The Syracuse and Lake Wawasee Journal, Volume 13, Number 10, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 8 July 1920 — Page 4

I tZj ' fci ■'ot J >»iifg\MW!wfMMßMßmfjfff \ L A> "W'imbiiiiilz WMMB MBMMmt ", /MBS JBr . ' - e /A -# zjjrar ■ ii y i^wMMm-^^O^P a> W1 HHSrSM XwKl ’ : *MB?R!Wjy J \3’ ••*>».., iwii^3s^B3S.<» s ' ~ >..y, -- I—Robert T Scott the "infant prodigy” of Washington official life. Under twenty-five years of age, he is secretary and assistant’to Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. 2—British Tommies In Ireland prepared against' surprise attacks by Sinn Felners. 3—View of section of Los Angeles damaged by the recent earthquake.

NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENTEVENTS Bryan a Headliner as Usual at the Democratic National Convention. HIS INFLUENCE IS EVIDENT .Canned Speeches to Supplant Special Trains in Campaign—Steel Industry '- Badly Hampered—Railway Labor Situation Quieter — Suffragist Hopes in Southern States— Greek Successes in *-' Turk War. ,«♦ r By E. F. CLIPSON. Notwithstanding the fact that he did not get everything for which he fought and was not the completely dominant figure which he so frequently has been In the past, William J. Bryan came nearer being the headliner of the Democratic show at San Francisco than anyone else. He did not succeed in getting the resolutions committee to frame a platform plank indorsing the eighteenth amendment and its accompanying enforcement act, the Volstead . law, but he did prevent anything like an expression favoring mitigation of those acts. With all the forces of the administration arrayed against him in the rioter of the Versailles treaty and League of Nations covenant, it was to be expected that the Bryan program of opposition would fail, nevertheless the administration did not come off entirely victorious. The plank as finally framed provided for reservations to the league more clearly defining America’s obligations to foreign countries, and that could not have been entirely satisfactory to the administration. , Bryan did not dominate the convention. write the platform nor name the z&dtninees, but he prevented the presi’dent and also any other single force from doing so. His position represented one of those singular anomalies of politics wherein be was forced to oppose the man whom eight years before he had compelled his party to accept. Roosevelt, throwing emery onto the bearings and hurling monkey wrenches into the machine which he had helped . to build, was in a similar position with respect to the indorsement and second nomination of William Howard Taft. Under such circumstances Bryan’s influence was weakened just as was Roosevelt’s. Considering the powerful force of a federal administration, with Its great army, of office holders and other potent - adjuncts, the •wonder is that any man could affect it in the least. Logically, Bryan should have occupied a seat away back in the rear, but he did not The marvel is that under the circumstances he could make a dint In party formations, yet he did and he wrung from his opponents the reluctant ’admission, “the old boy Is a wonder.” Bryan, who frequently falls to carry his own state or district, who at home is outgeneralled by men not In his class, who wishes to go to the United States senate from Nebraska’ but cannot command sufficient votes to place him there, has a peculiar power over his party at large. It is no reflection on that party, but rather a hint of things not understandable to the finite mind in bulk, that he has a strange ability to fathom and deal with mob psychology. As a medium for campaigning the soothing (?) phonograph will largely supplant the special train between now and November. No longer will the candidates race madly across the country to address mass meetings lasting until late hours, be jerked from their repose to grasp horny hands and make speeches at way-stations to break-of-day citizens, hastily bolt breakfast and other meals to permit of as many rear platform addresses as possible, and in general follow the strenuous life of the presidential special. Democrats and Republicans may listen to the master’s voice without the incident wear and tear on the candidate. Theodore Roosevelt and William J. Bryan were proof against the rigors

SWINDLED VETERANS OF WAR Conspiracy Among Employees of Insurance Bureau at National Capital Reported Unearthed. Washlngton.-»A conspiracy- of enu ployees in the war risk Insurance bureau to defraud veterans of compensation due them for disabilities sustained during the war has been unearthed by the United States secret service, according to announcement by the treasury department.

