The Syracuse and Lake Wawasee Journal, Volume 12, Number 46, Syracuse, Kosciusko County, 11 March 1920 — Page 2

PROBLEMS FACING STRICKENWORLD Shall Chaos or Reconstruction in Europe Follow the Great World War? DANGER IN GENERAL UNREST T Practically Universal Feeling of Discontent Will Grow Unless the Causes Which Gave It Birth Are Removed. Article VII. — By FRANK COMERFORD. A specter haunts Europe. It is the ghost of unrest. When I started out to interview unrest in Europe I did not give my ear to, the idle theorist •who always knows all about everything, but never from direct experience with it, nor did I go to the agitator who preaches unrest in red words. Neither did I seek out the type of fanatical labor leader, who is eager for trouble, who is trying to mobilize unrest and, marshal it under the banner of Revolution. J passed by the placehunting, time-serving politician. I was not Interested in platitudes and promises. I sought knowledge of unrest from those who knew it from contact with it, those who were part and parcel of it. I went to the man in the street, the average man. I talked with the sweaty, dirty coal miner at the mouth of the shaft. He had just come from his day in the darkness deep in the ground. I visited the man who works in the mills’. I listened to the rough speech of the teamster. I went to factories and talked with men between the two whistles which mark the time of the noon meal. They munched at black bread, ate cheese or sausage, • gulped tea, coffee or cheap,! diluted red wine. 1 spent time with the idle, the Idle by choice as well as those without work through no fault of their own. Only yesterday many, ye?, most of these men were in khaki; now, back on the jobMn overalls, they were thinking. Their speech was troubled. Discontent looked out from their eyes. I could feel it. They talked it, but never as unrest, always protest. Unrest Must Be Quieted. Their state of mind is the problem. Unrest is epidemic; it is militant. There is little of pacifism in it. It is real, it is not without cause. To get close to the cause of this disease which threatens revolution, one must know and understand what is going on in the minds of the men we are looking to and depending upon to do the world’s work.' It doesn’t take a prophet to understand that If heed is not given to the things irritating them and a remedy Is not found for the irritation, serious trouble will follow. While wat is hell, it has at least the restraint of discipline. A revolution growing out of unrest would mean mob madness, terrorism, fanatical, brutal, cruel and merciless. Once started, it would spread like wildfire. The wqrld would be swept from Its senses. The fire would run its course until stopped because there was nothing left to burn. Who dares picture the state in which it would leave the world? In this day, when the nerves of the world are on edge, when cold and hunger irritate, one shudders when he thinks of the fate of civilization if unrest is not checked before it explodes in passion and wrath. Unrest existed before the war. It was an acorn then, it is an oak now. Before the war men were complaining, and justly complaining, about their lot. The difference now is that four years In the trenches have caused them to stop complaining’and ac^.,, Soldiering taught them much. They learned of the greatness of force. Back of their present tendency to act is the grown grievance and the war lesson. Before the war they complained; today they demand. It is interesting to examine unrest in the complaint stage, as these men knew it before 1914. These plain, ordinary average men have always been intensely human. They loved their wive? and children, they lived for their homes, they felt keenly their responsibility for the happiness of their loved ones. They have but one thing to give. Before the war they gave it unsparingly—it was their labor. Their one source of income was the pay envelope. With their wages they had to buy shoes, clothe?, food, and provide shelter for the lives they brought into the world, and for the women they had. chosen to be the mothers of those children. “Home” Before All. “Home, Sweet Home” is the international anthem. It is the heart song of the average man. The club plays *■ no part in his life. From his home he goes to work, and from work he goes home. Shanties and tenements are not homes. These men have always protested against the ugly shacks in which they were compelled to house their loved ones. They bit their lips In jobless days when their children went to bed hungry. Resentment grew in their hearts when they saw how poorly dressed their wives and children were. They muttered curses when their children were forced to go to work. They wanted to give their children a better education than they had had, a better chance in life, and they laughed at laws prohibiting child labor, while conditions compelled chil-

NO SHOES FOR TRAVELING. A few of my friends and I went to a station nearby to camp and pick blueberries. On the first day, while traveling through some swamp land our feet became wet That night I built a fire and placed my shoes and socks on a log near the fire, Intending to watch them until they dried. I fell asleep and my footwear burned. The next day I went home on the train barefooted, to the amusement of all the oassensrers. —Chicago Tribuqfe.

