve as a safe, guard and protection against noteraising, aS well as in the interest of economy. It assists bankers, business men, and the people generally in detecting attempted counterfeits, one of the most fruitful causes of which has been the absence of distinctive denominational features" in the currency. In the preparation of the Liberty bonds and Victory notes, involving, the issuance of so many millions of pieces of war securities, effort was made to protect the treasury and the public and to circumvent counterfeiting and denominational raising.

hickory nut, the pinon, the hazelnut and the beechnut are valuable nuts. i Among the imported nuts the most valt uable are the Brazil nut, the cocoas ’ nut, the pistachio and the litchi nut. Brilliant Scheme. i On their fourth birthday Frances ! and Rita, twins, stood watching th® . finishing touches being put on a cake ' by their mother, when Frances ex- « claimed, “Muwer, let’s have today for • my birthday, and we’ll hav* bother > for Rita tomorrow.”