of cross-country campaigning, but President Wilson, vigorous though he was, fell a victim to it. His experience has been a warning. The feeling has grown that if the president is to have any vitality for the affairs of his office he should not waste it before the election. Nominee Harding will revive the old-fashioned, political lawn party. His front yard at Marion will draw the feet of the faithful quite as famously as Mahomet’s shrine at Mecca attracts another 'kind of faithful. Senator Harding and his running mate, Governor Coolidge, have recently been making speeches into the phonograph. Many thousands of the wax reproductions will be distributed by the national committee. Democratic managers undoubtedly will adopt the plan. Add to your grand opera, Harry Lauder and Bert Williams records one of your favorite candidate. Nothing is so likely to promote good feeling on these warm, mosquito-infested summer evenings as the injection, through your open casement into your neighbor’s ear, of a phonographic speech. It wifi assist his slumbers, especially if he belongs to the opposing party. Senator Harding’s first speech, which has been given to the press and will be heard by millions after July 4 through the phonograph, keynotes on Americanism. He does not mention specifically the treaty of Versailles, but assails all international contrivances which imperil American sovereignty. He asserts that we should rejoice In an American conscience and in a big conception of our obligations to liberty, justice and civilization, but that we should hesitate before any course likely to cause a surrender of nationality; also, that it Is very practical to make sure oqr own home is in perfect order before we attempt that which he regards as a miracle of world stabilization. Governor Coolidge advocates a return to the faith of Abraham Lincoln in the people and a confidence that the government is founded on righteousness. He advocates law and order and the cultivation of industry, thrift and character, and says that we are advancing toward a day when, in our industrial life, equal honor shall fall to equal endeavor. He also asserts that duty is collective as well as personal and that government cannot relieve from toil. Senator Harding, in an, interview, announces that the Republican campaign will be based upon an appeal for the restoration of party government and the overthrow of personal rule. These pronouncements may be characterized as the opening guns of the campaign. Conditions more unfavorable than at any time for several years face the steel industry, due to the railway situation, the lack of cars, raw material and fuel, and shortage of labor. In Pittsburgh there are said to be 1,500,000 tons of fabricated steel needed in building operations throughout the country which cannot be moved for lack of cars. A survey of the Calumet region, in which are located the big plants of Gary, East Chicago, Indiana Harbor, Hammond and Whiting, show operations conducted on a day-to-day basis so far as cars, coal and raw materials are concerned. With every mill stocked with orders calling for full production the big plants are reported operating at two-thirds capacity and the smaller ones at 30 to 75 per cent. In the Calumet area it is said that a shutdown to permit stocking up is likely, with 88,000 men facing a period of unemployment. But a greater crisis threatens than an immediate shutdown, because the plants are not building up their customary autumn and winter supplies of coal and other materials and may be unable to avoid enforced idleness next winter. The situation has been gathering since the railroads started to deteriorate after the blizzard of January, 1918. Then came the steel strike, the coal strike and the switchmen’s strike last spring. The latter was more of a blow to Industry than previously realized. According to railroad and brotherhood officials the railway labor situation has assumed a quieter phase than at any time in the last three months. Many of the older organization leaders, satisfied the Chicago zone will see no Important disturbances, have left for Eastern points, where the symptoms are not so good. Several brother-

"All those concerned in this outrage will be prosecuted to the limit of the law,” said Secretary of the Treasury Houston. Two men involved In these crimes were engaged in the task of handling jclaUns of. e?-soldlers fer-eompensation. The method employed, as reported by the secret service, was substantially as follows: A soldier, presenting his claim in person, was advls,ed by one of the conspirators that he-was entitled to S2OO •r S3OO. At the same time the em-