dren to work or starve. As these men grew older their families grew in size and demand, while their ability to earn decreased. The tragedy registered in their pay envelopes. They were being ground between growing needs and diminishing wages. The grinding not only hurt their bodies, it furrowed their brain. They lived in dread of poverty. It had been their nurse, they feared it would be their pallbearer. Poverty had taken its revenge upon them. They were resolving that if they could help it it would not put its lash upon their children. They knew poverty intimately. It wasn’t a word, a name, it was a living hateful, cruel companion. It was the devil that recruited tlie Marys of Scarlet Hall, the Magdalens of the slums, and always army was mobilized from the shanties of the poor. Children who had been robbed of their youth, who had never owned a flower, poorly fed and miserably clad, dragged out of bed by alarm clocks, sounding the call to toil, when they should have been answering the school bell, children physically unfit for the breadwinner’? struggle, children without the moral endurance necessary for the fight, were driven into No Woman’s land, the rotten scum under the world. Light in Education. Before the war men were brooding on these things, papers, books, magazines mirroring life, pictured these horrors. They were the subject of public discussion and debate. Men returning from a hard day’s work talked these things over with their wives after the children had gone to bed, and many a man left his supper table to peek through the half-closed door into the room where his kiddies were sleeping, tiptoeing back, only to look into the eyes of a mother, and see reflected there the fears he felt. The invention of the typesetting machine. the cheap manufacture of paper, the growth of public school systems, and public libraries, brought light to the dark minds of the workmen. In that light they saw more clearly their needs and more completely realized their rights. It is the natural ambition of man to climb. He wants to get on and up. Ignorance had kept him from climbing. Ignorance is darkness. Men stumble when they try to go forward in the dark. Education is the light in the road. They sought to make haste, to make up for the lost time. Education taught them to want things for themselves and their families that their fathers and mothers never thought of wanting. The homes which satisfied their parents depressed and Irritated them. The bathtub and tooth brush are acquired habits. The desire to straighten the back that has been bent in toil too long, is put there by education. One thing stood in the way—lt obstructed the path upward to decent living. They saw the barrier clearly and distinctly—poverty. They saw this impassable obstacle was made out of poor wages. They saw more. They saw that poor wages built the poorhouses and filled them, organized the bread lines, introduced the soup house. Out of their thoughts, in their they carved a truth, “As long as som# people have more than they can possibly use. while others through no fault of their own have less than they absolutely need, something is wrong,” and when the call to arms came these thoughts were living in the mass mind of the world. Many not concerned with the problem of the other seven-eighths, knowing nothing of what was happening in the minds of the men and women of toil, and caring less, they did not know that these men were uniting and planning to tear down the wall of poverty. (Copyright, 1920. Western Newspaper Union) Contradiction In Berlin. Fats, oils, clothes, milk for babies and other necessities are scarce in Berlin, and so high-priced that the poorer people can hardly afford them at all; yet the shop windows along Unter den Linden are full of beautiful goods. Housing conditions pinch despite the fact that Berlin and other cities have less population than before the war. Every candy store window in Berlin has a crowd before it all day long. Adults, as well as children, stand and stare at the displays of sweets. Movies —most of them Immoral —are always crowded. Twelve new moving picture houses are to be erected. The most popular firms are those “on the ragged edge.” Theaters are crowded, and so is the opera, as a rule. "Old on Rhine Again. Quite a number of regular “old timers” who marched to the Rhine with the American army of occupation in December, 1918, and who have been to the United States and discharged and enlisted again, go to make up the Fifth and Fiftieth Infantry regiments which arrived recently in the vicinity of Coblenz to await possible dispatch in the near future to Upper Silesia to supervise the plebiscite. Some of them saw ten a»d twelve months’ service in France and Bel-gium-before the armistice. Russ Losses 35,000,000. The Polish professor, A. A. Ossendoffsky, chief of the Intelligence department of the all-Russian government, estimates that the world war, bolshevism. Civil war, starvation and disease has cost Russia a total of 35,000 lives. He places the cost of bolshevism at 12,280,000 lives. Professor Ossendoffsky says that formerly the Russian population increased at the rate of four persons a minute. Today it is decreasing at the rate of twelve to thirteen a minute.

SHALLOWNESS. Shallow waters show a very clear bottom and but little intensity of light is needed in order to display the pebbles and clear sand. That must be a “purest ray serene”—a pencil of strongest light—which discloses the black, rich, wreck-strewn depths. For the clearness of depth Is very different from the clearness of shaMowness. The former is a positive quality. The larter is negative.—Charles Warren Stoddard.

THE SYRACUSE AND LAKE WAWASEE JOURNAL

Pis it wTC' I—British camp at Dakka, Aignauistau, showing tort the British shelled and captured. 2 —Mrs. John Sherwin Crosby of New York, known as the “Grand Old Lady of Democracy.” 3—New photograph of the interstate commerce commission which has enlarged powers under the new railway law.

NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENTEVENTS Mr. Wilson Eliminates Himself From the Race for the Democratic Nomination. PALMER IS AFTER THE PRIZE Various Attacks on the Prohibition Amendment and the Volstead Law —Supreme Court Puts O. K. on Steel Trust —Peace and War Moves in Europe. By EDWARD W. PICKARD. President Wilson got out twice last week. For the first time in five months he was taken out for an automobile’ ride, surprising all who saw him by his robust physical appearance and gleefully exchanging greetings with the people of Washington. Two days earlier he took himself out of the race for the Democratic nomination for the presidency. This long-awaited event occurred Monday after William G. McAdoo had a confidential talk with his father-in-law. The news of the conference was speedily communicated to Attorney General Palmer and he, in turn, got into touch with Mr. Wilson through his adherents in the White House. The president let Mr. Palmer know he had told Mr. McAdoo he would not be a candidate for renomination, and also gave express permission to flie attorney general to announce his own, candidacy. Mr. Palmer lost no time, telegraphing authority to file his petition in Georgia, where Tom Watson and former Senator Hardwick are boosting Senator Reed as an anti-administration candidate. Palmer hopes to rally the administration forces there to his support and believes McAdoo can scarcely afford to split them by entering the contest in that state. The president let it be known that he will keep his hands off •the* pre-convention campaign, not favoring McAdoo, Palmer or Hoover, any one of whom presumably would be a nominee satisfactory to him. Mr. Palmer, according to his spokesman, stands with the president on the question of the treaty and League of Nations and is willing to make that an issue of the campaign. He is against universal military graining because he thinks the League of Nations will make It unnecessary. He holds that the Sherman anti-trust law must be modified. He favors the enforcement of the prohibition law and does not believe it will be a real issue in the campaign. Despite the fact that he is a dry, one of his chief lieutenants will be former Congressman Carlin of Virginia, leader of the wets. Which brings us neatly to consideration of the late John Barleycorn and the rumblings from his grave which are causing perturbation among the drys and also among many of the politicians. The first of these ominous noises last week was the decision of Federal Judge, Geiger at Milwaukee legalizing the manufacture and sale of 2.5 per cent beer in Wisconsin® on the ground that each state has the sovereign right and police power to fix its own standard as to what constitutes an ifitoxicating beverage. The prohibition amendment providing for concurrent power of congress and the several states to enforce the amendment, Judge Geiger held that state legislation in the matter could not be overturned by an act of congress; he found section 1, title 2"of the Volstead act unconstitutional. New Jersey’s legislature got into action the same day, and after an exciting debate the senate passed the house bill legalizing the manufacture, sale and transportation of beverages containing not more than 3.5 per cent alcohol by volume. In order to avoid complications the measure w’as altered so that it does not go into effect until the termination of the state of war with Germany, and severe penalties were fixed for its violation. In this shape it was signed by Governor Edwards, who issued a statement that he approved it not because he was against

FIND IT CHEAPER TO LIVE Despite High Cost of Food, Germans Hesitate Before “Shuffling Off This Mortal Coll.” Berlin. —The natural difficulties in the way of dying have been aggravated by the coal shortage; that Is, if you will be cremated. In the town of Esslingen, South Germany, candidates for earthly cremation have been forewarned that they can nave their wish only when the local Crem-