THE SYRACUSE AND LAKE WAWASEE JOURNAL

hood chiefs have also gone to St. Louis, where approximately 10,000 railroaders have threatened to walk out unless a temporary award is made by the railroad board. These chiefs think they will be able to prevent serious trouble, at least until the promised action of the board, scheduled for July 20. Hopes of suffragists for . a ratification of the federal amendment in time to permit women to vote in the coming presidential election are now pinned on the action of the legislature of Tennessee, and, that failing, upon the North Carolina legislature. Governor Roberts of the former state, in response to a request from President Wilson, has announced that he will call a special session of the legislature in plenty of time to act on the amendment. Governor Bickett of North Carolina, who received a similar request from the president, has reiterated his purpose of advising a special session in his state tq ratify the amendment. Gov. P. W. Clements of Vermont, although strongly urged by suffrage leaders to call a special session has not definitely stated that he is contemplating action. The war of France, England and Greece against the Turkish nationalists commanded by Mustapha Kemal Pasha, officially began with the Greek advance from Smyrna in Asia Minor to a line eastward and northward beyond Soma. Akhissar, Ala-Shehr and Kelas. The most important operation was at Ala-Shehr (ancient Philadelphia), where the Greek official statement claims the taking of 8,000 prisoners with many guns and other booty. The position of the allied and opposing forces is roughly outlined as a thin rectangle extending from the vicinity of Aleppo in Cilicia through Anatolia to Ismid, near Constantinople. The forces of the Turkish leader are spread along the northern side of this rectangle and those of the Greeks are concentrated in the Smyrna area on the southern side, their west wing on the British and their east wing on the French. The plan of attack is said to be an advance of the Greeks against Mustapha Kemal’s front, an advance by the French from the east and the British from the west, hoping bj> this converging movement to pen Kemal in Anatolia and force his surrender. The Greeks are also reported to have a force at Panderma, on the south coast of the Sea of Marmora, intending to operate toward Smyrna. French cruisers shelling positions and villages are reported to have repulsed Turk attacks at Adana, Tarsus and Mersina. Evacuation of Americans from Adana to Cypress has begun. The Russian bolshevic blow against Poland, although delivered 60 divisions strong, has not been decisive. Intense fighting has been in progress along the entire Polish front, with the reds making slight gains in some sectors and suffering defeat in others. Taking into consideration the successes of General Wrangel In Crimea, the balance has been strongly against the soviet armies. Wrangel is reported to have recovered 22,000 square miles and to have liberated 2,000,000 people In his drive. His losses are given as 2.800 dead and wounded, while more than 10,000 red prisoners alone have been taken. Polish representatives in the United States are sanguine of an early peace with the Russians and the commencement of a period of reconstruction. Conditions in Londonderry and other parts of Ireland have quieted down considerably. With the exception of an outbreak of soldiers occupying Fermoy, which led to an attack on shops and much damage to ty, there has been nothing like the disturbances of last week. The demonstration is said to have been in retaliation for the capture by Sinn Felners of Brigadier General Lucas. Ireland’s railway situation, however, has grown worse, more men being dismissed and fewer trains being run; The railway men refuse to carry armed soldiers, munitions or police, while the government Insists they shall. "Many towns have been isolated and the railway system is disorganized, with a condition of creeping paralysis in evidence. No general or sympathetic strike has been called and the government is manning trains with troops as a test

ployee denounced the fact that the award was so small. Taking the matter under further consideration, he told the claimant that he thought he would be able to put through an award for a greater amount, but that, of course, he would whnt- to- -share excess payment. The claimant agreeing, a check for the larger amount was made out. The trutt was the soldier was entitled to the larger amount and to the full proceeds of the check.