prohibition but because he sought to defend the ancient American liberty. In the New York legislature a bill was introduced to legalize beverages containing 6 per cent alcohol, and a resolution was adopted providing for an investigation of the Anti-Saloon league by the judiciary committee. License was the issue in elections in Massachusetts and Vermont, and tn both states many towns that had been dry for years voted wet. On Thursday New Jersey came to bat again with a suit filed for the state by its attorney general in the United States Supreme court, attacking the constitutionality of the/ prohibition amendment on the grounc\that it was improperly drawn, that in 21 states the legislatures have not ratified it as provided for by their state constitutions and that there is no power in congress to propose a constitutional amendment regulating the habits and morals of the people. Politics of course is entering into the prohibition fight. The wet Democrats of Illinois already have launched -the presidential boom of Governor Edwards of New Jersey and have filed the necessary petition that puts his name on the April, 3 direct primary ballot. The real leaders of the party in that state, however, say this movement will not amount to much and that the delegates to San Francisco probably will not be instructed. The New York state Democratic convention adopted resolutions condemning prohibition by constitutional amendment and calling for the restoration of states’ rights. By the close vote of 4 to 3 the United States Supreme court has given legal sanction to the United States Steel biggest of industrial combinations. The majority opinion dismissed the government’s suit for dissolution of the corporation “without prejudice” so that the proceedings can be reinstituted if the concern does not behave in the' future. The opinion was based on the two main points that the size of a corporation is not in itself a violation of the antitrust laws, and that the Steel corporation has not exerted its admitted great power to stifle competition, especially since 1911, when the suit was instituted. No precedent was found in the tobacco and Standard QJI cases; but neither is it assured that this latest decision will furnish a precedent for decision of the suits against the American Sugar Refining company and other trusts that are pending in the Supreme court. Transfer of the railroads back to private hands was accomplished smoothly and so far nothing has happened that would make the traveling public aware of the change. Officials of some of the roads are hoping that the Interstate commerce commission will permit a considerable increase in freight rates to take care of the evident needs of the companies, so that it will not be necessary to ask for higher passenger rates. The government guarantee holds good until September 1, so there may be no boost in rates for several months. The railway brotherhoods wisely concluded to give the new railway legislation a fair trial before talking-of strikes, though they did not pretend that they liked it at all. President Wilson has asked the rail executives and the brotherhood leaders to pick their representatives on a board that will at once begin work on pending wage disputes.' International Interest is still centered largely on Russia and on the peace offers made by the soviet government. Sentiment in favor of coming to an agreement with the Moscow government seems to be growing stronger, and all the entente nations have been given the tip that they may trade with the Russian co-operatives, whose chief representative has $500,000,000 in gold to pay for the things Russia most needs. The race for this trade is lively among the British and some of the continental nations, including Germany. The representatives of Finland, Latvia and Roumania, and perhaps of other countries, are in Warsaw discussing peace conditions to be submitted to the soviet. Lenine, while apparently striving for international peace, is not letting up on his domestic enemies and at latest reports had Gen-

atory has coke on hand. The progressive city of Ulm, Wurttemberg, requires the interested surviving relatives to furnish the necessary fuel along with the dead, if cremation is desired. Incidentally,, the cost of cremation has gone up considerably. The cremation fees average around 70 marks, a niche for the memorial urn costs from 250 to 600 marks, according to location, while the urn itself lets you in for 250 marks up. Even without cremation, dying is expensive in Germany today. The

eral Denikine’s Cossack armies cornered in the Kuban peninsula east of the Sea of Azov. In northwest Russia the bolshevik front was advanced almost to the Finnish frontier. The settlement of the Flume controversy still lags and discussions of it were transferred from London to Paris. The Jugd-Slavs naturally are pleased with President Wilson’s notes, and Premier Nittl of Italy seems to be in conciliatory mood. Hungary, which has not accepted the peace treaty offered it, has elected Admiral Horthy regent governor!, of the country, and the adherents of the old regime were hopeful that this presaged its restoration. But the supreme council, it is said, is determined that no Hapsburg shall be placed on the throne of either Austria or Hungary. Premier Nltti, it is reported, has demanded of the supreme council a revision of the Hungarian treaty because as it staYids it places 3.000.000 Magj ars in the Jugo-Slav, Roumanian and Czecho-Slovak states. The peace treaty with Turkey is Iji the hands of experts for completion, its main details, having been determined by the allied council. Besides the features already mentioned in these columns, it was decided that the Turkish warships shall be broken up. and that the army shall be reduced to such a point that It will be ineffective against another country. There is great disorder in Turkey, and on Thursday the cabinet resigned, Izzet Pasha being called on to form a new ministry. In connection with the disturbed situation, the British naval forces in the eastern Mediterranean are being largely increased, and French troops have been dispatched to Constantinople. Both France and Portugal have been having serious labor troubles, and the latter is still so afflicted. In France the rail workers declared a general strike, but the government took drastic measures and, with'the aid of thousands of volunteer railway men, broke up the strike and forced the workers to accept a compromise. The disturbance in Portugal also began with a rail strike which spread to tramways and postal and telegraph lines. It was reported the workers had proclaimed a soviet form of^ government, but this was not confirmed. Os course the Portuguese monarchists, who are always on the lookout for such chances, became active and complicated matters. Organization of the American Farm Bureau federation was completed at a meeting in Chicago which was attended by representatives of. more than 1,000,000 farmers. The organization has raised $500,000 for its 1921 program, and $1,000,000 is promised for 1922. Part of the monej' writ be used to establish national headquarters and to pay officers and experts, some of whom will receive salaries as high as $25,000 a year. The directors drew up the following tentative program: National legislation that will prevent strikes and unnecessarj’ suffering. Investigation of the tariff in relation to farm products. Fight reciprocitj’ with flanada. Investigation of marketing, live stock prices and foreign competition. Lower freight rates. Investigation of foreign trade relations. More' businesslike relations with packers and consumers. Investigation of credits and foreign exchange. Establishment of a Washington office, with experts to watch and report on legislation. All decent American citizens —ana that inclines the vast majority of the population—rejoiced over the results of the municipal election in Seattle, Wash. Maj. Hugh M. Caldwell, a former member of the A. E. F., was opposed for the mayoralty by James A. Duncan, leader of the radical element in labor circles there. The issue was clear cut —Americanism against the I. W. W. and extremists in general—an I Americanism won, the finnl count of the vote being 50,850 for Caldwell and 34,849 for Duncan. Seattle has been a center of potential rebellion, but the city feels that it has now removed the blot from its fame.