PROBLEMS FACING STRICKENWORLD Shall Chaos or Reconstruction in Europe Follow the Great World War? CLASH OF FACT AND THEORY Socialistic Idea of Conditions In World Where All Men Are on an Equality Takes No Thought Overlooks Basic Fact in Nature. Article XXV. By FRANK COMERFORD. On November 10. 1917. the bolshevik government was born. On Dec. 10, 1917. the bolshevik government abolished private ownership of land, declaring all real estate the property of the state. On Februarw-fO, 1918, they issued a decree deeming all state loans, internal and foreign, null and void, confiscating all maritime enterprises and all private banks to the state, and nationalizing foreign trade. The constitution established the communism of land in the following words: “For the purpose of attaining the socialization of land, all private property in land Is abolished and the entire land is declared to be national property, and is to be apportioned among agriculturists without any compensation to the former owners, in the measure of each one’s ability to till it.” The peasants of Russia seized the land. They willingly followed this command of the new order, but they did not take the land as. community property. They are not communists. Their experience with communal land owning had never satisfied them. Under the old regime the peasants were alloted land by the communal Mir. The Mir held title to the land and divided it by lot. The tenancy of a farmer on the land was uncertain under the Mir system. The average length of the lease was about thirteen years. Then came a new’ distribution of the Mir land, a new drawing. The peasant was compelled to move to the new strip of land allotted to him from the drawflng. This plan took from the peasant all inducement to put his best into the land. He had no motive for improving tHe land; it was not his. At the next drawflng it would probably go to another, and he in turn be shifted on a piece of land which had been neglected and allowed to deteriorate. Experience fired the peasant with one thought, one ambition, to own his own land, to have a permanent home, something to work on and work for. So at the outset of the program to socialize the land we. find the bolshevik government attempting a communistic program completely antagonistic to the wishes of the peasants. Led to General Disorder. Between the villages in Russia are the great landed estates, the proprietary land! These lands wrere the best lands in the vicinity and were well cared "or. When the order to seize the land was given, the peasants turned toward the proprietary lands. The tillages fought with each other for the possession and division of these tempting estates. This was the beginning of general disorder, small civil war. The bolshevik government attempted to force Its program abolishing all private ownership of land. They justified the confiscation of land, the plan of land communism, by saying that the earth belonged to the people, , that private title to land was immoral and corrupt, that every man should have all the land he could actually work, and not an acre more. They argued that if a man had more land than he could work, one of two things would happen; either he would allow the land to remain Idle, which would be a waste, or he would hire someone to work it for him. They said the hired man would be either a farm laborer or a tenant; whichever relation he bore to the owner of the lan<|, he would be compelled to turn over part of his labor to the landowner. In one case It would be called rent, while if he receives wages, the wages would represent something less than the value of the hired man’s crop. This would be the profit taken by the landowner. They called this exploiting the worker. Instead of this condition, they reasoned that the farm hand should work this land and keep the full product for the state. In the plan of distribution the state, the owner of everything, promised an equal distribution. The bolsheviks argued that their plan would make a better citizen out of the hired man and give him an inducement to work. He was not to work for himself, but for the good of all, It was a fine bit of idealism, but entirely contrary to human nature. It had to be worked out by human beings. Two things happened. One class of peasants worked the land only enough to produce what they and their families needed. They reasoned, “Why should wework after our needs are supplied This natural attitude of mind reduced production. The theory which promised increased production, in practice decreased production. Refused to Share With State. Another class of peasants went onto the land and worked hard and produced much, but they refused to give up the product of their labor to the state. They reasoned that the result

Easy Journalism The editor of the Bano Daily News (Africa) does not have trouble over such matters as circulation or the high cost of paper. When he gets a piece of news he smooths oft some slabs of wood, writes up the story in his best editorial style, and then gives the slabs to his office boy, who runs off with them and hangs them in conspicuous places So that he who runs may read.

of their labor belonged to themselves. Both classes were Individualists. Neither group were communists in practice, particularly when the operation of communism came home to them. For a time those peasants who had a surplus sold their product to the government. For It they received questionable paper money with a -doubtful value. Then began the hoarding of farm products. The peasants demanded manufactured things which they needed, in exchange for their farm products. The government did not have the manufactured articles the peasants needed and wanted. The proletariat of the cities was hungry. It was up to the bolshevik government to feed them, or fall . . . Raiding parties were sent out The “Red” army was used. The peasants stood together to protect their property. The socialization of land failed. Production on the farms fell. General poverty resulted. The problem of the bolshevik government to provide food for the cities still remained. With the failure of communism of the land, the government set to work to cultivate the great proprietary estates on a co-operative plan. Graft, inefficiency of administration, and the unwillingness of the peasants to work, caused this plan to fall. Kerzhenstey in the “Izvestia” of the provincial executive committees of January 22, 1919, gives a picture of the situation: “The facts describing the village soviet of the Uran borough present a shocking picture which is no doubt typical of all other corners of our provincial soviet life. The chairman of this village soviet, Rekhalev, and his nearest co-workers, have done all in their power to' antagonize the population against the soviet rule. Rekhalev, himself, has often been found in an intoxicated condition'and he has frequently asaulted the’local inhabitants. The beating up :of Visitors to the soviet office was an ordinary occurrence. In the village of Bierezovka the peasants have been thrashed, not only with fists, but have been assaulted with sticks, robbed of their footwear and cast into damp cellars, on bare earthen floors. The members of the executive committee, Glukhov, Mo’rev, Makhov, and others, have gone even further. They have organized “requisition parties,” which were nothing else but organized pillagings, in the course of which they have used wire-wrapped sticks on the recalcitrants. The abundant testimony, verified by the soviet commission, portrays a very striking picture of violence. When these members of the executive committee arrived at the township of Sadonfovo they commenced to assault the population and to rob them of foodstuffs and of their household belongings, such as quilts, clothing, harness, etc. No receipts for the requisitioned goods were given and no money paid. They even resold to others on the spot some of the breadstuffs which they had requisitioned.” This is the testimony of a well-known loyal bolshevik leader. Reports Flogging of Peasants. The bolshevik, Latzis, reported in the “Izvestia” of January 15, 1919, that “in the Velizsh county of the province of Vitebsk they are flogging the peasants by the authority of the local soviet committee.” The bolshevik, Krivoshayev, remarks in the “Severnaya Communa” of May 10, 1919: “The soviet workers are taking from the peasants chickens, geese. bre,ad and butter, without pay< ing for it. In some households of these poverty-stricken folk they are confiscating even the pillows and the samovars, and everything they can lay their hands on. The peasants naturally feel very bitterly against the soviet rule.” The peasants’ borough meetings of the province of Kostroma forwarded a resolution to Lenine published in the “Izvestia,” in which they say: “The members of the soviets are ruling us; they are violating our will and are tantalizing us as if we were dumb cattle.” The peasants are hiding their rubles, holding them for a day when they hope that the blight of communism will pass and sane democratic government will reorganize Russia, bring order out of chaos, establish freedom. Their safety-deposit boxes are empty bottles into which the peasants stuff the paper rubles and then bury the bottles. They look for a day when a stable government will redeem these paper promises called money, which today are of little value. It shows their lack of trust in the government and its banking system. It also points to the interest they have in the passing of the bolshevik government, and the hope they hold for the coming of a new state. Many of the peasants who seized land are conscious of the dishonesty of their title and of the insecurity of their possessslon. They want good, honest title to their land. Several hundred million rubles were sent to the government treasury of Omsk by peasants asking that they be given honest title to their land. (Copyright. 1920, Western Newspaper Union) Allies to Drive Turks Into Asia. Internationalization of Constantinople and the straits of Dardanelles has been decided upon along the lines laid down by Premier Lloyd George of Great Britain in a recent speech, according to the Paris Matin. It seems certain, the newspaper says, that the seat of the Turkish government will be transfered to Asia Minor, and be located either at Brusa or Konieh. Details of the form of international control which will be established over Constantinople have not as yet become known.

Composer’s Method The world’s masters of art and music and literary geniuses have us6d different means for arousing inspiration and stimulating imagination, an exchange recalls. Thus, Grieg, the musician, when"he was about to compose, used to heat his head for several days, whereupon he would lose his appetite and his eyes would become inflamed and his Imagination thereby stimulated.