cheapest pine-board coffin is priced at 125 marks and the cost of coffins runs up to 5,000 and 6,000 marks for ornate metal caskets. The cheapest short distance ride in a hearse costs 50 marks, while professional pallbearers get a minimum wage of 7.50 marks per capita., The cheapest funeral wreaths cost 50 marks, but you cannot get anything grand and showy under 500 marks. Living would seem to be the lesser evil, and as a matter of fact, the death rate is going down in Germany.

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UNABLE TO IDENTIFY MUMMY London Officials in Something of a Quandary as to Disposition of . “Old Jimmy.” One of London’s problems nt the present hour is what to do with a mummy that lies at the back of the Mansion house in one of the oldest churches of that ancient city. No one knows where it came from, and the jocular element around the Mansion house describe it as “Old Jimmy—a former lord mayor of London.” The rector is in a quandary over its disposal. The figure is perfectly preserved ; eyes, hair, nose, teeth, nails and ribs. Inside the door of the mummy’s box is a glass lid, which was removed a few days ago for the first time for many years. The njiunmy was covered with cobwebs, but was still In good condition. “It feels like leather,” said an onlooker as he touclied “Old Jimmy’s” elastic ribs. The rector invites suggestions from the public as to what to do with the mummy. The mystery as to its identity afises from the fact that during the greqt London fire in 1666 it was hurriedly removed from another church and placed where it now lies, so as to escape the ravages of the conflagration. Great Difference. Ancient —Oh, for the old-fashioned winters, the nights of the fires. Up-to-Date—Y'ou bet! Now it’s the tenant roaring at the janitor for more heat.

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TRAMP’S PLEA THAT FAILED Sufferer Quite Unable to See Style of “Splitting and Hacking” Proposed by Farmer’s Wife. Lawson Purdy, secretary of a charity organization, said in a brilliant address on charity in New York: “Charity bestowed on the professional beggar is worse than wasted. A gaunt scarecrow with a red nose knocked at the back door of a farm- ’ bouse one bitter December day. “ ‘Charity, lady,’ croaked. ‘Charity for the sake o's the Christmas ieAst wot’s approachin’.’ “Here he coughed dismally. “‘Lady,’ he went on, ‘I got a splittin’ headache and. a hackin’ cough, and —’ ’‘But the wise farm woman inter; rupted him. “‘A splittin’ headache and a hackin’ cough?’ she said. ‘Then you won’t mind goin’ out to the woodshed and splittin’ the kindlin’ and rackin’ them oak logs. When you’re through I’ll give you a meal of —’ “But the sufferer with a gesture of rage and disgust was already hurrying on.’’ For Eastern All-Air Routes. The government of India has sent letters to various chambers of commerce suggesting that they find away to maintain seven centers for aircraft. The cities proposed are Bombay, Calcutta, Madras, Karachi, Delhi, Nagpur and Rangoon. The centers are believed to be sufficient for all-air routes in India and Burma. •

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