DEMAND FOU OIL CANNOT BE MET DIRECTOR OF U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SAYS RESTRICTION WILL BE NECESSARY. RED CROSS TO EXECUTE PLAN Effort Is Being Made to Find Local Workers Who Will Understand the importance of Not Assuming to “Boss People Around”—China's Future. By JAMES P. HORNADAY. Washington.—George Otis Smith, director of the United States geological survey, says that some restriction in gasoline consumption will have to be imposed. Facts of consumption, he points out, are not easily determined. Where the oil comes from is a matter set forth each month in the geological survey reports; where it goes is largely a matter of conjecture. The automobile engine, Director Smith points out, has the greatest thirst. Industry’s need of oil has become large within the last few years. According to the director the day is aj hand when every demand for oil cannot be met, and that raises the question as to which demand is to be given priority. In sounding the warning againct reckless use of oil and gasoline, Director Smith points out that the fuel reserves of a nation are no less essential to its future Industrial welfare than the gold reserves are essential to its present financial stability. Once lowered the reserves of coal and oil in the ground can never be replenished. The official estimate of less than 7,000,000,000 barrels of oil as the quantity remaining available in the ground in the United States is believed by the director to be liberal ; but he points out that even if this estimate is inflated 25 per cent the indicated reserve is seen to be far from ample when one realizes.that there will be a consumption of about a half billion barrels of crude oil this year. Oil and Coal Supply. An estimate of the petroleum resources of the world has just been published by the geological survey, which figures 60,000,000,000 barrels for the whole world. In this connection, it is pointed out, that there is used in the United States fully half of the world’s annual production of petroleum. The lack of national selfsufficiencj’ in oil reserves is expressed in another way by the survey. The International position of the United States with respect to oil is contrasted with its position with respect to coal. In the ’last ten years the 7,000 coal mines in this country contributed 41 per cent of the world’s output of coal. The present estimates credit the United States with more than onehalf of the world’s coal reserves. So that when one thinks in world terms, the tonnage of coal produced by this country each year represents less than the national share. With respect to petroleum, in the same ten years the 2,000 oil wells in the United States have poured forth more than 61 per cent of the world’s output, although ,it is now believed that the United States possesses only about 12 per cent of the oil left in the world for Its future use. Some progress toward providing substitutes for petroleum products is being made. The geological survey says that the recovery of alcohol from coke ovens should be undertaken. The United States as the world’s greatest consumer of coal has not fairly begun by-product recovery. The director believes that the higher cost of coal, together with the increased demand for by-products, must result in more by-products being produced. The International Red Cross league will proceed to carry out its plan regardless of what becomes of the League of Nations. Every civilized nation will be represented in the new Red Cross organization if the plans recently worked out at a conference held at Geneva, Switzerland, do not miscarry. The objects of the international league are set forth as follows: “1. To encourage and promote in every country in the world the establishment and development of a duly authorized voluntary national Red Cross organization, having as purpose the mitigation of suffering throughout the world, and to secure the co-operation of such 'organizations for these purposes. “2. To promote the welfare of mankind by furnishing a medium for bringing within the reach of all the peoples the benefits to be derived frpm present known facts, and new contributions to science and medical knowledge and their application. “3. To furnish a medium for co-or-dinating relief work in case of great national or International calamities." The general council of the League of Red Cross Societies has decided to go before’ the world with the following suggestions for every national Red Cross society: Peace-Time Program. “1. That' widespread and popular membership in a national Red Cross society is the necessary condition of success in its peace-time program. “2. That a national Red Cross sociclety should endeavor to cover the expenses of administration and of its normal activities by membership dues

NO CHANCE AT ALL FOR JOY. Junior had spent several weeks one summer visiting a favorite aunt who lived in the suburbs, and he was reminiscent of those happy weeks when he again paid her a visit. However, she had moved, and now lives in a flat. When junior came home he voiced his grievance to his father, saying: "There wasn’t no room to move around in; why, they didn’t even have any kids In that building to tght withl"

and the Income of permanent tnv'estments. “3. That the members of a national Red Cross society should be afforded suitable opportunities to render definite services for public welfare in their respective localities. “2. That a national Red Cross society should organize the youth of its country for Red Cross service. “5. That a national Red Cross socl- i ety* should assist in relief operations in the event! of national disaster, and ; should always be prepared to take! prompt and effective action. “6. That the League of Red Cross Societies should maintain for the mem-! her societies a rapid service of Infor-' mation regarding calamities and dis-: asters, in order to insure the immediate mobilization of every possible form! of assistance, and that effective communication should be established with meteorological and seismological stations throughout the world. “7. That a national Red Cross soclf ety should employ properly qualified persons to direct its health service], and make suitable arrangements for training its nonprofessional “8. That a national Red Cross society should endeavor to secure the cooperation and co-ordination of voluntary organizations engaged in any work similar to that which it may undertake. I “9. That the general council of the League of Red Cross Societies, havirtg considered appeals made to the leagpe on behalf of the prisoners of war in Russia and Siberia, and being profoundly moved by the deplorable situation of these unfortunate men, strongthe League of Nations and the international committee of the Ried Cross, in the efforts which they a|re making to secure the repatriation {of these prisoners.” The work of reorganizing the American Red Cross along the lines Iftid down by the Geneva conference is nbw well under way. It is the hope and expectation of the promoters of Ehe movement to extend the new organization into practically every local community. An effort is being made to find local workers who will understand the. importance of not assuming! to "boss people around.” Emphasis is laid on the fact that it is not tq be the business of the organization to issue commands, but to be of genuine service wherever possible. The foreign affairs of the American Red Cross are rapidly being closed out. The international organization will take over therelief work in Europe. China in Limelight. "It is time for the American people to realize that their] future lies in great measure ort the Pacific,” said Julean Arnold, commercial attache at Peking who is here on leave of absence. “The opportunities of the United States on the Pacific are without limit, but its responsibilities will prove equally great. The only way it can meet these opportunities and responsibilities creditably -to its own civilization and its own position is by an intelligent and sympathetic understanding of the peoples of Asia and the present problems confronting them. Without this understanding we may unwittingly make some ve{ry disastrous mistakes.” China, Mr. Arnold asserts, is now at the dawn of what may prove to be the greatest industrial and corfimereial development that the world has yet witnessed. The Chinese he says are receptive to Western ideas and modern Industrialism. The demands for machinery of all kinds during the next few decades will be enormous;.in fact, the new China will be in the market for practically everything the West has to offer, especially metal goods, building materials, railway, mining, and shipbuilding equipment, heating and sanitary appliances, motors and motorcars, knitting machines and textile plants, needles, nails, hardware, electrical machinery and equipment, industrial plants of nearly every description, and indeed everything needed to transform the country into a modern industrial and commercial society. Mr. Arnold predicts that Instead of 100,000 persons in factories and 4,000,000 children in schools, the China of a few decades hence will have 40,000,000 factory hands and 80.000,000 school children, figures proportionate to the present statistics of the United States. No Need for Jealousy. “There need be no international jealousies,” Mr. Arnold says, “in the competition for the wonderful trade that China will have to offer, as there will be room for all.” And he adds: “A strong, Independent, self-reliant China possessed of progressive ideals will prove a blessing to humanity. It behooves the West in its relations with China to work on broad lines in a spirit of co-operation rather than competition, with a vision for the future, as the day will come when the Pacific will be the world’s great arena of trade and commerce, and that trade will be worth while only if it is built upon a foundation of friendship and good will.” Encouragement should be given, Mr. Arnold believes, to American loans to China and to the sale of Chinese securities in the American market American shipping facilities should be provided sufficient to handle the American trade on the Pacific and on the Yangtze river. Federal incorporation should be provided for American firms wishing to operate in China requiring that at least 51 per cent of capital stock and a majority of the board of directors be American. Joint Chinese-American enterprise in China should be encouraged. A good American news service should be established In China. American capital should be encouraged 4o participate in a large way in development possibilities in the republic.

HIS IDEA OF TRAIN’S ACTION. There is a story of a Suffolk (England) yokel who, having lived some distance from a railway station, and being content with the society around him, had never had need of a train, and, being brought into contact with a railway, stood watching this new wonder not far from a tunnel. His description of it afterward was that a train was more or less like a rabbit—“he ran up to the hole, let off an awful screech and bolted Into It"